JPH0313288A - Butt welding method in welding machine and welding head used for its method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the welding failure caused by the variance of a butting part and to execute the welding extending over a wide range by irradiating a laser beam and evaporating the binder of a filler material, while injecting vapor deposition preventive gas, melting the filler material and welding the butting part. CONSTITUTION:A filler material FM is supplied to the butting part WT of a work W from a first nozzle 3, and thereafter, by irradiating this filter material FM with a laser beam from a first optical fiber 5, a binder is evaporated from the filler material FM. Subsequently, by melting the filler material FM by a welding means, the butting part WT of the work W is welded. By evaporating the binder from the filler material FM at the time of welding working, and injecting vapor deposition preventive gas, while welding is being executed, the evaporating material of the binder or a molten metal does not stick to the butting part WT of the work W, therefore, satisfactory welding working is executed. In such a manner, the quality of a butting welding part is secured, and also, a welding failure caused by the variance of the butting part WT is eliminated, and since the correcting process is not required, the productivity is improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Objective of the Invention 1 (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a butt welding method in a welding machine for welding, for example, a butt portion of a groove with a large gap between workpieces, and a butt welding method used in the method. Regarding welding heads.

(Prior art) Conventionally, when butt welding sheet metals, mainly T
Generally, means such as rG welding or CO2 gas arc welding are employed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional sheet metal butt welding means, a gap is created at the butt part due to instability of the butt surface due to cutting of the workpiece and variation in "precision welding" due to bending. It is difficult to set the welding conditions. For example, when using TIG welding, it is necessary to use filler metal to fill the gap.
It is difficult to set the conditions, and if CO2 gas arc welding is used, it becomes difficult to set the conditions for thin plates.

Therefore, in the case of sheet metal butt welding, some jigs are used to reduce the gap and prevent deformation due to thermal distortion, but in a high-mix, low-volume market, the cost increases, so it is necessary to automate sheet metal butt welding. The problem was that I couldn't do it.

Furthermore, since the abutting portion is unstable, a correction work process is required, resulting in a problem of lower yield. In particular, the decrease in yield is caused by welding at the final stage of sheet metal processing [position 1 on the rod].
This is an important issue for the future.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by eliminating welding defects caused by irregularities in the abutting portions and by eliminating the need for correction processes and providing a wide g
The object of the present invention is to provide a butt V welding method for use in a melting machine that improves welding in a V-circuit, improves yield, and reduces man-hours, and a welding head used in the method.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for supplying filler metal from a first nozzle to a butt portion of a workpiece to be welded, and then The binder of the filler metal is evaporated by irradiating laser light from the first optical fiber that transmits the G laser output,
Next, welding is performed by melting the filler metal onto the abutting portions of the workpieces, and during evaporation of the filler metal and welding, vapor deposition is performed so that the binder and evaporated materials of the molten metal do not adhere to the abutting portions of the workpieces. l17'10 anti-IF gas
This is a butt welding method using an A-seam welding machine.

The present invention also provides a first nozzle for supplying filler metal to a butt part of the workpieces to be welded, and a first nozzle provided at the rear of the first nozzle to supply the filler metal to the butt part of the workpieces. A first optical fiber for YAG laser output that irradiates laser light to evaporate the binder of F! 11! 'L, a welding means for performing manual welding, and an evaporation prevention Il provided near the welding means and the first optical fiber to prevent vaporized substances of binder and molten metal from adhering to the butt part of the workpiece;
The welding head was configured to include a second nozzle for injecting the gas.

It is desirable that the welding means in the welding head is a second optical fiber that transmits a laser output for performing laser welding by irradiating laser light.

(Function) By adopting a butt welding method and a welding head in a welding machine to this invention, after a filler metal is supplied from a first nozzle to a butt part of a workpiece, a laser beam is applied to this filler metal from a first optical fiber. 1) to evaporate the binder from the filler metal. Next, the abutting portions of the workpieces are welded by welding the filler metal using a welding means.

During the welding process, the binder is evaporated from the filler metal, and during welding, vapor deposition prevention gas is supplied from the second nozzle. 0121, the binder and molten metal evaporates do not adhere to the abutting portions of the workpieces, so that a good welding portion T can be performed.

As a result, the quality of the butt weld is ensured, welding defects due to variations in the butt weld are eliminated, and since no correction process is required, the number of man-hours is reduced and productivity is improved.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

The overall configuration of the YAG laser welding machine is generally known and will not be described here; instead, the configuration of the welding head according to the present invention will be described.

Referring to FIG. 1, a first nozzle 3 for supplying filler metal FM to the abutting portion WT of the workpieces W and Wl to be welded is installed on the tip side (left side in FIG. 1) of the welding head 1 in the vertical direction. It is extended. Filler metal “M” is powder metal, metal powder, flux.

It is composed of additives for laser light absorption, a binder, etc., and is in a flowable semi-solid state. From the tip opening 3A of the first nozzle 3 to the abutting portion W of the work W
Filler metal FM is supplied to T.

Near the rear of the first nozzle 3 (to the right of J3 in FIG. 1), there is a filler metal FM supplied to the butt portion WT.
A first optical fiber 5 that guides a laser beam from a YAG laser oscillator (not shown) is connected to -
1- The first optical fiber 5 is provided so as to extend downward. Laser light is irradiated from the tip opening 5A of the first optical fiber 5 toward the weld filler 11FM located at the abutting portion WT.

Furthermore, the rear of the first optical fiber 5 (j5 in FIG.
In order to weld the filler metal FM and weld the wires Wl to Wl, a second optical fiber 7 for guiding a laser beam as a welding means is provided extending in the vertical direction near the right side). It is being The laser beam oscillated by the G-ray 1f oscillator from the tip lower △ of the second optical fiber 7 to Y (not shown) reaches the weld 14FM at the abutting portion WT.
The filler metal FM is irradiated to melt the workpiece W1.
and Wl are welded together.

Said first optical fiber5. The tip of the second optical fiber 7 [
In the vicinity of 15Δ and 7Δ, tip ports 9Δ and 11Δ of second nozzles 9 and 11 for vaporization prevention gas are provided.

With the above configuration, the operation of the welding method will be explained with reference to FIG. 2. First, in FIG. 1, the welding head 1 is aligned with respect to the welding line Welding work is performed while moving forward from right to left as shown by the arrow, that is, filler metal FM is supplied to the butt portion WT from the tip 08D3A of the first nozzle 3 provided in the welding head 1. The state shown in FIG. 2 (△) is obtained.

The laser beam is irradiated from the tip opening 5A of the first optical fiber 5 to the filler material FM supplied to the butt portion W1, and the filler material F is
The binder M evaporates, resulting in a state as shown in FIG. 2 (13). This binder is, for example, acrylic wood IF
However, since the G laser 9 to Y is difficult to be absorbed by the 7 acrylic resin, the 2 Evaporate the secondary binder. In addition, a small amount of alpha group having a low melting point is added to the flux to prevent the filler material FM from peeling or cracking due to evaporation of the binder.

The binder is evaporated from the additive! In this state, the laser beam is directed from the lower tip A of the second optical fiber 7 to the filler material F.
41FM
are melted and welded into a state as shown in FIG. 2(C).

While evaporating the binder from the filler metal FM and performing the welding process, the second optical fibers 9 and 11
Preventing evaporation of evaporated substances is performed by injecting an IF gas for preventing accidental explosion from A and 11A. For example, oxidation is prevented using flux.

Further, since an arc is generated in a state where the binder is evaporated, TIG welding can be performed, so instead of laser welding of the second optical fiber 7, 1'lG welding may be performed using an IG welding torch.

By moving the welding head 1 from the right to the left in FIG. 1, it is possible to weld a groove with a large gap in one pass. In addition, butt welding “C” with a relatively wide opening
Even if there are variations in the butt part? Perfect welding can be achieved without the need for defective joints or correction processes.
By reducing the number of man-hours, it is possible to improve production efficiency and improve yield.

The reason why a YAG laser is used as the heat source in this embodiment is that the use of a spectroscopic system allows for good output branching, and the output transmission through an optical fiber allows movement with a high degree of flexibility. In addition, since the absorption rate of metal is several times better than that of CO2 ray 1F light, the welding head 1 can be made compact and can be mounted on an articulated robot.

In addition, as in this example, by thermally spraying the filler metal FM and using the brazing concept, the positioning viscosity of the filler metal is more forgiving compared to the supply of filler wire in TrG welding.
Eliminates the need for high-precision, expensive sensors. In addition, since the welded part is formed by welding and melting the filler material M, the heat input to the workpiece W is low and there is little thermal distortion, and there is no need to use tacking or restraint jigs. Welding stray electricity can be speeded up by heating the filler metal FM in advance or by applying absorption coding to the filler metal FM to make it easier to absorb laser light.

In addition, this invention has been described above! The embodiments are not limited to the embodiments, and can be implemented in the same manner by making appropriate changes.

"Effect of the Invention 1 As understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, the filler material is supplied to the abutting portion of the workpiece from the first nozzle, and the laser beam is irradiated from the first optical fiber. evaporate the binder from the filler metal.

Next, the abutting portions of the workpieces can be welded by irradiating the filler metal with laser light from the second optical fiber and melting the filler metal.

Therefore, there may be welding defects due to variations in the butt portion, and a correction process may be required! 4V can be welded within a wide tolerance range, and productivity can be improved by improving yield and reducing man-hours.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of the welding head 18, which is the main part of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (Δ), <1'3), <C) is an explanatory diagram showing the welding order. 1... Welding head 3... First nozzle 5... First
Optical fiber 7...Second optical fiber 9.11...Second nozzle W, Wl, W2...Workpiece Wr...Butt part "-M...Filler metal 1...Wj!]11 Head 3... Book 1 Nozzle 5.
... 1st optical fiber 7 ... heat 2 light 7F ibar 911 ... Ka 2 nozzle W , Wl, W2-work WT - * h TaF
ν1..., 1 side for 7I material 1

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) After supplying filler metal from the first nozzle to the butt part of the workpiece to be welded, the first nozzle transmits the YAG laser output.
A laser beam is irradiated from an optical fiber to evaporate the binder of the filler metal, and then the filler metal is melted at the butt part of the workpieces to perform welding. During the evaporation of the filler metal and welding, the binder is A butt welding method using a welding machine, characterized in that a vapor deposition prevention gas is injected to prevent evaporated matter of molten metal from adhering to the butt portion of the workpiece. (2) A first nozzle for supplying filler metal to the butt portion of the workpieces to be welded, and a laser installed at the rear of the first nozzle to evaporate the binder of the filler metal supplied to the butt portion of the workpieces. The first for YAG laser output that irradiates light.
an optical fiber; a welding means provided at the rear of the first optical fiber for melting the filler metal to perform welding; and a welding means provided near the welding means and the first optical fiber to weld the binder and molten metal evaporated from the workpiece. a second nozzle for injecting vapor deposition prevention gas that does not adhere to the abutting portion of the welding head. (3) The welding head according to claim 2, wherein the welding means is a second optical fiber that transmits a laser output for performing laser welding by irradiating a laser beam.