JPH03102770A - Heat cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent leakage due to extrusion of a molten substance by furnishing a space between each element cell and heat insulation. CONSTITUTION:Each element cell 1 elliptically formed is made by laminating a genuine formed current collecting plate 2 and a heat emitting substance 3 alternately, and those peripheral part of the element cell 1 other than where contacting a fire leading band 4 is situated inside of the peripheries of the current collecting plate 2 and heat emitting substance 3. Therefore, eventual extrusion of molten electrolyte 6 from the element cell 1 will stagnate in a space 15 provided between the element cell 1 and heat insulation 9, and not move to the adjoining element cell. Thereby electric leak is nullified to lead to enhancement of the discharge performance.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to improvements in the structure of thermal batteries.

Conventional technology and its problems At room temperature, thermal batteries do not generate any electricity because the electrolyte is solid and has no ionic conductivity. However, when used, a small amount of electrical energy or mechanical energy is supplied from the outside. This is a battery that burns a heating element inside the battery, and the heat melts the electrolyte in the unit cell to generate electricity.
Also called molten salt battery.

The number of cells used in thermal batteries is adjusted according to the required voltage, but usually 10 to 15 cells are connected in series. In this case, the cells are heated. However, when operating a thermal battery, the temperature of the unit cell is heated to several hundred degrees Celsius, so one of the unit cells is heated in a molten state.
It may protrude to 48. When this protrusion comes into contact with an adjacent unit cell, it causes electrical leakage, which consumes electrical energy, reducing the amount of power extracted from each battery, resulting in a drop in voltage and a reduction in discharge time. there were.

Conventionally, in order to solve this problem, a heat-resistant mat-like material was placed around the unit cell to trap the melted material. However, this method cannot sufficiently capture the molten material and not only cannot achieve its purpose, but also has poor workability and requires a lot of work because it requires placing a hematite around the periphery of each unit cell. This required a considerable number of man-hours.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above problems and provides a thermal battery with excellent discharge performance by improving the internal structure of the thermal battery. It is a thermal battery as described in the claims.

Example A dormitory embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the thermal battery of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes an elliptical unit cell, which is alternately stacked with a perfect circular current collector plate 2 and a heat generating element 3. A large conductive band 4 for igniting the heating element 3 is arranged around the unit cell 1 in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the line ▲-▲' in FIG. The unit cells 1 are stacked alternately with current collector plates 2 and heating elements 3. The unit cell 1 includes an anode plate 5 made of chromic acid ILk/t/um and iron disulfide,
The current collector plate 2 is composed of an electrolyte layer 6 made of a eutectic mixed salt of potassium chloride and lithium chloride, and a cathode plate 7 made of aluminum or lithium.
The heating element 3 is made of zirconia and barium chromate. 8 is an ignition ball for igniting the heating element 3;
9 is a heat insulating material made of asbestos and A/Tna fiber, 10 is an anode terminal, 11 is a cathode terminal, 12 is an ignition terminal, 15 is a lid made of stainless steel mesh or iron, and 14 is! This is a battery case made of the same material as No. 15.

In the thermal battery of the present invention, the outer periphery of the unit cell 1 is located inside the outer periphery of the current collector plate 2 and the heating element 5 except for the part that contacts the fuse cord 4, so that the electrolyte 6 of the unit cell 1 does not protrude due to melting. Even if this occurs, the protruding substance will not accumulate in the space 15 between the unit cell 1 and the heat insulating material 9 and will not move to the adjacent unit cell, and there will be no electrical leakage. In addition, the number of man-hours required for placing a mat-like material on the outer periphery of the conventional method is reduced, which contributes to cost reduction. We prototyped a conventional thermal battery placed in Shuhei,
The discharge characteristics of each were compared. Each of the thermal batteries uses a unit cell of 10°C, the discharge temperature is 50°C, and the load resistance is 6Ω. The results are shown in FIG.

As is clear from FIG. 3, the discharge time of the product of the present invention is superior to that of the conventional product.

Effects of the Invention Since the present invention has the structure as described in the claims, it prevents leakage due to protrusion of molten material and provides a thermal battery with a stable discharge capacity I. The value is extremely great.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the thermal battery of the present invention, and Figure 2 is ▲ of Figure 1.
FIG. 3, which is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the -▲' portion, is a diagram showing the relationship between discharge time and voltage. 1: Unit cell 2: Current collector plate 5: Heating element 15: Space part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A thermal battery characterized in that a space is provided between a unit cell and a heat insulating material. 2) A thermal battery characterized in that an elliptical unit cell, and a perfect circular current collector plate and a heat generating element each having a diameter approximately equal to the major axis of the unit cell are laminated alternately.