JPH03145678A - Supplying toner and developing method - Google Patents
Supplying toner and developing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03145678A JPH03145678A JP1285864A JP28586489A JPH03145678A JP H03145678 A JPH03145678 A JP H03145678A JP 1285864 A JP1285864 A JP 1285864A JP 28586489 A JP28586489 A JP 28586489A JP H03145678 A JPH03145678 A JP H03145678A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- carrier
- developing device
- developer
- electrical resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(産業上の利用分野)
本発明は、電子写真複写機等の画像形成装置において、
連続複写(ランニング複写)中に用いられる補給用トナ
ーと現像方法に関し、さらに詳しくはキャリアの劣化に
よる画質の低下等を解消した補給層トナーと現像方法に
関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine,
The present invention relates to a replenishment toner and a developing method used during continuous copying (running copying), and more particularly to a replenishment layer toner and a developing method that eliminate deterioration of image quality due to carrier deterioration.
(従来の技術)
電子写真複写機において、感光体に形成された静電潜像
を乾式現像法により可視化するため、トナーとキャリア
が混合された2成分現像剤を用いた磁気ブラシ現像法が
従来から行われている。(Prior Art) In an electrophotographic copying machine, in order to visualize an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoreceptor by a dry development method, a magnetic brush development method using a two-component developer containing a toner and a carrier has been conventionally used. It has been carried out since.
以下に、一般的な磁気ブラシ現像法を第1図に基づいて
説明する。Below, a general magnetic brush development method will be explained based on FIG.
第1図において、10は感光体、5は現像器、1はトナ
ー補給ホッパーである。In FIG. 1, 10 is a photoreceptor, 5 is a developing device, and 1 is a toner supply hopper.
現像器5内には現像剤aを均一に混合するための攪拌ロ
ーラ7と、現像スリーブ8が配設されている。現像スリ
ーブ8は磁石等で形成されており、その周囲に現像剤a
中のキャリアが鎖状に配列した磁気ブラシを形成し、ト
ナーTは摩擦帯電によってこのキャリアに付着する。そ
して、帯電、露光により感光体10上に形成された静電
潜像を上記トナーTで現像し、静電潜像に対して形成さ
れたトナー像を転写紙等の支持体に転写すると共に、加
熱ローラまたは加圧ローラ等の定着手段によってトナー
像を支持体上に定着させて複写物を得るのである。そし
て、複写機を稼動し始める際には、トナーとキャリアと
が所定割合で混合されたスタート用現像剤aを現像器5
内に投入して行うのであり、現像によってトナーが消費
されると、トナー補給ホッパー1から消費された量の補
給用トナーTが自動的に現像器5内へ補給されるように
構成されている。Inside the developing device 5, a stirring roller 7 for uniformly mixing the developer a and a developing sleeve 8 are disposed. The developing sleeve 8 is formed of a magnet or the like, and the developer a is distributed around it.
The carriers therein form a magnetic brush arranged in a chain, and the toner T adheres to this carrier by frictional charging. Then, the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductor 10 by charging and exposure is developed with the toner T, and the toner image formed on the electrostatic latent image is transferred to a support such as transfer paper, A copy is obtained by fixing the toner image on the support using a fixing means such as a heating roller or a pressure roller. When starting the operation of the copying machine, a starting developer a containing toner and carrier mixed in a predetermined ratio is added to the developing device 5.
When the toner is consumed during development, the consumed amount of replenishment toner T is automatically replenished from the toner replenishment hopper 1 into the developing device 5. .
ところで、スタート用現像剤に用いられているキャリア
として、従来よりスペント現象を改良し、及びキャリア
の抵抗を調整して線画を向上させるために樹脂で被覆さ
れた被覆キャリアが使用されている。このような現像剤
を用いて長期間の複写作業を行った場合には、現像中に
キャリアの樹脂被膜が摩擦等によってけずれ、キャリア
の電気抵抗が低下してしまうという現象が起き、次第に
文字潰れや画像流れ等の画質劣化を生じるという問4問
題がある。Incidentally, a coated carrier coated with a resin has conventionally been used as a carrier used in a starting developer in order to improve the spent phenomenon and improve line drawing by adjusting the resistance of the carrier. When copying work is carried out for a long period of time using such a developer, the resin coating of the carrier is rubbed off during development due to friction, etc., resulting in a decrease in the electrical resistance of the carrier, which gradually causes characters to deteriorate. There is a problem in question 4 that causes image quality deterioration such as blurring and image deletion.
従来、現像剤中のキャリアが消費されることに起因する
問題を解消するために、例えば、特開昭56−1596
54号公報には補給用トナー中にキャリアを含有させる
技術が開示されている。Conventionally, in order to solve the problem caused by the consumption of carrier in the developer, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-1596
Japanese Patent No. 54 discloses a technique for containing a carrier in replenishment toner.
(発明が解決しようとする課題)
しかしながら、上記公報において、補給用トナーに含ま
れるキャリアはスタート用現像剤中に含まれるキャリア
と同じものであるから、現像器内のキャリアの電気抵抗
値の低下を充分に改善することがでず、従って、キャリ
アの劣化による画像濃度の上昇等を抑えることはできな
い。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above publication, since the carrier contained in the replenishment toner is the same as the carrier contained in the starting developer, the electrical resistance value of the carrier in the developing device decreases. Therefore, it is impossible to suppress the increase in image density due to carrier deterioration.
本発明は、上記の欠点を解決したものであり、その目的
とするところは、キャリアの電気抵抗値が低下すること
による画質劣化を解消し、長期間に亘って良好な画質が
得られる補給用トナーと現像方法を提供することにある
。The present invention has solved the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to eliminate the image quality deterioration caused by the decrease in the electrical resistance of the carrier, and to provide a replenishing device that can provide good image quality over a long period of time. Our objective is to provide toner and developing methods.
(課題を解決するための手段)
本発明の補給用トナーは、現像器内に収容されているキ
ャリアの電気抵抗値に比べて高い電気抵抗値を有するキ
ャリアとトナーとが含有されていることを特徴とし、そ
のことにより上記目的が達成される。(Means for Solving the Problems) The replenishment toner of the present invention contains toner and a carrier having a higher electric resistance value than the electric resistance value of the carrier housed in the developing device. The above objective is achieved by this feature.
本発明の現像方法は、樹脂で被覆されたキャリアとトナ
ーとが混合されている現像剤を現像器内に配設した現像
スリーブの表面に保持させ、このトナーにて感光体表面
に形成された静電潜像を現像すると共に、現像によって
消費されたトナーをトナー補給ホッパーから現像器内へ
補給する現像方法であって、前記トナー補給ホッパーか
ら補給される補給用トナーが樹脂で被覆されたキャリア
とトナーとを含有し、該被覆キャリアの電気抵抗値が現
像器内に収容されているキャリアの電気抵抗値に比べて
大きく設定されており、そのことにより上記目的が達成
される。In the developing method of the present invention, a developer in which a resin-coated carrier and toner are mixed is held on the surface of a developing sleeve disposed in a developing device, and a toner is formed on the surface of a photoreceptor with this toner. A developing method that develops an electrostatic latent image and replenishes toner consumed by the development into a developing device from a toner replenishment hopper, the replenishment toner supplied from the toner replenishment hopper being a carrier coated with resin. and toner, and the electrical resistance value of the coated carrier is set to be larger than the electrical resistance value of the carrier housed in the developing device, thereby achieving the above object.
また、トナー補給ホッパーから補給される補給用トナー
に含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値Rは以下の式から求め
られるのが好ましい。Further, it is preferable that the electrical resistance value R of the carrier contained in the replenishment toner supplied from the toner replenishment hopper is determined from the following equation.
R=W/W’ [r−r′ (W−W’)/W)但し、
R:補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値(Ω
am)
W:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定量(g)
r:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定する電気抵抗値(
Ωam)
Wo:補給用トナーに含まれるキャリア量(g)
ここで、Wo =γt
(t:現像剤寿命内での全トナー消費量(g)、γ:実
験による定数)
ro:初期キャリアの電気抵抗値(Ωam)ここで、r
’ −a r In(t+1)(α:実験による定
数)
(作用)
一般に、現像によって少量のキャリアが感光体側へ付着
し現像剤に含まれるキャリアの含量が次第に少なくなっ
てくると同時に、連続複写の進行によってキャリアが摩
耗し、その電気抵抗が低くな4てくる。本発明では、消
費されたトナーの量に応じてトナー補給ホッパーより補
給用トナー(トナーとキャリアとの混合物)が補給され
る。この補給用トナーには消費されたキャリアと同量の
キャリアが含まれているので、キャリアがトナーととも
に供給されることでキャリアの減少を防ぐことができる
と共に、現像器内のキャリアに比して高抵抗のキャリア
が供給されるため現像器内に存在するキャリアは全体と
してその電気抵抗値の低下が防止される。R=W/W'[r-r'(W-W')/W) However,
R: Electrical resistance value (Ω) of carrier included in replenishment toner
am) W: Set amount of carrier contained in the developer (g) r: Set electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the developer (
Ωam) Wo: Amount of carrier contained in replenishment toner (g) Here, Wo = γt (t: Total toner consumption within the life of the developer (g), γ: Constant determined by experiment) ro: Electricity of initial carrier Resistance value (Ωam), where r
' -a r In(t+1) (α: constant determined by experiment) (Operation) Generally, during development, a small amount of carrier adheres to the photoreceptor side, and the content of carrier contained in the developer gradually decreases, and at the same time, continuous copying As the process progresses, the carrier wears out and its electrical resistance decreases. In the present invention, replenishment toner (a mixture of toner and carrier) is replenished from a toner replenishment hopper in accordance with the amount of consumed toner. This replenishment toner contains the same amount of carrier as the consumed carrier, so by supplying the carrier together with the toner, it is possible to prevent the carrier from decreasing, and the amount of carrier is smaller than the carrier in the developing device. Since a high-resistance carrier is supplied, the electrical resistance of the carrier present in the developing device is prevented from decreasing as a whole.
(発明の好適態様)
本発明の補給用トナーは、トナーにキャリアを添加混合
して調製されている。補給用トナーが現像器内へ補給さ
れる前の状態では現像器内には、トナーとキャリアとを
所定割合で混合して調製されたスタート用現像剤が収容
されている。補給用トナー及び現像剤において、トナー
とキャリアとの混合比率は、1コピー当りの現像によっ
て消費されるトナーとキャリアとの平均比率とされてい
る。本発明では、補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアの電
気抵抗値が、現像器内に収容されている現像剤(スター
ト用現像剤または複写後の現像剤)に含まれるキャリア
の電気抵抗値に比べて高いものである。このようなキャ
リアとしては、通常は樹脂で被覆されたキャリアが用い
られる。そして、補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアとの
電気抵抗値を現像剤に含まれるキャリアに比べて高くす
るには、キャリアの組成等を変えることによって行って
もよく、あるいは被覆される樹脂の組成、被膜の膜厚等
を変えることによって行ってもよい。(Preferred Embodiment of the Invention) The replenishment toner of the present invention is prepared by adding and mixing a carrier to the toner. Before the replenishment toner is replenished into the developing device, the developing device contains a starting developer prepared by mixing toner and carrier at a predetermined ratio. In the replenishment toner and developer, the mixing ratio of toner and carrier is set to be the average ratio of toner and carrier consumed by development per copy. In the present invention, the electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the replenishment toner is higher than the electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the developer (starting developer or post-copying developer) contained in the developing device. It's expensive. As such a carrier, a carrier coated with resin is usually used. In order to make the electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the replenishment toner higher than that of the carrier contained in the developer, this may be done by changing the composition of the carrier, or by changing the composition of the resin to be coated. This may be done by changing the thickness of the coating.
上記補給用トナー及びスタート用現像剤に含まれるキャ
リアの組成は従来より公知のものが使用され、例えば、
酸化または未酸化の鉄粉、フェライト等の未被覆キャリ
ア、または鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、フェライト等の磁
性体をアクリル系重合体、フッソ樹脂系重合体、ポリエ
ステル等の重合体で被覆した被覆キャリアがあげられる
。キャリアの平均粒径は、一般に15〜200μmが好
ましく、50〜150μmがさらに好ましい。The composition of the carrier contained in the above-mentioned replenishment toner and starting developer is conventionally known, for example,
Uncoated carriers such as oxidized or unoxidized iron powder and ferrite, or coated carriers made of magnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and ferrite coated with polymers such as acrylic polymers, fluoroplastic polymers, and polyesters. can give. The average particle size of the carrier is generally preferably 15 to 200 μm, more preferably 50 to 150 μm.
また、上記補給用トナー及びスタート用現像剤に含まれ
るトナーは、結着樹脂中に着色剤等の添加剤が分散され
た粉体トナーであり、従来公知のものが使用される。The toner contained in the replenishing toner and the starting developer is a powder toner in which additives such as a colorant are dispersed in a binder resin, and conventionally known toners are used.
次に、本発明の現像方法を説明する。Next, the developing method of the present invention will be explained.
本発明の現像方法は、第1図で示した2成分系の現像剤
を用いた磁気ブラシ現像法を使用したものであり、詳細
は従来の方法に従うことができる。The developing method of the present invention uses a magnetic brush developing method using a two-component developer shown in FIG. 1, and the details can follow conventional methods.
現像器には被覆キャリアとトナーとが混合されている2
成分系の現像剤が収容されており、この現像剤が現像器
内に配設された現像スリーブの表面に保持され、トナー
で感光体表面に形成された静電潜像を現像する。一方、
現像によってトナーが消費されるとトナー補給ホッパー
から現像器内へ補給用トナーが適宜補給される。ここで
、トナー補給ホッパーから補給される補給用トナーは、
上記したように樹脂で被覆されたキャリアとトナーとが
混合されたものであり、この樹脂被覆キャリアの電気抵
抗値は現像器内に収容されている現像剤のキャリアの電
気抵抗値に比べて大きく設定されている。The developing device contains a mixture of coated carrier and toner2.
A component-based developer is contained, and this developer is held on the surface of a developing sleeve disposed within the developing device, and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photoreceptor with toner. on the other hand,
When toner is consumed by development, replenishment toner is appropriately replenished into the developing device from a toner replenishment hopper. Here, the replenishment toner supplied from the toner replenishment hopper is
As mentioned above, the resin-coated carrier and toner are mixed, and the electrical resistance value of this resin-coated carrier is larger than that of the developer carrier housed in the developing device. It is set.
ここで、補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値
Rは、以下の式から求めることができる。Here, the electrical resistance value R of the carrier included in the replenishment toner can be determined from the following equation.
9
0
R=W/W’ (r −r ’ (W−W’)/W
〕但し、R:補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアの電気抵
抗値(Ωcm)
W:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定量(g)
r:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定する電気抵抗値(
Ωcm)
Wo:補給用トナーに含まれるキャリア量(g)
ここで、w’ =γt
(t:現像剤寿命内での全トナー消費量(g)、γ:実
験による定数)
ro:初期キャリアの電気抵抗値(Ωcm)ここで、r
−αr In(t+1)
(α:実験による定数)
なお、上記t1 γ、αは使用する現像装置において、
実測によって求めることができる。これらの実験値を上
記式に代入し、またW、rを所定値に設定しておくこと
によってキャリアの電気抵抗値Rが求められる。設定値
W及びrは、現像器り大きさや現像条件、画像形成回数
等の画像形成装置の仕様によって適宜決定される。9 0 R=W/W' (r - r'(W-W')/W
] However, R: Electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the replenishment toner (Ωcm) W: Set amount of carrier contained in the developer (g) r: Set electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the developer (
Ωcm) Wo: Amount of carrier contained in replenishment toner (g) Where, w' = γt (t: Total toner consumption within the life of the developer (g), γ: Constant determined by experiment) ro: Amount of initial carrier Electrical resistance value (Ωcm) where, r
−αr In(t+1) (α: constant determined by experiment) Note that the above t1 γ and α are in the developing device used,
It can be determined by actual measurement. By substituting these experimental values into the above equation and setting W and r to predetermined values, the electrical resistance value R of the carrier can be determined. The set values W and r are appropriately determined depending on the specifications of the image forming apparatus, such as the size of the developing device, developing conditions, and the number of times of image formation.
(実験例)
以下、実験例によって本発明を説明するが、本発明がこ
れによって限定されるものではない。(Experimental Examples) The present invention will be explained below using experimental examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
現像剤セソ)fi450g、保証枚数2万5千枚の電子
写真複写機において、トナー濃度4.5%、キャリア電
気抵抗5.4X 107(Ωcm)の現像剤でトナーの
みを補給しながら耐久テストを行ったところ、キャリア
抵抗値が1.2X107(Ωcm)と低下し、1万枚当
りから文字つぶれ等による画質低下が認められた。また
、この時の全トナー消費量は1260 (g)であり、
全キャリア消費量は38(g)であった。In an electrophotographic copying machine with 450 g of developer and a guaranteed capacity of 25,000 copies, durability tests were conducted while replenishing only toner using a developer with a toner concentration of 4.5% and a carrier electrical resistance of 5.4 x 107 (Ωcm). As a result, the carrier resistance value decreased to 1.2×10 7 (Ωcm), and after 10,000 sheets, a decrease in image quality due to crushed characters etc. was observed. Also, the total toner consumption at this time is 1260 (g),
Total carrier consumption was 38 (g).
次いで、上記耐久テストから得られた結果から、Rとγ
を算出した。Next, from the results obtained from the above durability test, R and γ
was calculated.
r = 5.4X 107(Ωcm)
W=450X (1−0,045)輪430(g)W’
−38(g)
r′=1.2x107(Ωcm)
t=1260(g)
1
12
従って、R= 430738 (5,4X 10−1.
2X 107(43038) /430) 44.8
X 108(Ωcm)γ−38/ (3g+1260)
X 100=2.9 (%)そして、4.8X 1
0” (Ωcm)のキャリアを作製し、補給用トナー中
に2.9%の比率で混合して、これにより同様の耐久テ
ストを行った。その結果、キャリア引きによるキャリア
量の減少はなくなり、またキャリアの電気抵抗もほぼ維
持され、良好な画質が維持された。r = 5.4X 107 (Ωcm) W = 450X (1-0,045) wheel 430 (g) W'
-38 (g) r' = 1.2x107 (Ωcm) t = 1260 (g) 1 12 Therefore, R = 430738 (5,4X 10-1.
2X 107 (43038) /430) 44.8
X 108 (Ωcm) γ-38/ (3g+1260)
X 100=2.9 (%) and 4.8X 1
0" (Ωcm) carrier was prepared and mixed in the replenishment toner at a ratio of 2.9%, and a similar durability test was conducted using this. As a result, there was no decrease in the amount of carrier due to carrier pulling, and Furthermore, the electrical resistance of the carrier was almost maintained, and good image quality was maintained.
なお、第2図に上記実験例における複写枚数と電気抵抗
の変動を示した。図より、本発明によればキャリアの電
気抵抗の低下が防止できることがわかる。Incidentally, FIG. 2 shows the number of copies and the variation in electrical resistance in the above experimental example. From the figure, it can be seen that according to the present invention, a decrease in the electrical resistance of the carrier can be prevented.
(発明の効果)
本発明の構成は上述の通りであり、現像により消費され
たキャリアを補給することができる上に、現像器内の現
像剤に含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値が低下するのを防
止することができ、文字潰れや画像流れ等の画質劣化を
解消し、長期間に亘って安定した画質を得ることができ
る。(Effects of the Invention) The configuration of the present invention is as described above, and in addition to being able to replenish the carrier consumed by development, it also prevents the electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the developer in the developing device from decreasing. It is possible to prevent image quality deterioration such as crushed characters and blurred images, and to obtain stable image quality over a long period of time.
4、 ′ の な■
第1図は磁気ブラシ法による現像機構を示す概略図、第
2図は複写枚数とキャリアの電気抵抗の変動を表す図で
ある。4. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a developing mechanism using the magnetic brush method, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing the variation in the number of copies and the electrical resistance of the carrier.
1・・・トナー補給ホッパー、5・・・現像器、10・
・・感光体、a・・・現像剤、T・・・トナー以上1... Toner supply hopper, 5... Developing device, 10...
...Photoreceptor, a...Developer, T...Toner or more
Claims (1)
比べて高い電気抵抗値を有するキャリアとトナーとが含
有されていることを特徴とする補給用トナー。 2、樹脂で被覆されたキャリアとトナーとが混合されて
いる現像剤を現像器内に配設した現像スリーブの表面に
保持させ、このトナーにて感光体表面に形成された静電
潜像を現像すると共に、現像によって消費されたトナー
をトナー補給ホッパーから現像器内へ補給する現像方法
であって、前記トナー補給ホッパーから補給される補給
用トナーが樹脂で被覆されたキャリアとトナーとを含有
し、該被覆キャリアの電気抵抗値が現像器内に収容され
ているキャリアの電気抵抗値に比べて大きく設定されて
いる現像方法。 3、前記トナー補給ホッパーから補給される補給用トナ
ーに含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値は以下の式から求め
られる請求項2記載の現像方法。 R=W/W′〔r−r′(W−W′)/W〕但し、R:
補給用トナーに含まれるキャリアの電気抵抗値(Ωcm
) W:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定量(g) r:現像剤に含まれるキャリアの設定する電気抵抗値(
Ωcm) W′:補給用トナーに含まれるキャリア量(g) ここで、W′=γt (t:現像剤寿命内での全トナー消費量(g)、γ:実
験による定数) r′:初期キャリアの電気抵抗値(Ωcm)ここで、r
′=αrln(t+1) (α:実験による定数)[Scope of Claims] 1. A replenishment toner characterized by containing toner and a carrier having an electrical resistance value higher than that of the carrier housed in a developing device. 2. A developer in which a resin-coated carrier and toner are mixed is held on the surface of a developing sleeve installed in a developing device, and the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the photoreceptor is formed with this toner. A developing method that performs development and replenishes toner consumed by the development into a developing device from a toner replenishment hopper, wherein the replenishment toner supplied from the toner replenishment hopper contains a resin-coated carrier and toner. and a developing method in which the electrical resistance value of the coated carrier is set to be larger than the electrical resistance value of the carrier accommodated in the developing device. 3. The developing method according to claim 2, wherein the electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the replenishment toner supplied from the toner replenishment hopper is determined from the following equation. R=W/W'[r-r'(W-W')/W] However, R:
Electrical resistance value (Ωcm) of carrier included in replenishment toner
) W: Set amount of carrier contained in the developer (g) r: Set electrical resistance value of the carrier contained in the developer (
Ωcm) W': Amount of carrier contained in replenishment toner (g) Where, W' = γt (t: Total toner consumption within the life of the developer (g), γ: Constant determined by experiment) r': Initial Electrical resistance value (Ωcm) of carrier, where r
'=αrln(t+1) (α: constant determined by experiment)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1285864A JPH03145678A (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1989-10-31 | Supplying toner and developing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1285864A JPH03145678A (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1989-10-31 | Supplying toner and developing method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH03145678A true JPH03145678A (en) | 1991-06-20 |
Family
ID=17697030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1285864A Pending JPH03145678A (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1989-10-31 | Supplying toner and developing method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH03145678A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6096466A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-08-01 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developer and developing method |
US6855469B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2005-02-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Full-color image-forming method, and two-component developer kit for forming full-color images |
US6936394B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2005-08-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Replenishing developer and developing method |
US7024138B2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-04-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus, and replenishing developer kit |
JP2007293321A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-11-08 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Image forming apparatus |
JP2007293322A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-11-08 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Image forming apparatus |
US8026032B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2011-09-27 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Carrier, supplemental developer, developer in image developer, developer feeding apparatus, image forming apparatus and process cartridge |
US8086143B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2011-12-27 | Ricoh Company, Limited | Image forming apparatus for use with carrier including a core and cover layer |
US8213833B2 (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2012-07-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, process cartridge, image forming method and developer for electrophotography |
US8211602B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2012-07-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
-
1989
- 1989-10-31 JP JP1285864A patent/JPH03145678A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6096466A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-08-01 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developer and developing method |
US6936394B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2005-08-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Replenishing developer and developing method |
US6855469B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2005-02-15 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Full-color image-forming method, and two-component developer kit for forming full-color images |
US7024138B2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-04-04 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus, and replenishing developer kit |
US8211602B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2012-07-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
JP2007293322A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-11-08 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Image forming apparatus |
JP2007293321A (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-11-08 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Image forming apparatus |
US8221950B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2012-07-17 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
US8741530B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2014-06-03 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Image forming apparatus |
US8974998B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2015-03-10 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Method of image forming with a photoreceptor and toner |
US8026032B2 (en) | 2006-10-20 | 2011-09-27 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Carrier, supplemental developer, developer in image developer, developer feeding apparatus, image forming apparatus and process cartridge |
US8213833B2 (en) | 2007-01-15 | 2012-07-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Image forming apparatus, process cartridge, image forming method and developer for electrophotography |
US8086143B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2011-12-27 | Ricoh Company, Limited | Image forming apparatus for use with carrier including a core and cover layer |
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