JPH03184912A - Coccidiostat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an anti-coccidium agent capable of being employed for both the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis without the anxiety of drug resistance capture, adverse reactions, etc., containing at least one selected from 10-17C aliphatic monovalent alcohols and 10-17C aliphatic fatty primary amines as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An anti-coccidium agent contains at least one selected from 10-17C aliphatic monovalent alcohols (e.g. decylalcohol or geraniol) and 10-17C aliphatic saturated primary amines (e.g. decylamine or cetylamine). 14-15C aliphatic saturated monovalent alcohols and 14-16C aliphatic primary amines are especially preferable among the compounds. The anti-coccidium agent prevents the coccidiosis of animals and prevents the death thereof in many cases even when the animals are infected with the coccidium. When administered into animals having been infected with the coccidium, the anti-coccidium agent reduces the symptoms thereof or allows the disappearance of the symptoms to improve the survival rates of the animals.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an anti-coccidial agent capable of preventing and treating coccidiosis in animals.

[Prior Art] Coccidiosis in poultry such as chickens, turkeys, quail, geese, and guinea fowl, livestock such as rabbits, cows, sheep, and pigs, and pets such as dogs and cats is caused by a certain type of parasitic protozoa. It is a contagious disease caused by infection and is occurring widely around the world. For example, in chickens, coccidiosis is caused by Eimeria tenella (E.
imeria tenalla), Eimeria acerpulina (E, acervuline), Eimeria
Eimeria prunetti (E, 16catrix), Eimeria maxima (E. 16catrix), Eimeria maxima (E.

Maxima), etc., are known to occur.

Animals infected with coccidiosis exhibit symptoms such as diarrhea and bloody stool, and their growth is stunted, and when the symptoms become severe, they often die. Therefore, coccidiosis is one of the most devastating diseases, and especially in large numbers. This has become a major problem for poultry farmers.

Conventionally, for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis, chemotherapeutic agents consisting of antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents, and biological preparations such as vaccines have been mainly administered. however,
Chemotherapy agents have the problem of decreasing effectiveness due to the acquisition of resistance, and depending on the dose, side effects may occur. Furthermore, in the case of vaccines, etc., they are only for prevention;
Treatment of poultry already infected with coccidiosis was not effective.

[Contents of the invention 1] The present inventors have discovered that there is no need to worry about the acquisition of resistance or side effects associated with conventional techniques using biological drugs such as chemotherapeutic agents and vaccines, and that it can be used for both prophylaxis and treatment. Research has continued in search of an anti-coccidial agent. As a result, the present invention was completed by discovering that specific alcohols and amines, which are completely different substances from conventional anticoccidial agents, are unexpectedly effective in preventing and treating coccidiosis.

That is, the present invention is an anticoccidial agent containing as an active ingredient at least one selected from aliphatic monohydric alcohols having 10 to 17 carbon atoms and aliphatic saturated primary amines having 10 to 17 carbon atoms.

The aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 10 to 17 carbon atoms used in the present invention is a higher alcohol that is liquid or solid at room temperature. It is usually produced by high-pressure reduction of fatty acid esters with the corresponding number of carbon atoms, alkali saponification of waxes and oils, etc., and is widely used as a raw material for surfactants, plasticizers, synthetic lubricating oils, etc. , conventionally used as a therapeutic agent 3
− is rarely practiced.

Here, the aliphatic group having 10 to 17 carbon atoms in the alcohol may be linear or branched. Further, the aliphatic group may be a saturated aliphatic group or an unsaturated aliphatic group having a carbon-carbon double bond. Furthermore, the - alcoholic hydroxyl group may be bonded to a carbon atom at the end of a long chain of an aliphatic group, or to an intermediate carbon atom, or to a carbon atom in a branched short chain. You may do so. From the viewpoint of anti-coccidiosis effect, ease of availability, etc., fatty acids with 10 to 17 carbon atoms in which the aliphatic group is a linear saturated aliphatic group and a hydroxyl group is bonded to the terminal carbon atom are preferred. Group saturated monohydric alcohols are preferred.

Examples of such alcohols include saturated aliphatic monohydric alcohols such as decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol (dodecyl alcohol), tridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, pentadecyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and heptadecyl alcohol. , geraniol, linalool, phytol, 2.4,
6.8-decatetraen-1-ol, 2.4.6°8
, 10-dodecapenten-1-ol, tripropynyl carbinol, and the like.

Among these, aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly 10°14 to 15 carbon atoms, are preferable because of their remarkable anti-coccidiosis effect.

Furthermore, the aliphatic saturated primary amine having 10 to 17 carbon atoms used in the present invention is a higher amine that is liquid or solid at room temperature, and is usually produced by catalytic reduction of a higher nitrile having the corresponding number of carbon atoms. Shi-ru. Here, the saturated aliphatic group having 10 to 17 carbon atoms in the amine may be linear or branched, and the - amino groups are:
It may be bonded to a carbon atom at the end of a long chain of a saturated aliphatic group, to a carbon atom in the middle of a long chain, or to a branched short chain carbon atom. However, from the viewpoint of anti-coccidiosis effect, ease of availability, etc., aliphatic saturated primary amines in which the saturated aliphatic group is linear and an amino group is bonded to the terminal carbon atom are preferred. .

Examples of aliphatic saturated primary amines having 10 to 17 carbon atoms include decylamine, undecylamine, laurylamine (dodecylamine), tridecylamine, myristylamine, pentadecylamine, cetylamine, heptadecylamine, etc. Among them, aliphatic primary amines having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly 14 to 16 carbon atoms, have remarkable anti-coccidiosis effects and are therefore desirable.

The anti-coccidiosis agent of the present invention is effective for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry such as turkeys, quail, geese, and guinea fowl, livestock such as rabbits, cows, sheep, and pigs, and pets such as dogs and cats. It can be used for. Of course, the anti-coccidiosis agent of the present invention can be used not only for the above-mentioned animals but also for coccidiosis in any animal.

When the anti-coccidiosis agent of the present invention is used for the prevention of coccidiosis, it is possible to prevent coccidiosis infection in animals to which such agent is administered, and even if infected, it often does not lead to death. . Furthermore, when the anti-coccidial agent of the present invention is administered to an animal already infected with coccidiosis, the symptoms are alleviated or eliminated, and the survival rate is improved.

The dosage form of the anticoccidial agent of the present invention may be liquid, semi-solid (for example, paste), or solid, such as liquid, paste, powder, granule, tablet, coated tablet, capsule, pill. Any dosage form can be adopted. In addition, various additives such as excipients, fillers, binders, disintegrants, etc. commonly used in pharmaceuticals can be included as long as they do not interfere with the efficacy as an anticoccidial agent.

In administering the anticoccidial agent of the present invention to animals, both oral and parenteral administration can be adopted. In the case of oral administration, the drug containing the anticoccidial agent of the present invention can be administered directly or together with feed or drinking water. In addition, for parenteral administration, intramuscular administration by injection or coating, intraperitoneal administration, transdermal administration, nasal administration, intravenous administration; Either excretion control or administration into the animal's anus can be adopted.

The administration method is to mix it into the feed, or
It is desirable to dissolve the drug in water and administer it through drinking water from the viewpoint of ease of ingestion and convenience. When administered as a mixture in feed, it is preferably administered at a ratio of about 0.01 to 20% based on the weight of the feed.

The dosage varies depending on the type and condition of the animal, body weight, mode of administration (oral or parenteral administration), number of days of administration, and symptoms if the disease has developed, but in the case of oral administration, usually In the case of parenteral administration, it is administered in the range of 0.005 to 10 g/kg body weight/day over several days to several tens of days.
Usually, it is preferable to administer in the range of 0.001 to 0.2 g/kg body weight/day over several days to several tens of days. For example, 4
When administered orally to 2-day-old broilers, approximately 0.01
at a rate of 5 to 15 g/bird-day, and 20,000 days old -
8= When administered orally to the ear, it is recommended to administer at a rate of about 0.02 to 20 g/bird/day. Moreover, when orally administering at the age of 30,000 days, it is preferable to administer at a rate of about 1 to 50 g/head/day.

[Effects of the Invention] When the anti-coccidial agent of the present invention is used, coccidiosis in various animals can be prevented without causing side effects. In addition, the anti-coccidial agent of the present invention can also be used to treat animals already infected with coccidiosis, and in that case, it can completely cure coccidiosis or alleviate its symptoms. Anticoccidial agents are effective against coccidiosis in poultry.

When the anti-coccidiosis agent of the present invention is used, problems such as the acquisition of resistance, which have traditionally been a problem with chemotherapeutic agents such as antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents, and vaccines, as well as the occurrence of opportunistic infections and intestinal bacterial flora. adverse effects on biological functions due to disturbance of
Environmental pollution can be prevented.

9 Furthermore, the anticoccidial agent of the present invention can be used in combination with other preventive or therapeutic agents for animals.

Moreover, since the anticoccidial agent of the present invention is itself an inherently stable compound, it is extremely easy to manage and handle, and can be used safely and stably for a long period of time.
Can be saved.

The present invention will be specifically explained below by giving examples, but the present invention is not limited by these examples.

Example 1 Eleven plots of 2-day-old male chicks (chicken breed: Babcock) were prepared at a ratio of 5 birds/ plot.

The chicks in control groups 1 and 2 were fed a diet consisting of the following formulation from birth until they were 10 days old, and were allowed to consume it ad libitum.

In addition, for the chicks in control areas 3 and 4 and test areas 1 to 7, each of the compounds shown in Table 1 below was added to the same feed as for control areas 1 and 2, based on the weight of the feed. Similarly, the mice were given 10% supplemented food until they were 10 days old and allowed to take it ad libitum.

[Feed formulation] Corn 40.001 parts My', 22
．． 00 tt defatted rice bran 1.
00 Soybean meal 17.30 t
tFish powder 15. oo
//yellow grease 1.00 //yeast 1.00 //calcium carbonate 1-15 ttcalcium phosphate
1.20 tt vitamin mix 0
．． 3o〃Mineral Mix 0.05 tt
Control areas 2 to 4 excluding control area 1 and test areas 1 to 4
Chicks of age 7 were orally infected with oocysts of the coccidian protozoan Eimeria tenella (Yoshino strain, isolated from the feces of chickens reared in the field) at a rate of 2.1 x 10' oocysts/chick at 3 days old. .

Next, the condition of the feces of the chicks at 8.9 and 10 days of age was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria, and the average condition of the surviving chicks in each group was taken.

In addition, 10-day-old chicks were dissected, and the lesion status of the cecum and the number of oocysts in the cecum were examined according to the following investigation criteria, and the number of chicks in each condition was counted.

Condition of feces: Normal stools+...Less than 20% of feces are bloody ++...20-80% of feces are bloody 1++...More than 80% of feces are bleeding and lesions of the cecum Condition: No macroscopic lesions.

+: Very small amount of bleeding spots on the cecal wall, no thickening of the cecal wall, presence of normal contents.

++: Visible bleeding and many lesions in the cecal contents, slight thickening of the cecal wall, and presence of normal contents.

+++...Profuse bleeding or presence of cecal caseation-like material, thickening of the cecal wall, with little or no content.

12- H+ carcass - caecal wall distended with blood or large cheese-like case-like material, cecal stool is scanty or contained in case-like material, dead chicken is considered +4.

Number of oocysts in the cecum - Cecal content 0. P, G value 0.0~0.1 (
XIO@) 10... // 0.1-1
．． 0 (XIO one++... 〃2.O～5.
0 (XIO')+++...
〃 6,0~10.0 (X 10'
)＋＋＋＋＋・・ 〃 ≧11.0 (
XIO.) The above results are shown in Table 1, along with the mortality rate of chicks that died by 10 days of age and the relative weight gain rate of surviving chicks of 10EI age, which was determined as follows.

1 year old 444: Average weight (g) of 3-day-old chicks in control area 1: Average weight (g) of 10-day-old chicks in control area 1: Average weight of 3-day-old chicks in each test area or control area Body weight (g): Average weight (g) of 10-day-old chicks in each test plot or control plot 13 ■ - h -+ ('J0 0
01) of N ω+ + + + From the results in Table 1 above, the number of carbon atoms of the present invention is 10 to 17
It can be seen that an anti-coccidial agent consisting of an aliphatic monohydric alcohol is extremely effective against coccidiosis.

Example 2 Five plots of 2-day-old male chicks (chicken breed: Babcock) were prepared at a ratio of 5 birds/ plot.

The chicks in Control Groups 1 and 2 were fed the same feed as in Example 1 for 7 days and allowed to eat freely.

In addition, for the chicks in Test Groups 1 to 3, each of the compounds shown in Table 2 below was added to the same feed as for Control Groups 1 and 2 at 10% based on the weight of the feed. The mice were fed ad libitum for 2 or 7 days.

For the chicks in Control Area 2 (excluding Control Area 1) and Test Areas 1 to 3, 2. l
The infection was carried out orally at a rate of X 10' birds/wing.

15- After examining the fecal condition of 9-day-old chicks in the same manner as in Example 1, the chicks were dissected and the lesion state of the cecum and the number of oocysts in the cecum were examined according to the same research criteria as in Example 1. The number of chicks in the condition was counted.

The above results are shown in Table 2 along with the mortality rate of chicks that died from the time of oocyst provision to the age of 9 days.

16- From the results in Table 2 above, the number of carbon atoms of the present invention is 10 to 17
Anticoccidial agents consisting of aliphatic saturated primary amines are found to be extremely effective against coccidiosis.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An anticoccidial agent containing at least one selected from aliphatic monohydric alcohols having 10 to 17 carbon atoms and aliphatic saturated primary amines having 10 to 17 carbon atoms as an active ingredient.