JPH0294381A - Manufacture of multi-layer brush - Google Patents
Manufacture of multi-layer brushInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0294381A JPH0294381A JP24715688A JP24715688A JPH0294381A JP H0294381 A JPH0294381 A JP H0294381A JP 24715688 A JP24715688 A JP 24715688A JP 24715688 A JP24715688 A JP 24715688A JP H0294381 A JPH0294381 A JP H0294381A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- molding
- laminated
- optimum
- brushes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は２つ又は２つ以上の異種ブラシを積層した多層
ブラシ、さらに詳しくは例えば自動車、電動工具、クリ
ーナ、ミキサー等に使用される小型電動パワーモーター
用の多層積層ブラシの製造方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a multi-layered brush in which two or more different types of brushes are laminated, and more specifically, a small-sized brush used in automobiles, power tools, cleaners, mixers, etc. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a multilayer laminated brush for an electric power motor.
〔従来の技術］
従来、直流モーター用として一般的に用いられている第
３図（ａ）の単層ブラシ２０は整流子２３との整流性を
良くすると接触抵抗が高くなり、又、接触抵抗を低くす
ると整流性が悪（なる欠点があった。そのため、第３図
（ｂ）及び（Ｃ）に示すような低抵抗１２１と高抵抗層
２２の異種ブラシを積層した２Ｎの積層ブラシ（第３図
（ｃ）は同図（ｂ）の底面図である。）又は第３図（ｄ
）及び（ｅ）に示すような３層の積層ブラシ（第３図（
ｅ）は同図（ｄ）の底面図である。）を整流子２３の接
線方向に配列したブラシが注目されていた。[Prior Art] Conventionally, the single-layer brush 20 shown in FIG. 3(a), which is commonly used for DC motors, has a high contact resistance when commutating with the commutator 23. There was a drawback that the rectification performance was poor when the resistance was lowered.Therefore, a 2N laminated brush (a laminated brush of different types including a low resistance layer 121 and a high resistance layer 22 as shown in FIGS. 3(b) and 3(C)) was used. Figure 3(c) is a bottom view of Figure 3(b).) or Figure 3(d).
) and (e), a three-layer laminated brush (Fig. 3 (
e) is a bottom view of the same figure (d). ) are arranged in the tangential direction of the commutator 23, which has attracted attention.
これらの多層積層ブラシは異種材料、例えば銀−黒鉛系
ブラシと銅−黒鉛系ブラシ、銅−黒鉛系ブラシと黒鉛ベ
ースのブラシ、黒鉛ベースのブラシと黒鉛−合成樹脂ブ
ラシなどの材料による異種材料を組み合わせ積層したも
のである。These multilayer laminated brushes are made of different materials, such as silver-graphite brushes and copper-graphite brushes, copper-graphite brushes and graphite-based brushes, graphite-based brushes and graphite-synthetic resin brushes, etc. It is a combination of layers.
上記従来の積層ブラシの製造方法は、例えば予め所定の
形状に成形・焼成して作った異種ブラシ同志を接着剤な
いしは導電性接着剤で接着する、あるいは圧粉成形用ダ
イスの成形型内に異種ブラシの原料粉末を交互に入れて
、上・下ポンチで押圧して一体成形し、それを焼成する
方法などであった。又、積層面が凹凸係合された積層ブ
ラシの製造方法としては特公昭５９−５１１１８号が知
られている。The above-mentioned conventional method for manufacturing laminated brushes involves, for example, bonding brushes of different types that have been formed and fired into a predetermined shape with an adhesive or conductive adhesive, or placing brushes of different types in a mold of a compacting die. The method was to alternately add raw material powder for the brush, press it with upper and lower punches to form a single piece, and then fire it. Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-51118 is known as a method for manufacturing a laminated brush in which the laminated surfaces are engaged with concavities and convexities.
上記従来の接着剤を用いる方法は、接着作業に人手を要
する（特に小型の積層ブラシの場合は特に作業性が悪い
、）と共に接着剤を用いるため結局ブラシは高価なもの
となるばかりか、積層境界面に存在する樹脂（接着剤）
がブラシのすべり性能（整流性）に悪影響を与える。又
、異種ブラシを積層成形した後焼成する方法は、異種ブ
ラシはそれぞれ最適焼成温度が異なるためさまざまな不
都合が生ずる。すなわち、例えば、最適焼成温度が約７
００°Ｃの銀−黒鉛系ブラシと最適焼成温度が約８００
°Ｃの銅−黒鉛系ブラシを積層した積層ブラシの場合は
、低い最適焼成温度である約７００°Ｃで焼成すると銅
−黒鉛系ブラシの焼成が十分でなく、そのためその強度
、対摩耗性等が十分でない、又、高い最適焼成温度であ
る約８００°Ｃで焼成すると、低い最適焼成温度を有す
る銀−黒鉛系ブラシはその根の組織が破壊され銀が外部
に流出する現象が生ずる。さらに最適焼成温度が１００
０°Ｃ以上の黒鉛ヘースブラシと最適焼成温度が約２０
０℃の黒鉛−合成樹脂を積層した積層ブラシの場合は両
者の最適焼成温度の差が著しいのでこれを同時焼成する
ことは不可能である。The above-mentioned method using conventional adhesives requires labor for the gluing work (particularly in the case of small laminated brushes, the workability is particularly poor), and since the adhesive is used, the brushes not only end up being expensive, but also Resin (adhesive) present on the interface
This has a negative effect on the sliding performance (rectification) of the brush. Furthermore, the method of laminating and baking different types of brushes causes various inconveniences because different types of brushes have different optimum firing temperatures. That is, for example, if the optimum firing temperature is about 7
Silver-graphite brush at 00°C and optimum firing temperature of approximately 800°C
In the case of a laminated brush made of laminated copper-graphite brushes at a temperature of approximately 700°C, which is the low optimum firing temperature, the copper-graphite brushes will not be fired sufficiently, resulting in poor strength, wear resistance, etc. If the silver-graphite brush has an insufficient firing temperature of about 800°C, which is a high optimum firing temperature, the root structure of the silver-graphite brush having a low optimum firing temperature will be destroyed and the silver will flow out. Furthermore, the optimum firing temperature is 100
Graphite hair brush above 0°C and optimum firing temperature of about 20°C
In the case of a laminated brush in which graphite and synthetic resin are laminated at 0°C, it is impossible to fire them simultaneously because the difference in the optimum firing temperature between the two is significant.
本発明は上記従来の問題点を解消し、最ｉ！！ｌ焼成温
度が異なる異種ブラシを積層した積層ブラシの製造方法
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and provides the most i! ! An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a laminated brush in which different types of brushes having different firing temperatures are laminated.
本発明は、最適焼成温度が異なる２つの異種ブラシを積
層した２層以上の多層ブラシの製造方法において、高い
最適焼成温度を有する異種ブラシの原料粉末を所定の形
状に成形し、それを該高い最適焼成温度で焼成して焼成
体とした後、該焼成体と低い最適焼成温度を有する異種
ブラシの原料粉末とを圧粉成形用ダイスの成形型内に入
れて押圧し、多層積層ブラシの成形体とし、該成形体を
該低い最適焼成温度で焼成することを特徴とする多層ブ
ラシの製造方法並びに最適焼成温度が異なる複数の異種
ブラシを積層した多層ブラシの製造方法において、それ
ぞれの異種ブラシの原料粉末をそれぞれ所定の形状に成
形し、それぞれの最適焼成温度で焼成してそれぞれを焼
成体とした後、成形金型内にそれぞれの焼成体を入れ、
押圧して積層係合させることを特徴とする多層ブラシの
製造方法である。The present invention is a method for manufacturing a multilayer brush of two or more layers in which two different types of brushes with different optimum firing temperatures are laminated. After firing at an optimum firing temperature to form a fired body, the fired body and a raw material powder for a different kind of brush having a low optimum firing temperature are placed in a mold of a powder compacting die and pressed to form a multilayer laminated brush. A method for producing a multilayer brush, characterized in that the molded body is fired at the low optimum firing temperature, and a method for producing a multilayer brush in which a plurality of different types of brushes having different optimum firing temperatures are laminated. After forming each raw material powder into a predetermined shape and firing each at the optimum firing temperature to make each into a fired body, put each fired body into a mold,
This is a method for manufacturing a multilayer brush characterized by pressing and stacking and engaging.
（実施例）
以下、本発明を実施例に基づき説明する。第１図は本発
明の製造方法を説明した説明図である。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on Examples. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the manufacturing method of the present invention.
高い最適焼成温度を有する異種ブラシの原料粉末１を圧
粉成形用ダイス２の成形型内３に充填し、これを上ポン
チ４と下ポンチ５で押圧する。上・下ポンチ４．５の押
圧面４４．５５にはそれぞれ凹凸面を有するが、これは
積層ブラシの異種ブラシ間の境界面を凹凸係合するため
のものであるが、本発明は、押圧面４４．５５の双方又
は一方が平坦の状態にあってもよい（第１図（ａ））。A raw material powder 1 for a different kind of brush having a high optimum firing temperature is filled into a mold 3 of a powder compacting die 2, and is pressed with an upper punch 4 and a lower punch 5. The pressing surfaces 44.55 of the upper and lower punches 4.5 each have an uneven surface, and this is for engaging the interface between different types of brushes in the laminated brush. Both or one of the surfaces 44,55 may be flat (FIG. 1(a)).
押圧成形された成形体を圧粉成形用ダイス２から取り出
し、これを原料粉末工の最適焼成温度で焼成すると焼成
体６となる（第１図（ｂ））。次に、圧粉成形用ダイス
７の成形型内８に、前記原料粉末１と異なりかつそれよ
り低い最適焼成温度を有する原料粉末９を入れ、その上
に前記焼成体６、原料粉末９の順で入れ、これらを上ポ
ンチ１０、下ポンチ１１で所定圧で押圧する。成形用ダ
イス７の大きさは、焼成体６が容易に搬送挿入されるよ
うに焼成体６の大きさより適宜大きくなっていることが
好ましい。量産の場合は、焼成体６はパーツフィーダー
等の搬送装置によって成形型内８に送り込むことができ
る（第１図（ｃ））、押圧後圧粉成形用ダイス７から取
り出した成形体１２はすでに最適焼成温度で焼成されて
いる焼成体６をはさんで原料粉末９の成形体１３が積層
係合されて３Ｎ構造を有している（第１図（ｄ））。こ
れを原料粉末９の最適焼成温度で焼成することによって
３層の積層ブラシを製造する。なお、第１図（ｃ）にお
いて、原料粉末９と焼成体６を成形型内８に交互に入れ
る際、焼成体６、原料粉末９、焼成体６の順で入れるこ
とも可能である。この場合は、低い最適焼成温度を有す
る異種ブラシが３層の積層ブラシのなかで２層目（中間
層）を構成することになる。さらに２Ｎの積層ブラシ又
は４層以上の積層ブラシを製造する場合は原料粉末９と
焼成体６を成形型内８に適宜交互に入れる（その順序は
いずれが先であってもよい）ことによって製造できる。The pressed compact is taken out from the powder compacting die 2 and fired at the optimum firing temperature of the raw material powder to form a fired body 6 (FIG. 1(b)). Next, a raw material powder 9 having an optimum firing temperature different from and lower than the raw material powder 1 is put into the mold 8 of the compacting die 7, and the fired body 6 and the raw material powder 9 are placed on top of it in this order. These are then pressed with a predetermined pressure using the upper punch 10 and the lower punch 11. The size of the molding die 7 is preferably larger than the size of the fired body 6 so that the fired body 6 can be easily transported and inserted. In the case of mass production, the fired body 6 can be fed into the mold 8 by a conveying device such as a parts feeder (Fig. 1(c)), and the molded body 12 taken out from the compacting die 7 after pressing has already been The molded body 13 of the raw material powder 9 is stacked and engaged with the fired body 6, which has been fired at the optimum firing temperature, to form a 3N structure (FIG. 1(d)). By firing this at the optimum firing temperature of the raw material powder 9, a three-layer laminated brush is manufactured. In addition, in FIG. 1(c), when the raw material powder 9 and the fired body 6 are placed alternately in the mold 8, it is also possible to put the fired body 6, the raw material powder 9, and the fired body 6 in this order. In this case, a different type of brush having a lower optimum firing temperature constitutes the second layer (intermediate layer) of the three layered brushes. Furthermore, when manufacturing a 2N laminated brush or a laminated brush with 4 or more layers, the raw material powder 9 and the fired body 6 are placed alternately in the mold 8 (whichever order may come first). can.
第２図は、それぞれ最適焼成温度で焼成した異種ブラシ
を成形金型内に入れて積層係合させて積層ブラシを製造
する方法の説明図である。最適焼成温度が異なるそれぞ
れの異種ブラシの焼成体を作る方法は第１図（ａ）、（
ｂ）で述べたところと同じである。１４は成形金型、１
５は上ポンチ、１６は下ポンチ、１７は高い最適焼成温
度で焼成した焼成体、１８は低い最適焼成温度で焼成し
た焼成体である。焼成体１７．１日は積層境界面１９を
凹凸係合させるためにそれぞれ凹凸面を存している。上
、下ポンチ１５．１６で押圧すると焼成体１７．１８は
積層境界面１９において結合される。積層境界面１９に
おける焼成体１７．１８の結合は接合面の凹凸が上、下
ポンチの押圧力により凹凸嵌合し、くさび作用と摩擦と
の相互作用によって生ずるものである。この押圧力によ
って生した積層境界面１９における焼成体１７．１８の
積層係合力がなお不十分である場合は、再度、焼成体１
７．１８のいずれの最適焼成温度よりも低い温度で焼成
すれば隣接層間の物質拡散作用によりなお一層の積層係
合力を補強できる。本実施例は２Ｎの積層ブラシの製造
方法について述べたが、３Ｎ以上の積層ブラシを製造す
る場合にも適用できるものである。そして異種ブラシの
種類が２つの場合に限られず、３つ以上の異種ブラシを
積層する場合（この場合３つ以上の異なる最適焼成温度
が存在する。）においても適用できるものである。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing a laminated brush by placing different types of brushes fired at optimum firing temperatures into a mold and engaging them in a stacked manner. The method for making fired bodies of different types of brushes with different optimal firing temperatures is shown in Figure 1 (a) and (
This is the same as described in b). 14 is a molding die, 1
5 is an upper punch, 16 is a lower punch, 17 is a fired body fired at a high optimum firing temperature, and 18 is a fired body fired at a low optimum firing temperature. The fired bodies 17.1 each have a concave and convex surface in order to bring the laminated boundary surface 19 into concave and convex engagement. By pressing with the upper and lower punches 15,16, the fired bodies 17,18 are bonded at the laminated interface 19. The bonding of the fired bodies 17, 18 at the laminated boundary surface 19 is caused by the interaction between the wedge action and friction, in which the unevenness of the bonding surface fits together due to the pressing force of the upper and lower punches. If the laminate engagement force of the fired bodies 17 and 18 at the laminated boundary surface 19 generated by this pressing force is still insufficient, the fired body 17.
If the firing is performed at a temperature lower than any of the optimum firing temperatures in 7.18, the lamination engagement force can be further reinforced by the effect of material diffusion between adjacent layers. In this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a 2N laminated brush has been described, but it can also be applied to manufacturing a 3N or higher laminated brush. The invention is not limited to the case where there are two types of different types of brushes, but can also be applied when three or more different types of brushes are stacked (in this case, there are three or more different optimum firing temperatures).
本発明は上記のようにして多層ブラシを製造するもので
あるから、上記従来の製造方法の問題点が解消され、各
異種ブラシにそれぞれ最適な条件で焼成された積層ブラ
シを製造することができるので、積層ブラシの品質保証
が向上するとともに対摩耗性、整流性、接触抵抗性の各
特性の設計上の自由度が広がり極めて高品質の積層ブラ
シを製造することが可能となった。Since the present invention manufactures a multilayer brush as described above, the problems of the conventional manufacturing method described above are solved, and it is possible to manufacture a laminated brush fired under optimal conditions for each type of brush. Therefore, the quality assurance of the laminated brush is improved, and the degree of freedom in designing the characteristics of wear resistance, rectification, and contact resistance is increased, making it possible to manufacture extremely high-quality laminated brushes.
第１図（ａ）〜（ｄ）及び第２図は本発明の製造方法の
説明図、第３図（ａ）〜（ｅ）は従来の単層・積層ブラ
シの説明図である。
■、９は原料粉末、２．７は圧粉成形用ダイス、４．１
０．１５は上ポンチ、５．１１．１６は下ポンチ、６．
１７．１８は焼成体、１２は押圧後の成形体、１４は成
形金型。
（Ｃ１）
第
図
第
図
（ｂ）
（ｄ）
（Ｃ）
（ｅ）
（Ｃ）FIGS. 1(a)-(d) and FIG. 2 are explanatory diagrams of the manufacturing method of the present invention, and FIGS. 3(a)-(e) are explanatory diagrams of conventional single-layer and laminated brushes. ■, 9 is the raw material powder, 2.7 is the compacting die, 4.1
0.15 is the upper punch, 5.11.16 is the lower punch, 6.
17 and 18 are fired bodies, 12 are molded bodies after pressing, and 14 are molding molds. (C1) Figure (b) (d) (C) (e) (C)
Claims (2)
た２層以上の多層ブラシの製造方法において、高い最適
焼成温度を有する異種ブラシの原料粉末を所定の形状に
成形し、それを該高い最適焼成温度で焼成して焼成体と
した後、該焼成体と低い最適焼成温度を有する異種ブラ
シの原料粉末とを圧粉成形用ダイスの成形型内に入れて
押圧し、多層積層ブラシの成形体とし、該成形体を該低
い最適焼成温度で焼成することを特徴とする多層ブラシ
の製造方法。(1) In a method for manufacturing a multilayer brush of two or more layers in which two different types of brushes with different optimum firing temperatures are laminated, the raw material powder of the different types of brushes having a high optimum firing temperature is formed into a predetermined shape, and After firing at a firing temperature to form a fired body, the fired body and a raw material powder for a different kind of brush having a low optimum firing temperature are placed in a mold of a powder compacting die and pressed to produce a molded body of a multilayer laminated brush. and firing the molded body at the low optimum firing temperature.
た多層ブラシの製造方法において、それぞれの異種ブラ
シの原料粉末をそれぞれ所定の形状に成形し、それぞれ
の最適焼成温度で焼成してそれぞれを焼成体とした後、
成形金型内にそれぞれの焼成体を入れ、押圧して積層係
合させることを特徴とする多層ブラシの製造方法。(2) In a method for manufacturing a multilayer brush in which multiple brushes of different types with different optimum firing temperatures are laminated, the raw material powder of each different type of brush is formed into a predetermined shape, and each is fired at its optimum firing temperature. After making the body,
A method for manufacturing a multilayer brush, characterized by placing each fired body in a mold and pressing them to stack and engage them.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24715688A JPH0294381A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Manufacture of multi-layer brush |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24715688A JPH0294381A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Manufacture of multi-layer brush |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0294381A true JPH0294381A (en) | 1990-04-05 |
Family
ID=17159270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24715688A Pending JPH0294381A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1988-09-30 | Manufacture of multi-layer brush |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0294381A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003075417A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-12 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Method for production of a multi-layer carbon brush |
| US6898839B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2005-05-31 | Denso Corporation | Multi-layered brush of rotary electric machine and method of manufacturing the same |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5612240A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-06 | Tamura Electric Works Ltd | Automatic paper feeder |
| JPS5951118A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-03-24 | クラウザ−・クラフトフア−ルソ−グ・ツ−ベヘ−エ・フエルトリブス・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユランクタ−・ハフトウンク | Controller for two or four valve of four cycle engine |
-
1988
- 1988-09-30 JP JP24715688A patent/JPH0294381A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5612240A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-06 | Tamura Electric Works Ltd | Automatic paper feeder |
| JPS5951118A (en) * | 1982-09-15 | 1984-03-24 | クラウザ−・クラフトフア−ルソ−グ・ツ−ベヘ−エ・フエルトリブス・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユランクタ−・ハフトウンク | Controller for two or four valve of four cycle engine |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6898839B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2005-05-31 | Denso Corporation | Multi-layered brush of rotary electric machine and method of manufacturing the same |
| WO2003075417A1 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-12 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Method for production of a multi-layer carbon brush |
| US7308759B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2007-12-18 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Method for production of a multi-layer carbon brush |
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