JPH03163887A - Bioelement - Google Patents
BioelementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03163887A JPH03163887A JP1303547A JP30354789A JPH03163887A JP H03163887 A JPH03163887 A JP H03163887A JP 1303547 A JP1303547 A JP 1303547A JP 30354789 A JP30354789 A JP 30354789A JP H03163887 A JPH03163887 A JP H03163887A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- substance
- membrane potential
- substrate
- liposome
- olfactory
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 sphygomyelin Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylethanolamin Natural products NCCOP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008104 phosphatidylethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylserin Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000106 biosimilars Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008786 sensory perception of smell Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000014860 sensory perception of taste Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001339 gustatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000232 Lipid Bilayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940043350 citral Drugs 0.000 description 4
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002523 lectin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-RKDXNWHRSA-N (+)-isomenthone Natural products CC(C)[C@H]1CC[C@@H](C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZZWOHXAWGVETD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)O.C12(C(=O)CC(CC1)C2(C)C)C Chemical compound C(C)(=O)O.C12(C(=O)CC(CC1)C2(C)C)C PZZWOHXAWGVETD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004856 Lectins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001090 Lectins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menthone Chemical compound CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-OAHLLOKOSA-N Muscone Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)C1 ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMGVPVSNSZLJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nux Vomica Natural products C1C2C3C4N(C=5C6=CC=CC=5)C(=O)CC3OCC=C2CN2C1C46CC2 QMGVPVSNSZLJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108050002069 Olfactory receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000012547 Olfactory receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940074995 bromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 108010074605 gamma-Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091005708 gustatory receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930007503 menthone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N muskone Natural products CC1CCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)C1 ALHUZKCOMYUFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000196 olfactory nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000948 quinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036327 taste response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/36—Regeneration of waste pickling liquors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/127—Liposomes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
この発明は、生物の化学情報処理機能を模倣したバイオ
素子に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a bioelement that imitates the chemical information processing function of living organisms.
(従来の技術)
従来のコンピューターは、シリコン半導体素子等によっ
て構成されでおり、フ才ン・ノイマン(von Neu
mann)方式によって直列型の論理演算を実行するも
の(以下、ノイマン型コンピューターと称する。)であ
った。しかしこの方式は、論理演算を正確に行うことは
出来たが、多数の情報処理を同時に並行して行うことが
困難でありパターン認識等は不得意であるという欠点を
有していた。(Prior Art) A conventional computer is constructed of silicon semiconductor elements, etc.
mann) method (hereinafter referred to as a Neumann computer). However, although this method was able to perform logical operations accurately, it had the disadvantage that it was difficult to process a large number of information in parallel, and it was not good at pattern recognition.
これに対し高等生物は、周知の通り、パターン認識等を
容易に行なう。従って、脳に見られるようなパターン認
識や学習・記憶機能がどのような原理に基づいて実行ざ
れているのが、またどのような素子によって実行ざれて
いるのかについて解明をしこれらを模倣すれば、ノイマ
ン型コンピュータでは満足し得ながった様々な機能もつ
コンピュータ例えばバイオコンピュータの実現が可能に
なると期待ざれでいる。On the other hand, higher organisms easily perform pattern recognition, etc., as is well known. Therefore, if we can clarify the principles on which the pattern recognition and learning/memory functions found in the brain are carried out, and what kinds of elements are used to carry out the functions, then we can imitate these functions. It is hoped that it will become possible to realize computers with various functions that could not be satisfied with the Neumann type computer, such as biocomputers.
例えば、生体の機能のうちの味覚や嗅覚のような化学感
覚即ち化学情報処理機能は、例えば文献(「ハリ7−
イJ Vol.02, No. 12. p. 2(
1987)丸善)に説明されており、以下に説明するよ
うなものである。第5図(A)〜(C)はその説明に供
する図であり、特に第5図(A)は昧細胞を概略的に示
した図、第5図(B)は嗅細胞壱概略的に示した図、第
5図(C)は化学物質(刺激物質と称されることもある
。)の濃度、細胞電位及び神経インパルスの関係を示し
た図である。For example, among biological functions, chemical senses such as taste and smell, that is, chemical information processing functions, are
Lee J Vol. 02, No. 12. p. 2(
(1987) Maruzen), and is as described below. Figures 5(A) to 5(C) are diagrams for explaining this, in particular, Figure 5(A) is a diagram schematically showing the olfactory cell, and Figure 5(B) is a diagram schematically showing the olfactory cell. The diagram shown, FIG. 5(C), is a diagram showing the relationship between the concentration of a chemical substance (sometimes referred to as a stimulant), cell potential, and nerve impulse.
化学物質か、昧細胞の味受容膜11ヤ嗅細胞の嗅受容膜
21に吸着すると細胞電位が変化する。この電位変化は
、化学物質の濃度が高い程アナログ的に大きくなる(第
5図(C)参照)。When a chemical substance is adsorbed to the taste receptor membrane 11 of a taste cell or the olfactory receptor membrane 21 of an olfactory cell, the cell potential changes. This potential change becomes larger in an analog manner as the concentration of the chemical substance becomes higher (see FIG. 5(C)).
そして、昧細胞の場合は、細胞電位が変化すると伝達物
質か放出ざれ、これが昧神経13の末端に作用して昧神
経13にインパルスを発生させる。なお、第5図(A)
において15はシナブスである。In the case of a parasitic cell, when the cell potential changes, a transmitter is released, which acts on the terminal of the parasitic nerve 13 and generates an impulse in the parasitic nerve 13. In addition, Fig. 5 (A)
15 is Cinnabus.
方、嗅細胞の場合は、細胞電位か変化するとシナブスを
介さすに嗅神経23から直接インパルスが発生する。On the other hand, in the case of olfactory cells, when the cell potential changes, an impulse is generated directly from the olfactory nerve 23 via synapses.
このようなインパルスは、神経細胞間を伝播してゆきニ
ューロンで構成ざれている脳に達しここで高度に情報処
理ざれる。These impulses propagate between nerve cells and reach the brain, which is made up of neurons, where information is processed at a high level.
このように、味覚では昧細胞の電位変化の場が、また嗅
覚では嗅細胞の電位変化の場が脳で情報処理ざれてパタ
ーン認識される。In this way, in the sense of taste, the field of potential changes in olfactory cells is processed, and in the sense of smell, the field of potential changes in olfactory cells is processed in the brain and recognized as a pattern.
そして、味覚を模倣した研究としては、例えば文献の(
膜(MENBRANE) .12(4),p.231−
237(1987)、「合成脂質膜における味覚応答」
)に開示のものがあった。これによれば、ミリポアフィ
ルタに合成脂質ジオレイルホスフエートを吸着させた膜
が苦み物質に応答することが述べられている。As for research that imitates taste, for example, the literature (
MEMBRANE. 12(4), p. 231-
237 (1987), “Taste Response in Synthetic Lipid Membranes”
) was disclosed. According to this document, it is stated that a membrane in which a synthetic lipid dioleyl phosphate is adsorbed onto a Millipore filter responds to bitter substances.
また、嗅覚を模倣した研究としでは、例えば文献■(バ
イオケミストリ−(Biochemistry ),2
6,p.6135(1987))または文献■(バイ才
ケミストリー(Biochemistry ),26.
p.614[1987))に開示のものがあった。文
献■によれば、アゾレクチンを用いて形威したリポソー
ムを含む懸濁液か、また文献■によればホスファチジル
コリンやフォスパチジルエタノールアミン等ヲ用いて形
成したリポソームを含む懸濁液が、二オイ物質に応答す
ることが述べられている。In addition, as for research that imitates the sense of smell, for example, see the literature ■ (Biochemistry),
6, p. 6135 (1987)) or literature ■ (Biochemistry), 26.
p. 614 [1987)). According to literature ■, a suspension containing liposomes formed using azolectin or a suspension containing liposomes formed using phosphatidylcholine, phospatidylethanolamine, etc. It is stated that it responds to substances.
(発明が解決しようとする課題)
しかしながら、上述した味覚を模倣した従来技術はフィ
ルタの小孔を利用した研究であり、嗅覚を模倣した従来
技術は懸濁液での研究であり、いずれも、生物の味覚、
嗅覚を模倣した情報処理形態をもつバイオコンピュータ
を構築するには技術的1こ満足のゆくものではなかった
。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the conventional technology that imitates the sense of taste described above is a study that utilizes the small pores of a filter, and the conventional technology that imitates the sense of smell is a study using a suspension. taste of living things,
The technical aspects of building a biocomputer with a form of information processing that mimics the sense of smell were unsatisfactory.
この発明はこのような点に鑑みなされたものであり、従
ってこの発明の目的は、生物の味覚・嗅覚を模倣した情
報処理形態を持つバイオコンピュータの構築に利用出来
るようなバイオ素子を提供することにある。This invention has been made in view of these points, and therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a bioelement that can be used to construct a biocomputer that has an information processing form that imitates the sense of taste and smell of living things. It is in.
(課題を解決するための手段)
この目的の達戊を図るため、この発明のバイオ素子によ
れば、生体物質及び生体類似物質の一方又は双方を用い
で形成ざれたリポソームであって味覚物質及び嗅覚物質
の一方又は双方の吸着により膜電位変化を生じるリポソ
ームを基板上に二次元配列して成ることを特徴とする。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, the biodevice of the present invention provides a liposome formed using one or both of a biological substance and a biosimilar substance, which contains a taste substance and It is characterized by a two-dimensional arrangement of liposomes on a substrate that cause a change in membrane potential upon adsorption of one or both of the olfactory substances.
なお、この発明の実施に当たり、前述のリポソームを脂
質ホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルエタノールア
ミン、ホスファチジルセリン、スフィゴミエリン及びコ
レステロールの中から選ばれた一種又は二種以上の物質
で構成するのが好適である。In carrying out the present invention, it is preferable that the aforementioned liposome is composed of one or more substances selected from the lipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphygomyelin, and cholesterol.
または、前述のリポソームを合成脂質ジオレイルホスフ
エートで構戊するのが好適である。Alternatively, it is preferable to construct the aforementioned liposome with the synthetic lipid dioleyl phosphate.
さらに、前述のリポソーム内に膜電位感受牲蛍光色素を
内包させるのが好適である。Furthermore, it is preferable to encapsulate a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye within the aforementioned liposome.
さらに、前述のリポソームは、基板上に抗原抗体反応を
利用して固定するのが好適である。Furthermore, the aforementioned liposome is preferably immobilized on a substrate using an antigen-antibody reaction.
(作用)
この発明のバイオ素子によれば、味覚物質及び嗅覚物質
の一方又は双方の吸着により膜電位変化を生じるリポソ
ーム(人工小胞)を基板上に二次元配列してあるため、
生体の昧細胞での膜電位変化及び又は生体の嗅細胞での
膜電位変化の場と同様な膜電位変化の場が得られる。(Function) According to the biodevice of the present invention, liposomes (artificial vesicles) that cause a change in membrane potential by adsorption of one or both of taste substances and olfactory substances are arranged two-dimensionally on the substrate.
A field of membrane potential change similar to that of a living body's olfactory cells and/or a membrane potential change field of a living body's olfactory cells can be obtained.
ここで、リポソームを脂質ホスファチジルコリン、ホス
ファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスノアチジルセリン、
スフィゴミエリン及びコレステロールの中から選ばれた
一種又は二種以上の物質で構威した場合は、嗅覚物質で
あるムスコン、0ヨノン、シトラール、メントン、カン
ファ一酢酸一〇−アミル、ノナノール、オリタノール、
ヘキサノール及びペンタノール等の中の1種又は複数種
の物質に対し応答し膜電位変化を生じる。Here, liposomes are combined with the lipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphonoatidylserine,
When it is composed of one or more substances selected from sphygomyelin and cholesterol, the olfactory substances muscone, 0ionone, citral, menthone, camphor monoacetate 10-amyl, nonanol, oritanol,
It responds to one or more substances such as hexanol and pentanol and causes a change in membrane potential.
また、リポソームを合成脂質ジオレイルホスフエートで
構威した場合は、苦味物質であるストリキニーネ、ビク
リン酸、キニーネ、ニコチン、カフェイン及びテ才ブロ
ミン、並びに、甘味物質であるサツ力ロース、ラクトー
ス、グルコース、ノラクトース及びガラクトースの中の
1種又は複数の物質に対し応答し膜電位変化を生し、ざ
らに、一価イオンK+、Na+、■十に応答し膜電位変
化を生じる。In addition, when liposomes are composed of synthetic lipid dioleyl phosphate, bitter substances such as strychnine, bicric acid, quinine, nicotine, caffeine, and bromine, as well as sweet substances such as sugar syrup, lactose, and glucose, can be added. , nolactose, and galactose, causing a change in membrane potential, and moreover, responding to monovalent ions K+, Na+, and 10, causing a change in membrane potential.
また、リポソーム内に膜電位感受性蛍光色素を内包させ
た場合は、膜電位変化の場と、この場にに対応する蛍光
強度変化の場とが得られる。Furthermore, when a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye is encapsulated in a liposome, a field of membrane potential change and a field of fluorescence intensity change corresponding to this field are obtained.
また、リポソームの基板への固定を抗原一抗体反応によ
り行うと、その手順としてば先ず基板に抗体から戒る膜
を形成しこれの不要部分を例えばガリウムイオン等のイ
オンビーム等を照射して変性除去し残存する抗体により
任意の二次元パターンを作戊し、その後この抗体Cこリ
ボソームを固定することが出来る。このため、リポソー
ム自体がイオンビーム等によって直接加工されることが
ないため、リポソームの変質を生しさせることなく任意
の二次元パターンのバイオ素子が得られる。In addition, when immobilizing liposomes on a substrate by an antigen-antibody reaction, the procedure is to first form a film from the antibody on the substrate, and then denature unnecessary parts of this film by irradiating it with an ion beam such as gallium ions. Any two-dimensional pattern can be created using the removed and remaining antibody, and then this antibody C ribosome can be immobilized. Therefore, since the liposome itself is not directly processed by an ion beam or the like, a bioelement with an arbitrary two-dimensional pattern can be obtained without causing any deterioration of the liposome.
(実施例)
以下、図面を参照して、この発明のバイオ素子の実施例
につき詳細に説明する。なお、説明に用いる各図は、こ
の発明を理解出来る程度に各構成成分の寸法、形状及び
配置関係を概略的1こ示してある。(Example) Hereinafter, examples of the biodevice of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that each figure used in the explanation schematically shows the dimensions, shapes, and arrangement relationships of each component to the extent that the present invention can be understood.
ヅヨ代と二為1東4繋
始めに、生体物貢及び生体類似物質を用いて形或され、
嗅覚物質の吸着により膜電位変化を生じるリポソームを
以下に説明するように調整する。At the beginning of the Zuyo era and the 2nd 1st and 4th eras, it was formed using biological materials and biological analogues.
A liposome that causes a change in membrane potential upon adsorption of an olfactory substance is prepared as described below.
先ず、下記■式で示されるレシチンを主戒分とする大豆
リン脂質アゾレクチン(シグマ社製。以下、アゾレクチ
ンと略称することもある。)を99重量%、下記■式で
示されるリン脂質抗原を1重量%の割合で含む混合脂質
を用意する。但し、■式中の白は、アルキル基(C,,
H2.,+1)である。また、■式で示されるリン脂質
抗原は合成により得でいる。First, 99% by weight of soybean phospholipid azo-lectin (manufactured by Sigma Co., Ltd., hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as azo-lectin) whose main component is lecithin shown by the following formula (■), and a phospholipid antigen shown by the following formula (■) A mixed lipid containing 1% by weight is prepared. However, the white in the formula (■) represents an alkyl group (C,,
H2. , +1). In addition, the phospholipid antigen represented by formula (1) can be obtained by synthesis.
一方、膜電位感受性蛍光色素としての例えば上記■式で
示される3,3′−ジブロビルチオ力ルポシアニンヨウ
化物(日本感光色素製の商品名diS−C3(5) )
%含み、KCj2V93rnM及びNaClを7’m
Mの濃度で含む水溶液を用意する。ここで、diS−C
3(5)の含有量は、必要とする蛍光強度が得られるよ
うな値にする。蛍光強度を得ない場合は、dis−Cs
(5)は用いない。On the other hand, as a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye, for example, 3,3'-dibrobylthiocyanine iodide represented by the above formula (1) (trade name diS-C3 (5) manufactured by Nippon Kanko Shiki Co., Ltd.)
%, KCj2V93rnM and NaCl 7'm
An aqueous solution containing M at a concentration is prepared. Here, diS-C
The content of 3(5) is set to such a value that the required fluorescence intensity can be obtained. If no fluorescence intensity is obtained, dis-Cs
(5) is not used.
次1こ、この水溶液に上述の混合脂質を分散させる。ざ
ら{こ、得られた脂質懸濁液に対し超音波をかけた後こ
の懸濁液を100.0009の条件で遠心分離機にかけ
る。遠心分離後の上清に含まれているリポソームを、こ
の発明のバイオ素子構築のために用いる。Next, the above mixed lipid is dispersed in this aqueous solution. After applying ultrasonic waves to the obtained lipid suspension, the suspension is centrifuged under the conditions of 100.0009. Liposomes contained in the supernatant after centrifugation are used to construct the biodevice of this invention.
以上のように調整したリポソームの構造の模式図を第2
図ζこ示す。第2図からも理解出来るように、このリポ
ンーム30は、アゾレクチン31で構或ざれる脂質二重
層を有しその内部に膜電位感受性蛍光色素としてのdi
S−C3(5) 33G内包しでいる。A schematic diagram of the structure of the liposome prepared as described above is shown in the second figure.
Figure ζ is shown. As can be understood from FIG. 2, this lipome 30 has a lipid bilayer composed of azo lectin 31 and contains di as a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye.
S-C3 (5) Contains 33G.
さらに、リン脂質抗原35は、■式からも理解出来るよ
うに、その親木基に芳香環を有するため、頭部極性基が
嵩高〈なっている。従って、リン脂質抗原35は、脂質
二重層の曲率の大きい側即ち脂質重層の外側に存在する
確率が高く、第2図に示すよう1こ脂質二重層の外側壁
に存在する。Furthermore, as can be understood from the formula (2), the phospholipid antigen 35 has an aromatic ring in its parent group, so the head polar group is bulky. Therefore, there is a high probability that the phospholipid antigen 35 exists on the side of the lipid bilayer with greater curvature, that is, on the outside of the lipid bilayer, and as shown in FIG. 2, it exists on the outer wall of the lipid bilayer.
リポソームの、゛゛査
次Cこ、上述の如く調整したリポソームの特性を調べる
ために、少量のリポソーム懸濁液(上述の上清)を、K
CuV7mM及びNaCu!93mMの濃度で含む水溶
液に加え攪拌する。次に、攪拌の終えた溶液中にニオイ
物貢であるノナノールを添加しその後10秒経過後にこ
の溶液に対し波長622nmの光を照射してこの溶液を
励起させて波長670nrnの蛍光強度(F)を測定す
る。Examination of liposomes In order to investigate the properties of the liposomes prepared as described above, a small amount of the liposome suspension (supernatant as described above) was
CuV7mM and NaCu! It is added to an aqueous solution containing a concentration of 93 mM and stirred. Next, nonanol, which is an odorant, is added to the stirred solution, and after 10 seconds, the solution is irradiated with light with a wavelength of 622 nm to excite this solution, and the fluorescence intensity (F) at a wavelength of 670 nm is obtained. Measure.
また、上述の蛍光強度の測定とは別にリポソームの膜電
位変化(脱分極が正)ΔEV微小電極により直接測定す
る。さらに、ノナノールを順次追加しでゆきその都度蛍
光強度及び膜電位変化を上述の方法に従い測定する。こ
のような処理及び測定を、二才イ物貢をシトラールとし
た場合、二オイ物質を酢酸一口−アミルとした場合それ
ぞれついて行なう。In addition to the above-mentioned measurement of fluorescence intensity, changes in the membrane potential of liposomes (positive depolarization) are directly measured using a ΔEV microelectrode. Furthermore, nonanol is added one after another, and the fluorescence intensity and membrane potential change are measured each time according to the method described above. Such treatments and measurements are carried out when citral is used as the dioxic substance, and when amyl acetate is used as the dioxygen substance.
各二オイ物貢の濃度に対する蛍光強度(「)及び膜電位
夫々の測定結果を、縦軸に蛍光強度の変化率Δ「(%)
及び膜電位変化ΔE (mV)をとり、横軸にニオイ物
質の濃度12 0 9 (CXM)をとり第3図Cこ示
す。ここで、ΔFは下記■式Cこより求まる。但し、■
式中のF。とは、二才イ物質を添加しない場合の蛍光強
度である。また、第3図中、工で示す特性はノナノール
のもの、IIで示す特性はシトラールのもの、■で示す
特性は酢酸一口−アミルのものである。The measurement results of the fluorescence intensity ( ) and membrane potential for each concentration of two monomers are plotted on the vertical axis as the rate of change in fluorescence intensity Δ(%).
and membrane potential change ΔE (mV), and the concentration of odorant 12 0 9 (CXM) is plotted on the horizontal axis, as shown in FIG. 3C. Here, ΔF is determined from the following formula (2). However,■
F in the formula. is the fluorescence intensity when no two-year-old substance is added. Further, in FIG. 3, the properties indicated by 1 are those of nonanol, the properties indicated by II are those of citral, and the properties indicated by ■ are those of amyl acetate.
ΔF=Ioo (F Fo ) /Fo ・・・
■第3図からも明らかなよう1こ、ΔF、ΔE夫々の変
化具合は両者でほぼ一致しており、上述の如く調整した
リポソームは、二才イ物質の濃度変化を膜電位変化に変
換し、ざらにその膜電位変化をリポソームに内包ざれた
蛍光色素の蛍光強度変化に変換出来るものであることが
分る。ΔF=Ioo (F Fo )/Fo...
■As is clear from Figure 3, the degree of change in 1, ΔF, and ΔE is almost the same for both, and the liposome prepared as described above converts the concentration change of the 2-year substance into a change in membrane potential. It can be seen that the change in membrane potential can be roughly converted into a change in the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent dye encapsulated in the liposome.
リポソームの懸濁液による第3図に示したような特性は
、上述した文献■(バイオケミストリ(Biochem
istry ),26. p.6135(1987))
に示されでいる実験結果とほぼ一致する。The properties shown in Figure 3 of liposome suspensions are described in the above-mentioned literature
istry), 26. p. 6135 (1987))
This is almost in agreement with the experimental results shown in .
几 ・ 基の多
次に、この発明のバイオ素子を構成するため、基板に抗
体を単分子膜として形成する処理操作(ごついて説明す
る。この実施例では、基板表面の平面性と処理操作の簡
便さとから基板としてガラス基板を用いた場合につき説
明する。しかし、基板は、ポリスチレン等、その他任意
好適な材料からなる基板としても良い。几・Next, in order to construct the biodevice of the present invention, a processing operation for forming an antibody as a monomolecular film on a substrate will be explained.In this example, the flatness of the substrate surface and the processing operation For simplicity, a case will be described in which a glass substrate is used as the substrate. However, the substrate may be made of any other suitable material such as polystyrene.
ます、オクタデシルトリク口ロシランに基板を予め浸潰
することによって、基板表面を疎水化処理する。First, the substrate surface is hydrophobized by pre-immersing the substrate in octadecyltrichloride silane.
また、リン脂質抗原35(第2図参照。特に■式のリン
脂質抗原の芳香環近傍)に対して得られた抗体γ−グロ
プリンを、ラングミュアープロジェット( Lan9m
uir−Blodqett)膜形戒装置の水槽のサブフ
エイズ水溶液上に展開し、水溶液表面を圧縮することに
よって水溶液上に抗体の単分子膜を形戊する。この単分
子膜は、抗体分子の持つ極性分布のため、ある一定の方
向性、即ち抗体の抗原との結合領域を下にして形成され
る。In addition, the antibody γ-globulin obtained against phospholipid antigen 35 (see Figure 2, especially near the aromatic ring of the
A monomolecular film of the antibody is formed on the aqueous solution by spreading it on the subphase aqueous solution in the water tank of the membrane-forming device and compressing the surface of the aqueous solution. Due to the polar distribution of antibody molecules, this monolayer is formed in a certain direction, ie, with the antigen-binding region of the antibody facing down.
続いて、この抗体からなる単分子膜を水平付着法により
、表面を疎水化処理した基板の表面に移し取り、基板上
に18膜を形成する。第4図は、この状態の基板41を
模式的に示した基板断面図である。43は抗体からなる
LB膜を示している。抗体は、抗原との結合領域が基板
41側とは反対側(基板上方方向)1Fr向くように移
し取られる。Subsequently, this monomolecular film made of the antibody is transferred onto the surface of a substrate whose surface has been made hydrophobic by a horizontal adhesion method, thereby forming 18 films on the substrate. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the substrate 41 schematically showing the substrate 41 in this state. 43 indicates an LB membrane made of antibodies. The antibody is transferred so that the antigen-binding region faces 1Fr on the side opposite to the substrate 41 side (in the upward direction of the substrate).
なお、この実施例では、1B膜形成装置を用いて基板4
1の表面上に抗体を付着させていたが、簡単のためには
、抗体を適当な溶液に溶解させこの溶液に疎水処理を施
した基板41を直接浸潰しても、抗体を基板41上に吸
着させることができる。In this example, a 1B film forming apparatus is used to form the substrate 4.
However, for simplicity, it is possible to dissolve the antibody in an appropriate solution and directly immerse the hydrophobically treated substrate 41 in this solution. It can be adsorbed.
リポソームの二冫一配1
次に、抗体のLB膜が形成された基板41をリボソーム
懸濁液(上述の上清)中に浸漬することによって抗原一
抗体反応を行なわせて、リポソームを基板41上に二次
元配列させる。この結果、実施例のバイオ素子を得る。Next, the substrate 41 on which the LB film of the antibody is formed is immersed in the ribosome suspension (the above-mentioned supernatant) to perform an antigen-antibody reaction, and the liposome is transferred to the substrate 41. Make a two-dimensional array on top. As a result, the biodevice of Example is obtained.
第1図(A)及び(B)は、このバイオ素子の説明に供
する図であり、特に第1図(A)は、リポソーム30が
基板41に固定ざれた状態を模式的に示した図、第1図
(B)は実施例のバイオ素子の一部分を模式的に示した
図である。FIGS. 1(A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining this biodevice, and in particular, FIG. 1(A) is a diagram schematically showing a state in which liposomes 30 are fixed to a substrate 41; FIG. 1(B) is a diagram schematically showing a part of the biodevice of the example.
なお、リポソームを所定の二次元的なパターンで配列す
る場合、先ず基板41上の抗体から成るLB膜43の不
要部分を例えばガリウムイオン等のイオンビーム、或い
はエレクトロンビームを走査しながら照射して変性除去
し残存する抗体により所定の二次元パターンを作威し、
その後この抗体にリポソームを固定させて行うのが好適
である。この方法によれば、リポソーム自体がイオンビ
ームやエレクトロンビームによって加工されることがな
いため、リポソームの変質が防止出来好適である。Note that when arranging liposomes in a predetermined two-dimensional pattern, first the unnecessary portions of the LB film 43 made of antibodies on the substrate 41 are denatured by irradiating them with an ion beam such as gallium ions or a scanning electron beam. After removal, the remaining antibodies create a predetermined two-dimensional pattern,
It is then preferable to immobilize the liposome on this antibody. According to this method, since the liposome itself is not processed by an ion beam or an electron beam, deterioration of the liposome can be prevented, which is preferable.
二オイ に る応窯 確一
次に、上述の如く作製した実施例のバイオ素子を、KC
uを7mM及びNa(1%93mMの濃度で含む水溶液
中に浸潰し、この水溶液中1こニオイ物貢であるノナノ
ール、シトラール、また酢酸−n−アミルを添加して、
上述のリポソーム懸濁液の場合と同様な手順に従い蛍光
強度変化及び膜電位変化を測定する。Next, the biodevice of the example prepared as described above was placed in the KC
U was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 7mM and Na (1% 93mM), and in this aqueous solution, nonanol, citral, and n-amyl acetate, which are odorants, were added.
Fluorescence intensity changes and membrane potential changes are measured according to the same procedure as in the case of the liposome suspension described above.
この結果、バイオ素子の状態においても、第3図と同様
、リポソームの膜電位変化に対応する蛍光強度変化を示
すことが分った。As a result, it was found that even in the state of the biodevice, the fluorescence intensity changes corresponding to changes in the membrane potential of the liposomes, as shown in FIG. 3.
上述においては、この発明のバイオ素子の実施例につき
説明したが、この発明は上述の実施例のみに限定ざれる
ものではなく、以下{こ説明するような種々の変更又は
変形を加えることが出来る。Although the embodiments of the biodevice of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made as described below. .
まず、上述の実施例で述べたバイオ素子の作製法及びそ
の際の数値的条件、また、バイオ素子作製に用いた材料
は、この発明の理解を容易にするための好適例であり、
この発明の目的の範囲内で設計の変更等が可能であるこ
とは明らかである。First, the method for producing a biodevice, the numerical conditions used therein, and the materials used for producing the biodevice described in the above-mentioned examples are preferred examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
It is clear that changes in design are possible within the scope of the purpose of this invention.
また、上述の実施例では同種のリポソームを基板全面に
2次元配列する場合について述べたが、例えば上述の文
献■(バイ才ケミストリ−(Biochemistry
).26. p.614[1987))に示されるよ
うな、脂質構戊が異なり二オイ物質に対しで異なった応
答特性を示す数種のリポソームを基板の異なった領域に
配列させても良い。このような構或にすれば、種々の二
オイ物質の応答が可能になることにより、また、各領域
の蛍光強度変化を同時に測定することにより、より高度
な認識が可能になる。また、蛍光波長の異なる膜電位感
受性蛍光色素を内包する複数種のリポソームを調整し、
これらを基板に配列させても良い。In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a case was described in which the same type of liposomes were two-dimensionally arranged on the entire surface of the substrate, but for example, the above-mentioned document
). 26. p. 614 [1987)], several types of liposomes having different lipid structures and exhibiting different response characteristics to dioxin substances may be arranged in different regions of the substrate. With such a structure, more sophisticated recognition becomes possible by enabling responses of various dioxin substances and by simultaneously measuring changes in fluorescence intensity in each region. In addition, we prepared multiple types of liposomes containing membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dyes with different fluorescence wavelengths,
These may be arranged on a substrate.
また、上述の文献■(膜(MENBRANE) ,+2
(4).p.231−237(1987)に示されるよ
うな各種味覚物質に応答する脂質ジオレイルホスフエイ
トを用いたリポソームを基板に実施例の如く2次元配列
することにより、味覚物質を認識するバイオ素子の構築
も可能である。In addition, the above-mentioned document ■ (MENBRANE), +2
(4). p. 231-237 (1987), by two-dimensionally arranging liposomes using the lipid dioleyl phosphate that responds to various taste substances on a substrate as in the example, it is also possible to construct a bioelement that recognizes taste substances. It is possible.
(発明の効果)
上述した説明からも明らかなように、この発明のバイオ
素子は、化学物質に関する情報を二次元的に配列された
リポソームの膜電位変化の場に変換することか出来る。(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, the biodevice of the present invention is capable of converting information regarding chemical substances into a field of changes in membrane potential of two-dimensionally arranged liposomes.
ざらにまた、リポソームに膜電位感受性蛍光色素を内包
させることにより、リポソームの膜電位変化の場を蛍光
強度変化の場に変換出来る。従って、生物の味覚・嗅覚
を模倣した情報処理形態をもつバイオコンピュータの情
報処理装置、入力装置或いは出力装置等に利用すること
が出来る。Furthermore, by incorporating a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye into liposomes, the field of membrane potential changes in the liposome can be converted into a field of fluorescence intensity changes. Therefore, it can be used in an information processing device, an input device, an output device, etc. of a biocomputer, which has an information processing form that imitates the sense of taste and smell of living things.
第1図(A)及び(B)は、実施例のバイオ素子の説明
に供する図、
第2図は、実施例のリポソームの構造を模式的に示した
図、
第3図は、実施例のリポソーム及びバイオ素子の二オイ
応答特性を示す図、
第4図は、抗体付着基板の説明に供する図、第5図(A
)は、昧細胞を示した図、
第5図(B)は、嗅細胞を示した図、
第5図(C)は、化学物質濃度、膜電位変化及び神経イ
ンパルスの関係を示した図である。
30・・・リポソーム、 31・・・アゾレクチン
33・・・膜電位感受性蛍光色素
35・・・リン脂質抗原
41・・・基板、 43・・・抗体。
特
許
出
願
人
沖電気工業株式会社
膓
実施例のリボン
ム及びバイオ素子の
オイ応答特性を示す図
味細胞を示した図
第5図(A)
抗体付着基板の説明に供する図
第4
図
嗅細胞を示した図
第5
図
(B)
化学物黄濃度、膜電位変化及び神給
第5
とインパルスの関係を示す図
図(C)Figures 1 (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining the biodevice of the example, Figure 2 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the liposome of the example, and Figure 3 is a diagram for explaining the biodevice of the example. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the bioresponse characteristics of liposomes and biodevices, and Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the antibody-attached substrate.
) is a diagram showing olfactory cells, Figure 5 (B) is a diagram showing olfactory cells, and Figure 5 (C) is a diagram showing the relationship between chemical concentration, membrane potential changes, and nerve impulses. be. 30... Liposome, 31... Azolectin 33... Membrane voltage sensitive fluorescent dye 35... Phospholipid antigen 41... Substrate, 43... Antibody. Patent Applicant Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Figure 5 (A) A diagram showing the olfactory cells showing the Oi response characteristics of the ribbon and biodevice of the Example Example. Figure 4 shows the olfactory cells. Figure 5 (B) Diagram showing the relationship between chemical yellow concentration, membrane potential change, and impulse (C)
Claims (5)
て形成されたリポソームであって味覚物質及び嗅覚物質
の一方又は双方の吸着により膜電位変化を生じるリポソ
ームを基板上に二次元配列して成ることを特徴とするバ
イオ素子。(1) Liposomes formed using one or both of a biological substance and a biosimilar substance, which cause a change in membrane potential by adsorption of one or both of a taste substance and an olfactory substance, are two-dimensionally arranged on a substrate. A bio-element characterized by:
スファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルセリン
、スフィゴミエリン及びコレステロールの中から選ばれ
た一種又は二種以上の物質で構成したことを特徴とする
請求項1に記載のバイオ素子。(2) The bioelement according to claim 1, wherein the liposome is composed of one or more substances selected from the lipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphygomyelin, and cholesterol. .
トで構成したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバイオ
素子。(3) The biodevice according to claim 1, wherein the liposome is composed of a synthetic lipid dioleyl phosphate.
させて成ることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1
項に記載のバイオ素子。(4) Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liposome contains a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent dye.
The bioelement described in section.
を利用して固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜
4のいずれか1項に記載のバイオ素子。(5) The liposome is immobilized on the substrate using an antigen-antibody reaction.
4. The bioelement according to any one of 4.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1303547A JPH03163887A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1989-11-22 | Bioelement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1303547A JPH03163887A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1989-11-22 | Bioelement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03163887A true JPH03163887A (en) | 1991-07-15 |
Family
ID=17922317
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1303547A Pending JPH03163887A (en) | 1989-11-22 | 1989-11-22 | Bioelement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH03163887A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-11-22 JP JP1303547A patent/JPH03163887A/en active Pending
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