JPH0254087A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the efficiency of work and enable excavation with a regulated crushed cross-sectional area, to be executed efficiently with safety by arranging a blasting powder jet device and a triggering device at the rear section of the cutter of a drill shaft, and by performing the jet fitting of an explosive and ignition explosion continuously. CONSTITUTION:On a drill shaft 5 positioned at a space section 15 between a quaywall B on the rear side of a tip cutter 12, and the outer periphery of the drill shaft 5, a blasting powder jet device 16 consisting of a valve seat, a valve body, and the like, and triggering device 28 having a blasting gas jet section and a ignition device are arranged. Then, the drill shaft 5 is rotated, and a hole is bored through the quaywall B by the cutter 12, and a blasting powder jet pump is worked, and via a feed pipe 17 or the like, by the jet device 16, blasting powder is blasted to the quaywall B. After that, the drill shaft 5 is quietly rotated, and the powder is fitted on the full periphery and after that, ignition explosion is generated by the triggering device 28, and the quaywall B is destroyed. As a result, without moving the drill shaft 5 backward, work is continuously executed, and excavation can be performed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to the excavation of mine shafts and tunnels.
This relates to an excavator that continuously blasts and excavates soft and hard rock.

[Conventional technology] Conventionally, for excavating shafts, tunnels, etc., methods using blasting,
Excavation was carried out using methods such as bit cutting, rotary cutter crushing, bit impact mechanical excavation, flame jet, and high-pressure water jet. Furthermore, methods using cannons and the like are also known.

[The problem that the invention attempts to solve! In the above-mentioned conventional excavator, the blasting method involves drilling one to several places with a drill, etc., removing the drill, loading explosives and fuses into each cut hole, and then pushing the filler. Since it involves blasting and excavating in one go, it has great destructive power, but the setup is complicated and extremely inefficient.
In particular, when excavating a deposited layer containing hard rock, the capacity is significantly reduced and it is difficult to obtain a well-shaped fractured cross section.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problem of excavation using explosives, the present invention has been made to improve this problem, and is to excavate by continuous operation of drilling and small explosion using explosives, and to form a fractured cross section. The goal is to have a safe and efficient excavator.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a means for achieving this, the present invention includes a cutter like a hole puncher attached to the tip of a rotationally driven drill shaft, and a drill shaft attached to the drill shaft portion at the rear of the cutter. an explosive injection device that injects and loads explosives supplied from the rear into the cutting hole;
It is equipped with a detonator that ignites and detonates the loaded explosive, and allows a series of operations from drilling to detonation with the explosive to be performed continuously for drilling without removing the drill shaft from the cutting hole.

[Example] An example in which a specific configuration of the present invention is shown in the drawings will be described.

1 is a rotating ring, a rock removal device to be crushed, and a fi body moving device (
This swivel base constitutes a part of the body of an excavator A (not shown), and an indicator bed 2 to which a rotary drill shaft indicator cylinder 3 is attached is pivotally attached to the swivel base 1. In addition, the rotary drill axis indicating cylinder 3 and the rotating base 1
A cylinder device 4 for elevating the drill shaft is installed between the drill shaft and the drill shaft.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a drill shaft, which is fitted so as to protrude from both ends of the rotary drill shaft instruction cylinder 3, and is installed on a gear 6 attached to the rear protrusion and a slide base 8 slidably attached to the instruction bed 2. A fixed gear 7 is meshed with the drill shaft driving motor M, and the drill shaft 5 is rotationally driven by the drill shaft driving motor M. Further, a drill axis cylinder device 10 is installed between the rotary drill shaft indicating cylinder 3 and an annular body 9 that is rotatably fitted to the drill shaft 5 that projects forward from the cylinder 3, so that the drill shaft 5 is connected to the rotary drill shaft It is configured to be able to slide back and forth within the indicating cylinder 3.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a guide formed at the tip of the drill shaft 5. A cutter 12 is attached to the tip, and a spiral shaft 13 is provided between the cutter 12 and the guide 11. This spiral shaft 13 is machined with spiral teeth welded to the drill shaft 5 as shown in FIG. act. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the guide 11 is formed to have a larger diameter than the drill shaft 5.
A through hole 14 is drilled across the guide kite 11, and a space 15 is formed between the outer periphery of the drill shaft 5 behind the guide kite 11 and the cut rock wall B.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an explosive jetting device, which is provided on the drill shaft 5 located in the space 15, and serves as a means for supplying an explosive C such as a slurry explosive or a liquid explosive to the explosive jetting device 16.
As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 8, a feed pipe 17 is bored between the explosive injection device 16 and the rear end of the drill shaft 5, and a rotary joint 18 is attached to the rear end of the feed pipe 17. A flexible pipe 19 is connected between the joint 18 and the explosive storage tank 20.
The explosives C in the explosives storage tank 20 are connected by the explosives injection pump P to the flexible pipe 19, the rotary joint 18,
It is sent to the explosive injection device 16 through the feed pipe 17. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the explosive jetting device 16 has a first valve seat 21 formed at its inner end, a tapered second valve seat 22 formed at its outer end, and a valve body 23 inserted therein. The valve body 23 has a conical first valve portion 2 that approaches and separates from the first valve seat 21.
4, and a second valve part 2 having a knotted conical shape that fits into the second valve seat 22.
5, the second valve portion 25 has a cut opening 26 which is vertically cut in a cross-shaped cross section and is always biased to open, and further has an inner end of the second valve seat 22. A spring 27 is tensioned between the first valve part 24 and the valve body 23 so that both valve parts 24.25 of the valve body 23 come into contact with both valve seats 22.23 and the cut opening 26 is maintained in a closed state. There is.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a detonator, which has a detonating gas jetting part 29 and an igniter 35 as shown in FIG. A valve seat 30 is attached to the valve seat 30, and a valve element 32 is attached to the valve seat 30, which is brought into contact with the valve seat 30 from the outside in a normally closed state by a spring 31. It is connected to the tip of the detonating gas supply pipe 33 fitted into the holder, and the rear end is connected to the gas generator 34. - The power igniter 35 has an electric wire 36 inserted into the igniter gas supply pipe 33 and its rear end connected to a slip ring 37 to form a circuit with a power source 38.

In addition, 39 is a detonation shielding plate.

With this configuration, when using this excavator A, the drill shaft drive motor M is driven, and the gear 6 that meshes with the gear 7 fixed thereto is rotated to rotate the drill shaft 5. .

As a result, the cutter 12 at the tip rotates, and the drill shaft 5 is advanced by the drill shaft telescoping cylinder device 10 to drill a hole in the rock wall B. The cut small chunks of rock are squeezed between the spiral shaft 11 and the rock wall B on the outer periphery of the cutter 12, and are further made into smaller pieces and sent rearward and discharged to the outside through the through hole 14. cutter 1
When cutter 2 continues digging and cuts a certain distance, cutter 1
Stop the rotation and forward movement of 2. In this state, a space 15 is formed behind the guide 11, and the next explosive spraying operation begins. In this operation, the explosive injection pump P is operated to send the explosive C from the explosive storage tank 20 to the explosive injection device 16 via the flexible pipe 19, the rotary joint 18, and the feed pipe 17. The first valve part 24 of the valve body 23 is activated by the spring 27 due to the pressure of the supplied explosive C.
The second valve portion 25 is pushed outward against the tension of the first valve seat 21 and opens the valve away from the first valve seat 21, and the second valve portion 25 also slides outward along the second valve seat 22. The cutting opening 26 of the second valve part 25 is opened by the taper, and the explosive C is sprayed from the cutting opening 26 onto the rock wall B of the space 15, and by gently rotating the drill shaft 5, the explosive C is sprayed onto the rock wall B of the space 15. The explosive C adheres to the entire circumference of the portion 15. When the ejection of the explosive C is stopped, the explosive ejecting device 16 opens as shown in FIG. 6 due to the tension of the spring 27. Next, detonator 2
Explosive gas is supplied from the gas generator 34 to the two igniting gas jetting portions of No. 8 through the igniting scum supply pipe 33.

As a result, the valve body 32 of the detonating gas spouting part 29 opens against the tension of the spring 31 due to the supply pressure of the detonating gas.
The detonating gas is released into the space 15 to which the explosive C is attached. Once a certain amount of detonating gas is released, the supply is stopped and the valve body 32 of the detonating gas spouting section 29 is opened.

After that, when the electric circuit of the igniter 35 is opened, the igniter 35
is discharged, the detonating gas is ignited, and the explosive C is fully detonated.

As a result, the rock wall B behind the entire circumference of the space 15 is reliably destroyed.

In this way, continuous excavation is carried out by repeating the series of operations of drilling with a cutter, injecting explosives, injecting detonating gas, and detonating.

Next, with this excavation fiA, as shown in Figure 10, tunnel D is
Alternatively, when excavating a tunnel, as shown in FIG. 2, the center (X-X) and the excavation aA are assembled in three chalk rows on both sides (the excavator on the left is not shown). Then, the entire surface of the tunnel or shaft is excavated by repeating the continuous operation of drilling, explosive injection, and blasting with the three drill shafts 5 from the position shown in Figure 9 to the position shown in Figure 9. It involves digging and digging.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail with respect to the embodiments, the excavator of the present invention is provided with an explosive jetting device and a detonator at the tip portion behind the cutter at the tip of the drill shaft, thereby making it easier to drill holes with the cutter. Next, the explosives are injected onto the excavated rock wall without the drill shaft being moved backwards, and the ignition and detonation operations are performed continuously to excavate, making the work more efficient than conventional excavation operations using blasting. In addition to being tall, this excavator is capable of safely and efficiently excavating small blasts with a uniform fracture cross section even in deposited layers with a lot of hard rock, and is also capable of continuous excavation and small blasting. Therefore, it is possible to provide an excavator that is compact and lightweight, easy to transport, install, and operate, and is economically inexpensive.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the excavator of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line I--I in FIG. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line m--■ in Figure 1, Figure 6 is a vertical side view of the explosive injection device in the open state, and Figure 7 is the same. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the explosive device in the open state, Fig. 9 is a conceptual diagram of cutting and explosion-related aspects of the excavator of the present invention, and Fig. 10 is during tunnel excavation. An explanatory diagram is shown.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hole-drilling cutter is attached to the tip of a rotatably driven drill shaft, and an explosive injection device that injects and loads explosives supplied from the rear of the drill shaft into the cut hole into the drill shaft portion at the rear of the cutter; This excavator is equipped with a detonator that ignites and detonates the explosive, and is characterized in that it performs a series of operations continuously from drilling to detonating the explosive without removing the drill shaft from the cutting hole.