JPH0258522B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to a solid wood fuel combustion device, and its purpose is to achieve stable and efficient combustion, and to adapt to the type of solid wood fuel used. To provide a combustion device for solid wood fuel, which can freely adjust combustion according to demand, and can extend the life of the device without unnecessarily heating the combustion chamber or the main body of the machine.

Wooden solid fuel is different from gaseous/liquid fuels or coal, etc., and is made up of various types of wood chips. They are manufactured from industrial waste such as bark and even sugar cane dregs, and they come in a variety of shapes.

For this reason, each fuel has its own combustion temperature, melting point, specific gravity, and specific gravity of ash, and therefore, the appropriate direction and amount of air blowing vary depending on the type of fuel.

This invention was made against this background.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventional solid wood fuel combustion devices blow air into the combustion chamber only from above, from the sides, or from below.

Such conventional combustion devices have the following problems.

Types that supply air only from the top or side of the combustion chamber can send fresh air to the burning area, so there is no clinker (ash with a low melting point melts into glass-like clinker) in the hearth. , which wrap the surface of the fuel grains and clog the hearth, significantly inhibiting combustion), resulting in the problem of poor combustion efficiency.

Those that supply air only from below the combustion chamber:
Since the ash is blown away from the hearth before the clinker is produced, the aforementioned problems are eliminated.

However, if you send a large amount of air required for combustion (the larger the amount of air supplied, the better the combustion), that is, if you increase the air blowing speed, not only completely burned ash but also incompletely burned ash will be blown away from the hearth, resulting in poor efficiency. There was a problem.

On the other hand, there is a problem in that if the amount of air to be supplied is restricted, the proportion of fuel that can be combusted in one combustion chamber becomes smaller.

In addition, since conventional combustion devices blow air only from the bottom, side, or top of the combustion chamber, the amount of air blown from each of the above-mentioned directions cannot be adjusted. could not be burned efficiently.

In this way, with conventional combustion equipment, the amount of air blown from each direction cannot be adjusted, and therefore combustion cannot be adjusted freely, which can cause the combustion chamber and the machine body to become unnecessarily hot, which can shorten the lifespan of the equipment. was short.

In addition, a technique has been disclosed, such as Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-33379 (Rosttle Structure for Solid Fuel Combustion Device), which evenly diffuses fuel over the top surface of the roistle to supply sufficient air and improve combustion efficiency. This technology also has different methods of uniform diffusion depending on the type of fuel.
This method has disadvantages in that stable combustion cannot be achieved, and that air is supplied to the periphery of the flame by passing through the fuel, thereby cooling the flame and reducing combustion efficiency.

This invention was completed in order to solve the above problems.

(Issues to solve the problem) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the industry has developed a combustion system for solid wood fuel that is capable of stable combustion with good combustion efficiency and that can freely adjust combustion according to the type of solid wood fuel used. was desired to be created.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A solid wood fuel combustion device according to the present invention includes: a hopper for solid wood fuel; a supply device connected to the hopper for supplying the solid wood fuel to a combustion chamber; a lower air passage communicating with the lower part of the combustion chamber and having a throttle device; a lateral air passage communicating vertically with the side of the combustion chamber and having a throttle device; An upper air passage having a throttle device that communicates through an air outlet that was once drilled diagonally downward, an air blower that supplies air to the combustion chamber through these air passages, and an air blower that supplies air from the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber. This solid wood fuel combustion apparatus is characterized by having a flame passage leading to the side opposite to the solid wood fuel supply side and a heat exchanger within the flame passage, so that the above-mentioned problems can be solved.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. (Although the solid wood fuel combustion device in this embodiment was used for a hot air heater, it can be used for various other things such as boilers.) In the drawing, 1 indicates a hopper for solid wood fuel; 2
3 is a supply device that communicates with the hopper 1 and supplies solid wood fuel to the combustion chamber 2 ; 4 is a throttle device; 5
6 is a lateral air passage having a throttle device 4; 7 is an upper air duct having a throttle device 4;
Reference numeral 8 indicates a blower device, and reference numeral 9 indicates a flame passage 9 extending from the combustion chamber 2 to the side opposite to the solid wood fuel supply device 3 side.

The combustion chamber 2 includes a hearth 11 having a lower slit 10 and inclined at a required angle, an inner horizontal wall 12, and an intermediate wall 13.
and an upper wall 15 having an upper slit 14.

The feeding device 3 consists of a drive device 3a, a transmission device 3b, and a screw conveyor 3c.

The lower air passage 5 communicates with the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 , and its end is a lower slit 10.

The reason for providing the lower air passage 5 is to blow air from below to blow off the ash generated by combustion before it becomes clinker.

In this embodiment, the lower slit 10 is bored diagonally upward toward the flame passage, but this is used to blow off as much ash as possible towards the flame passage 9 when the fuel produces a lot of ash. This is the lower slit 10.

In this invention, the direction in which the lower slit 10 is formed is not particularly limited, and the slit may be formed vertically upward as in a modification shown later.

The lateral air passage 6 connects the inner lateral wall 12 and the outer lateral wall 1 of the combustion chamber 2 .
A lateral space 17 formed by 6 communicates with the side of the combustion chamber 2 , and its terminal end is a pore 18 in the inner lateral wall 12.

This pore 18 is provided perpendicularly to the combustion chamber 2, and is bored in the inner and horizontal walls 12, 12 on both sides.

The reason for providing this lateral air passage 6 is to supply air to the fuel, and the air blown from the lateral air passage 6 can directly supply air to the periphery of the flame 21, making the combustion of the solid wood fuel most efficient. I can do it.

That is, in the case of solid wood fuel, it is more efficient to burn air by sending air to the periphery of the flame 21 from the center of the flame 21, and if air is supplied to the periphery of the flame by passing the fuel etc. This is because combustion is inefficient since the fuel is cooled.

The upper air passage 7 connects the inner upper wall 15 and the outer upper wall 1 of the combustion chamber 2 .
9 communicates with the upper part of the combustion chamber 2 from the upper space 20 formed by
It is 4.

This upper slit 14 is an air blowing port formed diagonally downward toward the flame passage 9.

The main reason for providing the upper air passage 7 is that the air blown from the upper air passage 7 is blown into the combustion chamber 2 through the upper slit 14 which is bored diagonally downward toward the flame passage 9. This is to create a flow of air toward the flame passage 9 side.

The air flow toward the flame passage 9 side created in this way causes the flame 21 to extend toward the flame passage 9 side, preventing it from returning, and also to prevent the flame 21 from returning to the flame passage 9 side. This allows for efficient and smooth heat exchange.

The solid wood fuel combustion apparatus of this embodiment having such a configuration burns solid wood fuel efficiently by the method described below.

The fuel supplied to the hopper 1 is supplied to the combustion chamber 2 in the required amount by a supply device 3 .

On the other hand, the proportion of air supplied from the blower device 8 to the combustion chamber 2 via each blower path 5, 6, 7 can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting each throttle device 4, 4, 4. , this air is supplied to the combustion chamber 2 .

Moreover, this air passes between the inner walls 12, 15 and outer walls 16, 19 of the combustion chamber 2 , is primarily heated, and is then supplied to the combustion chamber 2 .

The fuel supplied to the combustion chamber 2 is dried while sliding down from the mountain side to the valley side of the hearth 11, and when it reaches the surface of the lower slit 10, it is combusted and a flame 21 is generated. extends to the flame passage 9 side on the right side of the page.

Air is supplied from the side to the peripheral portion of the flame 21 to efficiently burn the fuel.

Before the ash generated by combustion becomes clinker, it falls into the flame passage 9 along the lower slit 10 by air blown from the lower air passage 5 or accumulates at the bottom of the chimney 23.

This ash is taken out from the ash removal port 26.

The hot air generated by this combustion is efficiently heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 22 in the flame passage 9, and is exhausted from the chimney 23 and released into the atmosphere.

Air taken in from the fan 24 is transferred to the heat exchanger 22
The hot air absorbs heat from the air, becomes hot air, and is blown from the hot air outlet 25.

In this invention, it goes without saying that the most efficient combustion conditions must be determined empirically by the user.

The combustion conditions include the amount of air blown from the lower air duct 5 to blow off the ash generated by combustion before it becomes clinker, the amount of air blown from the side air duct 6 to the periphery of the flame 21 for combustion, and the heat exchange. This is done by mutually adjusting the amount of air blown from the upper air passage 7 to efficiently perform this.

The method of supplying fuel is not necessarily limited to this embodiment, and it may also be supplied from the side or from the top using a quantitative cutting device or the like.

Each air passage 5, 6, 7 is located below the combustion chamber 2 , on the side thereof,
Although the upper part is formed with a double structure, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this embodiment, and in short, air may be supplied to the combustion chamber 2 from below, from the side, and from above.

In addition, a lower slit 10, an upper slit 14, and a pore 1
8 is not limited to the shape of this example,
For example, the lower slit 10 may be made into a pore.

In FIG. 3, if the lower slit 10 is bored vertically upward, the flame 21 will extend along the flame passage 9 and the heat will be absorbed by the heat exchanger 22.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, since the solid wood fuel combustion device according to the present invention uses solid wood fuel, which is an industrial waste, as fuel, it is useful for preventing pollution, and can be operated continuously at low running costs. Needless to say, it has the following excellent effects.

Since air is supplied to the combustion chamber from below, from the sides, and from above, the air from below blows away the ash before clinker is formed, and the air from the sides provides the air necessary for combustion to the edge of the flame. A large amount of fuel is sent, and the heat exchange between the air from above and the heat exchanger is efficient and smooth, resulting in highly efficient and stable combustion.

In addition, the amount of air supplied to the combustion chamber from below, from the sides, and from above can be adjusted individually, so various solid wood fuels with unique combustion temperatures, melting points, specific gravity, and ash specific gravity can be efficiently used in the same device. It can be burned.

Furthermore, since the flame is extended to the flame passage side by air blowing from the upper air passage, heat exchange is performed efficiently by the heat exchanger in the flame passage, and the flame does not return, so there is no need for a combustion chamber or a machine body. The device does not reach high temperatures and can extend the life of the device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the solid wood fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a combustion chamber according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modification of the type fuel combustion device. 1... Hopper, 2 ... Combustion chamber, 3 ... Supply device, 4... Throttle device, 5... Lower air duct, 6... Horizontal air duct, 7... Upper air duct, 8... Air blower, 9...
... Flame passage, 10 ... Lower slit, 14 ... Upper slit, 18 ... Pore, 22 ... Heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A solid wood fuel hopper, a supply device connected to the hopper and supplying the solid wood fuel to the combustion chamber,
a lower air passage communicating with the lower part of the combustion chamber and having a throttle device; a lateral air passage communicating vertically with the side of the combustion chamber and having a throttle device; An upper air passage having a throttle device that communicates through an air outlet that was once drilled diagonally downward, an air blower that supplies air to the combustion chamber through these air passages, and an air blower that supplies air from the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber. A solid wood fuel combustion device characterized by having a flame passage leading to a side opposite to the solid wood fuel supply side, and a heat exchanger within the flame passage.