JPH03175312A - Measuring method for vibration of work piece and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correctly detect the vibration of a work piece by detecting the roughness on the surface of the rotating work piece as a signal, and multiplying the detecting signal with a reference signal generated in synchronization with the rotation of the work piece. CONSTITUTION:A detecting output of a first roughness sensor 8 for detecting the roughness in the radial direction of a work piece 7 is inputted to a first multiplier circuit 20, where the output is multiplied with a reference rotation signal applied from a reference rotation signal outputting device 10. The output of the circuit 20 is fed to an operating circuit 21 and operated to obtain the angle and amount of the vibration of the piece 7 in the radial direction. An output of a second roughness detecting sensor 9 for detecting the roughness in the lateral direction of the piece 7 is multiplied with the output of the outputting device 10 in a second multiplier circuit 22 and the result is fed to the circuit 21. The circuit 21 operates the output, thereby obtaining and outputting the angle and amount of the vibration of the piece 7 in the lateral direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a runout measuring method and apparatus for measuring runout of a tire with an automobile wheel or other workpiece.

<Prior Art> It is well known that the characteristics of tires with wheels are significantly related to the vibration characteristics of automobiles. Whether the reaction force of the tire as an elastic body is uniform, whether the mass distribution in the wheeled tire is uniform, etc. are measured using a uniformity tester and a dynamic balance tester, respectively.

Furthermore, as a fundamental and important element in the characteristics of wheeled tires, there are requirements regarding finished dimensions. This requirement can be divided into runout of the wheeled tire in the radial direction and runout in the lateral direction (tire side wall surface) perpendicular to the radial direction. The term "runout" referred to here does not simply refer to the degree of unevenness that occurs on the surface of the wheeled tire, but rather refers to something like undulations that exist around the entire circumference of the wheeled tire.

Of course, the smaller the amount of wobbling, the better, and ideally, there should be no wobbling.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, the following methods and devices have been proposed for measuring runout in wheeled tires.

Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 62-170544 discloses a disc wheel runout inspection and marking device that detects the runout of a disc wheel using a contact type detection means and marks the detected runout.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 140902/1983 discloses a non-contact run-out measuring device and method for measuring the lateral run-out and vertical run-out of an automobile wheel using a non-contact inspection device using a laser.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-191947 discloses an inspection device for inspecting irregularities on a tire sidewall. This device uses a non-contact inspection device that utilizes changes in capacitance to inspect tire sidewall irregularities.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-104540 discloses an apparatus for measuring surface runout of a workpiece in a dynamic balance tester.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Conventional runout measuring methods and devices all measure the surface of the workpiece by rotating the workpiece (tire with wheels, etc.) relatively slowly (for example, at about 30 rpm). It detects irregularities and converts them into electrical signals. The converted electrical signal also contains variation components corresponding to local irregularities on the workpiece surface (for example, trademarks formed on the outer circumferential surface of the tire, product numbers, tread patterns, etc.), so these can be removed. In order to do this, only the signals synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece are extracted through a low-pass filter and the runout is measured.

However, even if you try to remove signal noise using a low-pass filter and extract only the signal components that are synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece, it is difficult to create a low-pass filter with performance that satisfies the necessary conditions, and the noise cannot be completely removed. There was a drawback.

In addition, in order to shorten the runout measurement time, it is preferable to rotate the workpiece at a higher speed rather than at a lower speed as in the conventional method, but this has been difficult with the prior art.

Therefore, the present invention provides a run-out measurement method that can completely remove noise components from the unevenness detection signal of a workpiece screw, extract only signal components synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece, and accurately measure the run-out of the workpiece. The main purpose is to provide equipment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a runout measuring method and apparatus that can measure runout by rotating a workpiece at high speed.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a balance tester that includes:
An object of the present invention is to provide a runout measuring device that can simultaneously detect runout of a workpiece when rotating the workpiece for a balance test.

Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention is a method for measuring runout of a workpiece, in which the workpiece is rotated, unevenness on the surface of the rotating workpiece is detected as a signal, and the unevenness detection signal is This workpiece runout measuring method is characterized in that the runout is measured based on the multiplication result by multiplying the reference signal generated in synchronization with the rotation of the workpiece.

The present invention also provides a device for measuring run-out of a workpiece, including a workpiece holding and rotating means for rotating the workpiece, and an unevenness detector for detecting unevenness on the surface of the rotated workpiece as a signal. A signal output means, a means for outputting a reference rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece, a multiplication means for multiplying the unevenness detection signal by the reference rotation signal, and a runout calculation means for calculating the runout based on the multiplication result. This is a workpiece run-out measurement device with special features.

In the workpiece runout measuring device described above, the unevenness detection signal output means is capable of detecting unevenness in a non-contact state, and the workpiece holding and rotating means is capable of rotating the workpiece at an arbitrary rotation speed. Features.

The present invention is also characterized in that the workpiece runout measuring device described above further includes a configuration for measuring unbalance of the workpiece, and the runout measurement is performed at the same rotational speed as the balance test. It is something.

According to the present invention, the workpiece is rotated, the unevenness on the surface of the rotating workpiece is detected as a signal, the unevenness detection signal is multiplied by a reference signal generated in synchronization with the rotation of the workpiece, and the multiplication result is calculated. Measure the runout based on.

The present invention also provides a multiplication means for rotating the workpiece by the workpiece holding and rotating means, detecting irregularities on the surface of the rotated workpiece as a signal, and multiplying the signal by a reference rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece. A workpiece runout measuring device is characterized in that the workpiece runout is calculated based on the multiplication result. Furthermore, since the unevenness detection signal is multiplied by a reference signal synchronized with rotation, an arbitrary number of rotations can be selected.

In the workpiece runout measuring device described above, if the unevenness detection signal output means is of a non-contact type, the workpiece can be rotated at a relatively high speed during measurement.

Further, according to the present invention, runout measurement and balance test can be performed simultaneously.

<Embodiments> Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is an illustrative diagram showing the mechanical configuration of a runout measuring device for measuring runout of a workpiece such as a wheeled tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. This runout measuring device is also used as a dynamic balance tester, and is capable of measuring workpiece runout and unbalance at the same time.

Referring to FIG. 2, a spindle 3 is vertically attached to a holding frame 1 whose lower end is fixed via a pair of leaf springs 2. As shown in FIG. The spindle 3 is provided with a rotatable shaft 3a, and is provided so as to be able to vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper by means of a pair of leaf springs 2.

A drive motor 5 is also attached to the holding frame 1, and the rotational force of the drive motor 5 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3a of the spindle 3 via a belt 6.

A workpiece such as a tire with a wheel 7, for example, is attached to the upper part of the rotating shaft 3a of the spindle 3. And the attached wheel tire 7
a first unevenness detection sensor 8 for optically detecting unevenness in the radial direction in a non-contact state; and a second unevenness detection sensor 9 for optically detecting unevenness in the lateral direction in a non-contact state. is provided. In this embodiment, the first and second unevenness detection sensors 8 and 9 are laser output elements 8a, 9a and light receiving elements 8b, 9b, respectively.
It is made to include. Note that the dimensions (length) of the output element and the light receiving element are, for example, about 20 mm.

If this dimension is insufficient, a mechanism that can move the positions of the output element and the light receiving element may be provided.

The first unevenness detection sensor 8 and the second unevenness detection sensor 9 are held by a holding member (not shown), and like the holding frame 1, a part of the holding member is fixed.

A reference rotation signal output device 10 for outputting a reference rotation signal of the rotation shaft 3a is connected to a lower portion of the rotation shaft 3a of the spindle 3. The reference rotation signal outputted from the output device 10 includes two types of signals having the same amplitude and whose phases are shifted by 90 degrees, as will be described later.

Furthermore, since this device also functions as a dynamic balance tester, the upper surface pickup 1 is used to detect the vibration component of the spindle 3 when the spindle 3 is in a state where it can vibrate.
1 and a lower surface pickup 12 are provided.

FIG. 1A is a circuit block diagram showing an electrical configuration for measuring runout in this apparatus described with reference to FIG. 2 above. Further, FIG. 1B is a process diagram showing the electrical circuit configuration for measuring, for example, the runout in the radial direction in the device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram representing waveforms of output signals at various stages in the circuit shown in the figure.

Each waveform ■~■ in Figure 3 is the same as ■~■ written in Figure 1B.
corresponds to the output waveform of

In FIG. 1A, the detection output of the first unevenness detection sensor 8 for detecting the unevenness of the workpiece 7 in the radial direction is given to the first multiplication circuit 20;
The reference rotation signal is multiplied by the reference rotation signal provided from the reference rotation signal output device 10 in the reference rotation signal output device 10 .

Then, the output is given to the arithmetic circuit 21 for calculation, and the angle and amount of deflection are determined.

Further, the output of the second unevenness detection sensor 9 for detecting unevenness in the lateral direction of the workpiece 7 is transmitted to a second multiplication circuit 22.
, the output is multiplied by the output of the reference rotation signal output device 10 and provided to the arithmetic circuit 21 .

Then, calculation is performed in the calculation circuit 21, and the angle and amount of the deflection of the workpiece 7 in the lateral direction are output.

Since the radial run-out measurement and the lateral run-out measurement in FIG. 1A are performed by substantially the same processing circuit and processing procedure, detailed description of the run-out measurement circuit and run-out measurement processing procedure will be provided below. will be explained by taking up the measurement of runout in the radial direction.

Next, referring to FIG. 1B and FIG. 3, the detection output of the first unevenness detection sensor 8 has a waveform as shown in FIG. 3, for example. That is, since the first unevenness detection sensor 8 includes a laser output element and a light receiving element,
The change in the amount of light received by the light receiving element becomes the output waveform of the first unevenness detection sensor 8. The small amplitude with a short period in the waveform (■) is a noise component corresponding to the unevenness on the surface of the workpiece 7, and the overall waviness in the waveform (■) is the shake that should be detected, so as explained below, the multiplication This noise component is removed through processing.

The first multiplication circuit 20 includes an amplifier circuit 201 with an offset/soto voltage change function, and two multipliers 202, 204 and smoothers 203, 205, respectively. The amplifier 201 with an offset voltage changing function changes the offset voltage of the signal shown in FIG. 3 given from the first unevenness detection sensor 8, and also amplifies the signal shown in FIG. Make it. The output of this amplifier 201 is applied to one input terminal of a multiplier 202. The other input terminal of the multiplier 202 is supplied with the reference rotation signal shown in FIG. 3 from the reference rotation signal output device 10. Therefore, the multiplier 202 multiplies the signal ``■'' and the signal ``■'', and the multiplier 202 outputs a signal having the waveform shown in ``■''.

That is, the multiplier 202 multiplies the amplified output of the first unevenness detection sensor 8 by the output of the reference rotation signal output device 10, thereby detecting the runout of the workpiece 7 in synchronization with the rotation of the workpiece 7. can. In this case, the noise component corresponding to the fine irregularities randomly occurring on the surface of the workpiece 7 (the small amplitude waveform included in Figure 3) is synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece 7. In other words, the reference rotation signal output device 1
Since they are not synchronized with the reference rotation signal of 0, they are all removed.

One of the features of this embodiment is that it includes the process of multiplying the output of the unevenness detection sensor by the reference rotation signal.
It is one.

Another feature of this embodiment is that since the unevenness detection signal is multiplied by a reference signal synchronized with rotation, an arbitrary number of rotations can be selected.

Since the smoother 203 smoothes the signal (2), its output becomes a constant voltage signal (2). .

Furthermore, the output signal ■ of the amplifier with offset function 201 is also applied to one input terminal of another multiplier 204 .

The other input terminal of this multiplier 204 is supplied with a reference rotation signal shown in FIG. 3 from the reference rotation signal output device 10.

The reference rotation signal (2) and the reference rotation signal (2) are signals having the same amplitude and having phases shifted by 90 degrees from each other. Since the multiplier 204 multiplies the signal ■ and the signal ■, the waveform of the output signal becomes as shown in ■, and when it is smoothed by the smoother 205, it becomes a constant level voltage signal shown in ■. is obtained.

The arithmetic circuit 21 performs a vector operation based on the voltage signal (2) given from the smoother 203 and the voltage signal (2) given from the smoother 205.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a vector calculation is performed on the output signal (2) of the smoother 203 and the output signal (2) of the smoother 205 as signals having an angular difference of 90 degrees from each other, and the angle θ and amount of runout are calculated. Calculated.

The amount of runout calculated by the arithmetic circuit 21 is provided to the quantity meter 23 and displayed in a state that is recognizable to the operator, and is also provided to the comparator 24 where it is compared with a predetermined reference amount of runout and the workpiece is It is determined whether the piece (tire with wheel) 7 has passed the inspection.

Further, the deflection angle θ calculated by the arithmetic circuit 21 is provided to the angle meter 25 and displayed in a state that can be recognized by the operator, and is also provided to the positioning control device 26. The positioning and control device 26 operates a marking device (not shown) based on the supplied angle signal to attach a predetermined mark to the angle at which runout exists in the wheeled tire 7, or to mark the wheeled tire 7 at a stop. The angle is controlled.

Note that the multipliers 202 and 204 for multiplying the analog signals by the analog signals in the above description may be those shown in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-39355, for example.

Lateral deflection is also measured using similar circuitry and signal processing.

In the embodiment described above, in the multiplication circuit 20, the first
By changing the offset voltage of the output signal of the unevenness detection sensor 8 (■ in FIG. 3), the output signal shown in FIG. It may also be configured such that it is multiplied by the output signal (2) of the reference rotation signal generator 10.

Alternatively, after the detection output of the first unevenness detection sensor 8 is amplified by a predetermined amplification factor, that is, only the amplification is performed without changing the offset voltage, and the signal is sent to the multiplier 20.
2 and 204.

Further, the output of the first unevenness detection sensor 8 is first converted from an analog signal to a digital signal, and
The output of the reference rotation signal output device 1o may also be converted from an analog signal to a digital signal, and the digital signals may be multiplied by the multiplier 202. As such a multiplier, for example, the one shown in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-49292 can be used.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned case, the configuration of the reference rotation signal output device 10 may be modified, for example, by
If it is as shown in the figure, the reference rotation signal output device 1
Since a digital signal is directly output from the reference rotation signal output device 1o, a conversion circuit for converting the output of the reference rotation signal output device 1o from an analog signal to a digital signal can be omitted.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the electrical circuit configuration of the entire apparatus shown in FIG. 2.

As mentioned above, this device is capable of measuring the runout and dynamic balance of the workpiece 7. For this purpose, in addition to the electrical circuit configuration for measuring runout described above, an electrical circuit for measuring dynamic balance is provided.

Specifically, a multiplication circuit 41 for multiplying the detection signal of the pickup 11 by the reference rotation signal, and a multiplication circuit 42 for multiplying the detection signal of the pickup 12 by the reference rotation signal.
and an arithmetic circuit 43 for calculating the outputs of both multiplication circuits 41 and 42, and a top surface unbalance for calculating the amount and angle of the top surface unbalance of the workpiece 7 by performing vector calculation based on the output of the calculation circuit 43. A calculation circuit 44 and a bottom surface unbalance calculation circuit 45 for calculating the bottom surface imbalance of the workpiece 7 are included.

The basic configuration of the multiplication circuits 41 and 42 is the same as the multiplication circuit of the shake measurement circuit described above.

In this circuit block diagram, the calculation circuit 43 for dynamic balance measurement and calculation circuits 44 and 45 are configured separately from the calculation circuit for runout measurement, but this calculation circuit can be implemented using, for example, a microcomputer. In this case, if each process can be processed in parallel by time-sharing subroutine processing or the like, the arithmetic circuit can be a common circuit.

In the above embodiments, a runout measuring device that rotates a workpiece at a relatively high speed was explained as an example, but the technical idea of the present invention is to rotate a workpiece at a relatively low speed (for example, 30 rpm). It can also be used in such cases.

In such a case, a contact type sensor as shown in FIG. 6 may be used as a detection sensor for detecting irregularities on the surface of the workpiece 7. That is, the roller 62, which is swingably held by the support member 61, is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece. Then, at the time of measurement, the unevenness on the surface of the workpiece is detected by the roller 62 and converted into rocking motion of the support member 61, so the configuration may be such that it can be detected by the differential transformer 63.

In the above embodiments and explanations, the workpiece was mainly explained using a wheeled tire as an example, but the workpiece may be a disk wheel, a single wheel, a crankshaft, a spindle, or the like. The balance test machine may be of any type, such as a hard type, a soft type, or a horizontal type.

<Effects of the Invention> Since the present invention is configured as described above, there is provided a runout measuring method and device that can reliably remove noise components from the detection signal through signal signal multiplication processing and accurately detect workpiece runout. It can be done.

In addition, if a non-contact type sensor is used as the detection sensor,
Since runout can be measured while rotating the workpiece at high speed, runout can be measured in a short time.

Furthermore, since the runout of the workpiece can be detected at the same time as the unbalance measurement rotation of the workpiece in the balance testing machine, by combining the two, it is possible to create a rational unbalance and runout measuring device with a small number of parts as a whole. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are block diagrams showing the electrical circuit configuration of a runout measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an illustrative diagram showing a schematic mechanical configuration of a runout measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of the device that is also used as a dynamic balance tester. FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing signal waveforms output at each stage of the electrical circuit diagram of the runout measuring device. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the contents of vector computation performed in the arithmetic circuit. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the entire device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is another example of the unevenness detection sensor, and is a diagram showing an example of a contact type sensor. In the figure, 7... a wheel with a tire as a workpiece, 8... a first unevenness detection sensor, 9... a second unevenness detection sensor, 10... a reference rotation signal output device, 11.
12...Pickup, 20...First multiplication circuit, 2
1... Arithmetic circuit, 22... Second multiplication circuit, 202° 204... Multiplier.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for measuring runout of a workpiece, which comprises rotating the workpiece, detecting irregularities on the surface of the rotating workpiece as a signal, and using the irregularity detection signal as a signal for measuring the rotation of the workpiece. A method for measuring runout of a workpiece, characterized by multiplying the runout by a reference signal generated in synchronization with the runout, and measuring runout based on the multiplication result. 2. A device for measuring runout of a workpiece, which includes: a workpiece holding/rotating means for rotating the workpiece; an unevenness detection signal outputting means for detecting the unevenness of the surface of the rotated workpiece as a signal; A workpiece characterized by comprising: means for outputting a reference rotation signal synchronized with the rotation of the piece; multiplication means for multiplying the unevenness detection signal by the reference rotation signal; and runout calculation means for calculating runout based on the multiplication result. Runout measuring device. 3. The workpiece runout measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the unevenness detection signal output means is capable of detecting unevenness in a non-contact state, and the workpiece holding and rotating means allows the workpiece to be rotated in any direction. It is characterized in that it rotates at a rotational speed. 4. The workpiece runout measuring device according to claim 2 or 3 further includes a configuration for testing unbalance of the workpiece, and the runout measurement is performed at the same rotation speed as the unbalance test. It is characterized by being