JPH03229476A - Liquid core fiber - Google Patents
Liquid core fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03229476A JPH03229476A JP2025612A JP2561290A JPH03229476A JP H03229476 A JPH03229476 A JP H03229476A JP 2025612 A JP2025612 A JP 2025612A JP 2561290 A JP2561290 A JP 2561290A JP H03229476 A JPH03229476 A JP H03229476A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- light
- core
- clad
- core fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000990 laser dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はレーザ発振や光増幅機能を有する液体コアファ
イバに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a liquid core fiber having laser oscillation and optical amplification functions.
（従来技術）
石英系ファイバ中に、ＥｒやＮｄ等の光励起により光増
幅効果を発現する物質が混入されたファイバを、１５μ
ｍ帯や１３μｍ帯の光信号を増幅する光増幅器やファイ
バ形レーザとして応用する研究が行われている。(Prior art) A fiber in which a substance such as Er or Nd that exhibits an optical amplification effect by optical excitation is mixed into a silica-based fiber is
Research is being carried out to apply it to optical amplifiers and fiber lasers that amplify optical signals in the m-band and 13-μm band.
このファイバが光増幅器としての機能を示す波長域は、
１．３５μｍ付近にピークがある。The wavelength range in which this fiber functions as an optical amplifier is
There is a peak around 1.35 μm.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） しかし、前記ファイバでは次のような開運があった。(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the fiber had the following good luck.
■、現在の光通信では１．３０μｍ〜１．３２μｍの波
長の信号光と１．５μｍ帯の信号光が用いられているの
で、前記の波長域はこれらの波長域から外れており、そ
のままでは現在の光通信の信号光を増幅することができ
ない。(2) Current optical communications use signal light with a wavelength of 1.30 μm to 1.32 μm and signal light in the 1.5 μm band, so the wavelength range mentioned above is outside of these wavelength ranges and cannot be used as is. It is not possible to amplify the signal light of current optical communications.
■０石英ガラス中にＥｒやＮｄの物質をｗｔ％オーダの
高濃度に混入させると、ガラス中に結晶化が生じて光透
過性と光増幅効果が著しく劣化する。(2) When Er or Nd substances are mixed into quartz glass at a high concentration on the order of wt%, crystallization occurs in the glass and the light transmittance and light amplification effect are significantly deteriorated.
■、ファイバ形レーザとしての応用においては、上記の
希土類元素以外に、例えば表１に示したようなレーザ用
色素を混入させることができれば応用範囲を拡大するこ
とができるが、現在のところ、これらの物質を石英系ガ
ラス中に混入させる技術は開発されていない。従来は、
プラスチックファイバ中にレーザ色素を添加させた例は
あるが、この場合は使用できる時間（＝寿命）が１０３
シヨツトと短い欠点があった。(2) In applications as fiber lasers, the range of applications could be expanded if, in addition to the rare earth elements mentioned above, dyes for lasers such as those shown in Table 1 could be mixed, but at present, these No technology has been developed to mix these substances into silica-based glass. conventionally,
There are examples of laser dyes being added to plastic fibers, but in this case, the usable time (=lifespan) is 103
There was a short shortcoming.
（発明の目的）
本発明の目的は、石英系ガラス中に混入できる物質の選
択の自由度や、混入濃度などの制約が除かれ、また、増
幅波長が現在の光通信の信号光の波長と適合するように
した液体コアファイバを提供することにある。(Objective of the Invention) The object of the present invention is to eliminate restrictions such as the degree of freedom in selecting substances that can be mixed into silica-based glass and the mixing concentration, and to make the amplification wavelength the same as the wavelength of signal light in current optical communications. The object of the present invention is to provide a liquid core fiber that is adapted to the above.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の液体コアファイバは第１図のように、光透過性
を有する液体に光の励起により光増幅作用を発現する物
質が含有されてなるコア１が、前記液体よりも屈折率の
低い材質からなるチューブ状のクラッド２内に充填され
てなることを特徴とするものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid core fiber of the present invention has a core 1 made of a light-transmitting liquid containing a substance that exhibits a light amplification effect when excited by light. , is characterized in that it is filled in a tubular cladding 2 made of a material with a lower refractive index than the liquid.
（作用）
石英ガラスにＥ ｒ２ ′″イオンどの物質を高濃度に
添加すると、ガラス中に微結晶が生じて光透過性が劣化
したり、発光の寿命が短くなって増幅特性が劣化したり
するが１本発明では前記物質を光透過性を有する液体中
に添加するので、前記のような問題が生じない。このた
め、飽和溶解度以下の濃度では特性の劣化が生じない。(Function) When E r2''' ions or other substances are added to quartz glass at a high concentration, microcrystals are formed in the glass, which deteriorates light transmittance, shortens the lifetime of light emission, and deteriorates amplification characteristics. However, in the present invention, the above-mentioned substance is added to a liquid having optical transparency, so the above-mentioned problem does not occur.For this reason, the properties do not deteriorate at a concentration below the saturation solubility.
ちなみに、メチルアルコールにＥｒ”″を添加した場合
は、２０ｗｔ％でも渚解した。Incidentally, when Er"" was added to methyl alcohol, water dissolution occurred even at 20 wt%.
（実施例）
第１図は本発明の液体コアファバの一例を示す。第１図
において１はコア、２はクラッド、３は同コアｌが同ク
ラッド２に封入された液体コアファイバ、４は通常の光
通信用光ファイバ、５は端末部である。(Example) FIG. 1 shows an example of a liquid core fabric of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a core, 2 is a cladding, 3 is a liquid core fiber in which the core 1 is sealed in the cladding 2, 4 is an ordinary optical fiber for optical communication, and 5 is a terminal portion.
前記コア１は先透過性を有する液体、例えばテトラクロ
ロエチレンとか、表２に示したような物質を単独若しく
は混合したものに、Ｅｒイオン及びＮｄイオンを添加し
、混入させたものである。The core 1 is made by adding and mixing Er ions and Nd ions to a liquid having pre-permeability, such as tetrachlorethylene, or the substances shown in Table 2, either singly or in a mixture.
クラッド２は前記液体ｌよりも屈折率が低い物質により
チューブ状に成形されている。この物質の例としてはガ
ラスやプラスチックなどがある。図示したクラッド２は
純シリカガラスを線引して細径のチューブ（内径１０ｕ
ｍ、外径１２５μｍ）にしたものである。The cladding 2 is made of a material having a lower refractive index than the liquid 1 and is formed into a tube shape. Examples of such materials include glass and plastic. The illustrated cladding 2 is a thin tube (inner diameter 10μ) made by drawing pure silica glass.
m, outer diameter 125 μm).
前記コア１が前記クラッド２に封入された液体コアファ
イバ３の発光特性を、第２図に示す測定系で測定したと
ころ第３図、第４図の発光特性が得られた。この発光特
性は光増幅器としてのゲイン特性に相当する。When the light emitting characteristics of the liquid core fiber 3 in which the core 1 was encapsulated in the cladding 2 were measured using the measuring system shown in FIG. 2, the light emitting characteristics shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 were obtained. This light emission characteristic corresponds to the gain characteristic of an optical amplifier.
なお、第２図において６は励起光用レーザ、７は集光レ
ンズ、４は通常の光通信用光ファイバ、５は端末部、３
は本発明の液体コアファイバ、８はモノクロメータ、９
は光検出器である。In addition, in FIG. 2, 6 is a laser for excitation light, 7 is a condensing lens, 4 is a normal optical fiber for optical communication, 5 is a terminal part, 3
is the liquid core fiber of the present invention, 8 is a monochromator, 9
is a photodetector.
第３図は光透過性を有する液体にＥｒ３°イオンを含有
させたコアｌが用いられた液体コアファイバの発光特性
であり、この場合は１．５μｍ帯にピークを持つ発光特
性が得られた。Figure 3 shows the luminescence characteristics of a liquid core fiber using a core l in which a light-transmitting liquid contains Er3° ions, and in this case, luminescence characteristics with a peak in the 1.5 μm band were obtained. .
第４図は光透過性を有する液体にＮｄを添加させたコア
ｌを用いられた液体コアファイバの発光特性であり、こ
の場合は１３２μｍにピークを持つ発光特性が得られた
。従ってこの第４図の発光特性では、現在の光通信にと
って都合の良い波長、即ち、１．３０μｍ−ｔ、３２Ｌ
Ｌｍにピークが合致し、１．３μｍ帯の光増幅器として
の使用が可能になる。FIG. 4 shows the light emission characteristics of a liquid core fiber using a core 1 in which Nd is added to a light-transmitting liquid, and in this case, a light emission characteristic having a peak at 132 μm was obtained. Therefore, the emission characteristics shown in FIG.
The peak matches Lm, making it possible to use it as a 1.3 μm band optical amplifier.
第３図の破線で示した発光特性は石英系ガラス中に夫々
Ｅｒ”を、第４図の破線で示した発光特性は石英系ガラ
ス中にＮｄを混入させた場合の発光特性であり、この場
合の発光ピークは１．３５μｍ付近にあり、液体コアフ
ァイバの発光ピークと０．０３μｍもずれている。従っ
て現在の光通信における光信号の波長、即ち、１．３０
μｍ〜１．３２μｍの増幅には適さない。The luminescence characteristics shown by the broken lines in Fig. 3 are the luminescence properties when Er'' is mixed into the silica glass, and the luminescence properties shown by the broken lines in Fig. 4 are the luminescence properties when Nd is mixed into the silica glass. The emission peak in this case is around 1.35 μm, which is 0.03 μm different from the emission peak of the liquid core fiber.Therefore, the wavelength of the optical signal in current optical communications, i.e.
Not suitable for amplification of μm to 1.32 μm.
本発明において、光の励起により光増幅作用を発現する
物質としてレーザ用色素を用い、それを液体に添加した
ところ、従来報告されているようなレーザ色素としての
発光特性が得られたが、同色素をプラスチックファイバ
に添加した場合のように、短時間で出力が劣化すること
はなかった。In the present invention, when a laser dye was used as a substance that exhibits a light amplification effect when excited by light and was added to a liquid, the emission characteristics of a laser dye as previously reported were obtained. The output did not deteriorate over a short period of time, as was the case when dyes were added to plastic fibers.
また、一方でファイバ状にすることで励起光パワー密度
の増大が生じ、高い効率のレーザとなることが判明した
。On the other hand, it has been found that by forming the fiber into a fiber, the power density of the pumping light increases, resulting in a highly efficient laser.
表２
（コア材として用いられる代表的な液体の例）（発明の
効果）
本発明の液体コアファイバは次のような効果がある。Table 2 (Examples of typical liquids used as core materials) (Effects of the invention) The liquid core fiber of the present invention has the following effects.
■ 希土類元素イオンやレーザ用色素などを自由に選択
して、コア用液体に混入させることができる。■ Rare earth element ions and laser dyes can be freely selected and mixed into the core liquid.
■、希土類元素イオンやレーザ用色素などをガラス中に
添加する場合に比して、はるかに高い濃度で添加しても
レーザもしくは増幅特性が劣化することがない。(2) Compared to the case where rare earth element ions or laser pigments are added to glass, the laser or amplification characteristics do not deteriorate even if they are added at a much higher concentration.
■、液体にＮｄをドープした場合は、増幅作用を示す波
長帯を光送信にとって都合のよい波長域ヘシフトさせる
ことができる。(2) When the liquid is doped with Nd, the wavelength band exhibiting an amplification effect can be shifted to a wavelength range convenient for optical transmission.
第１図ａは本発明の液体コアファイバの一例を示す説明
図、第１図すは同図ａのＺ−Ｚ断面図、第２図は同ファ
イバの発光特性測定説明図、第３図は液体にＥｒ”イオ
ンを添加した場合の発光特性の説明図、第４図は液体に
Ｎｄ″゛を添加した場合の発光特性の説明図である。
１はコア
２はクラソド
発光強度
発光強度FIG. 1a is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the liquid core fiber of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the luminescent characteristics when Er'' ions are added to the liquid, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the luminescent characteristics when Nd'' is added to the liquid. 1 is core 2 is clasode emission intensity emission intensity
Claims (1)
現する物質が含有されてなるコア１が、前記液体よりも
屈折率の低い材質からなるチューブ状のクラッド２内に
充填されてなることを特徴とする液体コアファイバ。A core 1 made of a light-transmitting liquid containing a substance that exhibits a light amplification effect when excited by light is filled in a tubular cladding 2 made of a material with a lower refractive index than the liquid. A liquid core fiber featuring:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025612A JPH03229476A (en) | 1990-02-05 | 1990-02-05 | Liquid core fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025612A JPH03229476A (en) | 1990-02-05 | 1990-02-05 | Liquid core fiber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03229476A true JPH03229476A (en) | 1991-10-11 |
Family
ID=12170714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025612A Pending JPH03229476A (en) | 1990-02-05 | 1990-02-05 | Liquid core fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03229476A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1974423A2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-10-01 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Surface-emitting fiber laser |
-
1990
- 1990-02-05 JP JP2025612A patent/JPH03229476A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1974423A2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-10-01 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Surface-emitting fiber laser |
| EP1974423A4 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2010-06-09 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Surface-emitting fiber laser |
| US7970022B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2011-06-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Surface-emitting fiber laser |
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