JPH0253736B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0253736B2 JPH0253736B2 JP3154186A JP3154186A JPH0253736B2 JP H0253736 B2 JPH0253736 B2 JP H0253736B2 JP 3154186 A JP3154186 A JP 3154186A JP 3154186 A JP3154186 A JP 3154186A JP H0253736 B2 JPH0253736 B2 JP H0253736B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- pressure
- internal pressure
- atmospheric pressure
- return
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、ガソリンスタンドの地下に埋設され
ているガソリンタンク等のタンクの漏洩検査方法
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a leakage testing method for tanks such as gasoline tanks buried underground in gas stations.
（従来の技術）
従来、この種の危険物貯留用タンクの漏洩検査
方法として、減圧方法が周知である。この減圧方
法は、タンクにガソリン等の危険物を貯留したま
ま検査を行なうものであり、まず、タンク及び配
管を密閉した後、タンク内圧を所定の設定値まで
減圧し、その後所定時間放置してタンク内圧の変
化を測定し、その変化率を調べてタンク及び配管
等の危険物の漏洩の有無を判定するものであつた
（第２図参照）。(Prior Art) Conventionally, a pressure reduction method is well known as a leakage inspection method for this type of hazardous material storage tank. This depressurization method performs inspections while storing dangerous substances such as gasoline in the tank. First, the tank and piping are sealed, the internal pressure of the tank is reduced to a predetermined set value, and then the tank is left for a predetermined period of time. The system measures changes in tank internal pressure and examines the rate of change to determine whether there is any leakage of dangerous substances from the tank or piping (see Figure 2).
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
前記従来の減圧検査方法は、検査に長時間を要
するという問題があつた。即ち、貯留液体がガソ
リン等の揮発性液体の場合、タンク内圧を減圧す
ると、液体から蒸気が蒸発してタンク内圧が上昇
する。従つて、短時間の内圧測定では、漏洩によ
る内圧上昇か、又は、蒸発による内圧上昇かの判
別が出来ない為、少なくとも30分程度の変化率を
測定しなければならなかつたのである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional reduced pressure inspection method has a problem in that the inspection requires a long time. That is, when the stored liquid is a volatile liquid such as gasoline, when the tank internal pressure is reduced, vapor evaporates from the liquid and the tank internal pressure increases. Therefore, by measuring the internal pressure over a short period of time, it is impossible to determine whether the internal pressure is rising due to leakage or evaporation, so it was necessary to measure the rate of change over a period of at least 30 minutes.
そこで、本発明は、短時間で確実に漏洩の有無
を判断することができるタンクの漏洩検査方法を
提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tank leakage inspection method that can reliably determine the presence or absence of leakage in a short period of time.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
上記目的を達成する為、本発明は次の手段を講
じた。即ち、本発明の特徴とする処は、大気圧の
下で揮発性液体を貯留しているタンクを密閉した
後、直ちにタンク内の圧力上昇率（ＰmmH2O／
min）を測定し、その後、タンク内圧を大気圧に
戻して再度密閉し、その後直ちにタンク内圧が所
定の設定圧になるまでタンク内の液体を抜き取
り、その後直ちに、抜き取つた液体をタンク内圧
が大気圧になるまでタンク内に戻し、前記抜取り
量（Ａ）と戻し量（Ｂ）との差（Ａ−Ｂ＝Ｃ
）と、
Ｘ＝Ｐ／Ｈ＋Ｐ×Ｖ×Ｔ
但し、
Ｖ；タンクの全容積から貯留液体容積を引いた
空間容積（）
Ｈ；大気圧（mmH2O）
Ｔ；抜取り開始から戻し終了までの時間
（min）
Ｘ；蒸気量（）
で求められるＸとを比較してタンクの漏洩を測定
する点にある。(Means for solving the problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following measures. That is, the feature of the present invention is that after sealing a tank storing a volatile liquid under atmospheric pressure, the rate of pressure increase in the tank (PmmH 2 O/
min), then return the tank internal pressure to atmospheric pressure and seal it again, then immediately drain the liquid in the tank until the tank internal pressure reaches the predetermined set pressure. Return it to the tank until it reaches atmospheric pressure, and the difference between the amount extracted (A) and the amount returned (B) (A-B=C
), X=P/H+P×V×T However, V: Space volume obtained by subtracting the stored liquid volume from the total volume of the tank () H: Atmospheric pressure (mmH 2 O) T: Time from the start of extraction to the end of return (min)
（作用） 本発明の検査方法の原理につき説明する。(effect) The principle of the inspection method of the present invention will be explained.
容器にピンホール等の欠陥が全く無く完全に密
閉されたものである場合は、該密閉容器から例え
ば10の体積を抜き取ると、密閉容器内は、10の体
積量分だけ減圧される。そして抜き取つた10の体
積を元に戻すと、密閉容器内は元の圧力に戻る。 If the container has no defects such as pinholes and is completely sealed, if, for example, 10 volumes are removed from the container, the pressure inside the container will be reduced by 10 volumes. When the volume of 10 that was removed is returned to its original state, the pressure inside the sealed container returns to its original state.
しかし、もし容器に小孔等の欠陥がある場合、
密閉容器から10の体積を抜き取ると、欠陥小孔か
ら外気が侵入してくるため、抜き取つた10の体積
を元に戻していくと、全部戻す前に元の圧力に達
してしまい、手元には外気の侵入分だけの体積が
残ることになる。従つて、この残量を測定するこ
とにより、容器の漏洩の有無を知ることができ
る。 However, if the container has defects such as small holes,
If you remove 10 volumes from a sealed container, outside air will enter through the defective small hole, so if you return the 10 volumes you removed, the original pressure will be reached before you can return it all, and the air will not be in your hand. This means that a volume equal to the amount of outside air that enters remains. Therefore, by measuring this remaining amount, it is possible to know whether there is any leakage in the container.
しかし、密閉容器に高揮発性液体を貯留する場
合は、上記のように簡単ではなく、蒸気圧の影響
を考慮しなければならない。 However, when storing a highly volatile liquid in a closed container, it is not as simple as described above, and the influence of vapor pressure must be taken into consideration.
そこで、本発明では、圧力上昇率（蒸気発生
度）ＰmmH2O／minを測定し、この値を用いてボ
イルの法則より導いたＸ＝Ｐ／（Ｈ＋Ｐ）×Ｖ×
Ｔの式により、全蒸気発生量（Ｘ）を計算し、残
量が、この理論蒸気量（Ｘ）を基準とする許容値
より少ない場合は、「異常なし」の判定をし、残
量がこの許容値を越える場合は、「異常あり」と
判定する。 Therefore, in the present invention, the pressure increase rate (steam generation rate) PmmH 2 O/min is measured, and using this value, X=P/(H+P)×V× derived from Boyle's law.
The total amount of steam generated (X) is calculated using the formula T, and if the remaining amount is less than the allowable value based on this theoretical amount of steam (X), it is determined that there is no abnormality and the remaining amount is If this tolerance is exceeded, it is determined that there is an "abnormality".
（実施例）
以下、本発明の実施例を説明する。第１図に示
すものは、本発明の検査方法に使用する装置であ
つて、１は地下タンクで、該タンク１は、危険物
第四類、第一石油類から第四石油類までの比較的
低粘度の油種を貯留するものである。このタンク
１には、遠方注油管２、吸油管３、検尺管４、通
気管５等が接続されている。吸油管３は地上の計
量機６に接続されている。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described. What is shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus used in the inspection method of the present invention, and 1 is an underground tank, and the tank 1 is used for comparison of Class 4 hazardous materials and Class 1 petroleum to Class 4 petroleum. It is used to store low viscosity oil. A remote oil supply pipe 2, an oil absorption pipe 3, a measuring pipe 4, a ventilation pipe 5, etc. are connected to this tank 1. The oil suction pipe 3 is connected to a weighing machine 6 on the ground.
上記タンク１及び各配管類の漏洩を検査する為
に、各配管類を密閉するためのプラグ７，８，
９、計量機６から汲み出される油の流れを観察す
るためのガラステスタ１０、計量機６により汲み
出された油を貯める返還タンク１１、タンク１内
の油温及び外気温を測定する温度計１２、及びタ
ンク１の内圧を測定するためのマノメータ１３等
が使用される。 In order to inspect the tank 1 and each piping for leakage, plugs 7, 8 for sealing each piping,
9. A glass tester 10 for observing the flow of oil pumped out from the measuring machine 6, a return tank 11 for storing the oil pumped out by the measuring machine 6, and a thermometer for measuring the oil temperature in the tank 1 and the outside temperature. 12, and a manometer 13 for measuring the internal pressure of the tank 1.
前記返還タンク１１には返還用ドロツプ管１４
が接続され、該ドロツプ管１４は検尺管４を通つ
てタンク１内に挿入されている。 The return tank 11 has a return drop pipe 14.
The drop tube 14 is inserted into the tank 1 through the measuring tube 4.
上記装置を用いて本検査を行うための条件とし
て、タンク１内の液温は25℃以下とされ、タ
ンク１内の液体はタンク実容量の10％以上とさ
れ、液体の蒸気発生度（圧力上昇率）は５mm
H2O／min以下とされている。 The conditions for conducting this inspection using the above device are that the liquid temperature in tank 1 is below 25℃, the liquid in tank 1 is at least 10% of the tank's actual capacity, and the degree of vapor generation (pressure) of the liquid is Rise rate) is 5mm
H 2 O/min or less.
次に、検査順序を説明すれば、
作業を実施する前に、タンク１の空間容積、
液温、外気温、残量、配管容積などを計測し記
録する。 Next, to explain the inspection order, before carrying out the work, the space volume of tank 1,
Measure and record liquid temperature, outside temperature, remaining amount, piping volume, etc.
マノメータ１３，１３、返還タンク１１、ガ
ラステスタ１０、温度計１２などを装着し、タ
ンク１及び配管類２，４，５をプラグ７，８，
９やバルブ１５，１６で密封する。 Attach manometers 13, 13, return tank 11, glass tester 10, thermometer 12, etc., and connect tank 1 and piping 2, 4, 5 to plugs 7, 8,
9 and valves 15 and 16 to seal.
密封後、タンク１内圧の上昇率を、マノメー
タ１３の目盛を読み取ることにより、１分間に
わたつて計測する。 After sealing, the rate of increase in the internal pressure of the tank 1 is measured for one minute by reading the scale of the manometer 13.
その後密封部を開放しタンク１内を大気圧に
する。 Thereafter, the sealed portion is opened to bring the inside of the tank 1 to atmospheric pressure.
タンク１内が大気圧に戻つた時点で開口部を
再度密閉し、計量機６を運転して返還タンク１
１に油を入れてタンク１内圧を所定圧まで減圧
すると共に、その時の計量機運転開始からの時
間を記録する。この所定圧とは−200mmH2Oで
あり、又は、最大抜き取り量99リツタ（）ま
でとされている。 Once the pressure inside the tank 1 has returned to atmospheric pressure, the opening is sealed again and the weighing machine 6 is operated to remove the returned tank 1.
Fill tank 1 with oil and reduce the internal pressure of tank 1 to a predetermined pressure, and record the time from the start of the weighing machine operation at that time. This predetermined pressure is -200 mmH 2 O, or the maximum extraction amount is 99 liters ().
上記所定圧に減圧した後、抜き取つた油を返
還タンク１１のバルブ１５を開けてタンク１内
に戻していく。 After the pressure is reduced to the predetermined pressure, the extracted oil is returned to the tank 1 by opening the valve 15 of the return tank 11.
マノメータ１３が、±０mmH2Oに成つた時点
で返還バルブ１５を閉じて時間を記録すると共
に、返還タンク１１内の残量を計測し記録す
る。 When the manometer 13 reaches ±0 mmH 2 O, the return valve 15 is closed and the time is recorded, and the remaining amount in the return tank 11 is measured and recorded.
各密封部を開放して検査を終了する。 The inspection is completed by opening each sealing part.
次に、上記計測結果をもとにして、漏洩の有無
を次のようにして判定する。 Next, based on the above measurement results, the presence or absence of leakage is determined as follows.
ボイルの法則より下記の式を導出する。 The following formula is derived from Boyle's law.
Ｘ＝Ｐ／Ｈ＋Ｐ×Ｖ×Ｔ
Ｐ；内圧上昇率（蒸気発生度）mmH2O
Ｈ；大気圧mmH2′O
Ｖ；タンクの空間容積
Ｔ；抜き取り開始から戻し終了までの時間min
Ｘ；蒸気量
上記Ｘの値と、抜き取り量（Ａ）と戻し量
（Ｂ）の差Ａ−Ｂ＝Ｃの値が、Ｘ＝Ｃの場合理想
状態となるが、許容範囲としてＸの±２倍以内で
ある場合、「異常なし」と判定する。 X=P/H+P×V×T P; Rate of increase in internal pressure (degree of steam generation) mmH 2 O H; Atmospheric pressure mmH 2 ′O V; Space volume of the tank T; Time from the start of extraction to the end of return min X; Steam Amount The difference between the value of X above and the amount of extraction (A) and amount of return (B) A-B=C is an ideal state if X=C, but the allowable range is within ±2 times of X. If there is, it is determined that there is no abnormality.
上記許容範囲を設定した理由は、計測・測定中
の誤差及び液体の温度変化、大気圧の変化、肉眼
での計器の測定誤差、空間容積の計測誤差などが
有り、これらを考慮し理論値の±２倍程度として
いる。 The reason for setting the above tolerance range is that there are errors during measurement and measurement, changes in liquid temperature, changes in atmospheric pressure, measurement errors of instruments with the naked eye, measurement errors of space volume, etc., and taking these into consideration, the theoretical value. It is approximately ±2 times.
尚、蒸気の発生の少ない液体を貯留している場
合は、内圧上昇率の測定時間を５分程度延長す
る。 Note that if a liquid that generates little steam is stored, the measurement time for the rate of increase in internal pressure will be extended by about 5 minutes.
また吸油管３、計量機６等で油を抜き取る時、
ガラステスタ１０で気泡及び空気の状況を観察す
る（この時、計量機６等の空気分離装置を密封す
る）。 Also, when removing oil with the oil suction pipe 3, measuring machine 6, etc.
The state of bubbles and air is observed using the glass tester 10 (at this time, the air separation device such as the weighing machine 6 is sealed).
以下、具体的な実施例につき説明する。 Hereinafter, specific examples will be described.
〔検査 １〕
油種……ガソリン
タンク容量……10Kl
タンク残量……6600
空間容積（Ｖ）……3840
外気温……17℃
液温……22℃
大気圧（Ｈ）……10332mmH2O
設定圧……−220mmH2O
抜き取り量……85
内圧上昇率（Ｐ）……２mmH2O／min
時間（Ｔ）……５分30秒
残量（Ｃ）……４
Ｘ＝Ｐ／Ｈ＋Ｐ×Ｖ×Ｔ＝２／10332＋２×3840×5
.5＝4.08672
Ｘ＝4.08672に対してＣ＝４であるから
「異常なし」と判定する。[Inspection 1] Oil type...Gasoline tank capacity...10Kl Remaining amount in tank...6600 Space volume (V)...3840 Outside temperature...17℃ Liquid temperature...22℃ Atmospheric pressure (H)...10332mmH 2 O Set pressure...-220mmH 2 O Removal amount...85 Internal pressure increase rate (P)...2mmH 2 O/min Time (T)...5 minutes 30 seconds Remaining amount (C)...4 X=P/H+P× V×T=2/10332+2×3840×5
.5=4.08672 Since C=4 for X=4.08672, it is determined that there is "no abnormality".
〔検査 ２」
従来の減圧検査を行なつた。即ち、上記検査１
と同じ条件において−200mmH2Oまで減圧し、タ
ンク内圧を30分間にわたつて記録した。その結果
を第２図に示す。[Test 2] A conventional decompression test was performed. That is, the above inspection 1
Under the same conditions as above, the pressure was reduced to -200 mmH 2 O, and the tank internal pressure was recorded over 30 minutes. The results are shown in FIG.
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、前記「検査１」から明らかな
如く、検査時間は、５分30秒であり、一方、従来
の方法は「検査２」から明らかな如く、約30分か
かり、本発明は極めて短時間で検査ができること
が判る。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the test time is 5 minutes and 30 seconds, as is clear from the above-mentioned "Test 1", whereas in the conventional method, the test time is about 30 seconds, as is clear from "Test 2". Therefore, it can be seen that the present invention allows inspection to be carried out in an extremely short time.
従つて、本発明によれば、検査時間が短縮され
るものであり、実用に供して多大の効果を発揮す
るものである。 Therefore, according to the present invention, the inspection time is shortened, and a great effect is exhibited in practical use.
第１図は本発明に使用する検査装置を示す全体
図であり、第２図は従来の減圧検査方法による内
圧と時間の測定結果のグラフである。
１…タンク、６…計量機、１１…返還タンク、
１３…マノメータ。
FIG. 1 is an overall view showing the inspection apparatus used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph of the measurement results of internal pressure and time by a conventional reduced pressure inspection method. 1...tank, 6...weighing machine, 11...return tank,
13... Manometer.
Claims (1)
クを密閉した後、直ちにタンク内の圧力上昇率
（ＰmmH2O／min）を測定し、その後、タンク内
圧を大気圧に戻して再度密閉し、その後直ちにタ
ンク内圧が所定の設定圧になるまでタンク内の液
体を抜き取り、その後直ちに、抜き取つた液体を
タンク内圧が大気圧になるまでタンク内に戻し、
前記抜取り量（Ａ）と戻し量（Ｂ）との差
（Ａ−Ｂ＝Ｃ）と、 Ｘ＝Ｐ／Ｈ＋Ｐ×Ｖ×Ｔ 但し、 Ｖ；タンクの全容積から貯留液体容積を引いた
空間容積（） Ｈ；大気圧（mmH2O） Ｔ；抜取り開始から戻し終了までの時間
（min） Ｘ；蒸気量（） で求められるＸとを比較してタンクの漏洩を判定
することを特徴とするタンクの漏洩検査方法。[Claims] 1. After sealing a tank storing a volatile liquid under atmospheric pressure, immediately measure the rate of pressure increase in the tank (PmmH 2 O/min), and then increase the tank internal pressure. The tank is returned to atmospheric pressure and sealed again, and then the liquid in the tank is immediately drained until the tank internal pressure reaches the predetermined set pressure, and then the drained liquid is immediately returned to the tank until the tank internal pressure reaches atmospheric pressure.
The difference between the amount withdrawn (A) and the amount returned (B) (A-B=C), () H: Atmospheric pressure (mmH 2 O) T: Time from the start of extraction to the end of return (min) How to test for tank leaks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3154186A JPS62188929A (en) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-02-14 | Leakage inspection of tank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3154186A JPS62188929A (en) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-02-14 | Leakage inspection of tank |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62188929A JPS62188929A (en) | 1987-08-18 |
| JPH0253736B2 true JPH0253736B2 (en) | 1990-11-19 |
Family
ID=12334049
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3154186A Granted JPS62188929A (en) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-02-14 | Leakage inspection of tank |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62188929A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2504831Y2 (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1996-07-24 | 佐々木 洋 | Storage tank leak inspection device |
| US5244307A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1993-09-14 | Wokas Albert L | Anti-pollution piping and dispensing system |
| JP7450862B2 (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-03-18 | 株式会社タツノ | Leakage test equipment and test method for underground storage tanks |
-
1986
- 1986-02-14 JP JP3154186A patent/JPS62188929A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62188929A (en) | 1987-08-18 |
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