JPH03179190A - Rotary fluid compression and suction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the extent of compressibility or attractability by forming each of sticking and hardening layers, composed of a gaseous compound, on a rotor outer circumferential surface and a casing inner circumferential surface, and setting thickness and clearance of this layer down to the proper value. CONSTITUTION:A tubular chamber 8 composed of two cylindrical walls 2, 3 crossing with a casing 1 is formed there and it is installed after engaging both spiral male and female screw rotors 16, 17 with each other. Each of substrates 16A, 17A of these rotors are made of alloys, and each sticking and hardening layer is formed on the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of a substrate 1A of the casing, setting them down to the rotor, whose external form is shown in 16a, 17a and the casing 1. This sticking and hardening layer consists of an inorganic substance such as ceramics or the like and polyester or the like, and it is formed in the following procedures that an assembled substrate rotor is rotated at low speed, a gaseous compound is fed to it and laminated after being stuck and hardened into lamination. Thus, a clearance between the casing and both rotors is set to a proper small one, through which both of compressibility and attractability are improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a rotary fluid compression/suction machine, and more particularly to a rotary fluid compression machine or This invention relates to a rotary fluid compression/suction machine that can transfer fluid without leakage or oil contamination.

(Prior Art) As a rotary fluid compression/suction machine, there is a pump or compressor (widely known as a screw pump, screw compressor, or screw compressor).
A typical example is a screw pump (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a screw pump).

In most of these screw pumps, a pair of male and female screw rotors, each having a helical tooth profile on the outer periphery that is suitably twisted in the axial direction, rotates while meshing with each other. As the rotor rotates, the teeth engage with each other to sequentially reduce the space formed by each part of the tooth profile to compress the fluid, or increase the space to suck the fluid.

Note that "rotation J while meshing with each other" also includes a pair of screw rotors rotating in synchronization with each other while maintaining a small gap.

In such rotary fluid compression/suction machines, the meshing gap between the rotors and the clearance between the rotor and the casing are extremely important from the viewpoint of high-pressure fluid sealing.
The accuracy of these processes affects the performance of rotary fluid compression/suction machines. In particular, in screw pumps, the machining accuracy of the helical tooth profile of the pair of male and female screw rotors greatly affects the fluid compression and suction performance, so the machining of the helical tooth profile requires great care and a high degree of machining accuracy. be done.

Furthermore, in order to eliminate backflow leakage of high-pressure fluid from the meshing gap between the pair of rotors, measures such as oil injection and increasing the rotational speed of the rotors are taken.

However, in order to inject a large amount of oil, a device such as an oil separator is required, and increasing the rotational speed of the rotor has various problems such as increased noise and mechanical loss in the bearing parts.

In order to solve these above-mentioned problems,
In Publication No. 23 or Special Publication No. 55-15639,
It is proposed to perform electroplating while rotating the male and female rotor bases, or to adjust the meshing gap between the male and female rotor bases to an appropriate value while melting the plating layer applied to the rotor bases in advance. has been done.

In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-21881 discloses that in order to form a thermosetting synthetic resin coating layer with a different thickness depending on the meshing gap between a pair of rotor substrates, Hiroo [tl] It was proposed in the Japanese Patent Publication Publication No. 5, 1973 that the rotor base on the driving side be coated by dipping and heating the rotor base while rotating the rotor base on the drive side.
Japanese Patent No. 6-27712 proposes a method of forming a metal mold around the core of the rotor and forming a metal plating layer on the surface thereof.

(Problem to be solved by the invention)
The rotor manufacturing method proposed in Japanese Patent No. 15639, in which the rotor base is plated, has the advantage that a high degree of dimensional accuracy is not required in rotor machining, etc., and machining is easy.

However, in these special public works, although a metal plating layer is required only on the rotor base, there is no way to eliminate the plating layer that adheres to the jig and support plate that are immersed in the plating liquid as a conductor. There is no specific indication as to whether or not to do so, and furthermore, since the plating layer is adhered to a uniform thickness, it is unsuitable for improving the meshing accuracy by creating plating layers of different thicknesses.

Furthermore, the method proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-21881, in which a thermosetting resin coating layer is formed on the outer surface of a pair of male and female rotor bases, allows the engagement between the rotor bases to be made with an appropriate small gap. However, it is not possible to make the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base an appropriately small gap, and with this method, a phenomenon occurs in which resin adheres to areas other than the rotor base.

Furthermore, in the method proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-27712, the dimensional accuracy of the rotor before plating cannot be maintained unless the mold shape is manufactured accurately, resulting in an overall increase in man-hours and an economical problem. It's not a typical method.

In this way, in the conventional technology, only the meshing gap between a pair of male and female rotor bases is formed to an appropriate small gap, and both the meshing gap between the rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base are formed to the appropriate small gap. Compression and suction machines that cannot be formed with such a pair of rotor and casing are prone to fluid leakage from the clearance between the rotor and casing during operation, which is a cause of deterioration of the compression performance of the compression machine. Become one.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary fluid compression/suction system that prevents fluid from leaking from the clearance between the rotor and the casing and has excellent compression performance and the like in a fluid compressor or the like in which a rotating rotor is housed in a casing. Our goal is to provide machinery.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The above problem, that is, it is difficult to easily form gaps such as the meshing gap between the rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base to an appropriate small gap is solved. This problem can be solved by the present invention having the following configuration.

That is, the present invention provides a fluid compression/suction machine that includes one or a pair of #11 rotors that rotate in mesh with each other in a casing, in which an adhesive hardened layer is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the base of the rotor and the inner surface of the base of the casing. is formed,
The thickness of the hardened adhesive layer varies depending on the size of the meshing gap between the pair of rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base, and the meshing gap and clearance are formed to have an appropriate small gap. This is a rotary fluid compression/suction machine featuring:

The present invention having such a configuration can be suitably applied to a rotary fluid compression/suction machine in which the rotor is a screw rotor.

The term "casing" as used in the present invention refers to something that rotates slower than the rotor or encloses the rotor without rotating, and the casing may have a groove or the like provided on its inner surface.

(Function) According to the present invention, after one or a pair of male and female rotor bases that mesh with each other and rotate are assembled in a casing base,
While rotating the rotor base, a base compound that adheres to the rotor base and the casing base to form a hardened layer is supplied into the casing, and the hardened layers are sequentially laminated on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor base and the inner face of the casing base. For,
The hardened adhesive layer can be formed with a thickness that corresponds to the meshing gap between the rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing.

As a result, the meshing gap between the rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing can be formed to an appropriate small gap, that is, an appropriate small gap that allows the rotor to rotate smoothly and minimizes fluid leakage. , performance such as compression performance of a compressor etc. can be significantly improved.

(Example) The present invention will be explained in detail regarding a rotary fluid compressor and a typical screw compressor L2.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a screw compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 8-A in FIG. 1.

1 is a casing consisting of a cylindrical chamber 8 consisting of two cylindrical walls 2.3 with parallel axes and side walls 4.5 on either side of this cylindrical chamber 8. The side wall 5 has a suction side cover 6, and this suction side cover 6 has a suction hole 7 formed therein. The suction hole 7 is opened at one end of the cylindrical chamber 8, and the discharge hole 9 is opened at the other end of the cylindrical chamber 8.

A male screw rotor 16 has a tooth profile formed by a spiral peak 12 and a spiral valley 14, and a female screw rotor 17 has a tooth profile formed by a spiral peak 13 and a spiral valley 15. The cylindrical chamber 8
The end rotating shaft of the male screw rotor 16 extends to penetrate and protrude through the casing l, and a driving gear 18, 19 is provided on the protruding through shaft. The gear 18 is divided into two parts in order to minimize backlash, and is provided so that the deviation in the rotational direction can be adjusted.

The male screw rotor I6 is driven via this drive gear 18, 19 by a suitable electric motor and the female screw rotor 17
to follow. Pair of female screw rotors 16.1
The shaft portion of No. 7 is an airtight seal member 20.7 disposed on the side walls 4.5 on both sides so that one side thereof is flush with the other side walls 4.5. bearing 21
It is rotatably supported by the casing l and the suction side cover 6 by.

Further, the pair of screw rotors 16 and 17 rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 3 while meshing with each other.

The suction gas flows into the space volume of the spiral valley 14.15 communicating with the suction hole 7, and as it rotates, the suction gas enters a compression process in which the communication with the suction hole 7 is cut off, and as the pair of screw rotors mesh with each other. Accordingly, the spatial volume of the valleys 14 and 15 decreases, and the gas is compressed and discharged to the discharge hole 9 at a volume close to the minimum volume.

The above male screw rotor 16 and female screw rotor 17
It is made of alloy materials such as steel, cast iron, and aluminum, and is manufactured by machining, precision casting (Lost Wanx, etc.), rolling, etc.

The base bodies 16A and 17A of the pair of male and female screw rotors 16, 17 according to this embodiment manufactured in this manner are shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.

In addition, in FIG. 3, the base body IA of the casing 1 is also indicated by a chain double-dashed line.

The screw rotor bases 16A, 17A and the casing base IA have a meshing gap between the rotor bases 16A, 17A and a clearance between the rotor bases 16A, 17A and the casing base IA as shown in FIG. 3 due to their machining accuracy. The gap tends to be larger than the appropriate small gap where fluid leakage is unlikely to occur.

Moreover, the sizes of these gaps generally vary depending on location.

In this regard, in the screw compressor according to this embodiment, a hardened adhesive layer is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor bases 16A, 17A and on the inner surface of the casing IA, and the thickness of the hardened adhesive layer is greater than that on the rotor base 16A. , 17A and the rotor base 16A, 17A and the casing base 1A.
3, forming a casing l having a rotor 16.17 and a cylindrical wall 2.3 having an outer shape indicated by solid lines 16a, 17a in FIG.

As a result, the outer shape of the tooth profile of rotor 16,17 is
It is formed into an ideal tooth profile curve that allows the meshing gap between 6.17 and 17 to be appropriately small enough to form an oil film.

The cylindrical wall 2.3 of the casing 1 is also connected to the rotor 16.
17 is formed in a shape that allows an appropriate small clearance to form an oil film.

The hardened adhesive layer that can be used for the rotor 16, 17 and casing 1 having such a shape includes the rotor base 16A.
, 17A, and the casing base IA, and does not change over time, and has corrosion resistance and thermal stability with respect to the fluid to be handled, inorganic materials such as ceramics, Alternatively, organic substances such as a polyester composed of a phthalic acid component and a glycerin component whose molecules are three-dimensionally cross-linked, or polymethyl methacrylate can be used.

Next, a method for manufacturing the above screw compressor will be explained.

111 manufactured by machining, precision casting, rolling, etc.
1111 A pair of screw rotor base bodies 16A and 17A are held in a casing base IA, and the casing l is removably attached to a support plate.

Next, the drive side rotor base (male rotor base 16 in the figure)
By rotating the rotor bases 16A and 17A at low speed, the pair of rotor base bodies 16A and 17A are rotated.

Further, rotor base bodies 16A, 1 are provided within the casing base lA.
7A and a gaseous compound that adheres to the casing substrate IA and forms a hardened layer.

Such gaseous compounds adhere to the rotor base etc.
Any material may be used as long as it does not corrode the rotor base etc., does not change over time, and forms a hardened layer that has corrosion resistance and thermal stability against the fluid it handles. Examples include reaction products with glycerin and/or low-molecular compounds thereof, methyl methacrylate monomers, and the like.

Such a gaseous compound adheres to the outer circumferential surfaces of the rotor bases 16A, 17A and the inner surface of the casing base 1A to sequentially stack hardened layers.

At this time, since the rotor base bodies 16'A and 17A are rotating, the rotor base bodies 16A and 17A and the casing IA
The thickness of the hardened adhesive layer formed on the inner surface of the rotor base 16A,
As a result of changing according to the size of the clearance between 17A and casing IA, the meshing gap and clearance can be formed into an appropriate small gap.

In supplying the gaseous compound into the casing base IA in this manner and forming an adhesive hardened layer on the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotating rotor bases 16A and 17A and the inner surface of the casing base IA, the manufacturing process shown in FIG. It is convenient to use the device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for manufacturing a pump 25, which is a screw compressor.

In order to obtain a gaseous compound that adheres to the rotor bases 16A, 17A and the casing base IA to form a hardened layer, a liquid or solid compound is made into a gas using a mixed gas generator 22, and a valve 32 and a check valve are used. 30.29 to the pump 25 and circulate through the circulation circuit 36,
The pump 25 is operated at low speed in accordance with the flow rate of the gaseous compound.

Then, the gaseous compound is sequentially applied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the male and female screw rotor bases 16A and 17A and to the casing base I.
It adheres to the inner surface of A and forms a hardened layer. Therefore, the gaseous compound is supplied and circulated for a certain period of time.

Thereafter, the rotational speed of the pair of rotors of the pump 25 is increased to the normal rotational speed, the valve 27 is closed, and the pressure gauge 26
Check the gas pressure. In this case, when a hardened adhesive layer is formed in the gap between the rotor and the casing inside the pump and a proper gap is achieved, the pressure increases to a predetermined pressure. Here, if the pressure has not reached the predetermined pressure, the valve 27 is opened and the rotational speed of the pair of rotors is reduced again to continue the circulation of the gaseous compound.

After a predetermined period of time, the valve 27 is closed in the same manner as described above, and the pressure on the pressure gauge is checked again. When the predetermined pressure is reached, the valve of the gas generator 32 is closed and the valve 27 is opened, and only the pump 25 is operated. Finishing of the pump 25 is completed after further hardening of the adhered hardened layer.

In addition, when a hardened layer made of thermosetting resin is formed on the outer surface of the rotor base, etc., the hot air generator 23 is operated to send hot air to the pump 25 to maintain the inside of the pump and the casing temperature at a high temperature, thereby curing the resin. It can also be used to speed up and save time.

Here, a specific example in which the present invention is applicable to a screw compressor will be shown.

(Example 1) As a gaseous compound, a reaction product of phthalic anhydride and glycerin and/or a low molecular weight compound thereof, which becomes a polyester whose molecular chains are three-dimensionally cross-linked and hardened during polymerization, is used as the gaseous compound, as shown below. A Sukhnoyu compressor was manufactured using the manufacturing apparatus shown in Figure 4.

The reaction product and/or its low molecular weight compound is made into a gas using the mixed gas generator 22, and the valve 32,
The gas is fed into the pump 25 through the check valve 30.29 and circulated through the circulation circuit 36, and the pump 25 is operated at low speed according to the gas flow rate (the rotor rotation speed is approximately 1/1/2 of the normal rotation speed).
2)). Then, the gaseous material is sequentially replenished and circulated for a certain period of time.

Thereafter, the rotor rotational speed of the pump 25 is increased to the normal rotational speed, the valve 27 is closed, and the gas pressure on the pressure gauge 26 is checked. In this case, when polyester adheres to the space between the rotor and the casing inside the pump and a suitable space is reached, the pressure increases to about 7 atm to 14 atm. Here, if the pressure has not been reached, the rotor rotational speed is lowered and then the valve 27 is opened to continue gas circulation again.

After a predetermined time, the valve 27 is closed in the same manner as described above, and the gas pressure on the pressure gauge is checked again. When the predetermined constant pressure is reached, the valve of the gas generator 32 is closed and the valve 27 is opened.
Only the pump 25 is operated to wait for the adhered polyester layer to harden, and then finishing of the pump 25 is completed.

At this time, the hot air generator 23 is operated to send hot air to the pump 25 to raise the temperature inside the pump and the casing to 80 to 1.
It is also possible to accelerate curing and shorten the time by setting the temperature to 00°C.

Further, the large number of =◯s in the polyester adheres firmly to the metal surface, forming a complete cured layer.

When we disassembled the pump 25 manufactured in this way and inspected the adhesive hardened layer (polyester layer), we found that the polyester layer varied in thickness on the outer surface of the rotor base and the inner surface of the casing base. The meshing gap between the rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base were both appropriate small gaps.

When the pump 25 was operated, the rotor rotation was smooth and the compression ratio was good.

(Example 2) A methacrylic acid resin is used as the hardening layer.

The polymerization rate of polymethyl methacrylate monomer was 10 at 80-100°C using a small amount of peroxide catalyst (BPO).
The liquid prepolymer is polymerized to approximately 20% syrup and is converted into a gas using the gas generator 22 in the same manner as in Example 1, passing through the valve 32 and check valve 30, 29 to the pump 25. The pump 25 is operated at a low speed while circulating the water through the circulation circuit 36. When the monomer adheres to the rotor and casing of the pump 25, the valve 32 is closed and the hot air generator 23 is operated to send hot air into the pump to raise the temperature inside the pump to 80 to 100°C.
When the polymerization progresses, the hot air is stopped again and the gas generator 22 is activated to circulate the gas. Then repeat the same action several times. Meanwhile, as in Example 1, pump 25
Increase the rotor rotation speed to the normal rotation speed, close the valve 27, and measure the pressure with the pressure gauge 26.
When the pressure reaches 4 atm), the gas generator 22 is stopped and the hot air is circulated for complete polymerization. This constant pressure state indicates the formation of an appropriate adhesive hardened layer on the inner surface of the pump, and there is no need to disassemble the machine and inspect the precise finish of the rotor and casing.

When the pump 25 was operated, the rotor rotation was smooth and the compression ratio was good.

In Example 2, a thermoplastic resin is used, and a hardened adhesive layer is formed by repeating the circulation of gas and the circulation of hot air into the circulation circuit 36.

Although the screw type compressor has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the screw type compressor.
It can be applied to any type of rotary fluid compression machine, and can be used universally for gear pumps, helical gear pumps, roots blowers, etc., as well as screw compressors with a single rotor, trochoid pumps, etc. can also be applied.

Note that in screw compressors, trochoid pumps, and the like having one rotor, the meshing gap between the rotor bases is not specified, so the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base is set to an appropriate small gap.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only to compression machines but also to suction machines.

Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to a fluid compression/suction machine in which a pair of rotor bases rotate while in contact with each other.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the meshing gap between the rotors and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base can be improved by using one or a pair of qa rotor bases and casing bases manufactured with a certain degree of shape and dimensional accuracy. Since the gap can be easily set to an appropriate size, there is no fluid leakage from the meshing gap and clearance during operation of the compressor, and the performance of the compressor, especially the compression performance, can be greatly improved. , a high pressure ratio can be obtained.

As described above, according to the present invention, high-performance rotary fluid compression and
A suction machine can be manufactured.

In addition, since the number of rotations of the rotor can be reduced,
Noise can be reduced, and compressors and the like can be made smaller and lighter.

Furthermore, since the outer circumferential surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the casing are coated with resin, the rotor and the casing have the effect of preventing rust.

Furthermore, even if the meshing parts of the compressor, etc. are worn out over time, the repair for properly compensating for the small gap can be done simply by introducing a vaporized compound, as shown in Figure 4 near the compressor, etc. Repairs can be easily carried out by installing equipment or by installing loading equipment on a moving vehicle and rushing to the site.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a screw compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the assembled state of the rotor base and the casing base, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. 1...Casing, IA...Casing base,
2, 3... Cylindrical wall, 4, 5... Side wall, 6.
... Suction side cover 7... Suction hole, 8... Cylindrical chamber, 9... Discharge hole, 12.13... Peak of screw rotor, 14.15... Valley of screw rotor,
16...Male screw rotor, 16A...Male screw rotor base, 17...Female screw rotor, 17A...Female screw loaf base, 18.19...
・Drive gear, 20... Airtight seal, 21... Bearing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A fluid compression/suction machine in which a casing houses one or a pair of male and female rotors that rotate in mesh with each other, and a hardened layer adhered to the outer circumferential surface of the base of the rotor and the inner surface of the base of the casing. is formed, and the thickness of the adhesive hardened layer changes depending on the size of the meshing gap between the pair of rotor bases and the clearance between the rotor base and the casing base, and the meshing gap and clearance are set to an appropriate small gap. A rotary fluid compression/suction machine characterized by being formed in. 2. The rotary fluid compression/suction machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is a screw rotor.