JPH0321883Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention is an angle head used for mounting tools such as drills and end mills at a predetermined angle with respect to the main axis of machine tools such as drilling machines, milling machines, and machining centers. More specifically, the present invention relates to an angle head having a structure that cools the cutting edge of a tool and a workpiece.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY Some tool heads used to attach built-in tools to the main shaft of a machining center, for example, are called angle heads, which are capable of cutting workpieces that have an inclined surface inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft. There are things that can be done. That is, this angle head is designed to mount the tool at a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft in order to eliminate the need for troublesome setup work and improve the efficiency of cutting.

In this type of angle head, as with other tool heads, it is necessary to supply cooling cutting oil, air, or oil mist to the cutting edge of the tool in order to extend the life of the tool.

Fig. 3 shows a conventional example of an angle head capable of supplying such cutting oil (or air, oil mist air), in which a vertical position ( The structure is such that cutting oil is jetted to the drill 70 connected to the tip of the angle head 1, which is mounted in a vertical position, to cool the drill 70. In addition,
In the figure, 80 is a workpiece.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when using the cooling mode as in the conventional example described above, the distance between the drill 70 and the nozzle 90 becomes large. It becomes impossible to reliably supply cutting oil to the cutting edge of the drill 70, which is connected to the portion 1a and whose leading edge portion has bitten into the workpiece 80. For this reason, chips, which are the main source of cutting heat, cannot be removed, and a built-up cutting edge is generated, causing the drill to
In addition, cutting heat accumulates in the workpiece 80, causing thermal strain and deformation of the workpiece 80, making it impossible to perform accurate machining.

The problem of poor machining accuracy is that when cutting at high speed using a drill with a cemented carbide chip brazed to the tip of the drill body, the cutting heat that accumulates in the workpiece 80 naturally This is a particularly big problem as it increases. In this case, there is also the problem that the wax may melt due to the high temperature and the chip may come off.

In addition, especially when cutting with a machining center,
Cooling regimes such as those described above would be inadequate. In other words, since cutting with a machining center is performed from rough machining to finishing machining in the same setup, the workpiece 80
How quickly to cool down the cutting heat accumulated during rough machining, and how quickly to cool down the cutting heat generated during rough machining before finishing machining are very important issues for precision machining. be.

Incidentally, the above-mentioned problem also occurs when cutting with other tools other than a drill, such as an end mill, for example.

The present invention was made in order to solve the problems of the conventional technology, and it is possible to reliably cool the cutting edge of the tool and the workpiece, thereby preventing damage to the tool, and to create an angle that allows accurate machining. The purpose is to provide a head.

Means for Solving the Problems The angle head according to the present invention includes a connecting shaft having a bevel gear fitted at the tip thereof and a connecting shaft whose base end is fitted and connected to the main shaft, and a connecting shaft on the distal end side of the connecting shaft. A base end housing rotatably supports the base end housing, and a built-in positioning pin connected to the outer peripheral surface of the base housing engages with a positioning block provided on the machine tool side to prevent rotation of the base end housing. a first fluid passage provided in communication with the connecting shaft and the proximal housing, and a distal housing connected to the distal end side of the proximal housing at a predetermined angle. , an annular body connected to the distal end surface of the distal housing and having a circumferential second fluid passage therein; a distal end connected to the second fluid passage, and a proximal end connected to the first fluid A hose connected to the passage, a plurality of nozzles provided in the circumferential direction of the annular body, rotatably supported in the tip housing at a predetermined angle with respect to the connection shaft, and the bevel gear a tool drive shaft fitted with a bevel gear that meshes with the tool drive shaft, and a tool connected to the tip of the tool drive shaft, the tool drive shaft being connected to the machine tool side through the first and second fluid passages and the nozzle. Cutting oil, air, or oil mist air is supplied from the tool to the cutting edge side of the tool.

Function When appropriate, cooling cutting oil, air, or oil mist air can be reliably supplied from a nozzle located close to the tool to the cutting edge side of the tool biting into the workpiece during cutting.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state in which an angle head according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the head of the present invention) is attached to a machining center.

The proposed head 1 has a connecting shaft 10 provided on the proximal end side.
, a cylindrical proximal housing 20 that rotatably supports the distal end side of the connecting shaft 10 , and a proximal housing 2
0, a cylindrical distal housing 40 coupled to the distal end side of the proximal housing 20 with the axial length direction different by 90 degrees, and a ring coupled to the distal end surface of the distal housing 40. The main components are an oil supply ring 50 as a body, a drill drive shaft 41 rotatably supported within the tip housing 40, and a drill 70 connected to the tip of the drill drive shaft 41. A taper shank 11 provided in the main shaft 2 of the machining center is fitted and connected to a taper hole 3 provided in the main shaft 2 of the machining center.

This attachment is performed by an automatic tool attachment/detachment device of an automatic tool changer (ATC).
is pushed into an engagement groove (or engagement hole) 33 provided in a positioning block 32 of the machining center, thereby preventing the base end housing 20 from rotating.

A round hole 13 is formed in the center of the interior of the connecting shaft 10 from the base end side.
has been drilled. The tip of the round hole 13 is located at a position slightly deviated toward the proximal end from the tip of the connecting shaft 10. A round hole 14 bored radially from the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 10 is communicated with the tip of the round hole 13 . Connecting shaft 1
A bevel gear 17 is connected to the small diameter portion 15 of the 0 with a nut 16.

The distal end side of the connecting shaft 10 has bearings 21, 21 fitted into the proximal end and distal end of the proximal housing 20.
It is rotatably supported by. Numeral 18 is a nut with a bent washer that is fastened to a portion of the connecting shaft 10 near the tip, and positions the bearing 21 on the tip side with respect to the bearing seat 22. The distance between the two bearings 21, 21 is set by a spacer 23. The spacer 23 is engaged with a detent pin 24 driven into the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 10, and is adapted to rotate together with the connecting shaft 10. A round hole 25 that communicates with the round hole 14 is passed through the spacer 23 at a position in the circumferential direction corresponding to the round hole 14, and a step is provided at a position in the axial direction corresponding to the round hole 25 of the base end housing 20. It passes through a round hole 26 in the radial direction. Round hole 1 in communication with these
3, 14, 25, and 26 form the first fluid passage 12. Reference numerals 27, 27, 19, and 19 are O-rings, respectively, which prevent fluids such as cutting oil, air, or oil mist air flowing through the first fluid passage 12 from leaking from the passage, as will be described later. In addition, round hole 26
The formation position of the bearing 21 is not limited to the above-mentioned position; for example, the fitting position of the proximal bearing 21 is set a little closer to the distal end than in the illustrated example, and the bearing 21 is formed at the proximal end of the proximal housing 20. You can.

A bolt 29 connected to the base end side of a hose 28 made of a highly flexible material is fastened to an outlet corresponding to the tip of the first fluid passage 12. The bolt 29 is provided with a round hole (not shown) that allows the first fluid passage 12 and the hose 28 to communicate with each other. The distal end of the hose 28 is connected to an oil supply ring 50, which will be described later.

The distal end housing 40 has a cylindrical shape, and has a 90° axial direction at the distal flange portion of the proximal housing 20.
They are connected in different degrees. A drill 70 is attached to the tip via a nut 71 in the center of the interior of the tip housing 40.
A drill drive shaft 41 connected thereto is rotatably supported. This support is provided by bearings 42 and 42 fitted to the proximal and distal ends of the distal housing 40, respectively.
This is done by A bevel gear 43 that meshes with the bevel gear 17 is fitted into an intermediate portion of the drill drive shaft 41. The angle formed by the two axes of the bevel gear 17 and the bevel gear 43 is set to 90 degrees depending on the manner in which the distal end housing 40 is connected to the proximal end housing 20. With this bevel gear mechanism, the rotational torque of the main shaft 2 is transmitted to the drill drive shaft 41 via the connecting shaft 10.

An annular oil supply ring 50 having a circular second fluid passage 51 formed therein is connected to the distal end surface of the distal end housing 40 . The drill drive shaft 41 is loosely fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the oil supply ring 50. The distal end of the hose 28 is connected to the second fluid passage 51 as described above. This connection is made by fastening a bolt 52, which has a round hole similar to the above and is connected to the tip of the hose 28, to the oil supply ring 50 with the tip of the bolt 52 facing the second fluid passage 51. 53, 53 are O-rings for leakage prevention.

A plurality of nozzles 60 are attached to the tip end surface of the oil supply ring 50 in the circumferential direction, with the tip outlet facing toward the drill 70 side. In this installation, the nozzle 6 is inserted into a plurality of mounting holes 54 provided on the tip side of the oil supply ring 50.
Insert the mounting part 61 with a circular cross section provided at the base end of the screw 6 with the distal end side inclined, and press the distal end of the mounting part 61 into the mounting hole 54 to tighten the set screw 6.
2 is fastened to the oil supply ring 50. In addition,
For this attachment, the lower end surface of the attachment hole 54, which corresponds to the left side in the figure, is a downwardly inclined surface facing outward. The base end of the nozzle 60 is in communication with the second fluid passage 51.

In the proposed head 1 having such a structure, the drill 7
Cooling of the cutting edge during cutting is performed as follows. A fluid supply source (not shown) is provided on the base end side of the main shaft 2 of the machining center, and a cooling fluid such as cutting oil, air, or oil mist air is supplied from this fluid supply source to the first fluid at a predetermined pressure (velocity). The passage 12, the hose 28, and the second fluid passage 51 are sequentially supplied with the fluid, and these fluids are finally supplied to the workpiece 80 from the jetting hole at the tip of the nozzle 60.
This will be ejected toward the cutting edge of the drill 70 during cutting.

Modification FIG. 2 shows a first modification of the head 1 according to the present invention. This first modification takes an embodiment in which the starting end of the first fluid passage 12 is the end face of the large diameter ring portion 110 connected to the proximal end side of the taper shank 11, and other parts are the same as the above embodiment. Therefore, corresponding parts will be given the same numbers and explanations will be omitted, and only the different parts will be explained.

A round hole 4 is bored in a portion of the main shaft 2 corresponding to the starting end 111 of the first fluid passage 12.
A cylindrical body 5 is fitted inside. 6 is round hole 4
This is a coil spring attached to the innermost part of the cylinder body 5, and urges the distal end surface of the cylindrical body 5 to come into contact with the proximal end surface of the large diameter ring part 110. Reference numeral 7 denotes a screw fastened to the main shaft 2 to prevent rotation of the cylinder 4, and a tip pin portion 7a is locked and connected to the engagement groove 5a of the cylinder 5. The base end side of the round hole 4 communicates with a passage 8 connected to the fluid supply source, and fluid such as cutting oil, air, or oil mist air is supplied to the cutting edge of the drill 70 in the same manner as in the above embodiment. It is becoming more and more common. 9, 9 is an O-ring for leakage prevention.

In both illustrated embodiments, the first fluid passageway 12 in the proximal housing 20 and the oiling ring 5
0 is connected to the second fluid passage 51 in the hose 28, the distal end housing 40 can be rotated around the central axis of the proximal end housing 20,
The angle of the drill 70 can also be adjusted without any problem.

In the illustrated embodiment, the drill 70 has been described as a tool, but the head 1 of the present invention can be similarly applied to other tools such as end mills and taps, and can also be applied to machine tools other than machining centers such as drilling machines and milling machines. It can be applied to

Further, when the distal end housing is rotated around the central axis of the proximal end housing, the hose allows the rotation, thereby simplifying the structure of the rotation mechanism.

Effects of the invention When using the head according to the present invention, the distance between the nozzle and the tool can be set much smaller than when using the conventional example described above, so cutting oil, air, oil mist air, etc. can be applied to the cutting edge side of the tool. This means that cooling fluid can be reliably supplied. As a result, chips generated during cutting can be reliably removed, and there is no risk of forming a built-up edge. Also, the cutting heat generated on the cutting edge and workpiece is reliably cooled (heat dissipated).
It will be possible. Therefore, breakage and wear of the tool can be suppressed as much as possible, and machining accuracy can be significantly improved.

Furthermore, for the reasons mentioned above, the head of the present invention is particularly effective when high-speed machining is performed using a tool to which a cemented carbide tip is brazed, or when machining is performed using a machining center.

Further, according to the head of the present invention, the tool can be reliably cooled regardless of the length, diameter, etc. of the tool to be attached.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the angle head according to the present invention. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the head attached to a machining center, and Figure 2 is a modification of the head according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional example. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Main head, 2... Main shaft of machining center, 10... Connection shaft, 12... First fluid passage,
20... Proximal housing, 28... Hose, 30
...Supporting member, 31...Positioning pin, 40...
Tip housing, 41... Drill drive shaft, 50...
...Oil supply ring, 51...Second fluid passage, 60...
Nozzle, 70...Drill, 80...Work.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an angle head for mounting a built-in tool at a predetermined angle with respect to the main shaft of a machine tool, a connecting shaft has a bevel gear fitted to the tip and the base end is fitted and connected to the main shaft. a proximal housing rotatably supporting the distal end side of the connecting shaft; and a proximal housing connected to the outer circumferential surface of the proximal housing;
A support member whose built-in positioning pin engages with a positioning block provided on the machine tool side to prevent rotation of the base end housing, and a support member provided in communication with the interiors of the connecting shaft and the base end housing. a first fluid passage; a distal housing connected to the distal end side of the proximal housing at a predetermined angle; and a distal housing connected to the distal end surface of the distal housing;
an annular body having a circumferential second fluid passage therein; a hose having a distal end connected to the second fluid passage and a proximal end connected to the first fluid passage; a plurality of nozzles provided in the circumferential direction; a tool drive shaft supported in the tip housing at a predetermined angle with respect to the connection shaft, and fitted with a bevel gear that meshes with the bevel gear; a tool connected to the tip of the tool drive shaft, and supplies cutting oil, air, or oil mist air from the machine tool side to the cutting edge side of the tool through the first and second fluid passages and the nozzle. An angle head characterized in that it is adapted to supply.