JPH0259986B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0259986B2 JPH0259986B2 JP58112219A JP11221983A JPH0259986B2 JP H0259986 B2 JPH0259986 B2 JP H0259986B2 JP 58112219 A JP58112219 A JP 58112219A JP 11221983 A JP11221983 A JP 11221983A JP H0259986 B2 JPH0259986 B2 JP H0259986B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- molecular weight
- weight
- component
- fixing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical group CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090961 chromium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Cr+4] IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]=O AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002712 malachite green oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L water blue Chemical compound CC1=CC(/C(\C(C=C2)=CC=C2NC(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(\C=C2)/C=C/C\2=N\C(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1N.[Na+].[Na+] XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、電子写真、静電記録等に於ける電気
的潜像を現像するトナーに関する。特に、加熱に
より被記録体上に定着をするのに好適なトナーに
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a toner for developing electrical latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, and the like. In particular, the present invention relates to a toner suitable for fixing onto a recording medium by heating.
（従来技術）
電気的潜像の形成法は従来周知であり、例えば
電子写真法においては、通常光導電層を帯電させ
た後、原図に基いた光像を照射し、光照射部分の
静電荷を減少又は消滅せて静電潜像を形成する。
次いでこの潜像は、トナーと呼ばれる現像剤で現
像される。(Prior art) The method of forming an electrical latent image is well known in the art. For example, in electrophotography, a photoconductive layer is usually charged and then a light image based on the original image is irradiated to reduce the electrostatic charge in the light-irradiated area. is reduced or eliminated to form an electrostatic latent image.
This latent image is then developed with a developer called toner.
現像されたトナー像は必要に応じ紙等に転写さ
れた後、定着される。定着方法としては加熱で定
着する方法、圧力で定着する方法、溶媒で定着す
る方法、それらを組み合わせた方法等、種々の方
法が知られているが、その中で加熱ローラ定着器
による定着が一般的である。 The developed toner image is transferred to paper or the like, if necessary, and then fixed. Various fixing methods are known, such as heating fixing, pressure fixing, solvent fixing, and combinations of these methods, but among these, fixing using a heated roller fixing device is the most common. It is true.
種々の定着法に対して、同一のトナーを共通に
使用するのは一般に困難であり、それぞれの定着
法に適した特性を有するトナーを使用するのが普
通である。 It is generally difficult to commonly use the same toner for various fixing methods, and it is common to use toners having characteristics suitable for each fixing method.
加熱ローラ定着器用のトナーに要請される特性
は、加熱温度で充分定着すること、加熱ローラに
溶融トナーの一部が付着するいわゆるオフセツト
現象を生じないこと、および貯蔵中あるいは現像
器内において凝集固結しないことであり、そのた
めのトナー設計法としては、結着樹脂を、主とし
て低分子量成分と高分子量成分から構成するとい
う方法がよくとられる。すなわち低分子量成分で
充分な定着レベルを保証し、高分子量成分でオフ
セツト現象を防止しようとするものである。この
場合当然のことながら、凝集固結を防止するため
に、両成分ともガラス転移点の低すぎるものは良
くない。 The characteristics required of toner for heating roller fixing devices are that it fixes satisfactorily at heating temperatures, that it does not cause the so-called offset phenomenon in which a portion of the molten toner adheres to the heating roller, and that it does not agglomerate during storage or in the developing device. As a toner design method for this purpose, a method is often used in which the binder resin is mainly composed of a low molecular weight component and a high molecular weight component. That is, the low molecular weight component is used to ensure a sufficient fixing level, and the high molecular weight component is used to prevent the offset phenomenon. In this case, as a matter of course, in order to prevent agglomeration and solidification, it is undesirable for both components to have too low a glass transition point.
例えば、特開昭50−134652号公報にはスチレン
−アクリル系の低分子量重合体と高分子量重合体
を混合したトナーが開示されている。 For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 134652/1983 discloses a toner in which a styrene-acrylic low molecular weight polymer and a high molecular weight polymer are mixed.
さらに特開昭56−158340号公報においては、低
分子量成分と高分子量成分の種類（又は組成）、
ガラス転移点、さらには分子量、分子量分布を規
制するという方法が開示されている。 Furthermore, in JP-A-56-158340, the types (or compositions) of low molecular weight components and high molecular weight components,
A method of controlling the glass transition point, molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution has been disclosed.
しかしながら、これらの方法により加熱温度で
充分な定着を得ることおよびオフセツト現象を防
止することの両者を同時に満足するのは、未だ困
難である。 However, it is still difficult to simultaneously obtain sufficient fixing at a heating temperature and prevent the offset phenomenon using these methods.
特に加熱ローラの消費エネルギーを少く、予熱
時間を短く、さらに加熱ローラの耐用時間を長く
するために、できるだけ低温でトナーを定着させ
ようとした場合、これらの方法で低温定着と耐オ
フセツト性を両立させるのは困難である。 In particular, when trying to fix toner at as low a temperature as possible in order to reduce the energy consumption of the heating roller, shorten the preheating time, and extend the service life of the heating roller, these methods can achieve both low-temperature fixing and offset resistance. It is difficult to do so.
さらに、磁性粉を高濃度で含有するトナーで
は、カーボンブラツク等の充填剤のみを含有する
トナーと比較し、低温での定着が困難でかつ、オ
フセツト現象をおこし易いという傾向を有する。
したがつて、このような傾向を有する磁性粉含有
トナーにおいて、低温での充分な定着レベルを保
証し、かつオフセツト現象を防止することが、上
記方法では不充分であることはいうまでもない。
ちなみに、磁性粉含有トナーにおいて低温での定
着が困難である理由は、トナー粒子内部で磁性粉
が形成する構造によりトナーの溶融粘度が著しく
上昇するためであると考えられる。充填剤を高濃
度で含有する高分子溶融体あるいは溶液の粘度が
著しく向上することは一般によく知られているこ
とである。また、磁性粉含有トナーでオフセツト
現象がおこり易いのは、磁性粉の粒径がカーボン
ブラツク等に比べてはるかに大きいために、トナ
ー粒子内で磁性粉間の距離が長く、また磁性粉の
表面が一般に親水性で樹脂とのぬれが良くない等
の原因により、溶融トナーの凝集力がトナー粒子
の内部の各部分で充分に作用しないためであろう
と考えられている。溶融トナーの凝集力を増すた
めに、高分子量成分をより多量に含有させると、
低温における定着はほとんど不可能なものとな
る。加熱温度の充分な定着と、耐オフセツト性を
両立させるために低分子量成分と高分子量成分を
併用するのは以下のような理由による。 Furthermore, toners containing magnetic powder at high concentrations tend to be more difficult to fix at low temperatures and more likely to cause offset phenomena than toners containing only fillers such as carbon black.
Therefore, it goes without saying that the above-mentioned method is insufficient to ensure a sufficient level of fixation at low temperatures and to prevent the offset phenomenon in toners containing magnetic powder that have such a tendency.
Incidentally, the reason why it is difficult to fix toners containing magnetic powder at low temperatures is thought to be because the structure formed by the magnetic powder inside the toner particles significantly increases the melt viscosity of the toner. It is generally well known that the viscosity of polymer melts or solutions containing high concentrations of fillers is significantly increased. In addition, the offset phenomenon is likely to occur with toner containing magnetic powder because the particle size of the magnetic powder is much larger than that of carbon black, etc., and the distance between the magnetic particles within the toner particle is long, and the surface of the magnetic powder It is thought that this is because the cohesive force of the molten toner does not act sufficiently in each part inside the toner particles due to reasons such as the fact that the toner particles are generally hydrophilic and do not wet well with the resin. In order to increase the cohesive force of the molten toner, if a larger amount of high molecular weight components is contained,
Fixation at low temperatures becomes almost impossible. The reason why a low molecular weight component and a high molecular weight component are used together in order to achieve both sufficient fixing at heating temperature and offset resistance is as follows.
トナーが定着するためには、加熱ローラより与
えられる熱でトナーが軟化し、加熱ローラにより
加えられる圧力によつてトナーが流動し、トナー
粒子同志あるいはトナーと紙との間に充分な接触
が行われる必要がある。このため、トナーは低い
温度で軟化しかつ粘度の低いものでなければなら
ず、したがつて、トナーを構成する結着樹脂の分
子量は低いものであることが望ましい。 In order for the toner to fix, the toner must be softened by the heat applied by the heating roller, the toner must be fluidized by the pressure applied by the heating roller, and sufficient contact must be made between the toner particles or between the toner and the paper. need to be taught. For this reason, the toner must be soft at low temperatures and have a low viscosity, and therefore it is desirable that the binder resin constituting the toner has a low molecular weight.
一方、オフセツト現象をおこさないためには、
加熱ローラとトナー間のぬれが悪いことが必要で
あることはもちろん、トナーが紙に付着する部分
と加熱ローラに付着する部分とに分離されること
がないように、溶融トナー同志間に強い凝集力が
働くことが必要である。この凝集力を得るには、
結着樹脂分子相互のいわゆる“からみあい”を利
用するのが良く、そのためには分子量の高い結着
樹脂を使用することが望ましい。 On the other hand, in order to prevent the offset phenomenon from occurring,
Not only is it necessary to have poor wetting between the heating roller and the toner, but also strong cohesion between the molten toner so that the toner is not separated into the part that adheres to the paper and the part that adheres to the heating roller. It is necessary for force to work. To obtain this cohesive force,
It is best to utilize so-called "entanglement" between binder resin molecules, and for this purpose it is desirable to use a binder resin with a high molecular weight.
低温で充分定着されるためには結着樹脂の分子
量が低いほうが良いという要請と、オフセツト現
象を起さないためには分子量が高いほうが良いと
いう一見相反する要請とは、結着樹脂を低分子量
成分と高分子量成分両方から構成することにより
同時に満すことが可能であると考えられる。 The seemingly contradictory requirement that the molecular weight of the binder resin should be low in order to achieve sufficient fixation at low temperatures, and that it is better to have a high molecular weight in order to prevent the offset phenomenon, is that the binder resin should have a low molecular weight. It is thought that it is possible to satisfy the requirements at the same time by composing both the component and the high-molecular weight component.
その際できるだけ低温で定着するためには低分
子量成分の分子量はできるだけ低いものであるこ
とが望ましい。しかしあまり低くなりすぎると、
トナーの貯蔵中や現像機内での固化が生じやすく
なる。一方、できるだけ高温までオフセツト現象
が起らないようにするためには、高分子量成分の
分子量をできるだけ高くすることが望ましい。磁
性粉を高濃度で含有するトナーなどの場合は特に
こういう配慮をしないことには、実用的な定着の
ラチチユード（オフセツトを生じない最高の温度
と、充分な定着度を得る最低の温度の差）を得る
のは困難である。 At this time, in order to fix at as low a temperature as possible, it is desirable that the molecular weight of the low molecular weight component is as low as possible. But if it gets too low,
Toner is more likely to solidify during storage or in the developing machine. On the other hand, in order to prevent the offset phenomenon from occurring up to as high a temperature as possible, it is desirable to make the molecular weight of the high molecular weight component as high as possible. In the case of toner containing a high concentration of magnetic powder, if such consideration is not given, the practical fusing latitude (difference between the highest temperature that does not cause offset and the lowest temperature that achieves a sufficient degree of fixing) is important. is difficult to obtain.
しかしながら、低分子量成分の分子量をできる
だけ低くし、高分子量成分の分子量をできるだけ
高くするというこの方法をおし進めると、定着の
ラチチユードはある限度以上広がらないばかり
か、かえつて悪化する場合がある。また、画像の
荒れや、画質の経時劣化を生じる等、新たな問題
が発生することとなる。 However, if this method of reducing the molecular weight of the low molecular weight component as low as possible and increasing the molecular weight of the high molecular weight component as high as possible is pushed forward, the fixing latitude will not only not expand beyond a certain limit, but may even worsen. In addition, new problems arise, such as rough images and deterioration of image quality over time.
すなわち、低分子量成分と高分子量成分の溶融
粘度の差が非常に大きい場合には、溶融混練等の
手段によりトナーを調整する際、低分子量成分と
高分子量成分が均一な分散をすることができず、
かつ粗い分散状態を示すこととなる。このような
場合、低分子量成分に富むトナー粒子と高分子量
成分に富むトナー粒子が形成され、低分子量成分
に富むトナー粒子はオフセツト現象をおこし易
く、一方高分子量成分に富むトナー粒子は定着度
に悪影響をおよぼすこととなる。 In other words, if the difference in melt viscosity between the low molecular weight component and the high molecular weight component is very large, the low molecular weight component and the high molecular weight component may not be uniformly dispersed when preparing the toner by means such as melt kneading. figure,
Moreover, it shows a coarse dispersion state. In such a case, toner particles rich in low molecular weight components and toner particles rich in high molecular weight components are formed, and toner particles rich in low molecular weight components tend to cause an offset phenomenon, while toner particles rich in high molecular weight components have a low fixation level. This will have a negative impact.
また、このように低分子量成分と高分子量成分
が均一に分散していない場合には、トナーに含ま
れる着色剤、帯電制御剤、磁性粉その他の添加剤
の分散も均一にはならず、相剩的にオフセツト現
象を起し易くかつ定着をしにくくするばかりでは
なく、現像転写時に画質の荒れを生じさせたり、
選択現像により画質の経時変化をおこしたりす
る。 Additionally, if the low molecular weight components and high molecular weight components are not uniformly dispersed, the colorant, charge control agent, magnetic powder, and other additives contained in the toner will not be uniformly dispersed, and they will not be compatible with each other. Not only does it easily cause the offset phenomenon and make it difficult to fix, but it also causes roughness in image quality during development and transfer.
Selective development may cause changes in image quality over time.
さらに、粉砕によりトナーを調製する際、粉砕
トナーの粒度分布が広いものとなり、分級等の操
作によつて望みの粒度を得る際収率の悪いものと
なつてしまう。また、このような点に鑑みて特開
昭58−82258号公報にはトナー粒子の結着樹脂成
分を低分子量成分と高分子量成分とその中間的な
分子量成分の３成分からなる結着樹脂を用いて、
比較的広い定着のラチチユードを得ることが記載
されているが、これらの成分は、本来分子量分布
が大きく異なつているため樹脂同士の相溶性が悪
く、各分子量成分が個々に作用するため、低分子
量成分に基づくオフセツト現象や、高分子量成分
に基づく定着温度の上昇が生じやすく、定着ウイ
ンドウは十分に広いとはいえなかつた。 Furthermore, when toner is prepared by pulverization, the pulverized toner has a wide particle size distribution, resulting in a poor yield when obtaining a desired particle size through operations such as classification. In addition, in view of these points, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1982-82258 discloses that the binder resin component of toner particles is composed of three components: a low molecular weight component, a high molecular weight component, and an intermediate molecular weight component. make use of,
Although it is described that a relatively wide fixing latitude can be obtained, these components originally have widely different molecular weight distributions, so the resins have poor compatibility with each other, and each molecular weight component acts individually. An offset phenomenon due to the components and an increase in the fixing temperature due to the high molecular weight components tend to occur, and the fixing window cannot be said to be sufficiently wide.
（発明の目的）
したがつて本発明の目的は、加熱温度で充分に
定着をし、オフセツト現象をおこさずかつ貯蔵中
や現像器内で凝集固結を生じない、加熱ローラ定
着用トナーを提供することである。特に、低温で
定着する加熱ローラ定着用トナーを提供すること
である。(Object of the Invention) Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a toner for fixing on a heated roller, which is sufficiently fixed at heating temperature, does not cause an offset phenomenon, and does not cause agglomeration and solidification during storage or in a developing device. It is to be. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heated roller fixing toner that fixes at low temperatures.
さらに、本発明の目的は、加熱温度で充分な定
着をし、オフセツト現象をおこさず、かつ貯蔵中
や現像器内で凝集固結を生じない加熱ローラ定着
用磁性トナーを提供することである。特に、低温
で定着する加熱ローラ定着用磁性トナーを提供す
ることである。 A further object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic toner for fixing with a heating roller that is sufficiently fixed at heating temperatures, does not cause an offset phenomenon, and does not cause agglomeration and solidification during storage or in a developing device. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetic toner for heating roller fixation that fixes at low temperatures.
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、高品位の画質を
与えるトナーを提供することである。 Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a toner that provides high quality images.
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、経時変化をしな
い高品位の画質を与えるトナーを提供することで
ある。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide a toner that provides high quality images that do not deteriorate over time.
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、製造時の収率の
良いトナーを提供することである。さらに、本発
明の他の目的は、加熱ロール定着法においてより
広い定着ウインドウを提供することを目的とす
る。 Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a toner with good manufacturing yield. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a wider fusing window in heated roll fusing methods.
（発明の構成）
本発明の目的は、主として結着樹脂と添加剤か
らなるトナー組成物において、該結着樹脂が
Ａ 重量平均分子量が50万以上のスチレン−ジエ
ン系共重合体もしくはスチレン−（メタ）アク
リル酸低級アルキルエステル系共重合体10〜60
重量％
Ｂ 重量平均分子量２万〜20万のスチレン重合体
もしくはスチレン−（メタ）アクリル酸低級ア
ルキルエステル系共重合体５〜60重量％
Ｃ 重量平均分子量1000〜２万のポリエチレンワ
ツクスもしくはポリプロピレンワツクス10〜85
重量％
からなり、前記Ｂ成分と前記Ｃ成分とがグラフト
重合してなることを特徴とするトナー組成物によ
り達成される。(Structure of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a toner composition mainly consisting of a binder resin and an additive, in which the binder resin is A. A styrene-diene copolymer or styrene-( meth)acrylic acid lower alkyl ester copolymer 10-60
Weight% B Styrene polymer or styrene-(meth)acrylic acid lower alkyl ester copolymer 5 to 60% by weight with a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 200,000 C Polyethylene wax or polypropylene wax with a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 20,000 Tukus 10~85
% by weight, and is achieved by a toner composition characterized in that the B component and the C component are graft-polymerized.
特に、Ａ成分が架橋ポリマーである場合良好な
結果を得ることができる。 Particularly good results can be obtained when component A is a crosslinked polymer.
上記トナーにより、本発明の目的がことごとく
達成される理由は以下の通りであると考えられ
る。 The reason why all the objects of the present invention are achieved by the above toner is considered to be as follows.
Ａ成分によりオフセツト現象が防止され、Ｃ成
分により低温での定着が保証される。Ａ成分とＣ
成分にはその溶融粘度に大きな差があるが、中間
の溶融粘度のＢ成分を同時に含有することによ
り、溶融混練等によるトナー調製の際に均一でか
つ微細な分散構造をとることができる。これによ
り、本発明の目的が達成されるわけである。 Component A prevents the offset phenomenon, and component C ensures fixing at low temperatures. A component and C
Although there are large differences in melt viscosity among the components, by simultaneously containing component B having an intermediate melt viscosity, a uniform and finely dispersed structure can be obtained during toner preparation by melt-kneading or the like. This achieves the object of the invention.
Ａ成分の分子量は50万以上、より好ましくは
100万以上が望まれる。50万以下の場合は、オフ
セツト現象の防止は充分ではない。Ｂ成分の分子
量は２万〜20万、好ましくは２万〜10万が望まれ
る。２万以下の場合も、20万以上の場合も、Ａ成
分とＣ成分の分散状態を均一にはできなくなる。
Ｃ成分の分子量は1000〜２万、好ましくは2000〜
２万が望まれる。1000以下の場合にはＡ成分との
分散が均一ではなくなり、２万以上の場合には低
温での定着が達成され難い。 The molecular weight of component A is 500,000 or more, more preferably
1 million or more is desired. If it is less than 500,000, the prevention of the offset phenomenon is not sufficient. The molecular weight of component B is preferably 20,000 to 200,000, preferably 20,000 to 100,000. Whether it is less than 20,000 or more than 200,000, the A component and C component cannot be uniformly dispersed.
The molecular weight of component C is 1,000 to 20,000, preferably 2,000 to 20,000.
20,000 is desired. If it is less than 1,000, the dispersion with component A will not be uniform, and if it is more than 20,000, it will be difficult to achieve fixing at low temperatures.
結着樹脂中のＡ成分の含有量は10〜60重量％が
望ましく、より好ましくは20〜50重量％である。
10重量％以下の場合にはオフセツト現象の防止が
完全ではなく、一方60重量％以上の場合には低温
で充分な定着度を得ることが困難となる。Ｂ成分
は５〜60重量％より好ましくは10〜40重量％が望
ましい。５重量％以下の場合には樹脂の分散が不
均一なものとなり、60重量％以上の場合にはＡ成
分及び／又はＣ成分がそれだけ少なくなるため、
オフセツト現象の防止と低温での定着という２つ
の要請の両立が困難となる。 The content of component A in the binder resin is preferably 10 to 60% by weight, more preferably 20 to 50% by weight.
If the amount is less than 10% by weight, the offset phenomenon cannot be completely prevented, while if it is more than 60% by weight, it becomes difficult to obtain a sufficient degree of fixation at low temperatures. The content of component B is preferably 5 to 60% by weight, more preferably 10 to 40% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, the resin will not be dispersed uniformly, and if it is more than 60% by weight, the amount of component A and/or component C will decrease accordingly.
It becomes difficult to satisfy the two requirements of preventing offset phenomenon and fixing at low temperature.
Ｃ成分は10〜85重量％、好ましくは10〜60重量
％が望ましい。10重量％以下の場合には低温での
定着が困難となり、85重量％以上の場合にはオフ
セツト現象の防止が困難となる。 The content of component C is preferably 10 to 85% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight. If it is less than 10% by weight, it will be difficult to fix at low temperatures, and if it is more than 85% by weight, it will be difficult to prevent the offset phenomenon.
Ｂ成分とＣ成分とがグラフト構造をとつている
ため、成分間の相容性を増すという本発明のねら
いが充分達成される一方、幹成分と枝成分が各々
ある程度独立に働くことにより、それぞれに与え
られた機能を充分にはたすことができる。 Since component B and component C have a graft structure, the aim of the present invention, which is to increase the compatibility between the components, is fully achieved. be able to fully fulfill the functions assigned to it.
すなわち、本発明では、Ｂ成分とＣ成分とがグ
ラフトすることにより、分子量分布の大きく異な
る互いの成分の相溶性が向上し、より均一な組成
のトナー粒子を得ることができる。また、相溶性
の大きく異なる材料が使用できるので材料の選択
の幅が広がる。その結果、各成分が各々個別に作
用することが少なくなり、より低い定着温度と、
より高いオフセツト発生温度を得ること、すなわ
ち、より広い定着温度ウインドウを得ることが可
能となる。また、組成が均一化されることによ
り、トナー粒子の帯電性向上等、他の効果も認め
られる。グラフト結合部分を全く含まない場合に
は、トナー粒子中で各成分の組成が不均一となつ
て、各分子量成分が個々に作用するので高分子量
成分にもとづくオフセツト現象や高分子量成分に
もとづく定着温度の上昇が生じやすく十分な広さ
の定着ウインドウとはならない。 That is, in the present invention, by grafting component B and component C, the compatibility of the components having largely different molecular weight distributions with each other is improved, and toner particles having a more uniform composition can be obtained. Furthermore, since materials with significantly different compatibility can be used, the range of material selection is widened. As a result, each component acts less individually, resulting in lower fixing temperatures and
It becomes possible to obtain a higher offset generation temperature, that is, a wider fixing temperature window. Furthermore, by making the composition uniform, other effects such as improved charging properties of toner particles are also observed. If the toner particle does not contain any graft bonding parts, the composition of each component in the toner particle will be non-uniform, and each molecular weight component will act individually, resulting in an offset phenomenon due to the high molecular weight component and a change in fixing temperature due to the high molecular weight component. tends to rise, and the fixing window is not sufficiently wide.
結着樹脂はＡ，Ｂ，C3つの成分のみで構成さ
れる必要はなく、適宜他の樹脂、たとえば分子量
20万〜50万の樹脂を含むことができる。しかし、
Ａ，Ｂ，C3つの成分が50重量％以上含まれてい
る必要がある。 The binder resin does not need to be composed of only the three components A, B, and C, and may contain other resins as appropriate, such as molecular weight
It can contain 200,000 to 500,000 resins. but,
The three components A, B, and C must be contained at least 50% by weight.
また、耐オフセツト性をさらに増すために、低
分子量のポリオレフイン、脂肪酸金属塩、脂肪酸
エステル、脂肪酸部分ケン化エステル、高級脂肪
酸、高級アルコール、パラフインワツクス、多価
アルコールエステル、脂肪酸アミド等の潤滑剤を
含んでいてもよい。 In addition, to further increase offset resistance, lubricants such as low molecular weight polyolefins, fatty acid metal salts, fatty acid esters, partially saponified fatty acid esters, higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, paraffin wax, polyhydric alcohol esters, fatty acid amides, etc. May contain.
本発明のトナーは結着樹脂中に、任意の適当な
顔料または染料を含有させることができる。例え
ば、カーボンブラツク、ニグロシン染料、アニリ
ンブルー、カルコオイルブルー、クロムイエロ
ー、ウルトラマリンブルー、デユポンオイルレツ
ド、オリエントオイルレツド、キノンイエロー、
メチレンブルークロライド、フタロシアニンブル
ー、マラカイトグリーンオギザレート、ランプブ
ラツク、ローズベンガル等を単独あるいは混合し
て用いることができる。また、一成分現像用磁性
トナーとすべく四三酸化鉄粉、三二酸化鉄粉、コ
バルト−γ−三二酸化鉄粉、二酸化クロム粉、鉄
粉、クロム粉、ニツケル粉等の磁性粉を含有させ
ることができる。この場合トナー中に磁性粉が30
〜70重量パーセント含有されるとき、本発明は特
に有効である。 The toner of the present invention can contain any suitable pigment or dye in the binder resin. For example, carbon black, nigrosine dye, aniline blue, calco oil blue, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, DuPont oil red, orient oil red, quinone yellow,
Methylene blue chloride, phthalocyanine blue, malachite green oxalate, lamp black, rose bengal, etc. can be used alone or in combination. In addition, magnetic powders such as triiron tetroxide powder, iron sesquioxide powder, cobalt-γ-iron sesquioxide powder, chromium dioxide powder, iron powder, chromium powder, nickel powder, etc. are included to make a magnetic toner for one-component development. be able to. In this case, there are 30 magnetic powders in the toner.
The present invention is particularly effective when the content is 70 weight percent.
本発明のトナーにはトナーの流動性向上あるい
は現像クリーニング性向上等を目的として、外部
添加剤を添加してもよい。外部添加剤としては、
例えばステアリン酸等の長鎖脂肪酸及びそのエス
テル、アミド、金属塩、更には二硫化モリブデ
ン、カーボンブラツク、グラフアイト、フツ化黒
鉛、炭化ケイ素、窒化ホウ素、シリカ、酸化アル
ミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛等の微粉末、
フツ素系等樹脂微粉末、多環芳香族化合物、その
他ワツクス状物質、架橋又は非架橋樹脂微粉末等
が知られている。これら外部添加剤は必要に応
じ、熱風等によりトナー粒子表面に固着されても
よい。 External additives may be added to the toner of the present invention for the purpose of improving the fluidity of the toner or improving the development and cleaning properties. As an external additive,
For example, long chain fatty acids such as stearic acid and their esters, amides, metal salts, molybdenum disulfide, carbon black, graphite, graphite fluoride, silicon carbide, boron nitride, silica, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc. fine powder,
Fine resin powders such as fluorine-based resins, polycyclic aromatic compounds, other wax-like substances, crosslinked or non-crosslinked resin fine powders, etc. are known. These external additives may be fixed to the toner particle surface by hot air or the like, if necessary.
本発明のトナーは、電気的潜像を現像すること
を主たる目的とするものであるが、磁性トナーと
して使用する場合は磁気潜像の現像にも用いるこ
とができる。 The toner of the present invention is primarily intended for developing electrical latent images, but when used as a magnetic toner, it can also be used for developing magnetic latent images.
（実施例）
以下に本発明の実施例の一部を述べるが、本発
明がこの実施例に限定されるものでないことは言
うまでもない。(Examples) Some examples of the present invention will be described below, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples.
（比較例 １）
Γ ポリスチレン 30重量部
（数平均分子量4000、重量平均分子量
8600、ガラス転移温度65℃）
Γ スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル共重合体
20重量部
（スチレン65重量部、アクリル酸ブチル35
重量部、ジビニルベンゼン0.5重量部からな
る架橋ポリマー。正確な分子量は測定できな
いが、重量平均分子量は50万以上である。）
Γ ポリエチレンワツクス 0.5重量部
Γ マグネタイト粉末（粒径約0.4μ、立方体状）
50重量部
をバンバリー型ミキサーにて混練後、ジエツト式
粉砕機にて粉砕、その後平均粒径15μ、5μ以下の
微粉量が５重量パーセント以下になるように風力
分級を行い、さらにトナー100重量部に対し、0.4
重量部のカーボンブラツクと0.2重量部のコロイ
ダルシリカを乾式ブレンドしてトナーを調製し
た。(Comparative Example 1) Γ Polystyrene 30 parts by weight (number average molecular weight 4000, weight average molecular weight
8600, glass transition temperature 65℃) Γ Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer
20 parts by weight (65 parts by weight of styrene, 35 parts by weight of butyl acrylate)
parts by weight, and 0.5 parts by weight of divinylbenzene. Although the exact molecular weight cannot be measured, the weight average molecular weight is over 500,000. ) Γ Polyethylene wax 0.5 parts by weightΓ Magnetite powder (particle size approx. 0.4μ, cubic shape)
After kneading 50 parts by weight in a Banbury type mixer, pulverizing in a jet-type pulverizer, air classification was performed so that the average particle size was 15μ, and the amount of fine powder with a particle size of 5μ or less was 5% by weight or less, and then 100 parts by weight of toner was mixed. against 0.4
A toner was prepared by dry blending parts by weight of carbon black and 0.2 parts by weight of colloidal silica.
分級の収率は50％であつた。 The classification yield was 50%.
富士ゼロツクス(株)FX−2830に一成分現像機を
組み込み、このトナーを用いコピーをとり評価し
た。充分な定着度を示す最低の加熱ローラ設定温
度は160℃であり、210℃で軽いオフセツト現象を
示した。このトナーの定着ウインドウは約50℃で
あつた。また、コピーの画質は初期に多少の荒れ
が見られ、1000コピー程度で画像濃度の低下およ
び画質のさらなる低下が目立ちはじめた。 A one-component developing machine was installed in Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.'s FX-2830, and copies were made using this toner for evaluation. The lowest setting temperature of the heating roller that showed a sufficient degree of fixing was 160°C, and a slight offset phenomenon was observed at 210°C. The fixing window for this toner was approximately 50°C. In addition, the image quality of copies showed some roughness in the early stages, and after about 1000 copies, a decrease in image density and further deterioration in image quality began to become noticeable.
トナー粒子間での組成のバラツキを調べるため
に、このトナーを分級し12μ以下の微粒部分と
12μ以上の粗粒部分にわけ、その特性の差を調べ
た。まず、トナーを燃焼させその残量を測定する
ことにより磁性粉量を測定したところ、微粒側が
トナー中48重量％であつたのに対し、粗粒側は52
重量％であつた。さらに粘度を測定したところ、
温度110℃、せん断速度1sec-1において、微粒側
は８×105ポアズであつたのに対し、粗粒側は３
×106ポアズであつた。この粘度の差は磁性粉の
含有量の差以上のものと考えられ、粗粉側に高分
子量成分が多いものと見られる。 In order to investigate the variation in composition between toner particles, this toner was classified to find fine particles of 12μ or less.
We divided the particles into coarse grains of 12μ or more and investigated the differences in their properties. First, we measured the amount of magnetic powder by burning the toner and measuring the remaining amount, and found that the fine particles accounted for 48% by weight of the toner, while the coarse particles accounted for 52% by weight.
It was in weight%. Furthermore, when we measured the viscosity, we found that
At a temperature of 110°C and a shear rate of 1 sec -1 , the fine grain side had 8 × 10 5 poise, while the coarse grain side had 3 poise.
×10 It was 6 poise. This difference in viscosity is thought to be more than the difference in the content of magnetic powder, and it appears that there are more high molecular weight components on the coarse powder side.
（比較例 ２）
トナーの組成を
Γ スチレン−ｎブチルメタクリレート共重合体
10重量部
（スチレン60重量部対ｎ−ブチルメタクリ
レート40重量部、数平均分子量約21500、重
量平均分子量約50700、ガラス転移温度57℃）
Γ ポリスチレン（比較例１で使用したものと同
じもの） 24重量部
Γ スチレン−アクリル酸ブチル共重合体（比較
例１で使用したものと同じもの） 16重量部
Γ ポリエチレンワツクス（比較例１で使用した
ものと同じもの） 0.5重量部
Γ マグネタイト粉末（比較例１で使用したもの
と同じもの） 50重量部
とするほかは、比較例１と同様にしてトナーを調
製し、評価した。(Comparative Example 2) The composition of the toner was Γ styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer.
10 parts by weight (60 parts by weight of styrene to 40 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate, number average molecular weight approximately 21500, weight average molecular weight approximately 50700, glass transition temperature 57°C) Γ Polystyrene (same as that used in Comparative Example 1) 24 Part by weight Γ Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer (same as used in Comparative Example 1) 16 parts by weight Γ Polyethylene wax (same as used in Comparative Example 1) 0.5 part by weight Γ Magnetite powder (comparison) A toner was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the amount (same as that used in Example 1) was 50 parts by weight.
分級収率は85％であつた。 The classification yield was 85%.
充分な定着度を示す加熱ローラ設定温度は155
℃であり、220℃に至つてもオフセツト現象はお
こらなかつた。このトナーの定着ウインドウは約
65℃であり、比較例１のトナーよりも約15℃の向
上が見られた。また、コピーの画質は高品位で
10000枚コピーで画質の変化はなかつた。 The heating roller setting temperature that shows a sufficient degree of fixing is 155
℃, and no offset phenomenon occurred even when the temperature reached 220℃. The fusing window for this toner is approximately
The temperature was 65°C, which was about 15°C higher than the toner of Comparative Example 1. In addition, the image quality of the copy is high quality.
There was no change in image quality after 10,000 copies.
微粒側と粗粒側に分級した後の微粒側の磁性粉
含有量は50重量％であり粘度は２×106ポアズで
あつた。粗粒側の磁性粉含有量と粘度はそれぞ
れ、微粒側と同じく50重量％、２×106ポアズで
あつた。したがつて、トナー粒子間で組成の不均
一な分布はないものと思われる。 After classification into fine grains and coarse grains, the magnetic powder content on the fine grain side was 50% by weight and the viscosity was 2×10 6 poise. The magnetic powder content and viscosity of the coarse grain side were respectively 50% by weight and 2×10 6 poise, the same as those of the fine grain side. Therefore, it seems that there is no non-uniform distribution of composition among the toner particles.
（実施例 １）
トナーの組成を、
Γ スチレン−アクリル（80：20）／ポリプロプ
レングラフト共重合体（重量平均分子量13000の
ポリプロピレン幹ポリマーに、スチレン−アクリ
ル（80：20）を重量平均分子量65000の枝ポリマ
ーとなるようにグラフト共重合したもの）
30重量部
Γ スチレン−ブタジエン架橋重合体
（重量平均分子量50万以上） 20重量部
Γ マグネタイト粉末 50重量部
とするほかは、比較例１と同様にしてトナーを調
製し、評価した。(Example 1) The composition of the toner was as follows: Γ Styrene-acrylic (80:20)/polypropylene graft copolymer (polypropylene backbone polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 13,000, styrene-acrylic (80:20) with a weight average molecular weight of 65,000) (graft copolymerized to form a branch polymer)
30 parts by weight Γ Styrene-butadiene crosslinked polymer (weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more) 20 parts by weight Γ Magnetite powder A toner was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the amount was 50 parts by weight.
分級収率は80％であつた。 The classification yield was 80%.
充分な定着度を示す加熱ローラ設定温度は160
℃であり、240℃に至つてもオフセツト現象が起
こらなかつた。このトナーの定着ウインドウは約
80℃以上であり、比較例１のトナーよりも約30℃
以上の向上が見られ、比較例２のトナーに対して
も約15℃以上の向上が見られ、大幅に定着ウイン
ドウが拡大された。また、コピーの画質は高品位
で、10000枚コピーで画質の変化はなかつた。 The heating roller setting temperature is 160, which indicates a sufficient degree of fixation.
℃, and no offset phenomenon occurred even when the temperature reached 240℃. The fusing window for this toner is approximately
80℃ or higher, about 30℃ higher than the toner of Comparative Example 1
The above improvement was observed, and an improvement of about 15° C. or more was also observed compared to the toner of Comparative Example 2, and the fixing window was significantly expanded. In addition, the image quality of the copies was high, and there was no change in image quality after 10,000 copies.
微粒側と粗粒側に分級した後の微粒側および粗
粒側の磁性粉含有量はいずれも50％であつた。ま
た粘度はいずれも３×10‘ポアズであり、したが
つてトナー粒子間で組成の不均一な分布はないも
のと思われる。 After classification into fine grains and coarse grains, the magnetic powder content in both fine grains and coarse grains was 50%. Furthermore, the viscosity of each toner was 3 x 10' poise, and therefore, it seems that there is no non-uniform distribution of composition among the toner particles.
Claims (1)
成物において、該結着樹脂が Ａ 重量平均分子量が50万以上のスチレン−ジエ
ン系共重合体もしくはスチレン−（メタ）アク
リル酸低級アルキルエステル系共重合体10〜60
重量％ Ｂ 重量平均分子量２万〜20万のスチレン重合体
もしくはスチレン−（メタ）アクリル酸低級ア
ルキルエステル系共重合体５〜60重量％ Ｃ 重量平均分子量1000〜２万のポリエチレンワ
ツクスもしくはポリプロピレンワツクス10〜85
重量％ からなり、前記Ｂ成分と前記Ｃ成分とがグラフト
重合してなることを特徴とするトナー組成物。[Scope of Claims] 1. A toner composition mainly consisting of a binder resin and additives, wherein the binder resin is A: a styrene-diene copolymer or styrene-(meth)acrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more; Lower alkyl ester copolymer 10-60
Weight% B Styrene polymer or styrene-(meth)acrylic acid lower alkyl ester copolymer 5 to 60% by weight with a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 200,000 C Polyethylene wax or polypropylene wax with a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 20,000 Tukus 10~85
% by weight, wherein the B component and the C component are graft-polymerized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58112219A JPS603644A (en) | 1983-06-22 | 1983-06-22 | Toner composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58112219A JPS603644A (en) | 1983-06-22 | 1983-06-22 | Toner composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS603644A JPS603644A (en) | 1985-01-10 |
| JPH0259986B2 true JPH0259986B2 (en) | 1990-12-14 |
Family
ID=14581230
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58112219A Granted JPS603644A (en) | 1983-06-22 | 1983-06-22 | Toner composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS603644A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60230666A (en) * | 1984-04-28 | 1985-11-16 | Canon Inc | Binder resin of toner and its preparation |
| JP2529971B2 (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1996-09-04 | 三井東圧化学株式会社 | Toner composition for electrophotography |
| JPS6433558A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-03 | Nippon Zeon Co | Composition for electrophotographic toner |
| JPH0625872B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1994-04-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Toner for electrostatic charge image development for heat and pressure fixing |
| JP2681786B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Magnetic toner for developing electrostatic images |
| JP2681787B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Toner for developing electrostatic images |
| JP2681783B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Toner for developing electrostatic images |
| JP2681785B2 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1997-11-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Binder resin for toner and toner |
| JPH03179514A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-08-05 | Toshiba Corp | Constant voltage circuit |
| US5650254A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-07-22 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd, | Image formation process |
| US5928825A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1999-07-27 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
| JPH09319133A (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1997-12-12 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrostatic charge image developing toner, its production, electrostatic charge image developer and image forming method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5882258A (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-17 | Canon Inc | Dry type developer |
| JPS58100859A (en) * | 1981-12-12 | 1983-06-15 | Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
| JPS59189344A (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-10-26 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59189347U (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-12-15 | 三洋電機株式会社 | transmitter |
-
1983
- 1983-06-22 JP JP58112219A patent/JPS603644A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5882258A (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-17 | Canon Inc | Dry type developer |
| JPS58100859A (en) * | 1981-12-12 | 1983-06-15 | Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
| JPS59189344A (en) * | 1983-04-13 | 1984-10-26 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS603644A (en) | 1985-01-10 |
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