JPH03221163A - Apparatus for collecting blood component - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To certainly collect an objective component by constituting a separation container centrifugally separating stored blood of a disc-shaped planar bag made of a flexible resin film having a freely rotatable gastight access port connected to the tube to an external circuit provided to the center of the planar surface thereof. CONSTITUTION:A blood collecting meter 2, a tube 3, a pump 5, a separation container 7, a centrifugal separator 6, a sensor 10 and a controller 11 are provided. The separation container 7 centrifugally separating stored blood 1 is composed of a disc-shaped planar bag having a symmetric shape with respect to the center thereof and having a freely rotatable gastight access port 8 connected to the tube 3 to an external circuit provided to the center of the planar surface thereof and made of a flexible gastight plastic film permitting the volume of the bag to change according to the amount of blood in the bag. As a result, an objective component can be simply and certainly collected. This container is improved in separation capacity as compared with a spherical container having a small diameter. Further, since blood is made possible not to come into contact with air through the entire process, adverse effect such as coagulation is reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Field of Industrial Application When blood is collected through blood donation, etc., only the necessary components of the blood are collected by centrifugation.

B. Conventional technology A spherical separation container for centrifuging stored blood by placing it in a centrifuge has a spindle-shaped cavity or a crescent-shaped cavity in cross section on one side by crushing the central part, and is filled with blood. While rotating and centrifuging, unseparated blood was injected from the periphery or from below and pushed, thereby pushing out the separated components from the center or above from the outlet.

C1 Problems to be Solved by the Invention Since there is a considerable volume inside the sphere, problems such as coagulation occur because the operation has to be performed while replacing air. In addition, it has to be spherical, and the radius of the spherical shape is small, and the volume cannot be increased very much.As a result, the separation performance is poor, and it is difficult to aspirate platelets, which are a small amount of components. Moreover, a crescent-shaped molded product with two layers of slightly sloped inner walls was naturally difficult and expensive to manufacture.

Means for solving the D1 problem: The separation container is a disk-shaped bag or a planar bag symmetrical about the center, and the rotatable and airtight opening and the end to the inside of the bag are connected to the planar center of the bag. The bag is made of flexible, airtight plastic film, etc., and the volume changes depending on the amount of contents.

Furthermore, a plurality of tube-shaped paths were provided radially on one side of the inside of the bag so that blood injected from the center was guided near the circumference without mixing with the blood inside the bag.

81 Effect Since the separation container is a flexible bag, if it is injected through the central entrance and exit, centrifuged, and suctioned through the same opening, it can be sucked out without being pushed by atmospheric pressure and replaced with other blood, air, etc.

Furthermore, once the light component near the center has been suctioned, the next light component comes to the center, and so on, so it is possible to suction sequentially, so we aimed at this by determining the boundary between the components using a sensor and a three-way valve and switching the circuit. I was able to get the ingredients.

In addition, the radial path allows unseparated blood to be replenished without disturbing the light components of the blood that has already been centrifuged inside, so the lighter components are continuously returned to the donor while the heavier components are stored. It was also possible to extract heavy components.

F. Example To explain the present invention with drawings, Fig. 1 is a simple schematic diagram showing an example of the use of the separation container of the present invention. Via a valve 4 and a tube pump 5, the liquid is introduced into a separation container 7 of the present invention mounted on a centrifugal separator 6 through an airtight and rotatable inlet/outlet 8 at its center, and stored therein.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, this separation container 7 is made of two overlapping flexible plastic films, such as polyethylene laminated with nylon, each having a centrally symmetrical shape such as a circle or a regular polygon. and heat seal the entire periphery to make a sealed bag. The entrance/exit 8 is molded out of polyethylene, etc., and heat-sealed in the center in advance.A durable and reliable method is to provide a thin adhesive margin around the entire circumference of the base of the entrance, and then attach it to a perforated plastic film. All you have to do is pass it through the opening and heat and press the overlapped part of the adhesive and film from the film piece.

A cross section passing through the center is shown in FIG. 3 when it is empty without blood, and in FIG. 4 when it is filled with blood 1 and separated by centrifugation 6.

In this state, when the tube pump 5 is reversed and suction is drawn from the inlet/outlet 8, the end of the inlet/outlet does not go deep into the interior and is held at the center of the bag, so the specific gravity that is separated and located near the center The smallest amount of plasma is aspirated out. If plasma is not needed, leave the three-way valve 4 as it is and return it to the blood vessel through the blood collection needle 2. If necessary, after the unseparated blood has passed, this boundary is detected by a sensor 10 inserted in the middle of the circuit, and the controller 11, the three-way valve 4 is switched and the water is stored in the storage bag 9.

As the suction continues, the separation container 7, which is a bag, shrinks under the pressure of atmospheric pressure, and the next platelet with a smaller specific gravity approaches the center and is sucked out.This can then be pumped into the storage bag 9, so the separation container 7 continues as it is. As suction continues, the separation container shrinks and white blood cells with the next specific gravity begin to be sucked out.Normally this is not necessary, so the sensor IO detects this boundary and moves the three-way valve 4 to return it to the blood vessel.These days, even if the rotation is stopped, good. If even the red blood cells with the highest specific gravity are sucked all the way from the separation container 7 and returned to the blood vessel, the cycle ends.

The above is for collecting platelets, which are most needed in blood transfusions, but the same procedure can be used when collecting other components. The number of cycles to repeat depends on the amount of components to be collected and the size of the separation container, but by using two separation containers of the present invention alternately by switching them with another three-way valve, the blood collection needle 2 can be used at all times. It is also possible to prevent blood from flowing back and forth between the tube 3, the three-way valve 4, and the pump 5, thereby making it difficult for blood to coagulate. The tube pump may be another type of bong 1, but it is convenient because contamination can be prevented by simply replacing the tube.

As can be seen from Figures 2 to 4, the separation container 7 is just a bag, so it has an extremely simple structure, but if it is made thinner and has a larger radius, the separation performance will be better. As shown in Figure 5, make the case 12 hard so that it does not expand too much.
You can also put it in the bag, which will also protect the bag.

In addition, by making the separation container into a shape in which a large number of small bags are attached radially around the periphery of a disc-shaped bag, or a shape in which a large number of radial slits are provided in the periphery of a large disc-shaped bag,
When the centrifugal separator finishes rotating or when the rotation becomes weak, as seen in a cross section passing through the center as shown in Fig. 6, the small bags 4 are removed due to the small or slanted TA platform 13. It is possible to create an effect in which the contents that have a high specific gravity, ie, red blood cells and white blood cells, are difficult to mix with the horizontal portion.

However, even if the shape is not so special, the rotation of the centrifugal separator will slow down by making the separation container a regular disc-shaped one and making the center of the loading platform higher and lower towards the edge.
When the bag of the separation container adjusts to its slope, the separated blood components inside the bag can be suctioned from the central opening, so that centrifugal force and gravity can be used to properly tilt and separate the bag. . In this case, the top surface of the bag is larger than the bottom surface, depending on the material, and the bag has a three-dimensional radius to ensure a gap and prevent wrinkles on the bottom surface.
It is better to make bags by cutting or vacuum forming.

Not only in this case, but also in the case of any shape of bag, in order to suck up the liquid in the corners of the bag, make sure that the center outlet and its vicinity do not come into close contact with the bottom surface and become blocked. It is necessary. For this purpose, it is a good idea to attach a nonwoven fabric to the inner surface of the bag, or to insert a spacer with unevenness or grooves inside.

Therefore, in order to fulfill the function of this spacer and the role of the hard case described above, a disc-shaped molded product is molded together with the entrance and exit, without going all the way to the periphery, and a thin glue margin provided around the entire circumference of the disc is Alternatively, the plastic film of the bag serving as the separation container may be heat-sealed.

To prevent blood coagulation, in addition to operating separation containers in parallel, use materials that are difficult to coagulate for separation containers and circuits, apply anticoagulant substances to the inner wall, and prevent blood from returning to blood vessels. There are countermeasures such as passing it through a filter. In addition, the three-way valve only needs to be able to switch the circuit, and it is also possible to use a three-way joint to crush the outer chisub from the outside using a motor and a cam.

Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, the circuit for the storage bag can be made independent by making the inlet and outlet a double pipe or using a separate tube pump. The advantage of this circuit is that the pump is activated and suctioned only when the target component reaches the center, not in the middle of the circuit where unseparated blood passes, so the stored component is pure. Even in the case shown in the figure, the material of the tube is made of fluororesin, for example, or coated with other suitable substances to reduce blood adhesion, and furthermore, by adding some washing with separated components, it can be made quite pure. It can be extracted as a component.

In addition, as shown in an example manufactured using a transparent material, as shown in Figure 7, on one side of the inside of the bag of the separation container 7, notches (6 places in the figure) of the same shape are cut around the circumference. By overlapping the prepared films and heat sealing, the center of the bag is
A plurality of tubular paths 18 connecting the rotatable and airtight inlet 16, which is provided in a double tubular shape together with the outlet 15, and the opening 17 near the circumference can be provided radially so that the load is evenly distributed. When blood is sent to this separation container 7, as shown in FIG. 7 and its simplified cross-sectional view along ■--■,
Blood entering from the inlet 16 passes through a chevron-shaped path 18,
The main interior of the bag is entered through the opening 17 near the circumference, which is the bottom during centrifugation.

Therefore, unseparated blood can be replenished without disturbing the light components of the blood that has already been centrifuged inside, so the lighter components are continuously sucked out from the outlet 15 and returned to the blood donor, while the heavier components are stored. It is possible, and conversely, the population is 1.
If the tubular path 18 is soaked by suction, a spacer such as a non-woven fabric must be inserted, but it is also possible to take out the heaviest component first.

Note that the central inlet does not have to be provided together with the outlet 15 in the form of a double tube, but it is necessary to provide a hole in the center of the centrifugal separator, but it can also be provided on the opposite side to the outlet.

G1 Effect of the invention A: As suction is drawn from the central entrance and exit, the bag-like separation container deflates due to the atmosphere, allowing suction to be carried out without replacing anything else.
Furthermore, since the suction is carried out in order from the lightest component at the center to the heavier component, the desired component can be easily and reliably collected.

B: Since the bag-shaped separation container is flat and thin, it can be formed into a disk with a large diameter, so it has better separation performance than a spherical container with a small diameter.

The volume of the bag-shaped separation container can be minimized by draining it with a bong, so by first replacing the tube and inlet/outlet that cannot be reduced with air with a small amount of physiological saline, etc., it is possible to minimize the volume throughout the entire process. Since blood is prevented from coming into contact with air, there are fewer adverse effects such as coagulation.

2. Therefore, even if the device malfunctions and the backflow occurs midway or continues to flow backwards without stopping, there is no air in the circuit, so it is safe to avoid injecting into the blood vessels.

Eh, if you use a transparent bag, you can see the inside easily because it is flat.
You can visually check the progress.

Since the bag is made of plastic film or the like, it is much more economical than a molded bag, and since it is thinner, it is easier to stock and handle after use.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a simple schematic diagram of an example of use of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of an example of the present invention, Figs. 3 to 5 are sectional views thereof, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view of another example. . Further, FIG. 7 is a plan view of another example of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line 1--2.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a blood component blood collection device consisting of a blood collection needle, tube, pump, separation container, centrifugal separator, sensor, controller, etc., the separation container for centrifuging the collected blood is disk-shaped or flat and centered. The bag is symmetrical in shape, and has a rotatable, airtight entrance and exit port connected to a tube to the external circuit in the planar center of the bag, and is made of a flexible, airtight plastic film whose volume changes depending on the amount of blood inside. Something characterized by being a bag. (2) A tubular path on one side of a disc-shaped or planar bag that is symmetrical about the center, connecting a rotatable, airtight inlet provided at the center and an opening near the periphery. The separation container according to (1) above, in which a plurality of are provided radially.