JPH032243Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] "Industrial application field" This invention clearly and magnifies the eyeball to clearly detect rotary nystagmus, which was previously impossible to detect as well as vibrations of the eyeball. This invention relates to a nystagmus observation and recording device that enables observation and recording.

"Prior Art" Various eye movement observation and recording methods have been used as part of balance function tests for diagnosing dizziness and balance disorders. The following methods are still mainly used today.

(1) The examiner observes the subject's eyes with the naked eye.

(2) Observation of the subject's eyeballs while wearing Frenzell glasses.

(3) Eye movement recording using electronystagmography. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, plate-shaped electrodes with a diameter of about 5 mm are pasted with paste on the outer circumferential parts 1 to 8 of the eyeballs 10 and 11, and potential changes are detected from the paired electrodes on the upper and lower sides, and on the left and right sides. Specifically, horizontal leads are detected between electrodes 1 and 2, monocular horizontal leads are detected between electrodes 1 and 3 and between electrodes 3 and 2, and vertical leads are detected between electrodes 4 and 5 and between electrodes 6 and 7. do. Note that 8 is an indifferent electrode. The potential change detected from the paired electrodes is
The original waveform is amplified by an amplifier 12, passed through a filter 13, and recorded in an original waveform recorder 14, and a velocity waveform obtained by differentiating the original waveform is recorded in a recorder 17 via a differentiation circuit 15 and a filter 16. Ru.

(4) Photoelectric nystagmus recording using an optical sensor.

(5) Attach the movement coil to the subject's eyeball and apply a magnetic field to record eyeball movement.

(6) Monitor and record eye movements under stimulation using a fixed video camera.

The eye movements of a subject are observed or recorded using the above method, and are used as diagnostic or research materials for balance disorders.

"The problem that the idea tries to solve" Each of the inspection recording methods mentioned above will be discussed.

(1) The method in which the examiner observes with the naked eye can be easily performed without using any equipment, but there are problems in that it is difficult to observe minute nystagmus, etc., and that it is only possible to perform qualitative examination under specific conditions because it cannot be recorded. There is.

(2) Frenciel glasses are widely used because the subject's eyeballs can be magnified and observed, and minute movements can be observed, but they cannot be recorded and cannot be observed under visual stimulation. It was inconvenient.

(3) Testing using electronystagmography (ENG) is the most commonly and widely used test method today. This method uses eyes open and closed when non-stimulated, eyes open in the dark,
Furthermore, each eye movement under stimulation and after stimulation can be extracted and recorded as physiological electrical signals, and analyzed. Unfortunately, however, many problems remain, such as the inability to record rotary nystagmus that occurs in peripheral vestibular disorders, and the difficulty in completely eliminating electrical phenomena other than eye movements caused by noise and artifacts. is the current situation. In particular, in recent years, when the speed measurement of the rapid phase of nystagmus has been discussed, the characteristics of filters and amplifiers are being reconsidered.

(4) Photoelectric nystagmus recording is also used, but although it can eliminate the disadvantages of using electrodes, it is not necessarily superior to the above-mentioned ENG, such as the difficulty of fixing the sensor and the characteristics of the sensor and amplifier. This cannot be true, and the current situation is that it is not as popular as ENG.

(5) Clinical results have already been reported using a method of attaching a coil to the subject's eyeball, creating a strong magnetic field, and introducing and recording the electromotive force caused by the movement of the eyeball. However, although this method has the advantage of capturing eye movement as a completely physical phenomenon, it has many problems such as attaching a coil to the eyeball and the tendency for the lead wire of the coil to break.

(6) Methods of capturing eye movements during optomotor stimulation and rotational stimulation with a video camera, converting them into images, and recording them on tape have already been used in various places, and are useful for diagnosis and research. However, because the video camera is large and fixed as part of the device, this method does not allow the subject to move, and is limited to testing only a limited number of eyeball conditions and visual stimulation. This method has the disadvantage that the relative positional relationship between the eyeball to be examined and the camera is not constant due to movement of the examinee.

"Means for Solving the Problems" The present invention was made to solve the problems mentioned above. A video camera using the element is fixed to the eyeglasses, and a video playback device is coupled to the video camera.

``Operation'' The video camera uses a small CCD (solid-state imaging device) and is attached directly to the magnifying lens of the glasses or via a half mirror. A video camera can detect not only horizontal and vertical movements of the eyeball, but also tilting and rotational movements. The detected data is calculated by the CPU,
Displayed and recorded on a video playback device.

"Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a main body of glasses, and on the front side of the main body 20 of glasses are magnifying lenses 21 and 22 for enlarging the eyeball to be examined.
In addition, lamps 23 and 24 for illuminating the eyeballs are provided on both the left and right sides, and
A support band 25 to the head is connected.

One of the magnifying lenses 21 and 22 has a
A small color video camera 26 made of a CCD (solid-state image sensor) is attached, and this camera 26 is coupled to a CPU 28 via an amplifier 27.
This CPU28 has ROM (read only memory)
29, RAM (Random Access Memory) 30,
Input circuit 31 having various command buttons etc., CRT 32,
A printer 36 is coupled.

In the above configuration, the aperture, focus, etc. of the camera 26 are adjusted via the CPU 28 according to commands from the input circuit 31, and the lamp 23,
Adjust the illuminance of 24. When the eyeball vibrates in this state, the movement state is detected by the camera 26,
The data is stored in the RAM 30 via the amplifier 27 and the CPU 28, and is also displayed on the CRT 32. Also,
In CPU28, program of ROM29 and RAM3
0 data, horizontal guidance, vertical guidance, rotational guidance, rapid phase, slow phase, eyeball deviation angle, deviation speed, etc. are calculated, displayed on the CRT 32, and recorded on the printer 36.

In FIG. 1, after the right eye test is completed, the camera 26 is attached to the left eye and the same test is performed. In this case, it is desirable to cover the magnifying lens 21 or 22 of the eye to be examined.

In FIG. 2, a camera 26 is attached to the side to be inspected via a half mirror 33, and the eyeball is attached to the half mirror 33.
This example shows an example in which a doctor or other person can make observations through a computer. In this case, the filter 34 is attached so that the inspected side has the same transmittance.

In FIG. 3, a camera 2 is connected to both magnifying lenses 21 and 22 via half mirrors 33a and 33b, respectively.
An example in which 6a and 16b are attached is shown. Also,
An example is shown in which a light stimulation device 35 is provided facing the half mirrors 33a and 33b to test the reflex movement speed of the eyeballs.

``Effects of the invention'' As mentioned above, this invention makes the video camera as small as possible, designs the lens system for close-up photography, and fixes it on glasses that can be worn directly on the patient. The relative positional relationship between the eyeball and the camera can be kept constant, and the eyeball can be imaged and recorded simultaneously under extremely favorable conditions.
Its characteristics are described below.

(1) By being able to image the subject's eyeballs in an extremely clear and enlarged manner, it is possible to clearly observe and record rotary nystagmus, which could not be recorded with ENG, etc.

(2) Since the eyeball image is clear, the iris can be confirmed, and by using a printer and a tilt angle meter, it is possible to measure the degree of eyeball rotation caused by the otolith reflex caused by head tilt. It became possible.

(3) Image processing is performed to make the pupils and iris clear, and eye movement speed, acceleration, amplitude, etc. can be measured by computer processing of rotational eyeball, horizontal and vertical nystagmus, mixed nystagmus, etc.

(4) By using a half mirror, video cameras can be attached to both eyes at the same time, making it possible to record observations under visual stimulation.

(5) By equipping the camera with an infrared filter,
It is also possible to record observations in the dark with the eyes open.

(6) Since the examinee can move freely, it is possible to examine all eye conditions and visual stimuli.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the first nystagmus observation and recording device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional nystagmus device. 1 to 9...electrode mounting position, 10,11...eyeball, 12...amplifier, 13,16...filter,
14, 17...Recorder, 15...Differential circuit, 20
... Glasses body, 21, 22 ... Magnifying lens, 2
3, 24...Lamp, 25...Support band, 2
6,26a,26b...video camera, 27,2
7a, 27b...Amplifier, 28...CPU, 29
...ROM, 30...RAM, 31...input circuit,
32...CRT, 33, 33a, 33b...half mirror, 34...filter, 35...light stimulation device, 36...printer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A video camera using a solid-state image sensor is fixed to the eyeglasses, with the eyeball to be examined facing the magnifying lens of the eyeglasses, and an image is transmitted to the video camera. A nystagmus observation and recording device characterized by being combined with a playback device. (2) The nystagmus observation and recording device according to claim 1, wherein the video camera is attached to a magnifying lens of eyeglasses via a half mirror.