JPH03167307A - Ultra high-speed spinning and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively prevent end breakage by supplying superheated steam to a heating column and subjecting a thermoplastic polymer to high speed spinning at >= a fixed speed while bringing superheated steam to yarn having >=100 deg.C surface temperature. CONSTITUTION:In subjecting a thermoplastic synthetic polymer such as polyester delivered from a spinneret to high-speed spinning at >=6,000m/minute, superheated steam is supplied to a heating column at a position a fixed distance apart from the surface of the spinneret and the polymer is spun while bringing the superheated steam into contact with yarn having >=100 deg.C surface temperature to carry out ultrahigh-speed spinning.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for melt spinning thermoplastic polymers such as polyester. More specifically, thermoplastic synthetic polymers, particularly polyesters, are melt-spun to obtain 6.0
Relating to a method and device for winding at a speed higher than 00 m/min. [Prior Art] Conventionally, thermoplastic polymers such as polyester are spun in air.

In this case, particularly when ultra-high speed spinning is performed where the winding speed exceeds 6,000 m/min, air resistance increases, resulting in increased yarn tension and causes defects such as yarn breakage.

In addition, in the case of ultra-high speed spinning, a phenomenon of drastic thinning of the yarn occurs during a certain process of forming the yarn. This is a very large problem because the faster the winding speed becomes, the higher the temperature is, and the above-mentioned thinning phenomenon occurs, and the thread diameter is instantly reduced from thicker to the final wound diameter. Tension is generated and the thread becomes easy to break. Furthermore, although this ultra-high-speed spinning device uses a heater surrounding the yarn directly below the spinneret, it is difficult to control the ambient temperature. That is, an amount of cold air commensurate with the amount entrained with the yarn rises from below into the heater, and the atmosphere reaches a certain temperature, making it impossible to create the optimal atmospheric temperature conditions for coagulation of the yarn.

Furthermore, by enclosing the area immediately below the spinneret, there is a problem that the scale around each molten polymer discharge hole of the spinneret becomes long in a short period of time, resulting in a short cleaning cycle. As a solution to this problem, there is a method of sucking the atmosphere around the spinneret to the outside. However, when this atmosphere is sucked outside, an amount of cold air corresponding to the amount of suction rises from below.
The temperature of this atmosphere drops and the thread breaks. Furthermore, JP-A No. 50-25811 discloses that in melt spinning, in order to make it difficult for scale to grow around the polymer outlet, water vapor is directly supplied near the spinneret to fill the area directly below the spinneret with water vapor. The method is disclosed. However, when spinning at high speeds of 6,000 m/min or higher using this method,
The yarn sways just below the spinneret, causing uneven fineness and yarn breakage, making it impossible to spin. In addition, in the melt spinning of polyester, the plasticizing effect of water vapor, that is, the lubricating effect of weakening the intermolecular forces between polymers and facilitating the movement of polymer chains, has been reported in JP-A-48-99420 and JP-A-56- It is disclosed in Publication No. 140117. That is, these publications disclose a method in which a spun molten filament is cooled to a temperature below the glass transition point and then brought into contact with water vapor. However, the method of bringing a molten filament-like material cooled to a temperature below the glass transition point into contact with water vapor is
When spinning at a speed higher than 1 minute, the plasticizing effect cannot be imparted, and thread breakage occurs, making spinning impossible. [Problems to be Solved] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventionally known method of spinning thermoplastic synthetic polymers such as polyester in air, and to provide a spinning method that does not cause yarn breakage. The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.

[Means to solve the problem]

A method for achieving the above object of the present invention is to spin a thermoplastic synthetic polymer discharged from a spinneret at a high speed of 6,000 m/min or more, at a position a certain distance 1i from the spinneret surface. The method is characterized in that superheated steam is introduced into the ripening cylinder, and spinning is carried out while bringing the superheated steam into contact with the yarn whose surface temperature is higher than 100°C.

A preferred ultrahigh speed spinning device for carrying out the method is:
It consists of one or more heating cylinders surrounding the thermoplastic synthetic polymer yarn and placed directly under the spinneret, and a cold air device installed adjacent to the heating cylinders, and superheated steam is introduced into the heating cylinder. The present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a supply straightening cylinder and a suction/exhaust device for discharging the superheated steam in the one or more heating cylinders. Here, the superheated steam supply position at a certain distance 1i111i11 is a distance of more than 50 degrees from the spinneret surface.
Preferably, the distance is in the range of 100 to 3,000 degrees, more preferably in the range of 150 to 2,500 degrees. More specifically, below the spinneret, the surface temperature of the yarn is 10
Is it higher than 0℃? When using a spinning device such as the one described above in which iJIQ is filled with superheated steam, the running yarn is accompanied by superheated steam, which has a density lower than that of air, so the yarn tension is reduced, and the water vapor also On the surface of the polymer thread, the intermolecular force between the polymers is weakened,
It provides a plasticizing effect that makes it easier for the polymer chains to move, and as a result, the thread thinning phenomenon that occurs during the thread formation process is slower than in air, making the thread less likely to break. Furthermore, due to the plasticizing effect of the water vapor, the polymer becomes easier to orient, and the strength of the obtained yarn becomes higher than when spinning in air.

Furthermore, since the atmosphere near the spinneret is constantly refreshed, scale is less likely to grow around the polymer discharge port, and as a result, the regular cleaning cycle can be lengthened.

The reason why the superheated steam region is limited to the region where the surface temperature of the yarn is higher than 100°C is because, in general, in the case of melt spinning, the molten polymer is released by releasing heat from the surface of the yarn into the surrounding atmosphere. It solidifies. Therefore, the temperature of the atmosphere must be lower than the surface temperature of the yarn.

Furthermore, the saturation temperature of water vapor under 1 atm is 100°C, and at temperatures lower than this, water vapor will condense.
It becomes impossible to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

Therefore, superheated steam can be used only in a region where the surface temperature of the yarn is higher than 100°C.

Strictly speaking, if the atmospheric pressure is lower than 1 atm, the saturation temperature will be lower than 100"C, and the region of superheated steam can be expanded to a lower temperature side. The purpose of the present invention is achieved. In the present invention, polyester is mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate, and may contain other components. Other components include, for example, isophthalate. acid,
These include sulfoisophthalic acid, adivic acid, neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, glycerin, polyethylene glycol, and other known ones can be used. These polyesters have an intrinsic viscosity [η] (measured in a 35° Co-chlorophenol solution) of 0.3 to 1.
0, especially 0.5 to 0.8 is preferred.

Further, other thermoplastic synthetic polymers referred to in the present invention include nylon 66. Nylon 66 refers to polyhexamethylene adipamide polymerized from hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid, but it also contains small amounts of commonly used additives, such as matting agents, antistatic agents, stabilizers, and terminal regulators. etc. and a small amount of copolymerizable components within the range that does not deteriorate the physical properties of nylon 66. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate an example of a preferred apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the spinning device according to the present invention has a spindle l
A heater 3 surrounds the discharged molten polymer 2a, a nozzle 4 is provided inside the heater 3 for sucking and exhausting the internal atmosphere to the outside, and a rectifying cylinder is provided below the nozzle 4 for supplying superheated steam. 5, and a cold air supply section 6 for cooling the yarn is provided at the bottom thereof. The yarn 2b cooled in the above process is applied with an oil agent by an oiling nozzle 7 provided below, and at the same time is converged, and the yarn 2b is collectively installed below at an ultra-high speed of 6,000 m/min or more. It is wound up using a winding machine. The nozzle 4 is used only in the initial stage, when the air inside the heater 3 is replaced with water vapor, and after that, the heater 3 is naturally filled with the amount of water vapor that is entrained by the yarn. It may also be used to supply water vapor inside. In order to control the temperature distribution of the atmosphere inside the heater 3, a porous tube 4' as shown in FIG. 2 is used instead of the nozzle 4 to control the atmosphere inside the heater 3. may be actively sucked and exhausted to the outside. In addition, the water vapor supply section is
As shown in FIG. 3, the water may be supplied from the middle of the heater. Furthermore, in order to increase the temperature distribution of the atmosphere closer to the spinneret 1 and lower it closer to the cold air section 6, the superheated steam supply section 5a. 5b, and the temperature of the superheated steam supplied is made higher on the 5a side. The heater is also 3a. Divide into multiple parts like 3b3c, 3
Set the temperature on side a higher. In the case of Fig. 4, superheated steam supply sections are provided at two locations, but three or more locations may be provided. Regarding the temperature, to give an example, the temperature of the spinneret 1 and the molten polymer 2a is 295°C, the set temperature of the heater 3 is 260°C, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the rectifier cylinder 5 is 260"C, and the temperature of the cold air is 260"C. The temperature of the cold air supplied from the device 6 is 18°C. [Example] Next, the method shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention and the conventional spinning method, that is, the same applicant as the applicant of the present invention, tte Showa 60
Patent application No. 168525 (Sho 62-
No. 33815), without applying superheated steam, as disclosed in Figure 6 (shown as Figure 5 in this application) of ``Multi-spindle spinning method and apparatus for thermoplastic synthetic polymer'' filed as Table 1 shows the comparison results with the spinning method. Table 1 (Brand: Polyester Multifilament 50d/24
f) Intrinsic viscosity of the chip used [η) -0.67 The pore diameter of the spinneret used was 0.67. 3. The center position of the superheated steam injection is 7 points below the spinneret surface.
0cm+L=(distance between spinneret and neck point l!!I) The yarn is passed through the oiling nozzle at a position 160Cl1 below from the spinneret.
It is focused at 7.

The yarn tension measurement position is a point 10 cm below the yarn convergence point. [Effects of the Invention] By using the spinning method and spinning device according to the present invention, the winding speed is faster than 6,000 m/min, so-called ultra-high speed. In the spinning process, when melt spinning polyester etc.
Due to the reduction of yarn tension and the plasticizing effect of water vapor, yarn breakage can be significantly reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of a spinning device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a front view showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is a perforated cylinder for sucking and exhausting the internal atmosphere to the outside. be. 3 and 4 are front views showing an apparatus for supplying superheated steam, which is another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a front view showing the spinning device used in the comparative example. l... Spinneret, 2a... Molten polymer 3.3
a, 3b. 3c-"heater, 4.4', 4a, 4b.4c-... suction exhaust device,
5.5a, 5b... Rectifier tube for supplying superheated steam, 6...
・Cold air device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The thermoplastic synthetic polymer discharged from the spinneret, 6.
When spinning at a high speed of 000 m/min or more, superheated steam is introduced into the heating cylinder at a certain distance from the surface of the spinneret, and while the superheated steam is brought into contact with the yarn whose surface temperature is higher than 100 °C. An ultra-high-speed spinning method characterized by spinning. 2. Consisting of one or more heating cylinders surrounding the thermoplastic synthetic polymer yarn and placed directly below the spinneret, and a cold air device installed adjacent to the heating cylinders, into which superheated steam is introduced. 1. An ultrahigh-speed spinning apparatus characterized in that a rectifying tube for supplying superheated steam, and a suction/exhaust device for discharging the superheated steam in the one or more heating tubes are provided.