JPH0310087A - Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof - Google Patents

Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof

Info

Publication number
JPH0310087A
JPH0310087A JP14255389A JP14255389A JPH0310087A JP H0310087 A JPH0310087 A JP H0310087A JP 14255389 A JP14255389 A JP 14255389A JP 14255389 A JP14255389 A JP 14255389A JP H0310087 A JPH0310087 A JP H0310087A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
alloy member
low
gloss
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP14255389A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ineki Yagi
八木 稲記
Osamu Takezoe
竹添 修
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority to JP14255389A priority Critical patent/JPH0310087A/en
Publication of JPH0310087A publication Critical patent/JPH0310087A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a low lustrous Al alloy member having low surface luster and superior corrosion resistance by immersing an Al alloy member in an aq. NaOH soln. contg. a Ca salt. CONSTITUTION:A mixed aq. soln. contg. CaCl2 and NaOH is heated to about 70 deg.C and an Al alloy member is immersed in the soln. The surface of the member is etched by the NaOH, an oxide coating film on the surface is dissolved and the surface luster is lost. An Al-Ca compd. is formed on the etched surface and renders high hardness and corrosion resistance. A corrosion preventive coating film having low luster is easily formed on the surface of the Al alloy member.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野コ 本発明は送電塔及び送電塔に設置する部材等に使用する
のに好適の金属光沢を消失させた低光沢アルミニウム合
金部材及びその製造方法に関し、特にアルミニウム合金
部材の表面低光沢化及び防食皮膜形成を同一の処理工程
で実施できる低光沢アルミニウム合金部材及びその製造
方法に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a low-gloss aluminum alloy member that has lost its metallic luster and is suitable for use in power transmission towers and members installed on power transmission towers, and a method for manufacturing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a low-gloss aluminum alloy member and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the surface gloss of the aluminum alloy member and form an anticorrosive film in the same treatment process.

[従来の技術] アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金部材は、雰囲気中の
酸素と反応してその表面に耐食性の酸化皮膜が形成され
るため、大気中において極めて良好な耐食性を有しいる
。このため、通常、送電塔(ストラフチャー)、ニスコ
ートレール(セーフティーレール)、タラップ及び手摺
等にアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を使用する場合
は、表面処理を施さないで、無処理のままの部材が使用
されている。
[Prior Art] Aluminum or aluminum alloy members have extremely good corrosion resistance in the atmosphere because they react with oxygen in the atmosphere to form a corrosion-resistant oxide film on their surfaces. For this reason, when aluminum or aluminum alloy is used for power transmission towers (straftures), varnished rails (safety rails), ramps, handrails, etc., the untreated parts are usually used without surface treatment. There is.

表面処理が施されていないアルミニウム又はアルミニウ
ム合金部材の表面は金属光沢を有しており、その光沢度
は極めて高い。このため、国立公園及び環境保全区域等
、自然の景観を大切にする地域に建設される送電塔及び
この送電塔に取り付けられる部材にアルミニウム合金を
使用すると、送電塔又はこれらの部材が太陽光線を反射
するため、眩しさを感じさせて周囲との違和感が発生し
てしまう。近年、送電塔においては、周囲の景観と融和
し、美観を損なうことのない配慮が重視されている。こ
のため、アルミニウム合金部材の表面の金属光沢を無く
シ、その表面光沢度を60″鏡面光沢度で15%以下と
した低光沢のアルミニウム合金部材が要望されている。
The surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy member that has not been subjected to surface treatment has a metallic luster, and its glossiness is extremely high. For this reason, if aluminum alloy is used for power transmission towers and components attached to power transmission towers constructed in areas where natural scenery is valued, such as national parks and environmental conservation areas, the power transmission towers or these components will be exposed to sunlight. Because it reflects, it creates a sense of glare and makes you feel out of place with your surroundings. In recent years, emphasis has been placed on power transmission towers to blend in with the surrounding landscape and not impair their aesthetic appearance. Therefore, there is a demand for a low-gloss aluminum alloy member that eliminates the metallic luster on the surface of the aluminum alloy member and has a surface gloss of 15% or less in terms of 60'' specular gloss.

従来、アルミニウム合金部材の表面を低光沢化する方法
としては、アルミニウム合金部材の表面を化学的又は機
械的に粗面化する方法、陽極酸化処理を施す方法、陽極
酸化処理を施した後着色する方法及び部材表面を塗装す
る方法等がある。これらの方法は、送電塔及び送電塔に
取り付ける部材の表面処理にも使用されている。
Conventionally, methods for reducing the gloss of the surface of an aluminum alloy member include chemically or mechanically roughening the surface of the aluminum alloy member, applying anodization treatment, and coloring after anodization treatment. There are several methods, including methods of painting the surface of the member. These methods are also used for surface treatment of power transmission towers and members attached to power transmission towers.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] しかしながら、上述した従来の低光沢化処理方法におい
ては、いずれも以下に示す欠点を有している。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional low-gloss treatment methods described above all have the following drawbacks.

アルミニウム合金部材の表面を化学的又は機械的に粗面
化すると、アルミニウム合金部材表面の耐食性ををする
酸化皮膜が除去されてしまう。このため、金属光沢を消
失させることはできるが、アルミニウム合金部材の白色
の地肌が露出して送電塔と周囲との違和感がかえって増
大すると共に、アルミニウム合金部材の耐食性も低下す
る。
When the surface of an aluminum alloy member is chemically or mechanically roughened, the oxide film that provides corrosion resistance on the surface of the aluminum alloy member is removed. Therefore, although the metallic luster can be eliminated, the white background of the aluminum alloy member is exposed, which increases the sense of discomfort between the power transmission tower and the surroundings, and also reduces the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy member.

また、陽極酸化処理を施す方法及び陽極酸化処理後に着
色する方法においては、前処理、陽極酸化処理、着色及
び封孔処理等の工程が必要であり、作業が煩雑であると
共に処理コストが高い。
Furthermore, in the method of applying anodizing treatment and the method of coloring after anodizing treatment, steps such as pretreatment, anodizing treatment, coloring, and sealing treatment are required, and the work is complicated and the processing cost is high.

更に、アルミニウム合金部材を塗装する場合は、アルミ
ニウム合金部材表面の酸化皮膜を除去した後、化成処理
又はプライマーにより下地処理を施してから塗装を行う
必要があり、作業性が極めて悪いと共に、処理コストが
極めて高い。特に、焼付塗装を行う場合は処理コストが
著しく上昇する。
Furthermore, when painting aluminum alloy parts, it is necessary to remove the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy part and then apply a base treatment using chemical conversion treatment or a primer before painting, which is extremely difficult to work with and increases processing costs. is extremely high. In particular, when baking is performed, the processing cost increases significantly.

本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、
表面光沢度が低いと共に耐食性が優れており、製造コス
トが低い低光沢アルミニウム合金部材及びその製造方法
を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and includes:
An object of the present invention is to provide a low-gloss aluminum alloy member that has low surface gloss, excellent corrosion resistance, and low manufacturing cost, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[課題を解決するだめの手段] 本発明に係る低光沢アルミニウム合金部材は、エツチン
グ処理された表面を有し、この表面にアルミニウム−カ
ルシウム化合物の皮膜が形成されていることを特徴とす
る。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The low-gloss aluminum alloy member according to the present invention is characterized in that it has an etched surface and a film of an aluminum-calcium compound is formed on this surface.

本発明に係る低光沢アルミニウム合金部材の製造方法は
、カルシウム塩を含有する水酸化ナトリウム水溶液にア
ルミニウム合金部材を浸漬してこのアルミニウム合金部
材の表面に防食皮膜を形成することを特徴とする。
The method for manufacturing a low-gloss aluminum alloy member according to the present invention is characterized in that the aluminum alloy member is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing a calcium salt to form an anticorrosive film on the surface of the aluminum alloy member.

[作用] 本願発明者等はアルミニウム合金部材の表面の低光沢化
と、防食皮膜形成とを同一の工程で同時に行うべく鋭意
研究を重ねた。その結果、カルシウム塩を含有する水酸
化ナトリウム水溶液中にアルミニウム合金部材を浸漬す
ることにより、アルミニウム合金部材表面の低光沢化と
防食皮膜形成とを同時に行うことができることを見い出
した。
[Function] The inventors of the present application have conducted extensive research in order to reduce the gloss of the surface of an aluminum alloy member and form an anticorrosive film at the same time in the same process. As a result, it has been found that by immersing the aluminum alloy member in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing calcium salts, it is possible to reduce the gloss of the surface of the aluminum alloy member and form an anticorrosive film at the same time.

本願発明はこの研究結果を基になされたものである。The present invention is based on the results of this research.

本発明方法においてはカルシウム塩を含有する水酸化ナ
トリウム水溶液にアルミニウム合金部材を浸漬する。そ
うすると、アルミニウム合金部材の表面は水酸化ナトリ
ウムによりエツチングされ、酸化皮膜が溶解して表面の
光沢が消失される。
In the method of the present invention, an aluminum alloy member is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing a calcium salt. Then, the surface of the aluminum alloy member is etched by the sodium hydroxide, the oxide film is dissolved, and the surface luster is lost.

方、エツチングされたアルミニウム合金部材の表面には
アルミニウム−カルシウム化合物の皮膜が形成される。
On the other hand, a film of an aluminum-calcium compound is formed on the surface of the etched aluminum alloy member.

このアルミニウム−カルシウム化合物の皮膜は極めて緻
密な組織であり、硬度が高いと共に耐食性が優れている
。このようにして、アルミニウム合金部材の表面に容易
に低光沢の防食皮膜を形成することができる。
This aluminum-calcium compound film has an extremely dense structure, high hardness, and excellent corrosion resistance. In this way, a low-gloss anticorrosive film can be easily formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy member.

また、このアルミニウム−カルシウム化合物皮膜を育す
るアルミニウム合金部材をケイ酸塩水溶液に浸漬するこ
とにより、耐食性が極めて高いケイ酸皮膜が形成される
。これにより、アルミニウム合金部材の耐食性を一層向
上させることができる。このため、アルミニウム合金部
材をカルシウム塩を含有する水酸化ナトリウムに浸漬さ
せた後に、ケイ酸塩水溶液に浸漬することが好ましい。
Moreover, by immersing the aluminum alloy member on which the aluminum-calcium compound film grows in an aqueous silicate solution, a silicate film with extremely high corrosion resistance is formed. Thereby, the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy member can be further improved. For this reason, it is preferable that the aluminum alloy member is immersed in sodium hydroxide containing calcium salt and then immersed in a silicate aqueous solution.

更に、本発明に係る低光沢アルミニウム合金部材におい
ては、その表面に上述の方法により形成された低光沢防
食皮膜が形成されている。これにより、低光沢アルミニ
ウム合金部材による太陽光線の反射が抑制されるため、
例えば送電塔に取り付けられた送電塔部材が自然の景観
を損なう虞れを減少することができる。また、低光沢処
理及び防食皮膜の形成が同一の工程で同時に行われるた
め、低光沢アルミニウム合金部材の製造コストを低減で
きる。
Furthermore, in the low-gloss aluminum alloy member according to the present invention, a low-gloss anticorrosive coating formed by the above-described method is formed on the surface thereof. This suppresses the reflection of sunlight by low-gloss aluminum alloy members, so
For example, it is possible to reduce the possibility that a power transmission tower member attached to a power transmission tower will damage the natural scenery. Furthermore, since the low gloss treatment and the formation of the anticorrosive film are performed simultaneously in the same process, the manufacturing cost of the low gloss aluminum alloy member can be reduced.

[実施例コ 次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。[Example code] Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

アルミニウム合金押出形材(JIS Al11063−
T5)から形成された送電塔用ニスコートレールを用意
した。そして、塩化カルシウムと水酸化ナトリウムとの
混合水溶液を70″Cに加温してこれを処理液とし、こ
の処理液中に前記ニスコートレールを10分間浸漬した
後、ニスコートレールを処理液から取り出して水洗した
。これにより、ニスコートレール表面の金属光沢は完全
に消失し、全面にグレイ色(灰色)の低光沢防食皮膜が
均一に形成された。
Aluminum alloy extruded shape (JIS Al11063-
A varnish coated rail for a power transmission tower made of T5) was prepared. Then, a mixed aqueous solution of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide was heated to 70"C to be used as a treatment solution, and after immersing the varnished rail in this treatment solution for 10 minutes, the varnished rail was taken out from the treatment solution. As a result, the metallic luster on the varnished rail surface completely disappeared, and a gray, low-gloss anticorrosive film was uniformly formed on the entire surface.

また、濃度が3重量%の水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム1
号)水溶液を95°Cに加温し、この液中に上記低光沢
防食皮膜を有するニスコートレールを10分間浸漬した
。これにより、ケイ酸皮膜を形成し、低光沢防食皮膜の
防食性の強化を行った。
In addition, water glass with a concentration of 3% by weight (sodium silicate 1
No.) The aqueous solution was heated to 95°C, and the varnish coated rail having the above-mentioned low-gloss anticorrosion coating was immersed in this solution for 10 minutes. As a result, a silicic acid film was formed, and the anticorrosion properties of the low-gloss anticorrosive film were strengthened.

次に、上述の方法により低光沢防食皮膜を形成したニス
コートレールの光沢度及び耐食性を調べた結果について
、従来のニスコートレールと比較して説明する。
Next, the results of examining the glossiness and corrosion resistance of a varnished rail on which a low-gloss anticorrosion coating was formed by the above method will be explained in comparison with a conventional varnished rail.

上述した塩化カルシウムと水酸化ナトリウムとの混合液
中に浸漬する方法により低光沢防食皮膜を形成したニス
コートレールを実施例1とし、水ガラス水溶液に浸漬し
て防食性を強化したニスコートレールを実施例2とした
Example 1 is a varnished rail in which a low-gloss anticorrosion film was formed by immersing it in the above-mentioned mixed solution of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide, and Example 1 is a varnished rail in which the anticorrosion property was strengthened by immersing it in a water glass aqueous solution. It was set as 2.

一方、実施例1,2に使用したものと同一のJIS 6
063−75アルミニウム合金押出し形材から形成した
が、表面に低光沢及び防食処理を施していないニスコー
トレールを比較例1とした。また、JIS [io[1
3−75アルミニウム合金押出し形材にショツトブラス
ト加工を施した後、表面に10μmの厚さでアルマイト
皮膜を形成し、このアルマイト皮膜にグレイ色の染色を
行ったニスコートレールを比較例2とした。更に、JI
S l1iOG3−T5アルミニウム合金押出し形材に
化成処理を施した後、20μmの厚さで艶消し焼付塗装
を行ったニスコートレールを比較例3とした。
On the other hand, the same JIS 6 used in Examples 1 and 2
Comparative Example 1 was a varnish coated rail formed from an extruded 063-75 aluminum alloy section, but without low gloss and anti-corrosion treatment on the surface. In addition, JIS [io[1
Comparative Example 2 was a varnish coated rail in which a 3-75 aluminum alloy extruded section was subjected to shot blasting, an alumite film was formed on the surface to a thickness of 10 μm, and this alumite film was dyed gray. Furthermore, J.I.
Comparative Example 3 was a varnish coated rail in which a S l1iOG3-T5 aluminum alloy extruded shape was subjected to chemical conversion treatment and then subjected to matte baking coating to a thickness of 20 μm.

そして、実施例1.2及び比較例1乃至3の各ニスコー
トレールの60″鏡面光沢度並びに2ケ月間大気に曝露
させた後の60″鏡面光沢度及び腐食状況を調べた。ま
た、各ニスコートレールの表面に塩水を噴霧し、200
時間後の腐食状況を調べた。
Then, the 60'' specular gloss of each of the varnish coated rails of Example 1.2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and the 60'' specular gloss and corrosion status after being exposed to the atmosphere for two months were examined. In addition, salt water was sprayed on the surface of each varnish coated rail, and
The corrosion status was examined after a period of time.

更に、各ニスコートレールに施した表面処理に要した処
理コストも調べた。これらの結果を第1表にまとめて示
す。但し、耐食性については腐食がない場合を◎、腐食
が極めて少ない場合を01腐食が少ない場合を△、腐食
が著しい場合を×で示した。また、処理コストについて
は、相対的に比較して処理コストが低い場合を◎、極め
て高い場合を×で示した。
Furthermore, the processing cost required for the surface treatment applied to each varnish coated rail was also investigated. These results are summarized in Table 1. However, regarding corrosion resistance, a case where there is no corrosion is shown as ◎, a case where there is very little corrosion is shown as 0, a case where there is little corrosion is shown as △, and a case where there is significant corrosion is shown as x. Regarding the processing cost, cases where the processing cost is relatively low are indicated by ◎, and cases where it is extremely high are indicated by ×.

この第1表から明らかなように、実施例1,2はいずれ
も光沢度が0.8%と極めて低く、大気曝露後も光沢度
は殆ど変化しなかった。また、耐食性も優れており、特
にケイ酸塩により処理した実施例2は塩水を噴霧しても
腐食が発生せず、極めて優れた耐食性を示した。更に、
実施例1,2はいずれも処理コストが低かった。
As is clear from Table 1, both Examples 1 and 2 had extremely low gloss levels of 0.8%, and the gloss levels hardly changed even after exposure to the atmosphere. Moreover, the corrosion resistance was also excellent, and in particular, Example 2, which was treated with silicate, showed no corrosion even when sprayed with salt water, and showed extremely excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore,
Both Examples 1 and 2 had low processing costs.

一方、低光沢処理及び防食処理を施していない比較例1
は初期の光沢度が117と極めて高く、塩水を噴霧した
場合、著しい腐食が発生した。また、アルマイト皮膜を
形成した後染色した比較例2は、光沢度が2.8%と比
較的低く、耐食性も優れているが、処理コストは高いも
のであった。更に、化成処理を施した後、艶消し焼付塗
装を行った比較例3も処理コストが高く、また光沢度も
実施例1゜2及び比較例2と比較すると高い。
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 without low gloss treatment and anti-corrosion treatment
had an extremely high initial gloss level of 117, and when salt water was sprayed on it, significant corrosion occurred. Comparative Example 2, in which the alumite film was formed and then dyed, had a relatively low gloss of 2.8% and excellent corrosion resistance, but the processing cost was high. Furthermore, Comparative Example 3, in which a matte baking coating was applied after chemical conversion treatment, also had a high processing cost, and the gloss level was also high compared to Example 1.2 and Comparative Example 2.

第 1 表 なお、低光沢皮膜を形成するためのカルシウム塩として
は、実施例において使用した塩化カルシウムの他に、炭
酸カルシウム、硝酸カルシウム及び水酸化カルシウム等
がある。また、ケイ酸塩としては実施例に使用したケイ
酸ナトリウム1号の他にケイ酸す) IJウム2号及び
3号等も使用できる。
Table 1 Note that, in addition to the calcium chloride used in the examples, calcium salts for forming the low gloss film include calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate, calcium hydroxide, and the like. Further, as the silicate, in addition to sodium silicate No. 1 used in the examples, sodium silicate No. 2 and No. 3 can also be used.

[発明の効果] 以上説明したように本発明方法によれば、カルシウム塩
を含有する水酸化ナトリウム水溶液にアルミニウム合金
部材を浸漬することにより、アルミニウム合金部材の表
面に低光沢防食皮膜を形成するから、アルミニウム合金
部材の表面の低光沢化と耐食性が優れた防食皮膜の形成
とを同時に処理することができ、その皮膜形成のための
作業性が良好であり、処理コストが低い。また、形成さ
れた低光沢防食皮膜は光沢度が低いと共に、耐候性及び
耐食性が優れている。
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the method of the present invention, a low-gloss anticorrosive film is formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy member by immersing the aluminum alloy member in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing a calcium salt. , it is possible to reduce the gloss of the surface of an aluminum alloy member and form an anticorrosive film with excellent corrosion resistance at the same time, and the workability for forming the film is good and the processing cost is low. In addition, the formed low-gloss anticorrosive coating has low gloss and excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance.

また、本発明に係る低光沢アルミニウム合金部材は、そ
の表面がエツチング処理されており、その表面にアルミ
ニウム−カルシウム化合物皮膜が形成されているから、
表面の耐食性を具備しつつ太陽光線の反射を抑制できる
。このため、環境保全区域等において送電塔部材に使用
しても周囲との違和感が少ない。また、耐候性及び耐食
性が優れている。
Furthermore, since the surface of the low-gloss aluminum alloy member according to the present invention has been etched, and an aluminum-calcium compound film is formed on the surface,
It can suppress reflection of sunlight while providing surface corrosion resistance. Therefore, even if it is used as a power transmission tower member in an environmental conservation area, it will not look out of place with the surroundings. It also has excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance.

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)エッチング処理された表面を有し、この表面にア
ルミニウム−カルシウム化合物の皮膜が形成されている
ことを特徴とする低光沢アルミニウム合金部材。
(1) A low-gloss aluminum alloy member having an etched surface on which a film of an aluminum-calcium compound is formed.
(2)カルシウム塩を含有する水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
にアルミニウム合金部材を浸漬してこのアルミニウム合
金部材の表面に防食皮膜を形成することを特徴とする低
光沢アルミニウム合金部材の製造方法。
(2) A method for manufacturing a low-gloss aluminum alloy member, which comprises immersing the aluminum alloy member in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution containing a calcium salt to form an anticorrosive film on the surface of the aluminum alloy member.
(3)上記防食皮膜を形成したアルミニウム合金部材を
ケイ酸塩水溶液に浸漬してこのアルミニウム合金部材の
表面の防食皮膜上にケイ酸皮膜を形成することを特徴と
する請求項2に記載の低光沢アルミニウム合金部材の製
造方法。
(3) The aluminum alloy member having the anti-corrosion coating formed thereon is immersed in an aqueous silicate solution to form a silicate film on the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy member. A method for producing a bright aluminum alloy member.
JP14255389A 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof Pending JPH0310087A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14255389A JPH0310087A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14255389A JPH0310087A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0310087A true JPH0310087A (en) 1991-01-17

Family

ID=15318022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP14255389A Pending JPH0310087A (en) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 Low lustrous aluminum alloy member and production thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0310087A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140158681A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Titan Energy Services Ltd. Fastening assembly for modular container

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140158681A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Titan Energy Services Ltd. Fastening assembly for modular container

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