JPH0251646B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0251646B2 JPH0251646B2 JP63090364A JP9036488A JPH0251646B2 JP H0251646 B2 JPH0251646 B2 JP H0251646B2 JP 63090364 A JP63090364 A JP 63090364A JP 9036488 A JP9036488 A JP 9036488A JP H0251646 B2 JPH0251646 B2 JP H0251646B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flow section
- section
- horizontal
- cleaning
- upward
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、過装置に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a filter device.
従来の過塔では通常、槽内底部に設けたグリ
ツドに玉砂利を敷きつめ、その上に砂、アンスラ
サイトなどの粒状材を充填した構造となつてい
る。
Conventional filter towers usually have a structure in which a grid installed at the bottom of the tank is filled with gravel, and the top is filled with granular material such as sand or anthracite.
また従来、浄化度の高い過水を得る場合に
は、塔高の高い過塔を使用して粒状材の充填
高さを高く設定したり、複数の過塔を直列に接
続した過装置が採用されている。 Conventionally, in order to obtain superwater with a high degree of purification, a high-height filtration tower was used to set the filling height of granular material high, or a filtration device with multiple filtration towers connected in series was used. has been done.
しかしながら、前記玉砂利は空隙率が大きいた
め、SSの捕捉作用は殆ど期待できず、またグリ
ツド部も玉砂利の支持に使用されているにすぎ
ず、これらはSSの過にとつて空間的にも経済
的にも極めて無駄な部分となつていた。
However, since the gravel has a large porosity, it cannot be expected to have much of a trapping effect on SS, and the grid section is only used to support the gravel, which is not economically viable in terms of space and space. It turned out to be an extremely wasteful part.
また、上記のように粒状材層を高く設定する
と材層の逆流洗浄を全層に亘つて均等に、かつ
短時間に行うのが難しくなるという問題点があつ
た。 Further, when the granular material layer is set high as described above, there is a problem in that it becomes difficult to perform backwashing of the material layer uniformly over the entire layer in a short period of time.
本発明は、Ｕ字型あるいは字型の槽体内に粒
状材を充填して玉砂利部、グリツド部という
過機能に直接関与しない部分を省略した構造簡単
な過装置となすと共に、過塔を２塔直列に接
続した過装置と同等の過機能を有し、材層
の逆流洗浄も簡便、的確に行える過装置を提供
することを目的とするものである。 The present invention provides a filtering device with a simple structure in which granular material is filled in a U-shaped or character-shaped tank body, omitting parts such as a gravel section and a grid section that are not directly involved in over-functioning, and a filtering tower is constructed with two towers. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter device which has the same functionality as the filter devices connected in series and which can also perform backwashing of material layers simply and accurately.
本発明は、Ｕ字型あるいは字型の槽体内に粒
状材を充填して該材層内を原水が順次下向
流、水平流、上向流で通水される如く構成すると
共に、前記下向流部の粒状材及び上向流部の粒
状材を直接前記水平流部の粒状材により支持
し、さらに材の洗浄機構として下向流部、上向
流部を上向流で洗浄するための洗浄用ノズルをそ
れぞれ別個に水平流部内に配備したことを特徴と
する過装置である。
The present invention is configured such that a U-shaped or a tank body is filled with granular material so that raw water is sequentially passed through the material layer in a downward flow, a horizontal flow, and an upward flow. The granular material in the counter-flow section and the granular material in the up-flow section are directly supported by the granular material in the horizontal flow section, and the material cleaning mechanism is to wash the downward-flow section and the up-flow section with the upward flow. This cleaning device is characterized in that cleaning nozzles are separately arranged in a horizontal flow section.
次に本発明の実施例について第１図に基づき説
明すると、Ｕ字型の槽１３内底部に材層として
水平流部（水平流過部）ＢがＵ字型に形成さ
れ、その上部に接して材層として下向流部（下
向流過部）Ａ及び上向流部（上向流過部）Ｃ
が形成され、前記水平流部Ｂ内にこれら下向流部
Ａ、上向流部Ｃの材を上向流で洗浄するための
洗浄ノズル３1，３2が別個に、すなわち上記各部
の材を別個の条件で洗浄しうるように配設され
ている。なお図中、１は原水流入管、２は過水
流出管、４は過排水流出管、５は過水貯槽、
６は洗浄用水供給管、８はブロワ、９はポンプ、
１０及び１１はガス抜き管、１０1，１１1，１４
〜２０は弁である。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 1. A U-shaped horizontal flow section (horizontal flow section) B is formed as a material layer at the inner bottom of the U-shaped tank 13, and is in contact with the upper part of the horizontal flow section B. The material layers are a downward flow section (downward flow section) A and an upward flow section (upward flow section) C.
are formed in the horizontal flow section B, and cleaning nozzles 3 1 and 3 2 for cleaning the materials of the downward flow section A and the upward flow section C in an upward flow are installed separately, that is, for cleaning the materials of the above-mentioned respective sections. are arranged so that they can be washed under separate conditions. In the figure, 1 is the raw water inflow pipe, 2 is the overwater outflow pipe, 4 is the overwater outflow pipe, 5 is the overwater storage tank,
6 is a cleaning water supply pipe, 8 is a blower, 9 is a pump,
10 and 11 are gas vent pipes, 10 1 , 11 1 , 14
~20 is a valve.
しかして、SSを含有する原水は下向流部Ａ、
水平流部Ｂ、上向流部Ｃの順に通過して過され
るが、槽１３内には玉砂利もグリツドも無いので
槽１３全体を過に利用することができる。 Therefore, the raw water containing SS is in the downward flow part A,
Although the water passes through the horizontal flow section B and the upward flow section C in this order, the tank 13 has no gravel or grit, so the entire tank 13 can be utilized to excess.
逆洗は、過水貯槽５内の過水及び／又は空
気７を洗浄用ノズル３1及び／又は３2から噴出し
て行われ、洗浄排水は洗浄排水流出管４から槽１
３外に排出される。 Backwashing is performed by blowing out excess water and/or air 7 in the excess water storage tank 5 from the cleaning nozzle 3 1 and/or 3 2 , and the cleaning wastewater is discharged from the cleaning wastewater outflow pipe 4 to the tank 1
3 It is discharged outside.
この場合、下向流部Ａと水平流部Ｂ、又は水平
流部Ｂと上向流部Ｃについての洗浄強度、洗浄頻
度が異なる場合を考慮して、それぞれ別個に洗浄
ノズル３1，３2を水平流部Ｂに設けてあるので、
弁１４，１５の開度を適宜に調節することによ
り、各部について好ましい条件下で洗浄すること
ができる。 In this case, considering the case where the cleaning intensity and cleaning frequency for the downward flow section A and the horizontal flow section B or the horizontal flow section B and the upward flow section C are different, the cleaning nozzles 3 1 and 3 2 are installed separately, respectively. is provided in the horizontal flow section B, so
By appropriately adjusting the opening degrees of the valves 14 and 15, each part can be cleaned under favorable conditions.
前記材は、その粒径及び密度を前記下向流部
Ａ、水平流部Ｂ、上向流部Ｃの間で同一としても
よく、これら各部間で粒径を異ならしめると共に
密度を同一としてもよく、またこれらのいずれか
少なくとも一つにおいて被処理水の通水方向に沿
つて無段階的に縮小せしめてもよいが、SSの捕
捉率、除去率を向上するために上記各部内ではほ
ぼ均一にすると共に粒径の大小関係をＡ部＞Ｂ部
≧Ｃ部とするか、又はＡ部≧Ｂ部＞Ｃ部とするこ
とが望ましい。 The material may have the same particle size and density in the downward flow section A, horizontal flow section B, and upward flow section C, or may have different particle sizes and the same density among these sections. It is also possible to reduce the size steplessly in at least one of these parts along the flow direction of the water to be treated, but in order to improve the SS capture rate and removal rate, it is possible to reduce the size almost uniformly within each of the above parts. In addition, it is desirable that the size relationship of particle diameters is set to A part > B part ≧ C part, or A part ≧ B part > C part.
また、水平流部Ｂの材が材層の上向流洗浄
時に他部の材と混合しないように、その密度を
下向流部Ａの密度、上向流部Ｃの密度のいずれよ
りも大きくしておくことが望ましい。但し、水平
流部Ｂと上向流部Ｃ（又は下向流部Ａ）の材の
密度差が小さい場合には、洗浄時に上向流部Ｃ
（又は下向流部Ａ）の材と水平流部Ｂの材が
混合することがあるので、このような場合には水
平流部Ｂと上向流部Ｃ（又は下向流部Ａ）の材
粒径比（水平流部Ｂ／上向流部Ｃ（又は下向流部
Ａ））が1.3以上になるように材を選定すること
が好ましい。 In addition, in order to prevent the material in the horizontal flow section B from mixing with materials in other parts during upward flow cleaning of the material layer, its density is set to be higher than both the density in the downward flow section A and the density in the upward flow section C. It is desirable to keep it. However, if the difference in density between the materials in the horizontal flow section B and the upward flow section C (or downward flow section A) is small, the upward flow section C may be used during cleaning.
(or downward flow section A) and horizontal flow section B may mix, so in such a case, the horizontal flow section B and upward flow section C (or downward flow section A) may be mixed. It is preferable to select the material so that the material particle size ratio (horizontal flow section B/upward flow section C (or downward flow section A)) is 1.3 or more.
（実験例）
次に本発明の実験例として、し尿の10倍希釈活
性汚泥処理水を原水として通水した例を述べる。
実験装置は第２図に示す（１２は圧力計）とおり
で、材として下向流部Ａにはアンスラサイト
（粒径1.5mm、密度1.40ｇ／cm3）、水平流部Ｂには
ガーネツト（粒径0.60mm、密度3.83ｇ／cm3）、上
向流部Ｃには硅砂（粒径0.46mm、密度2.65ｇ／
cm3）を用い、本発明装置と上記材を用いた従来
の下向流式の複層過装置との比較を行つた。な
お第２図中、第１図に記載の符号と同一の符号を
付したものは、第１図のものと同一の機能を有す
る部材等であることを示す。(Experimental Example) Next, as an experimental example of the present invention, an example will be described in which activated sludge treated water diluted 10 times with night soil was passed through as raw water.
The experimental equipment is as shown in Figure 2 (12 is a pressure gauge), and the materials used are anthracite (particle size 1.5 mm, density 1.40 g/cm 3 ) in the downward flow section A, and garnet (grain size 1.5 mm, density 1.40 g/cm 3 ) in the horizontal flow section B. silica sand (particle size 0.46 mm, density 2.65 g/cm 3 ) in the upflow section C.
cm 3 ), a comparison was made between the device of the present invention and a conventional downward flow multi-layer filter device using the above material. In FIG. 2, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 indicate members having the same functions as those shown in FIG.
材充填量はいずれもアンスラサイト400ml、
ガーネツト600ml、硅砂40mlであり、過塔とし
て用いたカラムは内径50mmの透明アクリル製であ
る。なお、従来装置では過塔底部からグリツド
上に玉砂利、硅砂、ガーネツト、アンスラサイト
の順に材を充填した。また、通水速度は12m／
ｈとした。結果を第３図に示す。 The material filling amount is 400ml of anthracite.
The contents were 600 ml of garnet and 40 ml of silica sand, and the column used as a filter was made of transparent acrylic with an inner diameter of 50 mm. In the conventional equipment, materials were filled in the order of gravel, silica sand, garnet, and anthracite onto the grid from the bottom of the tower. In addition, the water flow speed is 12m/
It was set as h. The results are shown in Figure 3.
第３図は原水のSS濃度と、圧力損失が200mm
Hgに達するまでのSS捕捉量及びSS除去率との関
係を示し、黒丸は本発明装置、白丸は従来装置に
より得られた値である。この図からSS捕捉量、
SS除去率とも本発明装置が優れていることがわ
かる。また、従来装置では洗浄（逆洗）後硅砂と
ガーネツトが混合したが、本発明装置では混合す
ることがなかつた。 Figure 3 shows the SS concentration of raw water and the pressure drop of 200mm.
The relationship between the amount of SS captured until Hg is reached and the SS removal rate is shown, black circles are values obtained with the device of the present invention, and white circles are values obtained with the conventional device. From this figure, the amount of SS captured,
It can be seen that the apparatus of the present invention is superior in terms of SS removal rate. Further, in the conventional device, silica sand and garnet were mixed after cleaning (backwashing), but in the device of the present invention, they were not mixed.
しかして、本発明においては、前記実験装置
（第２図）に示すように、過水流出管２の吐出
口は低部に配備してサイホン機能を付与すれば原
水注入時の圧損を軽減することができ、この場
合、サイホンが切れないように吐出口は水封し、
硅砂を充填した塔（上向流部Ｃの上方）は密閉式
にするとよい。 Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in the experimental apparatus (Fig. 2), the discharge port of the excess water outflow pipe 2 is placed at the lower part and a siphon function is provided to reduce the pressure drop when raw water is injected. In this case, the discharge port should be sealed with water to prevent the siphon from breaking.
The column filled with silica sand (above the upward flow section C) is preferably of a closed type.
第１図例において水平流部ＢがＵ字部に極端に
接近していると下向流部Ａからの過水が上向流
部Ｃに短絡してSSの捕捉量が減少するので、水
平流部Ｂに充填する材層を増加して短絡を防止
すればよいが、望ましくは第４図のように水平流
部Ｂの垂直部と水平部の長さの比（垂直／水平）
は0.8以上にするのが好ましい。 In the example in Figure 1, if the horizontal flow section B is extremely close to the U-shaped section, excess water from the downward flow section A will short-circuit to the upward flow section C and the amount of SS captured will decrease. The short circuit can be prevented by increasing the material layer filled in the flow section B, but it is preferable to increase the length ratio (vertical/horizontal) of the vertical and horizontal sections of the horizontal flow section B as shown in Figure 4.
is preferably 0.8 or more.
また、第１図例では３層過の場合を示した
が、粒径の異なる同一種の材を用いても同様の
効果を得ることができる。例えば、下向流部Ａ及
び水平流部Ｂに粒径１mmの硅砂、上向流部Ｃに
0.46mmの硅砂を充填したり、下向流部Ａに粒径１
mmの硅砂、水平流部Ｂ及び上向流部Ｃに0.46mmの
硅砂を充填してもよい。 Further, although the example in FIG. 1 shows the case of three layers, the same effect can be obtained even if the same type of materials with different particle sizes are used. For example, silica sand with a grain size of 1 mm is placed in the downward flow section A and the horizontal flow section B, and the upstream flow section C is
Filled with silica sand of 0.46 mm, or filled with grain size 1 in the downward flow section A.
The horizontal flow section B and the upward flow section C may be filled with 0.46 mm of silica sand.
以上述べたように本発明では、過塔の構造が
極めて簡単となり、過塔全体を過作用に有効
利用できて過性能が優れたものとなり、下向流
部、上向流部の材を別個に、かつ適宜の条件で
効率良く上向流洗浄することができるなど、多大
の利益が得られるものである。
As described above, in the present invention, the structure of the overflow column is extremely simple, the entire overflow column can be effectively used for overaction, and the overflow performance is excellent. This provides many benefits, such as being able to perform upward flow cleaning efficiently and under appropriate conditions.
第１図は本発明の実施例を示す断面図、第２図
は本発明の実験例の装置を示す断面図、第３図は
該実験例の結果を示すグラフ、第４図は水平流部
の垂直部と水平部の長さの比についての説明図で
ある。
１……原水流入管、２……過水流出管、３1，
３2……洗浄ノズル、４……洗浄排水流出管、５
……過水貯槽、６……洗浄用水供給管、７……
空気、８……ブロワ、９……ポンプ、１０，１１
……ガス抜き管、１０1，１１1……弁、１２……
圧力計、１３……槽、１４〜２０……弁、Ａ……
下向流部、Ｂ……水平流部、Ｃ……上向流部。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the apparatus of an experimental example of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of the experimental example, and Fig. 4 is a horizontal flow section. It is an explanatory view about the ratio of the length of the vertical part and the horizontal part. 1... Raw water inflow pipe, 2... Overwater outflow pipe, 3 1 ,
3 2 ...Cleaning nozzle, 4...Cleaning wastewater outflow pipe, 5
...Overwater storage tank, 6...Washing water supply pipe, 7...
Air, 8... Blower, 9... Pump, 10, 11
... Gas vent pipe, 10 1 , 11 1 ... Valve, 12 ...
Pressure gauge, 13...tank, 14-20...valve, A...
Downward flow section, B...Horizontal flow section, C...Upward flow section.
Claims (1)
充填して該材層内を原水が順次下向流、水平
流、上向流で通水される如く構成すると共に、前
記下向流部の粒状材及び上向流部の粒状材を
直接前記水平流部の粒状材により支持し、さら
に材の洗浄機構として下向流部、上向流部を上
向流で洗浄するための洗浄用ノズルをそれぞれ別
個に水平流部内に配備したことを特徴とする過
装置。1 A U-shaped or character-shaped tank body is filled with granular material so that raw water is sequentially passed through the material layer in a downward flow, a horizontal flow, and an upward flow, and the downward flow section The granular material in the upward flow section and the granular material in the upward flow section are directly supported by the granule material in the horizontal flow section, and the material cleaning mechanism is for cleaning the downward flow section and the upward flow section with the upward flow. A flow device characterized in that nozzles are each arranged separately in a horizontal flow section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63090364A JPS63291609A (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | Filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63090364A JPS63291609A (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | Filter |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56132162A Division JPS5836608A (en) | 1981-08-25 | 1981-08-25 | Filtering device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63291609A JPS63291609A (en) | 1988-11-29 |
| JPH0251646B2 true JPH0251646B2 (en) | 1990-11-08 |
Family
ID=13996486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63090364A Granted JPS63291609A (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | Filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63291609A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4959112B2 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2012-06-20 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| JP4886968B2 (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2012-02-29 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| JP2016185522A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-10-27 | 株式会社クボタ | Water treatment apparatus and water treatment method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5836608A (en) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-03-03 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Filtering device |
-
1988
- 1988-04-14 JP JP63090364A patent/JPS63291609A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5836608A (en) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-03-03 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Filtering device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63291609A (en) | 1988-11-29 |
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