JPH0252959B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a novel water-soluble lubricant composition for metal processing, more specifically, a salt or quaternary ammonium salt of an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine having 4 to 22 carbon atoms with a phosphoric acid compound or boric acid. Also, plastic processing, cutting, and metal processing containing water-soluble rust and corrosion inhibitors.
The present invention relates to a water-soluble metal processing lubricant composition useful as a lubricant during processing such as cutting. Liquid lubricants conventionally used for metal plastic working, cutting, grinding, etc. can be applied directly to the lubricated parts, or they can be made into emulsions by emulsifying the lubricant in water at a predetermined concentration using an emulsifier such as a surfactant. Applied to the surface of the workpiece during processing. That is, the liquid lubricant is characterized in that it obtains a lubricating effect by adhering liquid lubricant particles emulsified with a surfactant or the like to the surface of the workpiece. In particular, a liquid lubricant using water is advantageous in terms of its cooling effect on heat generated during machining of a workpiece, or its economical efficiency due to the circulating use of an emulsion. However, on the other hand, (a) the stability of the emulsion; (b) Contamination such as metal powder and scum generated during metal processing is mixed into the emulsion. (c) Contamination of the surface of the workpiece due to these stains. (d) Decrease in load bearing capacity due to a decrease in the amount of lubricant emulsion particles adhering to the surface of the workpiece, which occurs to stabilize emulsification. (e) Wastewater treatment properties of the emulsion. (f) Corrosion and rusting of processed materials mainly caused by the water used. It had various drawbacks in terms of emulsion management. Therefore, after processing, a beautiful surface condition with no contamination of the surface of the workpiece due to lubricating oil, etc. can be obtained, and contamination such as metal powder, lubricant deterioration products, etc. can be mixed in, that is, contamination cannot be entrained into the system. As a result, it is desired to develop a water-soluble lubricant that does not contaminate the workpiece with dirt, but at present no excellent lubricant having these effects has yet been found. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional liquid lubricants and provide a lubricant that is water-soluble. It has been discovered that the above object can be achieved by using an aqueous solution of a composition containing a salt of a specific amine with acidic phosphoric acids or boric acid, or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof, and a rust preventive and anticorrosive agent, and the present invention completed. That is, the present invention provides (a) a salt of an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine having 4 to 22 carbon atoms with a phosphoric acid compound or boric acid, or one of the quaternary ammonium salts of acidic phosphoric acids or boric acid; The present invention provides a water-soluble lubricant composition for metal processing, which contains two or more kinds of lubricant compositions and (b) a water-soluble rust/corrosion inhibitor as essential components. The aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine (hereinafter referred to as "amine compound") which is component (a) of the composition of the present invention includes the following. Alkylamines having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, such as monoamines such as butylamine, hexylamine, decylamine, laurylamine, and oleylamine, and diamines such as dibutylamine, propyldecylamine, dipalmitylamine, and derivatives thereof. Polyalkylene polyamines, such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine,
Pentaethylenehexamine and derivatives thereof. Cycloamines having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as cyclohexylamine and derivatives thereof. Diamines having an alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, such as N-octylethylenediamine, N
-Oleyl ethylene diamine, N-lauryl propylene diamine, N-stearyl propylene diamine, N-oleyl butylene diamine and derivatives thereof. Amines having one or more phenyl groups, such as monoamines such as benzylamine and butylbenzylamine; diamines or triamines consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and a phenyl group, such as benzylmethylamine, dibenzylamine, benzyl Diamines such as ethylamine and benzyldecylamine, triamines such as dimethylbenzylamine, and derivatives thereof. Triamines consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, such as lauryldimethylamine, propyldimethylamine, stearyldimethylamine, and derivatives thereof. Imidazolines having an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and derivatives thereof. Picoline and derivatives thereof having an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of counter-anion phosphoric acid compounds that form salts or quaternary ammonium salts with these amines include the following compounds (i) to (v). (i) Phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid or their thio or ester compounds (ii) Alkyl, alkylaryl or allyl group with 1
(iii) Mono- or diphosphonic acid esters having 1 to 8 hydroxyl groups, or thio compounds thereof; (iii) Mono- or diphosphonic acids having an alkyl, alkylaryl, or allyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or thio compounds thereof; (iv) thio compounds thereof, having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; Mono- or di-phosphinic acids having an alkyl, alkylaryl or allyl group or thio compounds thereof (v) Mono-, di- or triphosphonic acids containing a nitrogen atom Specific examples of this phosphoric acid compound include the following: . Examples of (i) include orthophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, mono- or diphosphoric acid esters of aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and orthophosphoric acid, or thio compounds thereof; Examples include phosphorous acid esters with the above alcohols or thio compounds thereof. An example of (ii) is 2-hydroxypropyl phosphate. For (iii), the general formula

[Formula] or

[Formula] Phosphonic acid represented by (R ₀ , R′ ₀ is an alkyl group, alkylaryl group, or allyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms), such as methylphosphonic acid having 1 carbon number, dimethylphosphonic acid to n having 8 carbon atoms -octylphosphonic acid, di-n-octylphosphonic acid, 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid, di-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid, benzylphosphonic acid, dibenzylphosphonic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, diphenylphosphonic acid, hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, and These thiophosphonic acids are exemplified. Hydroxyethanediphonic acid is a compound represented by the following formula. For (iv), the general formula

[Formula] or

Phosphinic acid represented by the formula (R ₀ , R′ ₀ are the same as above), such as methylphosphinic acid with 1 carbon number, dimethylphosphinic acid, n-octylphosphinic acid with 8 carbon atoms, di-n- Octylphosphinic acid, 2-ethylhexylphosphinic acid, di-2-ethylhexylphosphinic acid, benzylphosphinic acid, dibenzylphosphinic acid, phenylphosphinic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, and these thiophosphinic acids Illustrated. Examples of (v) include tetramethylphosphoric diamide, dimethylphosphoric monoamide, and nitrilotrismethylenephosphonic acid. Nitrilotrismethylenephosphonic acid is a compound represented by the following formula. Furthermore, as the water-soluble rust and corrosion inhibitor of component (b), inorganic compounds such as chromates, nitrites, molybutates, tungstates, and polymerized phosphates,
Monoamines, diamines, amides alone or their ethoxyl compounds, monobasic acid salts,
Examples include dibasic acid salts, naphthenic acid salts, various salts exemplified as the above-mentioned inorganic compounds, alkali salts of amino acids, imidazoline derivatives, quaternary ammonium salts, organic compounds such as mercaptobenzotriazole, and the like. The water-soluble metalworking lubricant composition of the present invention includes:
It is prepared by mixing components (a) and (b) or by adding water to form an aqueous solution. Furthermore, in addition to the above ingredients, various known additives may be added as necessary.
For example, antioxidants such as phenols such as 2,4-di-t-butyl P-cresol, and aromatic amines such as phenyl-α-naphthylamine; Viscous agent; lauric acid,
Water-soluble oiliness improvers such as metal salts of carboxylic acids such as palmitic acid and stearic acid, amine salts, and sorbitan derivatives may also be added. These various additives can be added at a rate of 0 to 10% of the total amount of the water-soluble metal processing lubricant composition, if necessary. Depending on the purpose, sulfur with an unpaired electron pair,
Sulfur compounds, such as elemental sulfur, sulfites, aliphatic,
Mercaptans having alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, sulfides (including thiophenes), or polysulfides such as di- and tri-sulfides can be added in an amount of 1.2 to 4% to the total composition. Furthermore, known surfactants may be used to stabilize the composition.
It may be added in an amount of 20% or less based on component (a). Although the mechanism of action of the water-soluble metalworking lubricant composition according to the present invention on lubricity has not been completely elucidated, it is thought to be roughly as follows. In other words, when an aqueous solution containing the composition is supplied to the metal processing section during processing, the amines, component (a) in the composition, are absorbed by the metal due to the strong adsorption effect of the group derived from the nitrogen atom on the metal surface. A strong adsorption film of these compounds is formed in the processed area, and at the same time, the counterion phosphoric acid compound or boric acid forming the salt or quaternary ammonium salt is adsorbed or reacted with the metal. It is believed that even under severe lubrication conditions, the adsorption film and the counterion film exhibit sufficient lubricating ability even in metal-to-metal contact conditions. The water-soluble metalworking lubricant composition of the present invention includes:
100,000 to 500,000 ppm, diluted with water as needed,
It is preferably used at a concentration of 1,000 to 50,000 ppm. The aqueous solution of the water-soluble lubricant composition for metal processing of the present invention can be supplied to the processing section by spraying or dipping. In this case, the aqueous solution of the composition can be reused because it does not show any deterioration in performance such as lubricity due to contamination with dirt, scum, etc. The water-soluble metalworking lubricant composition of the present invention thus obtained retains the high cooling effect of a lubricant applied in the form of an emulsion using water, while also having the following properties: It has characteristics. (1) Even if it does not contain oil-based liquid lubricants such as mineral oil, beef tallow, or fatty acids, it has a load capacity equal to or higher than conventional liquid lubricants in the form of an aqueous solution, making it an excellent product for metal processing. Provides lubricity. (2) Since it does not contain solid lubricants or oil-based liquid lubricants, the machined surface can be made beautiful. (3) The composition contains metal powder generated during metal processing,
Due to their strong adhesion to oil stains, these substances become hydrophilic and prevent redeposition, while
Since the water-soluble polymer compound has no surface activity, emulsification of oil stains is eliminated, and the surface of the workpiece and the surrounding area can be cleaned during processing. (4) Wastewater treatment is easy because it does not use emulsifiers, etc., which are found in oil-based liquid lubricants. (5) Since it uses an aqueous solution, it is safe in terms of disaster prevention. Therefore, if you want to use water for reasons such as focusing on cooling or preventing oil vapor, for example, for metal plastic processing, cutting,
It can be used more effectively in the field of grinding, etc., and can also be used in other machining fields that involve heat generation and heating, where general lubricants are used. In addition, due to its strong adhesion to metal powder and oil stains generated during metal processing, these substances become hydrophilic and have a re-adhesion prevention effect, making it possible to clean the surface of the workpiece and the surrounding area during processing. It was also effective. Next, an example will be given and explained. Amine compounds: (1) Phosphate of laurylamine (2) Etherphosphonate of coconut dimethylamine (3) Di-n-butyl hydrogen phosphite salt of diethylenetriamine (4) Propyl phosphinic acid of N-tallow alkylethylenediamine Salt (5) Quaternary ammonium salt of benzyldimethylamine with methylthiophosphoric acid (6) Di(2ethylhexyl) phosphate salt of N-coconut alkylpropylene diamine (7) Diethyl phosphate salt of N-coconut imidazoline (8) ) Oleylamine borate surfactants: (1) Polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (HLB=12.1) (2) Sorbitan monooleate/polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (HLB=16.7)
= 2/1 (weight ratio) (3) Oxyethylene oxypropylene block polymer (ethylene oxide accounts for 20% by weight in the total molecules and has a molecular weight of approximately 2250) (4) 5 moles of ethylene oxide in laurylamine what was added. Antioxidant: 2,4-di-t-butyl-P-cresol Extreme pressure agent: Triphenyl phosphite Emulsifier: Polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (HLB=7.6) Rust and corrosion inhibitor: (1) Lauric acid Butylamine salt (2) Sodium N-coconut alkyl-β-iminodipropionate (70 parts) and benzotriazole (30 parts)
(3) Sodium beef tallow alkenyl succinate Water-soluble oiliness improver: (1) Sodium salt of beef tallow fatty acid (2) Butylamine salt of polymeric acid of beef tallow fatty acid (polymer acid higher than dimer acid/trimer acid =
7/3)

[Table] Comparative product No. 1 Lubricating oil ingredients Beef tallow 95% Beef tallow fatty acid 2 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Comparative product No. 2 Lubricating oil ingredient Beef tallow 94% Beef tallow fatty acid 2 Extreme pressure agent 1 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Comparative product No. .3 Lubricating oil ingredients Mineral oil (cylinder oil) 77% Bentaerythritol tetraoleate 20 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Comparative product No. 4 Lubricating oil ingredients Mineral oil (cylinder oil) 76% Bentaerythritol tetraoleate 20 Extreme pressure agent 1 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Comparative product No. 5 Lubricating oil component Mineral oil (spindle oil) 72% Stearic acid octyl ester 20 Oleic acid 5 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Comparative product No. 6 Lubricating oil component Mineral oil (spindle oil) ) 71% Stearic acid octyl ester 20 Oleic acid 5 Extreme pressure agent 1 Emulsifier 2 Antioxidant 1 Example 1 Anti-seizure load test (Farex test method) The anti-seizure load was measured using ASTM standard D-3233 pressure load test (Farex test method). The test was conducted in accordance with the test. The test samples were prepared by diluting each metalworking lubricant composition with water to a predetermined concentration and stirring this with a homomixer at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm. In addition, as a comparative example, a 3% emulsion was made with water and stirred at 1000 rpm with a homomixer, and the test sample was obtained. To apply the test sample, spray the above stirred solution at a rate of 50 ml/min (pressure 0.5 Kg/cm ² ),
A gear pump was used at a solution temperature of 50°C, and the solution was applied to the rotating pin at the center of the fixed block. The results are shown in Table 2.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) One type of salt of an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic amine having 4 to 22 carbon atoms with acidic phosphoric acids or boric acid, or a quaternary ammonium salt with acidic phosphoric acids or boric acid. or two or more of them, and (b) a water-soluble metal processing lubricant composition, characterized in that it contains as essential components. 2. The metalworking lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the acidic phosphoric acids are any of the compounds represented by the following (i) to (v). (i) Phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid or thio or ester compounds thereof. (ii) 1 on an alkyl, alkylaryl or allyl group;
(iii) Mono- or diphosphonic acid esters having 1 to 8 hydroxyl groups, or thio compounds thereof; (iii) Mono- or diphosphonic acids having an alkyl, alkylaryl, or allyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or thio compounds thereof; (iv) thio compounds thereof, having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; 8. Mono- or di-phosphinic acids having an alkyl, alkylaryl or allyl group or thio compound thereof (v) Mono-, di- or triphosphonic acid containing a nitrogen atom 3. The amount of the water-soluble rust preventive/corrosion inhibitor is 0.5 to 0.5 of the total composition. 20
% by weight of the water-soluble metalworking lubricant composition according to claim 1.