JPH03223618A - Plumbing aid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rationalize surveying work by peeping a vertically extending target point directly over a measuring point through the peep hole of the horizontal jig of the head of a tripod. CONSTITUTION:Leg parts 18 of a plumbing jig 10 are opened at a required angle and positioned directly over a surveying tack 70 which is to become a measuring point. The tip of the conical part of a weight 26 is directed to the cross part of the head of the tack 70. At this time, a part directly beneath a main body 46 is peeped through a central through hole 58 of the main body 46. Then, the head part of a rod body 34 in the jig 10 can be visually confirmed through a peep hole 62 of a tube body 60. When the top part of the rod body 34 is observed as the approximately concentric circle as the main body 32 of the weight 26, the vertical center between a head 68 of a tripod 66 and the tack 70 is approximately obtained. Then, a horizontal aid 44 is removed from the head 68, and a surveying instrument or the like such as a transit is set. The surveying work can be rationalized by quickly obtaining the vertical centering by simple operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention provides a method for installing a tripod on which a 3111Jt machine such as a transit machine is attached directly above a measurement point at a survey site, This invention relates to a centripetal aid that can quickly find the perpendicular center of .

Conventional technology A tripod is set directly above the required measurement point at the survey site,
BACKGROUND ART The work of measuring the distance and angle of an object using a surveying machine such as a transit or theodolite mounted on a tripod is widely performed in connection with land surveys, construction projects, and the like. In this case, it is extremely important that the surveying instrument mounted on the tripod and the said measuring point be vertically centered, and preliminary work must be carried out to install the tripod almost directly above the measuring point. ,
Generally, a "plumb bob" is used.

To explain the outline of the work procedure, first open the tripod and install it almost directly above the survey point, then use a spirit level to accurately determine the level of the leg head to which the surveying instrument will be attached.Next, the legs of the tripod "Plumb bob" from the center of the head through the thread
hang down, and align the tip of the plumbum with the center of the cross carved into the surveying stud driven into the survey point. Thereby, a substantially vertical center is obtained between the leg head of the tripod and the measurement point.

However, since the plumb bob is suspended from a string, errors due to sway caused by wind, etc. are inevitable.

After removing the plumb bob from the leg head and attaching a surveying machine such as a transit to the leg head, look into the cross section of the surveying stud located directly below using a prism-type centripetal telescope installed on this surveying machine. Then, by finely adjusting the shift mechanism installed in the surveying machine and shifting the surveying machine (in a range of about 20+ m), the accurate vertical center between the surveying machine and the survey point is finally obtained. ing.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The installation of a surveying machine at a survey point is performed by the operations described above. However, it is generally difficult to find the exact vertical center between the tripod leg head and the measurement point using plumb swings.
The current situation is that it takes a considerable amount of time even for experts, and even more so for beginners. In particular, surveying sites are not limited to flat areas, but are often carried out on sloped surfaces, and in this case the difficulty is further increased.

In other words, since the plumb bob suspended from a string is easily shaken by the influence of wind, etc., and the distance from the leg head to the measuring point is quite long, it is necessary to obtain the approximate vertical center between the leg head and the measuring point. It's difficult in itself. If the large vertical center between the leg head and the measuring point is not determined, even if you try to correct the error using the centripetal telescope, the field of view of the telescope will be narrowed, making it difficult to visually confirm the measuring point. That in itself becomes difficult.

Nowadays, the accuracy of 3111 quantity machines has improved dramatically, and their operability has become easier with the adoption of digital displays. Therefore, as long as the tripod is set up correctly at the measurement point, anyone can use it. however,
Plumb bobbins are still traditionally used to accurately install tripods. Therefore, due to the above-mentioned difficulties, the current situation is that centripetal work at the site requires a lot of time and skill.

Purpose of the Invention This invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problem 'a' to suitably solve the problem. To provide a centripetal aid capable of finding a substantially perpendicular center between a tripod and a measuring point in a short time by eliminating the complicated work of using a plumb bob when finding a vertical center.

Means to solve problems In order to overcome the above ia problems and achieve the intended purpose.

As a result of repeated studies, the inventor set a target point that extends vertically directly above the 4 points 'II. By looking into the target point through the observation hole, it was found that if the lines of sight connecting this observation hole and the target point were aligned, the vertical center between the survey point and the tripod leg head could be easily obtained. Ta.

Therefore, the present invention is an auxiliary tool for determining the vertical center between the leg head and the survey point by installing a tripod having a leg head on which a surveying machine such as a transit is installed directly above a survey point. a horizontal member which is removably placed on the leg head of the tripod, and which is capable of adjusting the horizontal level itself and has a through hole portion through which the measurement point below can be seen through the center through hole of the leg head; With aids.

In addition to having legs whose angles can be adjusted freely, a heavy hanging is swingably supported via a gimbal mechanism in a through hole provided in the center, and the lower end of the heavy hanging is directed toward the center of the measurement point. Accordingly, the upper end portion thereof is characterized by comprising a centripetal jig that can always point vertically upward.

Embodiment Next, a preferred embodiment of the centripetal assisting device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the centripetal auxiliary device according to the embodiment includes a tripod leg head 68 to which a surveying machine (not shown) such as a transit is attached.
It basically consists of a combination of a horizontal auxiliary tool 44 that is removably placed on the survey site, and a centripetal jig 10 that is installed directly above the 81IIm stud 70 that is driven into the survey site and forms the 9th measurement point. . That is, the horizontal aid 44 is attached to the tripod 6 as shown in FIG.
It is removably mounted on the leg head 68 of No. 6, and is used by obtaining a horizontal level with a spirit level 64 provided thereon. Moreover, the centripetal jig 10 has the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, and by directing the lower end of the heavy hanging 26, which is swingably supported via a gimbal mechanism, toward the center of the surveying silver 70. , so that its upper end can always point vertically upward.

(Regarding the Centripetal Jig 10) First, for convenience of explanation, the configuration of the centripetal jig 10 will be described with reference to the drawings. As is clear from FIGS. 2 to 4, especially FIG.
The holding stand 15 is supported by a holding stand 15, and a heavy hanging stand 15 is held in a vertical position through a gimbal mechanism (gimbals) in its center through hole. Holding stand 1 forming the main body part
5 is composed of an upper holding body 14 having a large-diameter through hole 24 at its center, and a lower holding body 12 having a large-diameter through hole 20 at its center. Accommodating grooves 16 are bored on the outer periphery of the lower holding body 12 at each vertex of a virtual equilateral triangle, and in each of these corresponding accommodating grooves 16, a head 22 of a leg 18 having the shape shown in the figure is inserted.
It is designed to be inserted so that the angle can be adjusted freely. The upper holder 14 is also provided with a housing groove (not shown) corresponding to the housing groove 16 on its back side, and when the upper holder 14 is attached to the lower holder 2, , and is fixed with a set screw 19 shown in FIG. It is recommended that the leg part 18 has a free stop mechanism in which the head part 22 and the accommodation groove 16 are elastically engaged so that the opening angle with respect to the holding base 15 can be freely adjusted. In addition, the tips of the legs 18 are designed so that they can be reliably installed even on inclined surfaces.
It is preferable to process it into a sharp state.

A gimbal mechanism, which will be described later, is installed inside the large-diameter through hole 20 in the lower holder 12, so that the gimbal mechanism 26 is supported so as to be able to swing freely in the horizontal direction. That is, in FIGS. 2 and 5, the reference numeral 36 indicates a ring having a predetermined width and having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the large diameter through hole 2o of the lower holding body 12. Pivot seats 31, 31 are recessed.

Further, a pivot screw 40.40 having a conical tip can be screwed into a threaded hole 42.42 formed in a predetermined position of the lower holder 12 in an opposing manner.

Then, the ring 36 is attached to the large diameter through hole 2 of the lower holding body 12.
0, and by fitting the sharp ends of the pivot screws 40 and 40 into the corresponding pivot seats 31 and 31, the ring 36 is swung relative to the horizontal plane in the large diameter through hole 20. Can be supported freely.

Next, the jute 26 is made of metal with sufficient weight, and as shown in FIG.
0, a disc-shaped main body 32 having a maximum diameter, and the main body 3
2, and a rod 34 extending straight upward from the cylindrical portion 28, these members are integrally constructed with their central axes aligned with each other.

The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 28 of the cylindrical portion 26 is set smaller than the inner diameter of the ring 36, so that the cylindrical portion 28 can be inserted into the ring 36.

On the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 28, a pair of pivot seats 29.
29 is recessed, and threaded holes 38 and 38 are formed through the ring 36 at required opposing locations.

Then, the pivot screws 41, 41 having conical tips are screwed into the screw holes 38, 38, and the
The cylindrical portion 28 of the ring 36 faces the through hole portion of the ring 36 concentrically. Next, by fitting the tips of these pivot screws 41, 41 into the pivot seats 29, 29 of the cylindrical portion 28, the heavy hanging 26 can be supported swingably in a horizontal plane with respect to the ring 36.

In this case, the pivot pins 40.40 and 9.40 supporting the ring 36. @ Pivot screw 41 that supports the hanging 26
, 41 are arranged perpendicular to each other in the horizontal plane as shown in FIG. Since the jute 26 has sufficient weight as described above, its conical portion 30 always points straight down, and the rod 34 extending on the opposite side always points vertically upward. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, even if the land is sloping, if this centripetal jig 10 is installed with the legs 18 open, the single-layer hanging 26 will be finally stabilized by the gimbal mechanism, and the conical part will become stable. 30 points toward the surveying stud 70, and the rod 3
4 is directed vertically upward.

Note that the tip of the conical portion 30 in the single-fold hanging 26 is sharp and is dangerous to handle, and if the tip comes into contact with an object during handling and bends or wears out, sufficient accuracy may not be obtained. It disappears. Therefore, in order to prevent this, it is recommended to provide the conical portion 30 as a separate body from the vertical body 32, as shown in FIG. That is, by forming the male threaded part 33 at the top of the conical part 30 and screwing it into the female threaded part of the recessed part 35 in the main body 32, the conical part 3
0 is detachably attached to the main body 32. When the jute 26 is not in use, the five-conical part 30 is inverted as shown in FIG.
The male threaded portion 33 is screwed into the recess 35 and stored in a state where the device is exposed.

(Regarding the horizontal auxiliary tool 44) Next, the horizontal auxiliary tool 44 will be explained. This horizontal aid 44 has a cylindrical main body 46 having a sufficiently large diameter, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

The lower part of the main body 46, which basically consists of an adjustment ring 48 closely interposed on the outer periphery, is formed as a conically tapered surface 54, and the legs of the tripod 66 are formed as a conical tapered surface 54, as will be described later with respect to FIGS. 8 and 9. Even if there are differences in the center hole provided in the head 68 between manufacturers, this can be easily adapted to. Further, a cylindrical recess 56 is formed inside the conical tapered surface 54.

A through hole 58 of a required diameter is perpendicularly bored in the center thereof. A long cylindrical body 60 having a peep hole 62 is screwed and fixed to the through hole 58 in a detachable manner.

Further, the adjusting ring 48 has two long holes 50, 50 correspondingly bored in its outer periphery, and two correspondingly threaded holes 51, 51 in the side surface of the main body 46. By inserting adjustment bolts 52 into each of these elongated holes 50 and screwing them into the screw holes 51 of the main body 46, the adjustment ring 48 can be fixed to the main body 46 in a height-adjustable manner. ing. In addition, on the top of the main body 46,
A spirit level 64 is provided for obtaining horizontal level.

Operation of the Embodiment Next, the actual use of the centripetal auxiliary device constructed as described above will be explained. In use, as shown in FIG. 1, the tripod 66 is opened and set so that the leg head 68 is above the 8III level stud 70, and then the above-mentioned horizontal aid 44 is set on the leg head 68. do.

In this case, a vertical center hole 69 is bored in the leg head 68, but the inner diameter of this center hole 69 differs depending on the manufacturer. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
If the center hole 69 of 8 is sufficiently large, the main body 46 is placed on the top of the 1 leg head 68, and the level of the main body 46 is obtained using the level 64 attached to the 1 main body 46.

However, if the center hole 69 of the monopod head 68 is small as shown in FIG. , fixing the adjustment ring 48 and the main body 46. As a result, the conical tapered surface 54 of the horizontal support tool 44 faces the small-diameter center through hole 69, and the main body 46
8 and is stably placed on the top of the leg head 68. and.

The body 46 is kept level by the provided water dispenser 64.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the legs 18 of the centripetal jig 10 are opened to a required angle, and the jig is placed on the surveying site so that it is located approximately directly above the pins a1g and the studs 7o, which will be the measuring points.

At this time, the tip of the conical part 30 in the quintuple hanging 26 is directed toward the cross carved in the head of the surveying stud 70. At this time, Judare 26.

Under the action of the gimbal mechanism described above, the left and right horizontal balance is maintained and stabilized, and finally the rod 34 is accurately oriented vertically upward. Namely.

When the conical part 30 of the plumb 26 points toward the cross section of the surveying stud 70, the rod 34 extends vertically above the survey point. Therefore, in this state, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. The top of 34 can be seen.

As shown in FIG. 5, the top of the rod 34
If it is observed to be approximately concentric with the main body 32 of the tripod 66, the vertical center between the leg head 68 of the tripod 66 and the measuring pin 70, which is the measuring point, has now been approximately determined. After the vertical center between the leg head 68 and the surveying stud 70 is approximately obtained in this way,
The horizontal support 44 is removed from the leg head 68 and the leg head 68 is
Heavy machinery such as transit will be installed in the area. Thereafter, the vertical center between the surveying instrument and the surveying stud 70 can be successively accurately determined using the centripetal telescope as before.

In addition, the centripetal aid according to the embodiment includes a horizontal aid 44 placed on the tripod leg head, and a bolt 81q' attached to the stud 7 at the site.
0, but it is also proposed to use only the centripetal jig 10 as another usage. In other words, the surveying stud 70 that serves as a measuring point is often obstructed by surrounding obstacles and cannot be seen directly from the transit.Therefore, poles are erected on the measuring point, but accuracy is required. In surveying, it is important that the pole stands vertically from the survey point. However, it is generally difficult to install poles vertically.

Therefore, the above-mentioned centripetal jig 10 is set directly above the surveying stud 70 that is to be measured. In this case, the centripetal jig 1
If the rod 34 at 0 is set relatively long, the top of the rod 34 can be easily and directly viewed from a transit station far from the measurement point. According to this centripetal aid, when a tripod to which a heavy machine such as a transit is attached is installed directly above a measurement point at a survey site, the leg head of the tripod can be easily adjusted without using a plumb bob. The vertical center between the point and the point can be quickly determined. Therefore.

Regardless of whether one is an expert or a beginner, the time required for this centripetal work can be shortened and the surveying work can be streamlined.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view showing a preferred embodiment of the centripetal auxiliary device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the centripetal jig, which constitutes one important component of the centripetal auxiliary device, and FIG. 3 2 is an exploded perspective view of the centripetal jig shown in FIG. 2. FIG. Fig. 4 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view showing the state in which the centripetal jig is installed on the measurement point, Fig. 5 is a plan view in the state shown in Fig. 4,
FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of the horizontal assisting device which constitutes the other important component of the centripetal assisting device, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the horizontal assisting device shown in FIG. 6, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the horizontal assisting device is placed on the leg head of a tripod; FIG. Fig. 12 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view showing the conical part screwed into the main body of the jutare, and Fig. 12 shows the state where the conical part is inverted and its pointed part is housed and attached in the recess of the jutaru main body. It is a partially cutaway sectional view. 10... Centripetal jig 20.24... Through hole 58.62... Through hole part 68... Leg head 18... Leg part 26... Rider 66... Tripod 70...・ΔJll Point FIG, 2 FIG, 5 20.24...Through hole 26...Sunitari FIG, 4 FIG, 6 /, Ft FIG 7 L 44...Water 11/Auxiliary tool 5862...Through hole Part/U 70...Measuring point 0 FIG, 10 FIG, 11 Fl (3, 12

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] A pedestal (on which a surveying machine such as a transit is installed)
An auxiliary device for determining the vertical center between the leg head (68) and the measuring point (70) by installing a tripod (66) having a tripod (68) directly above the measuring point (70), , is removably mounted on the leg head (68) of the tripod (66), and is capable of adjusting the horizontal level as such, and also allows the lower said A horizontal auxiliary tool (44) has a through hole (58, 62) through which the measuring point (70) can be viewed, and a horizontal support (44) has an angle-adjustable leg (18) and has a through hole (24, 20) provided in the center. ) is equipped with a jute (26) that is swingably supported via a gimbal mechanism, and this jute (26)
a centripetal jig (10) whose lower end is directed toward the center of the measurement point (70) so that its upper end can always be directed vertically upward; Ingredients. [2] The jute (26) has a disc-shaped main body (32) having the maximum diameter, a sharp conical part (30) located directly below the main body (32) and pointing downward, and the main body ( It consists of a cylindrical part (28) located directly above the cylindrical part (32), and a rod (34) extending upward from the cylindrical part (28).
34, 28, 32, 30) are configured to mutually align their central axes. [3] The gimbal mechanism includes a through hole (2) of a holding base (15) in a centripetal jig (10).
4, 20), and a ring (36) that is pivotally supported by two pivot screws (40, 40) that protrudes horizontally from this holding base (15) and can swing freely; The cylindrical part (28) faces the hole, and the ring (26) is pivotally supported by two pivot screws (41, 41) horizontally protruding from the ring (36) so as to be swingable. The centripetal aid according to claim 1.