JPH0313619Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a roller bearing that prevents roller skew.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, conventional roller bearings have a metal retainer 3 between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2.
The retainer 3 is made up of two annular parts 4 and 5 that are spaced apart in the axial direction and connected by a plurality of columns 6 that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. the two adjacent pillars 6 and the two annular parts 4,
A spherical roller is disposed as the roller 12 in the pocket 11 surrounded by It has a semi-cylindrical cylindrical surface 19 at a right angle to the bearing surface 15 and on the outer side of the bearing from a plane 16 including the axis of the roller.

Therefore, when the cage 3 comes into contact with the inner ring 2 due to gravity, that is, when the cage 3 shown in FIG. As the circumferential clearance increases, the rollers 12 tend to tilt, and the rollers 12 tend to skew. In addition, since the distance A between the outer circumferential surface of the column and the outer circumferential surface of the adjacent column is larger than the diameter of the opposing portion of the rollers 12, the width dimension in the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface 21 of the column is short, and the rigidity of the column 6 is reduced. weak. In addition, pocket 1
The rollers 12 disposed inside the pocket 11 fall outward from the inside of the pocket 11 through the cylindrical surface 9 during bearing assembly, making assembly of the bearing difficult and also difficult to automate the assembly of the bearing.

The inventor also discovered that the gap between the spherical roller 12 and the side surface 13 of the column is smaller than that of the spherical roller 1 as shown in FIG.
a double-row self-aligning roller bearing equipped with cages 4 that are equal in direction from the center in the axial direction of No. 2 to both ends;
As shown in the figure, a double-row self-aligning roller bearing equipped with a cage 4 in which the clearance between the spherical rollers 12 and the side surfaces 13 of the columns increases from the axial center of the spherical rollers 12 toward both ends. When a rotation test was conducted on the bearing, the double-row spherical roller bearing equipped with the cage shown in FIG. 5 showed a larger temperature rise than the double-row spherical roller bearing equipped with the cage shown in FIG. In the cage 4 shown in FIG. 5, the clearance between the spherical rollers 12 and the side surfaces 13 of the column increases from the center in the axial direction of the spherical rollers 12 toward both ends. Since the spherical rollers 12 are supported stably and tend to tilt, skew is promoted, and it is presumed that the heat generated by the sliding of the spherical rollers 12 against the raceway ring causes the temperature to rise.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a roller bearing that prevents roller skew, has strong columns, and is easy to assemble.

The basic structure of this invention is that a cage is disposed between an outer ring and an inner ring, and the cage has two annular parts located apart in the axial direction and a plurality of columns located apart in the circumferential direction. In the roller bearing, the cage is made of synthetic resin, and the rollers are arranged in a pocket surrounded by two adjacent pillars and two annular parts. Both ends in the axial direction of the side surface of the column to be formed are perpendicular to the plane containing the axis of the bearing and the axis of the roller, and a part inside the bearing and a part outside the bearing from the plane including the axis of the rollers. The retainer has a contact portion that comes into contact with the rolling surface of the rollers when the bearing is in operation, and the cage has a portion where the distance between the outer circumferential surface of one column and the outer circumferential surface of an adjacent column is shorter than the diameter of the opposing portion of the rollers. and that the distance between the inner circumferential surface of each column and the inner circumferential surface of the adjacent column is shorter than the diameter of the opposing rollers.

Next, an embodiment of this invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a double-row self-aligning roller bearing, in which the outer ring 31 has a spherical outer ring raceway 32, and the inner ring 33 has two rows of inner ring raceways 34 located apart in the axial direction. ing. The outer ring 31 and the inner ring 33
Two cages 41 made of synthetic resin are arranged between the
These two cages 41 are symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the bearing. The retainer 4
1, two annular parts 42 and 43 located apart in the axial direction are connected by a plurality of pillars 44 located at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the two annular parts The parts 42, 43 and the plurality of columns 44 are integral. The pocket 45 surrounded by the two adjacent columns 44 and the two annular parts 42 and 43 is arranged on a spherical roller as a roller 47, and the pocket 45
Both ends 48, 49 in the axial direction of the side surface of the column forming the
As shown in FIG. 9, is perpendicular to a plane 53 that includes the axial center of the bearing and the axial center of the roller, and is located on the inside of the bearing and on the outside of the bearing from the plane 54 that includes the axial center of the rollers. , the rolling surface 55 of the rollers when the bearing is in operation.
It has planar contact portions 57 and 58 that are in contact with each other. Therefore, both ends 4 of the side surface of the column in the axial direction
8 and 49 have contact portions 57 and 58 at four locations. The distance B between the outer circumferential surface of the column and the outer circumferential surface of the adjacent column, and the distance C between the inner circumferential surface of the column and the inner circumferential surface of the adjacent column are both shorter than the diameter of the opposing portion of the spherical rollers 47. Therefore, since both the circumferential width of the outer circumferential surface 61 of the column and the circumferential width of the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column are long, the rigidity of the column 44 is strong, and the rollers 47 are able to absorb water from inside the pocket 45. Since it is prevented from falling off, it is easy to assemble the bearing and automate the assembling of the bearing. Both ends 4 of the side surface of the pillar in the axial direction
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, radial grooves 65 having an arcuate cross section are provided in the radial outer peripheral portions of the boundaries between the annular portions 8 and 49 and the annular portions 42 and 43, respectively. This radial groove 65 is formed between both axial ends 48 and 49 of the side surface of the column and the annular portion 4 during injection molding of the cage 41, insertion of the rollers 47 into the pocket 45, and operation of the bearing.
2 and 43, thereby preventing destruction of the cage 41 and disturbance of the shape of the side surface 51 of the column. An axial groove 67 is provided in the center of the outer peripheral surface 61 of the column in the circumferential direction, and this axial groove 67 is formed in the column during injection molding of the retainer 41 and insertion of the rollers 47 into the pockets 45. Since both ends of the outer circumferential surface 61 in the circumferential direction are made to be easily elastically deformed, this is effective in preventing the shape of the side surface 51 of the column from being disturbed and the cage 51 from being destroyed. A side surface 73 on the inside of the bearing, which is a portion of the inner periphery of the column of the annular portion on the side surface of the bearing, is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the bearing. The clearance between the inner circumferential portion 75 of the circumferential surface and the spherical rollers 47 is larger than the gap between the outer circumferential portion 78 of the annular portion on the side surface of the bearing and the spherical rollers 47. Therefore, the inner circumferential portion 75 of the annular column on the side surface of the bearing is subject to deformation during injection molding of the retainer 41, deformation due to centrifugal force during bearing operation, and temperature during bearing operation. Although there is a tendency for the bearing to warp inward due to deformation due to rising, etc., the portion 75 of the inner circumference of the column of the annular portion on the side surface side of the bearing does not hug the end face of the spherical roller 47 when the bearing is operated. A lubricant such as grease is held in the gap between the spherical roller 47 and the inner circumferential portion 75 of the column of the annular portion on the side surface of the bearing, and the lubricant in this gap is absorbed into the pocket 45. This prevents the oil film from running out due to the edge of the boundary between the end face of the spherical roller 47 and the rolling surface 55. The inner circumferential surface of the annular portion 43 on the side surface of the bearing is a cage guide surface 81, and this cage guide surface 81 is guided by the cage guide surface of the inner ring 33. The retainer 41 is manufactured by injection molding of synthetic resin, and is manufactured by punching a mold 82 located inside the pocket radially outward, as shown in FIG. In this case, both ends of the outer peripheral surface 61 of the column in the circumferential direction are somewhat elastically deformed, and when the rollers 47 are inserted into the pockets 45, both ends of the outer peripheral surface 61 of the column in the circumferential direction are slightly elastically deformed. . A floating guide ring 86 is disposed between the two rows of inner ring raceways 34, and this floating guide ring 86 is connected to the inner ring 33.
is fitted. The floating guide ring 86 is the inner ring 33
The floating guide ring 86 guides the end surface of the roller 47 inside the bearing and the cage 41.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the cage used in this invention.
Each of the four contact portions 57 and 58 of 49 is a concave curved surface having arcs of curvature in accordance with the rolling surface 55 of the roller in the axial direction and the radial direction, respectively. The contact portions 57 and 58 are in surface contact with the contact portion 47, and the side surface 51 of the column has a cross section between the four contact portions 57 and 58 that holds lubricant as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. A recess 94 is formed. The other parts of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 are constructed in the same way as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, regardless of whether or not they are shown.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the cage used in this invention, in which the side surface 51 of the column has a cross section taken by a plane that includes the axis of the rollers 47, and the curvature of this arc is greater than the curvature of the arc at a particular point. Further, the cross section of the side surface 51 of the column in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the roller 47 is a circular arc, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the four contact portions 57, 5 on both axial ends 48, 49 of the side surfaces of the column
All 8's are in an F-shape. In addition, the 14th
The other parts of the embodiment shown in the figures are constructed in the same way as the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, whether or not they are shown.

16 to 21 show a double row self-aligning roller bearing showing another embodiment of this invention.
The figure shows the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion 43 on the side surface of the bearing and the outer ring 3.
1 constitutes a contact or non-contact sealing portion. Furthermore, since the cage guide surface 81 and the cage guide surface of the inner ring 33 constitute a sealed part, the lubricant inside the bearing is sealed, and the bearing width is not long.
It is a roller bearing that does not have many parts and has sealing performance with little cost increase. In addition, it is a standard type, internationally compatible sealed spherical roller bearing that does not change the outer diameter, inner diameter, or width of the bearing.

In FIG. 17, the outer circumferential surface of the annular portion 43 on the side surface of the bearing is a cage guide surface 81, and this cage guide surface 81 is guided by the cage guide surface of the outer ring 31. In addition, a floating guide ring 8 is provided between the two rows of rollers 47.
6 is disposed, and this floating guide ring 86 is fitted into the outer ring 31. The floating guide ring 86 is guided by the outer ring 31, and the floating guide ring 86 guides the end surface of the roller 47 inside the bearing and the cage 41.

FIG. 18 shows that the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion 42 inside the bearing is the guide surface 92 of the cage, and the guide surface 92 of the cage is shown in FIG.
2 is guided by the retainer guide surface of the outer ring 31.

In FIG. 19, the annular portions 43 on the side surfaces of the bearings on both sides in the axial direction are connected via a column 44 and an annular portion 42 on the inside of the bearing, and are integrated.

In FIG. 20, a floating guide ring 86 disposed between two rows of rollers 47 fits into the outer ring 31, and this floating guide ring 86 is guided by the outer ring 31. The floating guide ring 86 is connected to the inner end surface of the bearing of the roller 47 and the cage 41.
and guide you.

In FIG. 21, the annular portion 42 inside the bearing fits into the inner ring 33, and the retainer 41 is guided by the inner ring 33.

Note that the radial clearance L between the cage 41 and the inner ring 33 and the radial clearance M between the cage 41 and the outer ring 31 are both equal to the distance between the side surface 51 and the column 47 shown in FIG. If the radial clearance is larger than N, the retainer 41 will close to the bearing rings 31, 33.
The retainer 41 is guided by the rollers 47 without coming into contact with the bearing rings 31 and 33, thereby preventing a locking phenomenon in which the retainer 41 becomes integral with the bearing rings 31 and 33 due to thermal contraction or thermal expansion.

Although the illustrated embodiment shows a double-row spherical roller bearing, the roller bearing of this invention may be a single-row spherical roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, or the like.

Further, the side surface 51 of the column may include contact portions not only at both ends 48 and 49 in the axial direction of the side surface of the column, but also at locations other than both ends 48 and 49.
may have five or more contact parts.

Furthermore, both ends 48, 49 in the axial direction of the side surface of the column
The boundary between the annular portions 42 and 43 may have a radial groove 65 on at least one of the outer circumferential portion and the inner circumferential portion in the radial direction.

Further, at least one of the outer circumferential surface 61 of the column and the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column may have an axial groove 67. Note that if the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column has an axial groove, the mold 82 in the pocket can be pulled out inward in the radial direction.

Further, in the retainer 41, the distance B between the outer circumferential surface of a column and the outer circumferential surface of an adjacent column is longer than the diameter of the opposing portion of the rollers 47, and the distance between the inner circumferential surface of a column and the inner circumferential surface of an adjacent column. C may each have a portion longer than the diameter of the opposing portion of the roller 47.

In addition, when the portions of the annular portions 42 and 43 that are inner than the inner circumferential surfaces 62 of the columns and portions of the annular portions 42 and 43 that are outer circumferential than the outer circumferential surfaces 61 of the columns tend to warp toward the inside of the bearing, the annular portions 42 and The gap between the inner peripheral surface 62 of the column 43 and the portion 47 and the clearance between the annular portion 42, 43 and the outer peripheral surface 61 of the column 47 are calculated as follows: If the gap is larger than the gap between the roller 47 and the portion between the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column and the outer circumferential surface 61 of the column, the portion of the annular portions 42 and 43 that is inner than the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column and the annular portion The portions of the pillars 42 and 43 located on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral surface 61 do not hug the end surfaces of the rollers 47 during operation of the bearing.

Note that in the synthetic resin retainer 41, the side faces 51 of the columns are elastically deformed when the mold 82 is removed from the pocket, so that the shape accuracy of the side faces 51 of the columns is poor. Therefore,
The gap between the roller 47 and the side surface 51 of the column is determined by roller 4.
7, the injection-molded retainer 41 is designed to be equally spaced from the center in the axial direction to both ends of the roller 4.
7 and the side surface 51 of the column may increase from the center of the roller 47 in the axial direction toward both ends, which promotes skew of the roller 47 and causes an increase in the temperature of the bearing. . This design takes into consideration the machining accuracy of the cage 41, and the two axial ends 48 and 49 of the side surface of the column are provided with contact portions 57 and 49 at four locations.
58 so that the injection molded retainer 41 has both axial ends 48 on the side of the column,
49 has contact portions 57 and 58 at four locations, and it is possible to prevent skew from occurring due to the machining accuracy of the retainer 41.

Further, since the cage 41 made of synthetic resin contracts at high temperatures, there is a possibility that the cage 41 may lock the rollers 47 at high temperatures. Both axial ends of the side of the column 4
8 and 49 have contact portions 57 and 58 at four locations, the contact area with the side surfaces 51 and 47 of the column is small, so even if the cage 41 is in close contact with the rollers 47 at high temperatures, friction between the cage 41 and the rollers 47 will not occur. The retainer 41 does not lock the rollers 47 since the force is less than the driving force of the rollers 47 and the rollers 47 slide against the side faces 51 of the column. In addition, the contact area with the side surfaces 51 and 47 of the column is small, and the contact surface pressure between the side surface 51 and 47 of the column is high, but since the synthetic resin deforms elastically, the contact area with the side surfaces 51 and 47 of the column increases, and Since synthetic resin has a low coefficient of friction, wear on the side surfaces 51 of the columns is suppressed.

According to the roller bearing of this invention, the side surface 51 of the column is perpendicular to the plane 53 containing the axis of the bearing and the axis of the roller, and the part inside the bearing and the part outside the bearing from the plane 54 including the axis of the roller. contact portion 57,
58 respectively, so that the cage 41 has the rollers 4
Even if the rollers 47 move in the radial direction with respect to 7, the circumferential clearance between the rollers 47 and the side surface 51 of the column does not increase, and the rollers 47 are stably supported by the side surface 51 of the column and are difficult to tilt, so the skew of the rollers 47 is prevented. Prevented. Also, both ends 48, 49 of the side surface of the column in the axial direction
has contact parts 57 and 58, so the roller 47 is stably supported by the side surface 51 of the column and is difficult to tilt.
7 skew is prevented. Furthermore, the retainer 41
is made of synthetic resin, and since the synthetic resin deforms elastically, the side surface 51 of the column makes surface contact with the column 47, and the contact area increases, and the contact surface pressure is low, so the side surface 5 of the column
1. Less wear. Further, since the retainer 41 is made of synthetic resin, the friction coefficient of the contact between the synthetic resin and metal is low, and wear on the side surfaces 51 of the columns is suppressed. Further, since the cage 41 can be formed by injection molding, the cost is low. Furthermore, the retainer 41 has a part where the distance B between the outer circumferential surface of the column and the outer circumferential surface of the adjacent column is shorter than the diameter of the opposing portion of the rollers 47, and the inner circumferential surface of the column and the inner circumferential surface of the adjacent column. Since the distance C has a portion shorter than the diameter of the opposing portion of the rollers 47, the outer circumferential surface 61 of the column and the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column both have a long width in the circumferential direction, and the rigidity of the column 44 is strong. . Further, since the rollers 47 are prevented from falling out of the pocket 45, it is possible to easily assemble the bearing and to automate the assembling of the bearing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional roller bearing, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cage shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional roller bearing.
4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of a cage produced during the process of this invention. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a roller bearing showing an embodiment of this invention. The figure is a plan view of the cage shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along V-V in Fig. 6, and Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line W-W in Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line X-X in Figure 7, Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram when removing the mold in the pocket, Figures 12 and 14 are used in this invention. A sectional view of another cage, FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view taken along Y-Y in FIG. 12, and FIG.
-Z cross-sectional enlarged view, Figures 16 to 21 are cross-sectional views of roller bearings showing other embodiments of this invention, and Figure 22 is an explanatory view of the radial clearance between the side surface and the column. . In the figure, 31 is an outer ring, 33 is an inner ring, 41 is a retainer, 42 and 43 are annular parts, 44 is a column, 45 is a pocket, 47 is a roller, 48 and 49 are both ends of the side surface of the column in the axial direction, and 53 54 is a plane containing the axis of the bearing, 55 is the rolling surface of the roller, 57 and 58 are the contact parts, and B is the outer peripheral surface of the column and the adjacent column. The distance C from the outer circumferential surface is the distance between the inner circumferential surface of a column and the inner circumferential surface of an adjacent column.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A cage 41 is disposed between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 33, and the cage 41 has two annular portions 42 and 43 located apart in the axial direction. The rollers 4 are connected to each other by a plurality of pillars 44 located apart from each other in the direction, and are integrated into a pocket 45 surrounded by the two adjacent pillars 44 and the two annular parts 42 and 43.
7, the cage 4 is
1 is made of synthetic resin, and both ends 48 and 49 in the axial direction of the side surface of the column forming the pocket 45 are
is a plane 53 that includes the axial center of the bearing and the axial center of the bearing.
A plane 5 that is perpendicular to the plane and includes the axis of the roller
4 to the inner part of the bearing and the outer part of the bearing,
The retainer 41 has contact portions 57 and 58 that contact the rolling surfaces 55 of the rollers during operation of the bearing, respectively.
The distance B between the outer circumferential surface of the column and the outer circumferential surface of the adjacent column is shorter than the diameter of the opposing portion of the roller 47, and the distance C between the inner circumferential surface of the column and the inner circumferential surface of the adjacent column is the roller 47. A roller bearing characterized in that each part has a diameter shorter than the diameter of the opposing part. (2) The boundary between the axial ends 48, 49 of the side surface of the column and the annular portions 42, 43 is a radial groove 65.
A roller bearing according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim. (3) The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the outer circumferential surface 61 of the column and the inner circumferential surface 62 of the column has an axial groove 67. (4) The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the roller bearing is a self-aligning roller bearing. (5) The roller bearing according to claim 4, wherein the spherical roller bearing is a double-row spherical roller bearing. (6) The gap between the inner peripheral surface of the column 75 and 47 of the annular portion on the side surface of the bearing of the cage is the outer peripheral portion 78 of the annular portion on the side surface of the bearing of the cage.
47. The roller bearing according to claim 5 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the clearance is larger than the gap between the roller bearing and the roller bearing.