JPH03177644A - Automatic transmission gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the speed change ratio of five forward stages by forming an automatic transmission gear of two driving side gears two driven side gears meshed with the driving side gears, three clutches and two one-way clutches. CONSTITUTION:A driven side gear 32 connected to a driven shaft 4 through a clutch 40 and a driven side gear 36 connected to the driven side gear 32 through a differential gear mechanism 20 are meshed with driving side gears 12, 16 connected to a driving shaft 2 through clutches 14, 18, and one-way clutches 34, 38 interlocked with the clutches 14, 18, 40 and brakes 35, 39 are engaged selectively, thus obtaining the speed-change ratio of five forward stages. The first speed is obtained by the clutches 18, 34, the second speed by the clutches 18, 40, the third speed by the clutches 14, 38, the fourth speed by the clutches 14, 18, and the fifth speed by the clutches 14, 40. A backward stage can be obtained by the engagement of a clutch 41. Smooth automatic speed change of five forward stages can be thus performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic transmission, and more particularly to an automatic transmission capable of five-speed shifting with a simple configuration.

[Problems to be solved by conventional techniques and inventions] In recent years,
2. Description of the Related Art Automatic transmissions that automatically change gear ratios have become widely used as transmissions for automobiles. This automatic transmission is generally used in combination with a torque converter, and controls switching of the gear ratio according to a predetermined program according to the selected shift range so as to obtain the optimum gear ratio according to driving conditions.

Incidentally, in the automatic transmission device as described above, it is preferable to use as many gear stages as possible from the viewpoint of smooth shifting.

However, many conventional automatic transmissions utilize planetary gear mechanisms, and when attempting to increase the number of gears, the planetary gear mechanisms are connected in multiple stages, which often complicates the configuration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic transmission device that is simple in structure and capable of five-speed shifting.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above objects, two drive-side gears are attached to the drive-side rotating shaft so as to be able to be connected and connected via clutches, respectively. A differential small gear holder of a differential mechanism is fixed to the driven rotation shaft, and two large differential gears of the differential mechanism are arranged coaxially with the driven rotation shaft. Two driven gears are connected to the large differential gear, and these driven gears are in mesh with the two driving gears, respectively, and are enabled to rotate only in the same direction by a one-way clutch. One of the side gears can be connected to and connected to the driven rotating shaft via a clutch, and the invention includes means for individually controlling each of the clutches according to a predetermined program for each driving force transmission mode range. An automatic transmission device is provided.

In the present invention, there is a configuration in which a brake is connected to the two driven gears.

In the present invention, there is a form in which a one-way clutch is interposed between one of the two drive-side gears and a clutch for connecting/disconnecting the drive-side rotating shaft.

In the present invention, there is a form in which the drive-side rotating shaft is connected to a drive source via a torque converter.

In the present invention, a reversing mechanism is interposed between the driving-side rotating shaft and the driven-side rotating shaft, and the reversing mechanism has means for controlling the connection and disconnection of the driving-side rotating shaft and the driven-side rotating shaft by the reversing mechanism. There is a form.

In the present invention, there is a form in which a locking mechanism is attached to the driven side rotating shaft.

In the present invention, there is an embodiment in which the clutch is a hydraulic clutch.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided an automobile equipped with the automatic transmission device as described above.

[Example] Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of an automatic transmission according to the present invention. This embodiment is an example applied to an automobile transmission.

In the figure, 2 is a drive side rotation shaft (hereinafter referred to as "drive shaft"), and 4 is a driven rotation shaft (hereinafter referred to as "driven shaft"). The drive shaft 2 and the driven shaft 4 are parallel.

The drive shaft 2 is connected to a torque converter 6,
The torque converter is connected to the engine output shaft 8.

Two gears 12.16 are rotatably attached to the drive shaft 2, and 14.18 are hydraulic clutches that connect and connect the drive shaft 2 and the gear 12.16, respectively. The ON-OFF state of these clutches is controlled by the hydraulic drive mechanism C, respectively.
, C2.

On the other hand, a differential gear mechanism 20 is attached to the driven shaft 4. In the differential gear mechanism, 22 is a differential pinion holding shaft, 24.26 is a differential pinion rotatably attached to the holding shaft, and 28.30 is a differential pinion that is rotatably attached to the holding shaft. This gear is a differential large gear that is coaxially rotatably mounted around the driven shaft 4. The differential pinion holding shaft 22 is orthogonal to the driven shaft 4 and is fixed to the driven shaft.

A gear 32 is fixed to the differential large gear 28, and a gear 32 is fixed to the differential gear 28.
0 is a hydraulic clutch that connects and disconnects the driven shaft 4 and the gear 32. ON-OFF of the clutch is performed by a hydraulic drive mechanism C3. The gear 32 is the gear 1 on the drive shaft side.
It meshes with 2. Further, the gear 32 can only be rotated in one direction with respect to a frame (not shown) by a one-way clutch 34, and is further equipped with a brake 35. The ON/OFF state of the brake is performed by a hydraulic drive mechanism 06.

A gear 36 is fixed to the differential large gear 30. This gear meshes with the gear 16 on the drive shaft side. Further, the gear 36 can only rotate in the same direction as the gear 32 with respect to a frame (not shown) by a one-way clutch 38, and is further provided with a brake 39.

ON-OFF of the brake is performed by a hydraulic drive mechanism C7.

41 is a reversing mechanism. In the reversing mechanism, 42 is an idle gear shaft arranged parallel to the drive shaft 2 and driven shaft 4, and 44 is a reverse idle gear mounted so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft. , 46 is a gear fixed to the drive shaft 2, and 48 is a gear attached to the driven shaft 4. The reverse idle gear 44 is moved in the axial direction to rotate the gears 46 and 4.
It can be in a state where it meshes with 8. This engaged state is defined as a reversing mechanism ON state, and the non-engaged state is defined as a reversing mechanism OFF state. ON-OFF of the reversing mechanism is performed by a hydraulic drive mechanism 04.

50 is a parking ball which is a mechanism for locking the driven shaft 2. ON-OFF of the locking mechanism is performed by a hydraulic drive mechanism C6.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 12 and the gear 32 is 1.
44/100, the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 16 and the gear 36 is 88/156, and the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 46 and the gear 48 is 50/158.

Therefore, the clutch 14, 18.40 is 0N-OFF.
By combining ON-OFF of the reversing mechanism 41, five forward speeds and one reverse speed are possible as shown in Table 1 below. In addition, the above-mentioned one-way clutch 34.
38 is for using the engine brake when in the free state and OFF when in the locked state,
When using the engine brake, the one-way clutch 34 and 38 are turned 0N-OFF and 0N-OFF at the same time.
F, so these brakes 35.39 0N-OF
The F designation is omitted in Table 1. Further, in Table 1, the ON state is indicated by a mark "○".

Table 1 and FIG. 2 are drive control diagrams of the continuously variable transmission of the above embodiment, in which reference numeral 52 denotes the drive mechanism C3 of the clutch 14, the drive mechanism C2 of the clutch 18, the drive mechanism Cs of the clutch 40, and the reversal mechanism. 41 drive mechanism C4, the drive mechanism Cs% of the driven shaft locking mechanism 50, the drive mechanism C6 of the brake 35, and the drive mechanism C1 of the brake 39. ) 54 can change the oil pressure of each drive mechanism.

56 is a shift device connected to the hydraulic circuit 52, and this device has a P range, an N range, an N range, a D range, a 4 range, a 3 range, a 2 range, and a lunge,
The driver selects a desired range by operating a lever. A signal regarding the state of the shift device 56 is input to the control unit 54. The control unit further includes signals related to the state of the hydraulic circuit 52 and state signals obtained from various sensors other than the hydraulic circuit (for example, a signal of the rotation speed of the driven shaft 4, a vehicle speed signal, a throttle valve associated with accelerator operation). (opening degree signal, engine speed signal, etc.) are input. control unit 5
4, the operating state of each drive mechanism is set according to a predetermined program according to the range selected by the shift device 56, and a command signal is issued to each drive mechanism.

The operation in each shift range will be explained below.

・P range Only the driven shaft locking mechanism 50 is turned ON.

・N range Only the reversing mechanism 41 is turned on.

・N range Turn everything off.

・The above clutches 14, 18, 40 depending on the D range driving conditions etc.
ON-OFF is selected from among the above-mentioned first to fifth speeds in an appropriate combination.

・Depending on the 4-range driving conditions, etc., the 0N-OFF of the clutches 14, 18, and 40 are appropriately combined to shift the 1st to 4th gears.
Select from the following speeds at the appropriate time.

・Depending on the 3-range driving conditions, etc., the 0N-OFF of the clutches 14, 18, and 40 can be appropriately combined to shift the 1st to 3rd speeds.
Select from the following speeds at the appropriate time.

・Depending on the 2nd range driving conditions etc., the above clutch 18.40 0N-
OFF is selected from among the above-mentioned first speed to second speed by an appropriate combination.

・Lunge The clutch 18 is turned on to select the first speed.

In addition, when using the engine brake, a separate shift device 5 is required.
By operating the button provided on lever 6,
The brakes 35 and 39 can be turned ON when the first speed and third speed are selected, respectively. Also,
In this case, only when the accelerator is released, the brake 35, 39 is activated as shown in FIG.
It is a schematic diagram showing an example of. In this figure, the first
Similar parts in the figures are given the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, a differential gear mechanism 21 is used in place of the differential gear mechanism 20 in the first embodiment to achieve the same function. In the differential gear mechanism, 23 is a differential pinion holding member, and 25a, 25b, 24a, 27b
is a differential pinion rotatably attached to the holding member, and 29 and 31 are internal gears that mesh with the differential pinion and are coaxially rotatably attached around the driven shaft 4. It is a large moving gear. The differential pinion holder 23 is fixed to the driven shaft 4, and the differential pinion 25a,
25 b, 27 a, 27 b are all arranged parallel to the driven shaft 4, and the differential small gears 25 a, 25 b
is meshed with one large differential gear 29, and the small differential gears 27a and 27b are meshed with the other large differential gear 31.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a specific configuration of the differential gear mechanism 21. As shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, a reversing mechanism 43 is used in place of the reversing mechanism 41 in the first embodiment. In the reversing mechanism, the reverse idle gear 42 is constantly connected to the gear 46.
48, and 47 and 49 are hydraulic clutches that connect and connect the gears 46 and 48 with the drive shaft 2 and the driven shaft 4, respectively. These clutches are hydraulic drive mechanism 04
Driven by.

In this embodiment, the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 12 and the gear 32 is 1.
44/100, the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 16 and the gear 36 is 84/160, and the ratio of the number of teeth between the gear 46 and the gear 48 is 50/158.

Therefore, the clutch 14, 18.40 is 0N-OFF.
By combining the above-mentioned ON-OFF of the reversing mechanism 43, it is possible to shift into five forward speeds and one reverse speed as shown in Table 2 below.

Table 1 In this embodiment, the same control as in the first embodiment described above is performed, and the same functions are exhibited.

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram showing a modification of the second embodiment.

In this modification, a one-way clutch 60 is interposed between the gear 16 on the drive shaft side and the clutch 18 for connecting/disconnecting the gear to the drive shaft 2, so that the gear change operation can be performed smoothly.

That is, when shifting from 2nd speed to 3rd speed, clutch 1
4, 18. It is not necessary to perform the 0N-OFF operation of 40 at the same time; first, turn on the clutch 14 and the one-way clutch 60 becomes free), then immediately turn on the clutch 4.
0.18 may be set to OFF. Similarly, when shifting from 3rd speed to 2nd speed, first turn on the clutch 18 and the one-way clutch 60 is in a free state), then immediately turn on the clutch 40 and turn the one-way clutch 60 on.
0 is a free state), then the clutch 14 can be immediately turned off (the one-way clutch 60 is in a locked state).

Also, when shifting from 4th gear to 5th gear, the clutch 1
8. There is no need to perform the 0N-OFF operation of 40 at the same time.
First, turn on the clutch 40 and turn on the one-way clutch 60.
(will be in a free state), then immediately turn the clutch 18 to O
It may be FF.

Similarly, when shifting from 5th gear to 4th gear, the clutch 18 is first turned ON and the one-way clutch 60 is in a free state), and then the clutch 40 is immediately turned OFF (the one-way clutch 60 is locked). state).

[Effects of the Invention]- According to the present invention as described above, a simple configuration consisting of two gears on the drive shaft side, two gears on the driven shaft meshing with these gears, three clutches, and two one-way clutches is used. As a result, a gear ratio of five forward speeds is obtained, allowing smooth automatic gear shifting.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of an automatic transmission according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a drive control system thereof. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the automatic transmission according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the specific configuration of the differential gear mechanism. FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram showing a modification of the second embodiment. 2: Drive shaft, 4: Driven shaft, 6: Torque converter, 12.16: Drive side gear, 14.18: Clutch, 20.21: Differential gear mechanism, 32.36: Driven side gear, 34.38: One-way clutch, 35.39 Brake, 40: Clutch, 41°47.49: Clutch, 50: Driven wheel lock mechanism, 60: One-way clutch, C2 to C2: Drive mechanism. 43: Reversing mechanism. Diagram

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) Two driving side gears are attached to the driving side rotating shaft so that they can be connected and connected through clutches, and a differential pinion holder of the differential mechanism is fixed to the driven side rotating shaft, and the differential Two large differential gears of the drive mechanism are arranged coaxially with the driven rotating shaft, two driven gears are connected to the two large differential gears, and these driven gears are connected to the driven side rotating shaft. The gears are meshed with the two driving gears and can only rotate in the same direction using a one-way clutch, and one of the driven gears can be connected to and connected to the driven rotating shaft via the clutch. . An automatic transmission, comprising means for individually controlling each of the clutches according to a predetermined program for each driving force transmission mode range. (2) The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein a brake is connected to the two driven gears. (3) The automatic transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a one-way clutch is interposed between one of the two drive-side gears and a clutch for connecting/disconnecting the drive-side rotating shaft. (4) The automatic transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drive side rotating shaft is connected to a drive source via a torque converter. (5) A reversing mechanism is interposed between the driving-side rotating shaft and the driven-side rotating shaft, and the reversing mechanism has means for controlling connection between the driving-side rotating shaft and the driven-side rotating shaft. Item 5. The automatic transmission device according to any one of items 1 to 4. (6) A locking mechanism is attached to the driven side rotating shaft,
The automatic transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 5. (7) Claims 1 to 3, wherein the clutch is a hydraulic clutch.
6. The automatic transmission device according to any one of 6. (8) An automobile equipped with the automatic transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.