JPH03123692A - Method and apparatus for improving quality of water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent eutrophication by adjusting pH and fixing phosphorus by a method wherein high concentration alkalified water is mixed with and diffused in water of a dam or the like by an intermittent air pumping-up apparatus. CONSTITUTION:A pump 4 is rotated and pumped-up water passes through slaked lime 2 to be transferred to a water suction cylinder 10a from a solution tank 7. The water pushed up by the compressed air of an intermittent air pumping-up apparatus 9 is blown off from the upper end of the water suction cylinder 10a to raise the surface 40 of the water like the protruding surface 40a of the water and the raised water successively falls to be diffused in a lateral direction. A part of mixed water falls on the way and the other part is diffused under the surface of water to reach the shore and falls to flow along the bottom part of the water and all of waters are perfectly mixed. Since high concentration alkalified water having slaked lime dissolved therein is diffused in an mixed with water to be treated, mixing is extremely easy and concn. rapidly becomes uniform and soluble phosphorus is markedly reduced and eutrophication is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a water quality improvement method and apparatus for improving the water quality of water supply dams, reservoirs, ponds, moats, lakes, marshes, rivers, and the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, regarding the purification of large amounts of water, an intermittent air pumping device (Utility Model Publication No. 63-398) previously proposed by the applicant has achieved great results and has been put into practical use in various parts of the country. Furthermore, it has been proposed to adjust the pH of tap water using slaked lime and to prevent corrosion of water pipes due to calcium.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the intermittent air pumping device, in improving the amount of dissolved oxygen in large volumes of water such as dams, lakes, ponds, and the sea, it can achieve great effects with a relatively small amount of energy. It is known that water depths of 10 m or more are effective in preventing the growth of algae.

For example, a festival with a water volume of 1 million tons has a diameter of 50 cm.

Approximately II per minute per pumping device with a pumping tube 10m long
T? It has been found that by sending pressurized air into the water, the amount of dissolved oxygen can be improved over a period of about one week, and the water temperature can be kept almost constant regardless of the water depth. However, if the water quality is acidic, 5. It is difficult to make this alkaline, and although the elution of phosphorus from the bottom sediment can be suppressed by supplying oxygen, it has been difficult to remove phosphorus from the water.

(Means for Solving the Problems) However, this invention adjusts PR and fixes phosphorus by mixing and diffusing highly concentrated alkaline water produced by dissolving slaked lime or using caustic soda into a dam etc. using an intermittent air pumping device. As a result, they succeeded in preventing eutrophication.

That is, the method invention is a water quality improvement method characterized by injecting highly concentrated alkaline water into water pumped by an intermittent air pumping device and adjusting the pH of a large amount of water as the pumped water diffuses and circulates.

Another invention is characterized in that water in which slaked lime is dissolved is injected into water pumped by an intermittent air pumping device, and as the pumped water diffuses and circulates, calcium phosphorus compounds are generated in the treated water and pH is adjusted. This is a method of improving water quality.

Another invention of the method is to inject water into a dissolution tank containing slaked lime, take out alkaline water in which calcium is dissolved from the dissolution tank, and inject this alkaline water into the pumping water of a water pump to improve the pH of a large amount of water. It is characterized by adjusting the

Further, a water quality improvement method characterized by injecting water in which slaked lime has been dissolved into water pumped by a multi-stage intermittent air pumping device, and adjusting the pH of all or part of the large amount of water as the pumped water diffuses and circulates. It is.

Furthermore, large amounts of water have a pH of either shallow or deep, or both.
It is characterized by adjusting the

Still another method is to arrange slaked lime in a pumping and spouting area by an intermittent air pumping device, and when the pumped water flows, slaked lime high concentration water in which the slaked lime is dissolved is mixed into a large amount of water as the pumped water diffuses and circulates. This is a water quality improvement method characterized by:

Next, the invention of the device connects the tip side of the water supply pipe to the lower part of the dissolution tank containing slaked lime, connects the base end side of the water supply pipe to the upper part of the dissolution tank, and connects the distal end side of the water supply pipe to the intermittent air pumping. This is a water quality improvement device characterized by being connected to a water absorption cylinder of the device.

Next, the invention of another device connects the tip side of a water supply pipe to the lower part of a dissolution tank containing slaked lime, connects the base end of the water supply pipe to the upper part of the dissolution tank, and connects the tip of the water supply pipe to a multistage intermittent water pumping device. This is a water quality improvement device characterized by having a connecting opening in all or part of the water pumping cylinder.

Another invention of the device is for improving water quality, characterized in that the upper part of the water pumping pipe of an intermittent air pumping device in which an air chamber is installed in the lower part of the water pumping pipe is provided with a water-permeable container for pumping diffusion passage 4q and slaked lime. It is an improvement device.

In the above, the solubility of slaked lime is 160 at 20°C.
0a+g/Ω (0.16%), so even if a large amount of slaked lime is placed in the dissolution tank or a large amount of slaked lime block is stored in a water container, it will dissolve to a certain amount, which may cause problems. Easy to manage.

For example, if a large amount of slaked lime is placed in a dissolution tank or a water-flowing container and water is passed through it, calcium will be eluted successively and this state will continue under almost the same conditions until the slaked lime runs out. It works fine without any need for it. According to the water quality of dams etc. normally used for drinking water, 10 to 30 mg/1 of slaked lime is required to adjust the pH.
It is possible to improve water quality by approximately 160 to 50 times the amount of water with a high concentration of 1600 mg/Ω. In addition, to remove phosphorus from water, 50 to 100 mg/R of slaked lime is required, which is approximately 32 times more concentrated than water with a high concentration of 1600 mg/L.
The water quality can be improved by 16 times the amount of water.

In the method of this invention, when preparing highly concentrated water with slaked lime dissolved in advance, the highly concentrated water according to the amount of treated water (for example,
(10,000 tons per 1 million tons of treated water) is required, but since water from a dam, etc. to be treated can be supplied to the dissolution tank, the process can be carried out smoothly and reliably.

Moreover, since it is sufficient to arrange a water passage container containing slaked lime in the pumped water diffusion area at the upper part of the water pumping device, management becomes easier.

However, after improving the feng shui quality, it is only necessary to improve the quality of the amount of inflow water, so the running cost basically corresponds to the amount of inflow water. As a result, many of the problems caused by eutrophication will be solved, truly killing two birds with one stone.

Next, although the capacity of an intermittent air pumping device varies depending on the amount of water, the cross-sectional shape of the dam, etc., and the form of inflow and outflow, it is approximately one pumping tube with a diameter of 50 cm per 1 million tons of water as described above.

However, according to the results of experiments, the planar shape of the dam is somewhat complicated, or the shore is far from the installation location (1000 m).
, or more), it has been observed that the diffusion circulation is more or less uniform.

Therefore, due to this diffusion circulation, the dissolved water of slaked lime is diffused,
Overall water quality can be improved.

In the above description, slaked lime was dissolved to produce highly alkaline water, but this does not preclude the use of other alkaline agents to produce highly alkaline water.

(Function) That is, according to the method of the present invention, the dissolved water of slaked lime is mixed into a large amount of water by diffusion of the water pumped by the intermittent air pumping device, so that it can be easily and evenly spread.

In addition, the slaked lime is simply inserted into the water passage and becomes a soluble solution and diffuses, so there is no need to control the amount of dissolved lime.

In addition, phosphorus dissolved in water due to the dissolution of slaked lime combines with calcium to form a phosphorus compound, fixing the phosphorus insoluble.

According to the device of the present invention, since the pumped water can be effectively diffused and circulated, the dissolved water of slaked lime mixed in the pumped water can also be uniformly diffused.

(Example 1) Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

The lower part of the dissolving tank 1 is filled with slaked lime 2 (for example, placed in a water-flowing container and piled up appropriately), and the water supply pipe 3 is connected to the lower part of the dissolving tank 1. The water supply pipe 3 has a pump 4 and a valve 5.
Interpose. Further, the base end of a transfer pipe 6 is connected to the upper part of the dissolution tank 1, the solution tank 7 is connected to the tip of the transfer pipe 6, and the base end of a water supply pipe 8 in which a pump 11 is interposed is connected to the solution tank 7. , the tip of the water pipe 8 is connected to the water suction tube 10 of the intermittent air pumping device 9.
Make a connection opening in a. In the above, when the pump 4 is rotated and water pumped up from a dam, for example, is sent to the dissolution tank 1 as indicated by the arrow 12 through its suction pipe 14, this water passes through the slaked lime 2 and accumulates in the dissolution tank 1.

Then, the supernatant water is taken out through the transfer pipe 6 as shown by the arrow 13.

In this case, since it is supernatant water and the water level is high, if the position of the solution tank 7 is low, a transfer pump is not required. However, if the dissolution tank 1 is sealed, the water will be automatically transferred to the transfer pipe 6 by the water supplied from the pump 4. Therefore, the water in the solution tank 7 is transferred to the water suction cylinder 10a as indicated by the arrow 15 by the pump 11.

The pumping cylinder 18 of the intermittent air pumping device 9 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
), the water pipe 8 consists of a composite pipe 1o, which is made by integrally bundling four cylinders 18a, 18b, 18C, and 18d, and one water absorption pipe 10a connected below the composite pipe 1o.
It is connected to. The intermittent air pumping device 9 includes a water absorption cylinder 1
The air chamber 20 is fitted into the outside of the lower part of the water absorption cylinder 10a, and the floating chamber 32 is fitted into the outside of the upper part of the water absorption tube 10a. The air chamber 20 includes an inner cylinder 21 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the water absorption cylinder 10a at a predetermined interval, an outer cylinder 22 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the water absorption cylinder 10a at a predetermined interval, and a space between the inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 22. A gap 24 between the water absorption tube Oa and the inner tube 21, a gap 25 between the inner tube 21 and the partition tube 23, and a gap 25 between the inner tube 21 and the partition tube 23;
The upper part of the gap 26 of the outer cylinder 22 is covered with a top plate 27, and the lower part of the gap 24, 25 is closed with a bottom plate 28.

A gap 24 is provided between the upper part of the partition cylinder 23 and the lower part of the inner cylinder 21.
．． Two communication holes 30 are drilled through which the holes 25 and 26 are communicated with each other, and the gap 24 and the inside of the water absorption cylinder 10 are communicated with each other through the communication holes 31. In the figure, 16 is the pressurized air supply pipe, 17 is the water pump 1
A weight is connected to the lower part of 8 by cables 55 and 56, 19 is a cover plate, and 57 is a marker (Fig. 4).

The intermittent air pumping device 9 is lifted by the buoyancy of a floating chamber 32 fixed to the outside of the upper part of the composite cylinder 10, and
Since it is pulled down by

In the above embodiment, when pressurized air is supplied to the air chamber 20 as shown by the arrow 33 as shown in FIG. lower to. When the water level reaches the communication hole 30 in this way, the pressurized air in the air chamber 20 moves as indicated by arrows 35, 36.
37, it passes through each communication hole 29, 30, 31 and enters the water absorption cylinder 10a, becomes a large bubble 58 and rises, and is then divided into four cylinders 18a, 18b, 1.8c, 18d. The air becomes bubbles 38 and rises. In this case, the water below the bubble 38 is pulled up by the buoyancy of the bubble 58.38, and the water above the bubble 58.38 is pushed up by the buoyancy. The water pushed up in this way is transferred to the composite tube 10.
After the water surface 40 is raised as a convex water surface 40a, it gradually descends as shown by the arrow 41 due to gravity, and then flows laterally as shown by the arrow 42. spread to. In this case, the highly concentrated alkaline water produced by the slaked lime supplied into the water absorption tube 10a mixes into the pumped water and rises inside the water pumping tube 18 as shown by the arrow 43, causing a contact between the upper end of the water pumping tube 18 and the water surface. It is caught in the water between the two, rapidly becomes mixed water, is pushed up to the convex water surface 40a, and then spreads out as shown by the arrow 41.

As a result, part of the mixed water will descend from the middle, and the other part will spread below the water surface (for example, between 1 m and 3 m) and reach the shore, descending as shown by arrow 45 and moving down to the bottom of the water as shown by the arrow. 44, and the same circulation is repeated thereafter until the remaining water is completely mixed.

In the above, the pumped water becomes mixed water with the water near the water surface, so there is almost no temperature difference, so there is almost no difference in specific gravity, and it spreads laterally as shown by arrow 42 without settling. become.

(Embodiment 2) In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the float 4 is
A water-permeable container 47 held by a container 6 is installed, and slaked lime is stored in the container 47. When pressurized air is sent to the air chamber 20 of the intermittent air pumping device 9 in this state, the water blown up as shown by the arrow 48 mixes with the water near the water surface as explained in the first embodiment. The water passes through the container 47, during which time the slaked lime is dissolved to become highly concentrated alkaline water, and the water becomes as indicated by the arrow 50.5.
It diffuses as shown in 1, then descends as shown by arrow 52, moves around the bottom of the water as shown by arrow 53, and rises again as shown by arrow 54, so it is the same as in Example 1. Water with a high concentration of slaked lime can be rapidly diffused and mixed.

In the embodiment described above, highly concentrated alkaline water is generated by passing the mixed water through the container 47, so the concentration cannot be adjusted as in the dissolution tank of the first embodiment. and,
If a large amount of water passes through, the concentration will inevitably decrease, but since the amount of water is large, there is no risk of a decrease in efficiency.

(Embodiment 3) Next, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the upper and lower shallow layers and deep layers of a dam, lake, swamp, etc. are treated separately.

That is, a lower intermittent air pumping device 59 and an upper intermittent air pumping device 60 are connected via a separation device 61. The intermittent air pumping device 59 is configured by fitting an air chamber 20 into the lower part of a water pumping tube 62, and the intermittent air pumping device 60 is configured by fitting an air chamber 20a into the bottom of a pumping tube 63. There is. Since each of the air chambers 20.20a is substantially the same as the air chamber 20 of the first embodiment, the corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals.

The separation device 61 has an annular plate 64a fitted and fixed on the outside of the upper end of the water pumping cylinder 62, and a tenth
In the figure, frustoconical separation members 65a165b are loosely fitted vertically at predetermined intervals, and the upper end of the separation members 65a165b is connected to the air chamber 2.
It communicates with the gap 26 between the outer cylinder 22 and the partition cylinder 23 of 0a.

Further, the upper part of the separating member 65b is connected to the lower part of the outer cylinder 22,
An annular plate 64b is fitted and fixed on the outside of the connecting portion.

Next, in FIG. 9, the air chamber 20 includes an inner cylinder 21 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the auxiliary water pump 62a connected to the lower part of the water pump 62 at a predetermined interval, and an inner cylinder 21 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the auxiliary water pump 62a at a predetermined interval. It consists of the fitted outer cylinder 22 and the partition cylinder 23 fitted between the inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 22. The upper part of the gap 25 and the gap 26 between the partition tube 23 and the outer tube 22 are all covered with a top plate 27, and the lower part of the gap 24.25 is covered with a bottom plate 28.
is blocked by. The upper part of the partition tube 23 and the inner tube 2
Communication holes 29 and 30 that communicate the gaps 24, 25, and 26, respectively, are bored in the lower part of the tank 1, and the gaps 24 and the auxiliary water pump 62 are connected to each other.
It communicates with the inside of a through a communication hole 31. In the figure, 16 is a pressurized air supply pipe, 17 is a weight connected to the lower part of the liquid supply cylinder 67 by a continuous line 55, 87 is a water suction pipe, and 88 is a liquid supply pipe connected to the lower part of the water pump cylinder.

The air chamber 20a includes an inner cylinder 21 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the lower part of the water pumping cylinder 63 at a predetermined interval, an outer cylinder 22 that is loosely fitted to the outside of the lower part at a predetermined interval, and an inner cylinder 21 and an outer cylinder 22. It consists of a partition tube 23 fitted between the water pumping tube 63 and the inner tube 21.
a gap 24 between the inner tube 21 and the partition tube 23; a gap 25 between the inner tube 21 and the partition tube 23;
The upper part of the gap 26 between the partition tube 23 and the outer cylinder 22 is covered with a top plate 27, and the lower part of the gap 24, 25 is closed with a bottom plate 28.

A gap 2 is provided at the upper part of the partition cylinder 23 and the lower part of the inner cylinder 21.
Communication holes 29 and 30 are bored to communicate with each other, and the gap 24 and the inside of the water pumping cylinder 63 are communicated with each other through a communication hole 31. The intermittent air pumping device 59,60 is a pumping cylinder 6.
The floating body 66 fixed to the outside of the upper part of the water pump 3 and the weight 17 suspended from the lower part of the water lifting tube 62 keep it vertically underwater as shown in FIG.

A liquid supply cylinder 67 is connected to the lower end of the auxiliary water pump 62a, and a liquid supply ring 68 is installed on the outside of the lower part of the liquid supply cylinder 67. It communicates with 67. Therefore, the water supply pipe 8 is connected to the liquid supply ring 68 as shown by the arrow 7.
The highly concentrated alkaline water sent as shown in FIG. 9 enters the liquid supply cylinder 67 as shown by arrow 71 in FIG.

In the embodiment, from the air supply pipe 16 to the arrow 33 in FIG.
When pressurized air is supplied to the air chamber 20 as shown in FIG. Air flows through each communication hole 29 as shown by arrows 35, 36, and 37.
．． 30.31 and enters the auxiliary pumping cylinder 62a, becomes a bubble 38, and rises as shown by an arrow 43. This bubble 3
8 collides with the lower end closing plate 73 of the water pump 63, and the separating member 65
A and 65b separate air and water, and the air rises as indicated by the arrow 74 in FIG. 10, accumulates at the top of the air chamber 20a, and then gradually lowers the water level. In this way, when the water level reaches 3 degrees of the communication hole as shown by the chain line 75, the air in the air chamber flows through each communication hole 29, 30, 3 as shown by the arrows 35, 36, 37.
1, enters the water pumping tube 63, becomes bubbles 38a, rises as shown by the arrow 76, is blown out above the water pumping tube 63, mixes with the water above, and then becomes a bubble 38a as shown by the arrows 77, 78. 79.
Circulating flow like 80.

On the other hand, the water separated by the separation materials 65a and 65b mixes with water in the vicinity and circulates from the vicinity of the separation material 61 to the bottom of the water as shown by arrows 81, 82, 83, and 84.

According to the embodiment, the intermittent air pumping device 59 can improve the water quality in the deep layer 1-1 The intermittent air pumping device 60 can improve the water quality in the shallow layer.

Normally, in dams, lakes, ponds, etc. with large water depths, the amount of water in the deep and shallow layers is significantly different, so when supplying highly concentrated alkaline water, it would be reasonable to increase the amount of water in the shallow layer and decrease the amount in the deep layer depending on the amount of water. Water quality can be improved quickly and efficiently.

(Embodiment 4) The embodiment shown in FIG.
．． 60 is configured such that pressurized air can be released from independent air chambers.

That is, air chambers 20, 20 of the same structure are installed below the lower water pumping tube 62 and the upper water pumping tube 63, respectively, and the guide plate 85 is connected to the upper end of the lower water pumping tube 62 via a plurality of support rods 79. A leg rod 86 is erected on the upper part of the guide plate 85 to support a liquid supply cylinder 67 connected to the lower end of the upper water pump cylinder 63. Therefore, the vertical convection is performed using the guide plate 85 as a boundary, but the diffusion and circulation of the mixed water is all the same as in Example 3, so the explanation thereof is omitted. Among the reference numerals of each part, those having the same structure as those in Example 3 are given the same reference numerals.

In Examples 3 and 4, an intermittent air pumping device consisting of a single pumping tube was used, but it is also possible to use a composite pumping tube as in Example 1. It is also possible to have multiple stages of two to four stages.

(Effect of the invention) This invention dissolves slaked lime in water, or diffuses and mixes slaked lime in high concentration during the diffusion of pumped water into the water to be treated, so mixing is extremely easy and rapid. It has the effect of achieving a uniform concentration (for example, around pH 7). In this way, pH adjustment using slaked lime has the effect of preventing corrosion of iron pipes and the like in tap water.

Furthermore, dissolved calcium combines with dissolved phosphorus and the like to become insoluble and precipitate, resulting in a significant decrease in soluble phosphorus, which has the effect of improving eutrophication.

Furthermore, it has the effect of improving the water quality of ponds, lakes, and marshes where it is difficult for fish to live due to acid rain.

In addition, in dams, lakes, etc. with large water depths, only the upper layer
Alternatively, by treating the upper layer and the deeper layer separately, the water quality improvement efficiency can be improved and streamlined.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view with a part of the intermittent air pumping device cut away, FIG. 3 is a plan view, and FIG. 4 is a diagram of the installed state. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the installation state of another embodiment, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the installation state of another embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a partially omitted part of the two-stage intermittent air pumping device. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the upper and lower connecting portions, FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lower air chamber, FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper air chamber, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper air chamber. The figure is an enlarged view of another embodiment with some parts omitted. 1...Dissolution tank 2...Slaked lime 3...Water supply pipe 4...Pump 5...Valve 6...Transfer pipe 7...Solution tank 8...Water pipe 9...Intermittent Air pumping device 10... Water suction tube 11... Pump
12.13.14.15...Arrow 17...Heavy!
18... Lifting tube 19... Cover plate 20... Air chamber 21... Inner tube 22... Outer tube 23... Partition tube 24.25.26... Gap portion 27... top plate
28...Bottom plate

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A water quality improvement method characterized by injecting highly concentrated alkaline water into water pumped by an intermittent air pumping device and adjusting the pH of a large amount of water as the pumped water diffuses and circulates. 2. Dissolving slaked lime. Highly concentrated alkaline water is injected into the water pumped by an intermittent air pumping device, and as the pumped water diffuses and circulates, calcium phosphorus compounds are generated in the treated water, and PH
Water quality improvement method 3 characterized by adjusting water quality. By injecting water into a dissolution tank containing slaked lime, taking out alkaline water in which calcium is dissolved from the dissolution tank, and injecting this alkaline water into the pumping water of the water pump. P of large amount of water
4. Water quality improvement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that water in which slaked lime is dissolved is injected into the water pumped by a multi-stage intermittent air pumping device, and a large amount of water is produced as the pumped water diffuses and circulates. Water quality improvement method 5 characterized by adjusting the PH of all or part of a large amount of water.
6. Water quality improvement method according to claim 4, characterized in that slaked lime is arranged in a pumping water spouting area by an intermittent air pumping device, and when the pumped water flows, the slaked lime is dissolved and this water is added to the pumped water. A large amount of water P is diffused through diffusion circulation.
Water quality improvement method 7 characterized by adjusting H The tip side of the water supply pipe is connected to the lower part of the dissolution tank containing slaked lime, the base end side of the water supply pipe is connected to the upper part of the dissolution tank, and the water supply pipe is Water quality improvement device 8, characterized in that the tip side is connected to the water suction tube of an intermittent air pumping device. Water quality improvement device 9, characterized in that the tips of the water pipes are connected and opened to all or part of the water pumping tube of the multistage intermittent water pumping device.Intermittent air pumping device in which an air chamber is installed in the lower part of the water pumping tube. A water quality improvement device characterized in that a water-permeable container for accommodating slaked lime is provided in the upper part of the water pumping cylinder in the pumping water diffusion passage.