JPH03184680A - Friction welding equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve durability of an entire phase fitting mechanism by arranging a lever on a transmission system of a phase fitting element and adopting a damper device to absorb impact at the time of stopping. CONSTITUTION:Two facing materials 5 and 9 are held by holding devices (chucks) 4 and 8 at the specified phase and these are energized in the approaching direction. A spindle 3 is driven by an adjustable speed motor 15. The spindle 3 is engaged with clutch devices 17 and 19 at the specified phase according to a command signal related to speed reduction shift of the motor 15. One end of a stopping device is engaged with the other end of the lever 23 which is engaged with the clutch devices 17 and 19 and oscillates and direct- acts it and the stopping position of the spindle 3 is regulated and made returnable. The damper device follows the stopping device and resistance is applied to rotation of the spindle 3. A stopping shock absorber restricts an operating end of the stopping device consisting of a laminated elastic body. By this method, a high output motor to overcome resistance variation of the material friction surface can be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a friction welding device, and more particularly to a device for completing pressure welding while maintaining the mutual phase angle of materials to be welded under a specific condition.

[Conventional technology] In friction welding, joining two materials whose cross sections have already been determined in the previous process in a specific phase expands the application of friction welding, which has excellent processing time and physical properties of the joint. Therefore, its importance is extremely high.

Therefore, several prior art techniques are known regarding such constant phase pressure welding means. For example, the special public service
9@The invention disclosed in the publication performs a preparatory step for phase correction by coupling a cylinder device for phase correction and a main shaft to a specific phase via a clutch device during a low-speed rotation process of relatively rotating image materials. After finishing, the rotational input to the spindle system is continued and resistance is added to the cylinder device to rapidly decelerate it, and the cylinder device is stopped at the working end to simultaneously complete the press contact and phasing of the image material. It is. When using this method, in order to perform phase alignment accurately, it is necessary to ensure that the cylinder device for phase correction reaches the working end, and in order to increase the dimensional accuracy of the overall length, the rotation during phase correction is required. It is necessary to set the speed to a relatively high rotational speed of at least about 300 rpm.

However, during phase correction, the load applied to the rotational input (driving force) of the main shaft is not only the preset resistance given by limiting the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder device for rapid deceleration of the main shaft, but also the actual load. The rotational resistance (#torque) generated at the joint surface of the image material is added to this, and this rotational resistance always changes depending on the material and dimensions of the material, so the load that changes each time we press is In order to overcome resistance and ensure that the cylinder device reaches the operating end, that is, to achieve accurate phase alignment, it is necessary to provide a motor with a large output for driving the main shaft. However, when using a large-output electric motor, the impact at the operating end of the cylinder device inevitably becomes large, and the impact causes the clutches and gears in the drive system that connects to the cylinder device, especially the gears, to become Only the teeth will be damaged by heavy impact, so if you improve the rigidity to protect them, the inertia of the drive system will increase and the impact will be more severe when the cylinder device reaches the operating end. As a result, the value becomes larger and larger. Of course, if the rotational speed during phase correction is set to a low speed, for example, about 100 to 120 pm, in order to reduce this impact, it is obvious that it will be difficult to maintain the pressure contact strength and dimensional accuracy.

In addition, in order to eliminate such problems,
The invention disclosed in Publication No. 2557 uses a drive separate from the main drive system to add resistance to a rotating system containing the material to bring it to a sudden stop without cutting off the rotational input of the main drive system to the material rotating at low speed. By adding power (adding hydraulic pressure to the cylinder device) to assist rotation with the system,
The impact generated when aligning the image materials is dispersed to both drive systems.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned friction welding method and device simply provide a throttle in the cylinder device to add resistance to the rotation of the main shaft, so the WIJ at the working end of the cylinder device The degree of absorption of impact energy is extremely low, and therefore, the problem of premature damage to gears and racks used in the transmission means between the clutch device and the cylinder device is still far from being solved.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned problems by employing a transmission means in place of gears and a dedicated damper device having a strong impact energy absorption ability.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a gripping device that grips two facing materials in a predetermined phase, a device that biases the re-gripping device in a direction toward each other, a variable-speed electric motor that drives a main shaft having one gripping device; a clutch device that engages the main shaft at a specific phase in accordance with a command signal related to deceleration transition of the motor; and one end that engages the clutch device. a returnable stop device that engages with the other end of the horizontal rod and moves in a direct manner to regulate the stop phase of the main shaft; and a damper device that follows the stop device and adds resistance to the rotation of the main shaft. and a stop shock absorber made of a pre-compressed laminated elastic body for restraining the operating end of the stop device.

In a more preferred form of the present invention, the stopping device includes a sensor that detects the amount of physical displacement based on the stopping impact, and a warning device that warns of overload of the stopping device according to the detected value of the sensor, The above-mentioned stop shock absorber is equipped with a replaceable phase angle adjustment spacer.

[Operation] In the present invention, since the clutch device and the stop device are interlocked and connected via the horizontal rod which has high geometrical rigidity, the phasing element is prevented from being damaged at an early stage, which can occur due to damage to the teeth of gears or racks. No deterioration occurs at all, and even when using an electric motor with sufficient output to overcome the unstable frictional torque generated on the joint surfaces of the art materials, the dedicated damper device effectively resists rotational input through the stop device. By cooperating with the stop M'fjJ device, the operating end of the stop device is accurately restrained while effectively absorbing impact energy, achieving highly accurate phase alignment without compromising pressure welding strength or dimensional accuracy. can do.

[Examples] Hereinafter, illustrated embodiments embodying the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIG.
One of the materials 5, which is held concentrically with the main shaft 3 via a chuck 4, is held in the axial direction of the main shaft 3 by a sliding table 6 integrated with the housing 1. It is brought into frictional contact with the other material 9 held by the chuck 8 via the slidable table 7. For this purpose, the table 7 can be brought close to, separated from, and pressurized by the hydraulic device 10 with respect to the main shaft 3. The main shaft 3 has a pulley 11 and a belt 12
, is rotationally driven by a pole change type AC motor 15 via a pulley 13 and an electromagnetic clutch 14. The rotational speed of the peak conversion type AC motor 15 changes by changing the number of poles. In this embodiment, the high rotational speed applied to the main shaft 3 is 180 Orpm for frictional heat generation, and the rotation speed applied to the main shaft 3 is 180 Orpm for phase correction. It is set so that the low speed rotation speed given is 30 Orpm, and the rotation system is set to 180 rpm.
Rapid deceleration from a high speed of m to a low speed of 30 rpm is performed using regenerative braking of the motor itself when changing the number of poles.

A cam clutch 17 having an integral pawl 16 is provided on the opposite side of the main shaft 3 from the chuck 4.
A clutch 19 with a cam 8 is slidably supported on a shaft 20 by a key 21, and the shaft 20 is supported on the main shaft 3 and the housing 1 so as to be concentric with the main shaft 3 and rotatable relative to the main shaft 3. When the clutch 19 is slid to the right in FIG. 1 by a clutch sliding lever 24 that is pivotally supported on the housing 1 via a pin 24a, the claws 18 and 16 engage, and the clutch 7 and is engaged, and on the other hand, when it is opened to the left, the engagement is released. Clutch 1 as shown in Figure 4
The g-movement lever 24 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 25 via a bottle 24b.
The piston 26 and the yoke 27 integrated with the piston 26 are always pulled to the right in the figure against the tension of the spring 28, and therefore the clutches 17 and 19 are always kept in a disengaged state, but the rod side of the piston 26 When the pressure oil is released (if necessary, connecting the rod-side chamber to the tank), the tension of the spring 28 allows the clutches 17 and 19 to be engaged.

On the other hand, a main body 31 of a stop device 30 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is coupled to the housing 1, and an upper exposed end of an intermediate shaft 32 inserted into the main body 31 is connected to the main body 31. A positioning plate 33 facing the seat plate portion 31a of 31 is fastened.

A flange portion 31b extending from the main body 31 is provided with an IN] 22 that is parallel to the shaft 20.
One end of the horizontal rod 23 pivotally supported by the clutch 19 engages with a hook portion 19a formed integrally with the clutch 19, and the other end of the horizontal rod 23 is connected to the intermediate shaft 32 through a notch 31c of the main body 31. is engaged with the hook portion 32a of. The lower part of the main body 31 in the figure is formed into a cylinder chamber 34 that urges the positioning plate 33 to return to its normal state through an intermediate shaft 32, and a piston 35 on a rod extending integrally from the intermediate shaft 32 is formed in the cylinder chamber 34.
4 is inserted. Note that Sv is an electromagnetic switching valve that supplies and discharges pressure oil to and from the cylinder chamber 34 via the boat 36a, and PV is a prefill valve that supplies and discharges hydraulic oil to and from the back pressure chamber 34- via the boat 36b under pilot control. be.

A pair of push rods 37 are vertically installed on the positioning plate 33 at symmetrical positions spanning the body of the main body 31, and the push rods 37 are guided by a sleeve 38 fixed on the seat plate portion 31a. , the lower end surfaces thereof are configured to interfere with piston caps 41 of damper devices 40, which are respectively mounted concentrically on the lower surface of the seat plate portion 31a. Although the details of the damper device 40 are not shown, when the internal piston is pushed through the abutted piston cap 41 by the pushing rod 37 that operates (descends) together with the positioning plate 33, the damper device 40 is installed on the side surface of the cylinder. Hydraulic oil is ejected from the orifice group, and impact energy (rotational energy of the main shaft 3) is converted into thermal energy due to dynamic pressure resistance loss at the time of ejection, and this thermal energy is released from the surface of the damper device 40 into the atmosphere. The damper device 40 is configured to naturally dissipate heat.In other words, the energy absorption of the damper device 40 adds effective resistance to the rotation of the main shaft 3 via a series of transmission systems.

On the seat plate portion 31a, a horseshoe-shaped stop buffer device 42 for restraining the operating end of the positioning plate 33 is further mounted on the intermediate shaft 32.
The stop buffer device 42 is arranged so as to surround the stop shock absorber 42.
A required precompression is applied to a laminated elastic body 43 made of flat plate-shaped urethane rubber interposed therein by an adjustment bolt 44 . In addition, 45 is a replaceable spacer that is heavily mounted for phase angle adjustment, and 50 is an intermediate Nl based on the stopping impact.
A sensor consisting of a strain gauge, for example, detects the amount of physical displacement (elongation) of 32, and uses a predetermined detection value to warn of an overload on the stop device 40 via a warning device (not shown), thereby controlling the pressure welding conditions, etc. This will contribute to consideration and changes.

This embodiment is constructed as described above, and its operation will be explained below. The two materials 5 and 9 are held between the chucks 4 and 8 at preset phases, and with the electromagnetic clutch 14 in contact, the main shaft 3 is rotated at a specified high speed by the pole change type AC motor 15, e.g. 1
While rotating at 800 ppm, the table 7 is moved forward (toward the left in the figure) along the slide table 6 by the hydraulic device 10, and the image material 5.9 is brought into contact and friction under a certain pressure.

The friction heat generation process is completed when the contact portion of the image material 5.9 reaches a temperature sufficient for welding (point A in FIG. 6), and this time is detected by a timer or the amount of swaging. The number of poles of the pole-changing AC motor 15 is changed by this detection signal, and the main shaft 3 rapidly rotates until it reaches a specified low speed rotation speed, for example, 300 rpm (point B in Fig. 6) due to the regenerative braking of the motor 15 itself. The speed is reduced to

The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 25 is released at the same time or with a slight delay from the above detection signal, and the clutch 19 is released by the spring 28 (or by actively applying pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 25 from the opposite side) via the clutch opening lever 24.
When the clutch 19 is opened to the right in the figure along the shaft 20, the clutch 19 is engaged with the clutch 17 rotating together with the main shaft 3 as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, and the phase correction device (clutch 19 , including the ram 23 and the stop device 30> and the main shaft 3
are combined into a constant phase relationship, completing the preliminary step for phase correction.

In connection with this engagement operation of the clutch 19, the electromagnetic switching valve S■
is switched from position a to position b, and as the clutch 19 rotates, the lever 23 that engages with the hook 19a on the clutch 19 swings around the shaft 22, and at the same time, the symmetrical end of the lever 23 engages. Through the hook portion 32a, the intermediate shaft 32, which had been at the rising end, is also moved directly downward (Fig. 2). The pushing rod 37 that is connected and descends is connected to the piston cap 4.
1 and pushes in a cylinder (not shown) in the damper device 40, which absorbs the impact energy through the unique function of the damper device 40, that is, the dynamic pressure resistance loss accompanying the jetting of hydraulic oil from the orifice group, and improves the transmission system. through spindle 3
Rapid resistance (braking) is added to the rotation of the

In this way, the main shaft 3 is decelerated while continuing to be driven by the pole change type AC motor 15, and the positioning plate 3
3 collides with the stop buffer device 42 and the laminated elastic body 43 is elastically displaced, the downward movement of the stop device 30 is stopped, and the phases of the image materials 5.9 are aligned by the fixed phase stop of the main shaft 3. Thereafter, the friction welding is completed after disengaging the clutch 14 and continuing the upset pressurization for a while. In this case, the repulsive force of the stop impact acts on the intermediate shaft 32 at the operating end of the stop device 30, but while the intermediate shaft 32 is descending, hydraulic oil is supplied to the back pressure chamber 34- via the prefill valve PV. The repulsive force is effectively suppressed by the backflow prevention effect of the facing valve PV.

Furthermore, the laminated elastic body 43 that cushions the stopping impact is given a predetermined precompression to skillfully attenuate the elastic reaction force.
Even if a slight disparity occurs in the collision forces of the laminated elastic bodies 43, this will be effectively absorbed within the range of minute displacements of the laminated elastic body 43.

After the pressure welding is completed, pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 25, the clutch 19 is disengaged, and the electromagnetic switching valve Sv is again set to a.
Pressure oil is also supplied to the cylinder chamber 34, and the stop device 30, the lever 23, and the clutch 19 all return to their original states.

In particular, in this embodiment, a sensor (strain gauge) 5 is installed on the intermediate shaft 32 to detect physical displacement (elongation) based on a stopping impact.
0 is installed, and the warning device warns of overload of the stop device 30 according to a predetermined detection value.
It can also be suitably used for repairing abnormal locations and examining and changing pressure welding conditions. In addition, by preparing several types of replaceable spacers 45 with different thicknesses and mounting the selected spacer 45 on the stop shock absorber 42 or covering the lower surface of the positioning plate 33, the matching precision of the phase angle can be improved. can be fine-tuned to a higher level.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention employs a low-mass, high-rigidity lever instead of a gear train in the transmission system of the phasing element, and employs a powerful dedicated damper device to achieve rapid speed reduction. Since it is designed to absorb shock when stopped, it makes it possible to use a high-output motor that can overcome the resistance fluctuations of the friction surfaces of both materials.
Furthermore, the durability of the entire phasing mechanism including the clutch can be dramatically improved.

In addition, devices equipped with a warning device that warns of overload of the stop device based on the detected value of the sensor and a spacer for adjusting the phase angle are useful from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of the matching phase angle and the convenience of maintaining the device. , exhibits excellent effects that are hard to overlook.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a friction welding device showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-H in Fig. 1 showing the transmission system of the phasing element and the stop device, Fig. 3 is a partially sectional front view showing the stop device, and Fig. 4 is taken along the line IVIv in Fig. 1. Cross-sectional view, Figure 5A,
B is an explanatory diagram showing the engagement mode of the clutch, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the transition of the main shaft rotational speed during phase matching. 3...Main Nl 5.9...Material 15
・・・Pole convertible AC motor

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A gripping device that grips two facing materials in a predetermined phase, a device that biases both of the gripping devices toward each other, and a variable-speed electric motor that drives a main shaft equipped with one of the gripping devices. a clutch device that engages the main shaft at a specific phase in response to a command signal related to deceleration transition of the electric motor; and a ram lever, one end of which engages with the clutch device and swings, and engages with the other end of the lever for linear motion. The stop device comprises a returnable stop device that regulates the stop phase of the main shaft, a damper device that follows the stop device and adds resistance to the rotation of the main shaft, and a pre-compressed laminated elastic body. A friction welding device comprising a stop shock absorber for restraining an operating end. (2) Claim 1, wherein the stopping device comprises a sensor that detects a physical displacement amount based on a stopping impact, and a warning device that warns of overload of the stopping device according to a detected value of the sensor.
The device described. (3) The device according to claim 1, wherein the stop shock absorber is equipped with a replaceable phase angle adjusting spacer.