JPH03200914A - Microscope for operation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size by sharing parts of the optical axes of an illumination optical system, a measurement projection optical system, and a photodetection optical system. CONSTITUTION:This microscope is equipped with the illumination optical system 50 which lights the eyeground through an objective 31, the measurement projection optical system 60 which projects measurement luminous flux upon the eyeground Er through the objective 31, and the photodetection optical system 70 which photodetects the reflected luminous flux of the measurement luminous flux through the objective 31. The optical axis 60a of the measurement light projection system 60 and the optical axis 70a of the measurement light projection system share the same optical axis partially. Further, the optical axis of the photodetection optical system 50 and the optical axis 70a of the measurement projection optical system share the same optical axis partially. Consequently, the illumination optical system 50, measurement optical system 60, and photodetection optical system 70 share the same optical axis partially. Consequently, the microscope for operation can be reduced in size.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a surgical microscope capable of measuring ocular refractive power.

(Prior Art) As such a surgical microscope, one shown in FIG. 6 is known.

In FIG. 6, l is a lamp, and light emitted from the lamp 1 passes through a half mirror 2, a condenser lens 3, a prism-equipped lens 4, and an objective lens 5 to illuminate the anterior segment of the subject @E. Light from the anterior segment of the eye enters the observation eye 7 via the objective lens 5, half mirror 14, variable magnification optical system 6, mirrors 9, 101, and eyepiece 11 and is observed. In addition, 1
2 is a film, and 13 is a strobe.

Further, in FIG. 6, 20 is a light source that illuminates the projection chart 18 having three slits 18a=18c shown in FIG. 7 through the lens element 9. Each slit 18a~
The light beam emitted from the beam 18c is projected onto the fundus Er via the relay lens 17, the half mirror 16, the relay lens 15, the half mirror 14, and the objective lens 5.

The reflected light reflected by the fundus Er is projected onto a light receiving chart 22 conjugate with the projection chart 18 via the objective lens 5, half mirror 14, relay lens 15, half mirror 16, and relay lens 21. The image light from each of the slits 18a to 18c of the projection chart 18 passes through the slits 22a to 22c of the light receiving chart 22 shown in FIG.
detected at c.

Here, the half mirror 14 is moved along the optical axis ○ together with the eye refractometer 24, the best focused image position of each slit is detected from each output of the light receiving elements 23a to 23c, and the image is moved from the initial position to that position. The refractive power of the eye to be examined corresponding to each slit direction is determined from the amount, and the spherical refractive power S1 is calculated by calculation.
Astigmatism degree C1 and astigmatism axis angle A are calculated. That is, here, the refractive power of the eye to be examined is determined by using the fact that the output of the light receiving element is maximum when the projection chart 18 and the light receiving chart 22 are at a conjugate position with respect to the fundus.

Since the surgical microscope allows the refractive power of the eye to be examined to be determined during surgery, the surgery can proceed while checking the condition of the eye to be examined.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, since the above-mentioned surgical microscope has a configuration in which a refractometer is simply added to the microscope, the microscope becomes large and has the problem of interfering with surgical operations. was there.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a surgical microscope that can be miniaturized.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an illumination optical system that illuminates the eye to be examined through an objective lens, and an observation optical system that observes the eye to be examined through the objective lens. a measurement projection optical system that projects a measurement light beam onto the fundus of the eye to be examined via the objective lens, and a light receiving optical system that receives a reflected light beam of the measurement light beam reflected on the fundus of the eye via the objective lens. , the light-receiving optical system is a surgical microscope that includes a light-shielding member that blocks part of the received light beam, and a light-receiving element installed at a position substantially conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined, wherein the light-receiving optical system A measuring unit is provided to measure the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined based on the light intensity distribution of the projected light beam, and a part of the optical axis is shared by the illumination optical system, the measurement projection optical system, and the light receiving optical system. It is characterized by

(Function) According to the present invention, the illumination optical system, the measurement projection optical system, and the light receiving optical system share a part of the optical axis, so that miniaturization can be achieved.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram showing the arrangement of the optical system of a surgical microscope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
0 is an observation optical system for observing the fundus Er of the eye E through the objective lens 31, and 50 is an observation optical system for observing the fundus Er through the objective lens 31.
60 is a measurement projection optical system that projects the measurement light flux onto the fundus Er through the objective lens 31;
Reference numeral 70 denotes a light receiving optical system that receives the reflected light beam of the measurement light beam reflected by the fundus Er through the objective lens 31.

The observation optical system 30 includes a zoom lens 32 and an imaging lens 3.
3, an erecting prism 34, a rhombic prism 35, an eyepiece 3B, and a field diaphragm 37.

The illumination optical system 50 includes a lens 51 with a prism, a visible light transmission filter 52, an illumination field diaphragm 53, a condenser lens 54, and a light source 55.

The measurement projection optical system 60 includes a prism-equipped lens 51, a dichroic mirror 61, a half mirror 62, a slit plate 63 having a reference refractive power and having a conjugate relationship with the fundus Er of the eye E to be examined, a diffuser plate 64, and a red The optical axis Boa of the measurement projection optical system 60 shares a part with the optical axis 50a of the illumination optical system 50.

As shown in FIG. 2, the slit plate 63 is formed with a slit hole 63a that functions as a surface light source.

The light-receiving optical system 70 includes a lens 51 with a prism, a dichroic mirror 61, a light-shielding member 71 that is in a conjugate relationship with the slit plate 63, and a light-receiving element 73 that is conjugate with the pupil Ea. is the optical axis 70 of the measurement projection optical system
It has some parts in common with a. As shown in FIG. 3, the light shielding member 71 is provided with a transmission hole 72 having an edge 72a orthogonal to the meridian of the slit hole 63a of the slit plate 63.

80 is a measurement unit that calculates the eye refractive power of the eye to be examined from the light intensity distribution of the light receiving element 73.

Next, the operation of the surgical microscope of the above embodiment will be explained.

The illumination light emitted from the light source 55 passes through the condenser lens 5
4. Illumination field diaphragm 53, visible light transmission filter 52, dichroic mirror 61, lens with prism 51, objective lens 3
1 to illuminate the eye E to be examined. The reflected light flux at the eye E to be examined is transmitted through the objective lens 31, the zoom lens 32, and the imaging lens 3.
3. The light δ reaches the observation eye 38 via the prisms 34, 35 and the eyepiece 36, and the anterior segment of the subject's eye E is observed.

When measuring the eye refractive power, the light emitting diode 65 emits infrared light. The infrared light emitted from the light emitting diode 65 is transmitted through the diffusion plate 64 and the slit hole 6 of the slit plate 63.
3a1 Eye to be examined E via half mirror 62, dichroic mirror 61, lens with prism 51, objective lens 31
is projected onto the fundus Er. That is, the slit hole 63a
As a result, a slit image is projected onto the fundus Er.

The infrared light forming the slit image is reflected by the fundus Er and reaches the light receiving element 73 via the objective lens 31, prism-equipped lens 51, dichroic mirror 61, half mirror 62, and light shielding member 71.

Here, the relationship between the eye refractive power of the eye E to be examined and the light amount distribution of the light receiving element 73 will be explained based on FIGS. 4(A) to 4(C).

4(A) to (C) schematically show the light flux projected from the center point light source 63c of the surface light source 63b formed by the slit hole 63a and the reflected light flux from the center of the fundus Er. It is. Further, for convenience, a half mirror 62 is arranged in front of the objective lens 31.

FIG. 4(A) shows a state in which the refractive power of the eye E to be examined is the reference refractive power, and the point light source image of the point light source 63c is focused on the fundus Er. An image is formed on the light shielding member 71 in a focused state. In this case, since the light flux of the point light source image is not eclipsed by the light shielding member 71,
The light amount distribution of the pupil image formed on the light receiving element 73 is
It becomes as shown by PaI in Figure (A).

Although not shown, the light flux from the upper side of the fundus Er is completely blocked by the light blocking member 71, and the light flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the light flux becomes as shown in Pa3, and the light flux from the bottom side is blocked by the light blocking member 71. Therefore, the luminous flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the luminous flux becomes Pag. As a result, the total light amount distribution on the light receiving element 73 becomes uniform like Pa.

On the other hand, FIG. 4(B) shows a state in which the refractive power of the eye E to be examined is more negative than the reference, and a blurred point light source image is formed in front of the light shielding member 71, and a part of the point light source image is The light flux is omitted by the light shielding member 71, and the light amount distribution of the pupil image formed on the light receiving element 73 becomes as shown by Pb+ in FIG. 4(B).

Although not shown, the luminous flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the luminous flux from above the fundus Er is as shown in Pb3, and the luminous flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the luminous flux from below is as shown in Pb2.

In other words, the width χ where the light beam exists varies linearly depending on the position of the point light source on the fundus Er. For this reason, the light receiving element 7
Since the total light intensity distribution on 3 is the integral of these,
It becomes inclined as shown in Pb.

FIG. 4(C) shows a state in which the refractive power of the eye E to be examined is more positive than the reference, and a blurred point light source image is formed behind the light shielding member 71, and a part of the light flux of the point light source image is is the light shielding member 7
1, the light amount distribution of the pupil image formed on the light receiving element 73 is as shown by Pct in FIG. 4(C).

Although not shown, the luminous flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the luminous flux from the lower side of the fundus Er is as shown in Pe3, and the luminous flux distribution on the light receiving element 73 due to the luminous flux from the upper side is as shown in Pb2. Similarly to the above, the total light amount distribution on the light receiving element 73 is inclined as shown by Pc.

In this way, the light flux omitted by the light blocking member 71 changes depending on the refractive power of the eye E to be examined, and the light amount distribution of the pupil image formed on the light receiving element 73 differs, and as the refractive power deviates from the reference refractive power, the light amount changes. The slope of the distribution becomes large.

Then, the measurement unit 80 calculates the eye refractive power based on the slope of the light amount distribution.

The principle that the slope of the light intensity distribution of the light receiving element 73 changes depending on the eye refractive power is explained in the previously filed patent application No. 1-24491.
It is explained in detail in the issue.

In the above embodiment, the illumination optical system 50 and the measurement projection optical system 60
Since a part of the optical axis of the optical system 70 and the light receiving optical system 70 are shared, it is possible to downsize the surgical microscope. By achieving this miniaturization, from the objective lens 31 to the eye to be examined E.
The operating distance, which is the distance between the In addition, the subject wi from the eyepiece 36
The operating distance, which is the distance to E, can be shortened, and the eye E to be examined can be observed in a comfortable posture.

Further, since a photorefraction meter is applied to measure the eye refractive power of the eye E to be examined based on the slope of the light intensity distribution of the light beam projected onto the light receiving element 73, the alignment accuracy is rough.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment in which the light source of the verification optical system 50 and the light source of the measurement projection optical system are shared.

In FIG. 5, 91 is a half mirror, and this half mirror 91 is moved to the position shown by the broken line when observing the fundus Er, and inserted into the optical path shown by the solid line when measuring the eye refractive power. 92 is a slit plate; this slit plate 92
Similarly to the above, when observing the fundus Er, it is moved to the position shown by the broken line, and when measuring the eye refractive power, it is inserted into the optical path shown by the solid line.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, the illumination optical system, the measurement projection optical system, and the light receiving optical system share a part of the optical axis, which makes it possible to downsize the microscope. It is possible to aim for
A sufficient working distance can be secured and the operating distance can be shortened. Furthermore, since a photorefraction meter is applied, the alignment accuracy can be rough and the alignment is simple.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic layout diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the optical system of a surgical microscope according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of the slit plate, and Fig. 3 shows the structure of the light shielding member. 4(A) to 4(C) are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the eye refractive power and the slit image and the light amount distribution state of the light receiving element, and FIG. 5 is an explanation of another embodiment. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the optical system of a conventional surgical microscope, Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a projection chart, and Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a light reception chart. be. 30... Observation optical system 31... Objective lens 50... Illumination optical system 55... Light source 60... Measurement projection optical system 70... Light receiving optical system 71... Light blocking member 73... Light-receiving element 80...Measuring units 50a, 60a, 70a-Optical axis E...Eye to be examined Er...Fundus Ea...Pupillary 1 Figure 2 Σ 6th 1/''' 5

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An illumination optical system that illuminates the eye to be examined through an objective lens, an observation optical system that observes the eye to be examined through the objective lens, and projects a measurement light beam onto the fundus of the eye to be examined through the objective lens. and a light-receiving optical system that receives a reflected light beam of the measurement light beam reflected at the fundus of the eye through the objective lens, and the light-receiving optical system includes a light-shielding member that blocks a part of the received light beam. , a surgical microscope having a light-receiving element installed at a substantially conjugate position with the pupil of the eye to be examined, and measuring the ocular refractive power of the eye to be examined based on the light intensity distribution of the light beam projected onto the light-receiving element. A surgical microscope characterized in that the illumination optical system, the measurement projection optical system, and the light receiving optical system share a part of the optical axis. (2) The surgical microscope according to item 1, wherein the light source of the illumination optical system and the light source of the measurement light projection optical system are common.