JPH02504218A - Backup electrical system for lamps - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Backup electrical system for lamps field of invention TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to lamp backup systems, and more particularly to ballast power lamp backup systems. Regarding the backup system.

prior art Normal lighting is provided by fluorescent lamps and normal electricity is a commercial utility power source. Prior art attempts to provide emergency or backup lighting when alternating current from It has been done in the art.

An example of such an attempt is Feldsteln, US Pat. No. 4. No. 454.452 (1984) and Davis U.S. Pat. 486.6g No. 9 (1984). Both of these references are common It teaches the use of emergency lamps, which are difficult to obtain, in place of flashlights, and Most parts of the lamp tube are equipped with a battery package and electrical sensing and switch. a portion of the lamp tube that is occupied by built-in parts such as the fitting assembly, and therefore only a lamp of small dimensions or a series of even smaller lamps with a consequent reduction in illumination power. It stores items.

These emergency lamps may also energize one or more commonly used lamps. to eliminate normal ballast that can burn out (i.e. emergency or standby The lamp does not have its own standby ballast).

Therefore, using standard size ballast-energized lamps that are easy to obtain and Demand and market for an emergency or standby lighting system that substantially eliminates the shortcomings of the prior art exists.

Backup lighting system for ballast-energized lamps using standard commercial lamps is being developed. As used herein, "ballast energized" lamps are fluorescent lamp, mercury lamp or high pressure sodium lamp.

Summary of the invention During normal operating conditions, the present invention provides Backup power supply for two or more fluorescent lamps with several lamps lit power system. If AC power is not supplied, the internal battery Only one lamp is lit by the driven high frequency DC/AC inverter.

A high frequency inverter can operate one lamp with high efficiency, thereby Extends battery life and reduces heat generation that can damage the internal battery.

In one embodiment of the invention, the AC Powering one or more lamps with line current. AC line current is present This separate lamp is used to energize another lamp by the alternating current line current. The lamp is connected to the ballast via a relay contact. AC line current Once removed, the relay degausses the lamp and allows the lamp to be placed into the lamp assembly. connected to a DC/ACC/type controller powered by a low-current DC battery. .

In another embodiment of the invention, standard AC line The ballast drives one or more fluorescent lamps. However, on the other hand 'emergency' lamps are activated by high frequency alternating current line current from DC/ACC/ The DC/ACC/type motor is driven by a low voltage powered by the alternating current. Powered by power supply. AC line voltage detection when AC line current is disconnected The inverter connects the low voltage internal battery to the DC/ACC/ continues to energize the emergency fluorescent lights.

Furthermore, in a third embodiment, these lamps are all DC/ACC/type-type. It is driven by high-frequency alternating current. These inverters are Powered by a low voltage rectified power supply that operates off voltage. Same as the previous example During an emergency condition, the line voltage detector energizes one lamp, so D Connect the internal battery to one of the C/ACC/type controllers.

Brief description of the drawing The invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a fluorescent lamp having an AC power source and a backup DC power source implementing the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a backup power system for

Figure 2 shows the structure of a backup power system for fluorescent lamps as shown in Figure 1. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the physical layout of the components.

Figure 3 shows that one fluorescent lamp is energized by a standard AC line ballast while a second A two-lamp embodiment of the present invention in which the fluorescent lamps are energized from a DC/ACC/type controller. FIG.

Figure 4 shows the present invention in which both of the two fluorescent lamps are energized by DC/ACC/type controllers. FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of an embodiment in which two lamps are used.

FIG. 5 illustrates the DC power supply and wall switch controls used in certain embodiments of the invention. FIG. 3 is a more detailed electrical schematic diagram of the control device;

FIG. 6 illustrates the battery charging circuit and line used in certain embodiments of the invention. FIG. 2 is a more detailed electrical schematic diagram of the on-voltage detector.

detailed description To explain in more detail based on the drawings, as shown in FIG. 10 includes a pair of circular fluorescent lamps, the outer circular lamp 12 being 32 watts. and the inner circular lamp 14 is 8 watts. As shown in Figure 1, A typical ballast 16 is energized by 115 volts alternating current to connect these two circles. DC/AC inverter 18 drives the 115 volt alternating voltage. The inner circular lamp 14 is energized during cutting.

DC/ACC/Formula 18 is a conventionally known converter that converts low voltage DC power into AC power. It is a device. This is one transistor or two transistor blocking That is, it may consist of a relaxation oscillator or other similar oscillator circuit. This oscillator circuit is It operates from a voltage DC power source and drives a step-up transformer, which reduces Boosting the voltage to a higher voltage value suitable for driving fluorescent lamps. This oscillation frequency is relatively high (15-30kHz), and this high frequency makes these fluorescent lamps It works efficiently, which reduces heat generation.

More specifically, this circuit is connected as follows. As shown in Figure 1 As such, 115 volts AC from the power supply 11 is supplied to a conventional ballast 16, Ballast 16 outputs signals on conductors 20, 22, 24 and 26 to light the circular lamp. Switches 28 and 30 and conductors 32 and 3 which are illuminated but normally closed. 4, and the inner circular lamp 14 is turned on. As shown in Figure 1 At the same time, 115 volts AC is supplied to trickle charger 36 and monitor light 1 3, a 12 volt DC is applied to the charging backup battery 38 as shown by supply Charger 36 is connected to the bridge diode as shown in FIG. Contains a transformer.

When the 115 volt AC power is interrupted, coil relays 40 and 42 are deenergized and conductive. Normally closed switches 28 and 30 are open, and normally open switch 4 4.46.48 and 50 are closed, and at this time the battery 38 connects 12 volts DC to D. The inverter 18 sends the high frequency AC signal to the conductor 52. ．． 54. Output to 32 and 34, thereby lighting the circular lamp 14, and the number Provides battery energized backup lamps over time.

When power is restored, relay coils 40 and 42 are activated again, as shown in FIG. and energizes the normally closed switches 28 and 30 to close and normally close the switches 28 and 30. switches 44, 48, 48 and 50 are open and the two circular lamps 14 and 12 are energized with a typically 115 volt alternating current power supply, while the DC/AC inverter 1 8 is disconnected and the AC household current is simulated and the battery 38 is connected to D. A circle connected to the C/AC inverter 18 and waiting for the DC/AC inverter 18. Similarly, in order to connect lamp 14 and light such lamp in test form, Test push button of 20 and 22 and relay switch 2g, 30.4 4.46.48 and 50 coil conductors can be connected.

Therefore, in the case of Figure 1, if the current source, that is, the household electric current is interrupted, the outside The circular lamp goes out and the inner circular lamp continues to be lit by battery power for several hours. Emergency lighting will be provided throughout the area.

The backup power system of the present invention can be linear or circular, as desired. Applies to one or more lamps.

That is, by removing the circular lamp 12 from the circular embodiment shown in FIG. Use the 8 watt circular lamp shown in or with different wattage lamps as desired. This can be done by replacing one lamp with a circular or straight lamp with a number of cuts. It can be used in Examples.

However, there may be two or more backup power systems implementing the present invention. It is preferable to use a lamp of

This backup or standby lamp can have any desired wattage. . However, when the wattage decreases, when the light is powered by a 12 volt battery, You can make the interval longer.

For example, a 32 watt lamp powered by such a battery will last about an hour and a half. However, an 8 watt lamp will last about 4 hours with such a battery. It stays lit.

The backup power system of the present invention can be used with various types of lamps, such as mercury lamps and Can light high pressure sodium lamps. The only thing required for such various circuits is Two changes have been made in the ratings of components used in the power system of the present invention. For example, ballasts for fluorescent lamps have different ratings from those for mercury lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps. are different and can be replaced accordingly, e.g. Each of the circuits of the present invention as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, a backup power system embodying the present invention can be used in accordance with the present invention. Can be used with a shutoff timer or manual switch, but with standby circuits and lamps Such a timer or manual switch turns off the lamp to prevent false triggering. In this case, supply constant AC power to each relay coil and charger. Only if you do.

An example of a compact arrangement of an embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. Thus, The backup lamp system housing 100 is constructed as shown in FIG. , a conventional ballast 102, such as a 32 watt circular lamp 104 and a line AC power supply. It supports a push button switch 105 for pressure testing. In addition, housing 10 0 is battery charger ioe, bar, tf'J 10B, N10 (/- Maruoven) relay switch 109, DC/AC inverter 110° and example supports an 8 watt circular lamp 112.

In this way, the compact unit of the backup lamp system of the present invention is It can be easily installed in various rooms in buildings, including rooms without windows.

FIG. 3 shows two fluorescent lamps (schematically shown as lamps 400 and 402) in one The two attachments illustrate other embodiments of the invention disposed on the instrument. normal In operation, when AC line power is applied, both lamps are connected to AC line 404. is energized from. More specifically, the AC line 404 is connected to a conventional wall switch 406. The ballast 408 is connected to a standard AC line ballast 408 via a fluorescent lamp 4. Energize 00.

The AC line 404 also connects to the primary winding 412 of an isolation/step-down transformer 410. It is connected. Transformer 410 is tapped and consists of two parts 414 and 416 It has a secondary winding 418. Portion 414 is connected to a conventional low voltage DC power supply 420. Provides current power. Power supply 420 (shown in detail in FIG. 5) is illustratively simply It can consist of a pure bridge rectifier and filter circuit, or a voltage limiter of known design. may include a controller and a regulator. A typical DC power supply 420 includes: from winding 414 It accepts an alternating current voltage of approximately 15 to 20 volts and connects output lead 421 to a low voltage (e.g. e.g., 12 volts).

The DC voltage on lead 421 is supplied to wall switch sensing unit 422 . unit The switch 422 is connected in series to the wall switch 406 and to the AC line by a sensing lead 424. 404. When wall switch 406 closes, the AC line voltage is reset. appears on the voltage code 424 and this voltage is detected by the unit 422. unit 4 At this time, 22 connects the output of the DC power supply 420 to the inverter unit 424. Ru.

Inverter unit 424 may be a conventional oscillator and transformer circuit, as described above. This is a standard DC/AC inverter consisting of:

When DC power is supplied to such a circuit, the circuit oscillates at a high frequency and emits fluorescence. Generates a high frequency AC output at a voltage suitable for driving a light lamp. this high The frequency AC output is provided to a second fluorescent lamp 402.

In this way, during normal operation, lamp 401 passes through line ballast 408. The fluorescent lamp 402 is directly driven by the AC line 404 and is powered by the power source 420. It is driven by a DC/AC inverter 424 that receives DC power from the DC/AC inverter 424 . both la Since the lamp is on, the device produces maximum brightness.

Additionally, during a normal operating cycle, the second portion 41 of the secondary winding 418 of the transformer 410 6 is connected to a battery charging circuit 426. Circuit 42B is a low voltage trickle charge Contains a low voltage power supply that generates electrical current.

This circuit can be as simple as a bridge rectifier with output filtering. or a known regulation circuit may be included as necessary.

Conventional battery charging circuits also include current limiting and overcharge protection circuits. Example bag A battery charging circuit is shown in FIG. 7 and will be described below.

The output of this battery charging circuit is for small low voltage alkaline or gelatin cell batteries. Applies to. Such a battery is small enough to be installed completely within a fluorescent light installation. It is a type. However, this battery output voltage is Since the lamp 402 is converted into high frequency alternating current, even if it is a small battery, the lamp 402 Lamp 402 for at least 1 to 1.5 hours to operate efficiently in waves. is sufficient to drive.

The buffer output on lead 428 is provided to line voltage sensing circuit 430 . this The circuit (described in more detail in connection with diagram N6) is During normal conditions when running the battery output 428 from the input of the inverter circuit 424. Cut off. Circuit 430 connects the DC battery generated by battery charger 426. Check the condition of the AC line voltage by monitoring the recharging voltage.

Since battery charger 32B operates from AC line 404 via transformer 410, Hey, battery charged? The presence of ￥E＠ pressure indicates that AC line voltage is present.

During an emergency period, when AC line voltage (and therefore DC battery charging voltage) is removed, , line voltage sensing circuit 430 detects battery output 428 from internal battery 426. is connected to the inverter 424 via a lead 432. In this way, switch 26 drives an inverter in place of power supply 420. Then, the lamp 402 continues to be lit. Of course, it can be operated via standard line ballast 408. The lamp 400 does not light up in an emergency situation. Only one lamp is lit This reduces internal battery power drain and allows the lamp to run for a longer period of time. It is convenient because it can be lit. As previously mentioned, inverter circuit 424 is a high efficiency motor. Battery operation is further improved by the fact that the battery operates at high frequencies. .

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention which also includes two fluorescent lamps 500 and 502. It shows. The circuit of FIG. 4 is similar to the circuit shown in FIG. Corresponding parts are designated with similar numbers. As in the previous example, the The AC line voltage on flow line 504 is supplied to a primary winding 512 of transformer 510. . Secondary winding 518 is divided into two parts 514 and 516. Part 514 drives a low voltage power supply 520 and portion 516 connects to an internal battery 526. power the connected battery charger.

The output 521 of the low voltage power supply 520 is connected to the It is connected to the DC/ACC/formula controllers 524 and 525. In this way, During normal operation, the presence of AC line voltage causes the DC output from power supply 520 to Both converters 524 and 525 are driven to light lamps 500 and 502, respectively. Melt. This embodiment is unique in that no standard line ballast is used. This has advantages over the embodiment shown in FIG. Inverter 524 and 525 drives lamps 500 and 502 more efficiently than standard ballasts, thus This reduces the heat generated by the standard ballast. Excessive heat generation shortens battery life. Therefore, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 extends battery life.

As shown in FIG. 4, the internal 12 volt battery charging unit 526 The AC line voltage used for charging is detected by line voltage sensing circuit 530. will be monitored. During a state of emergency (as discussed in the examples above), The DC battery charging voltage on lead 531 disappears, which causes the line voltage sensing unit to The unit 530 connects the battery output of lead 528 to the inverter via lead 532. 525. Inverter 525 is therefore powered by the internal battery. As a result, the fluorescent lamp 502 is turned on. The fluorescent lamp 500 is powered by this battery. or DC power supply (disabled at this time due to lack of AC line voltage) No power is supplied from either of them, so the lamp 500 does not light up. bag This saves battery power.

Figure 5 shows a more detailed electrical diagram of a wall switch detector that utilizes an electro-optical isolator. A schematic diagram is shown. The parts of the circuit shown in Figure 5 are similar to those shown in Figures 3 and 4. are shown in block diagram form, and these parts are designated by like reference numerals in FIG. Directed. In detail, the DC power supply (designated as element 420 in the '83 diagram) (and shown as element 520 in FIG. 4) is connected to transformer 610 consists of a full wave bridge rectifier 640 driven by a secondary winding 614 of There is. The rectified DC output of bridge 640 is connected to capacitor 644, choke 646 and It is smoothed by a low pass filter consisting of resistor 648. The DC output of this circuit is Phototransistor held “off” by resistor 652 when no light is present is supplied to the star 650.

Phototransistor 650 is a light emitting diode controlled by wall switch 606. is driven by the card 654. More specifically, when wall switch 606 closes, AC line ti is rectified by resistor 660 and diode 658. This arrangement The current voltage is smoothed by a capacitor 656 and supplied to a light emitting diode 654. It will be done.

The light emitting diode 654 drives the transistor 650 and outputs the DC power supply 620. Connect the power to the DC/AC inverter shown in Figures 3 and 4. .

When wall switch 606 opens, current flows through diode 654 and the transistor Star 850 disconnects the DC power from these inverters.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the voltage generated by secondary winding 616 of transformer 610 is The voltage generated is transferred to the battery charging circuit via lead 642 and diode 643. supplied to

This battery charging circuit and line voltage monitor is shown in more detail in FIG. . In Figure 6, the battery charging voltage (via the diode shown in Figure 5) ) is filtered by capacitor 704 and supplied by resistor 706 It is supplied to battery 700 via diode 710 and resistor 712.

The battery 700 includes a resistor 714, a transistor 716, and a potentiometer 720. , and a Zener diode 718. protected from Zener diode 718 and potentiometer 720 are The base of transistor 716 is maintained at a predetermined potential relative to the battery potential. charging During operation, as the battery voltage increases, the potential at the base of transistor 716 will also rise. Transistor 716 thus becomes more conductive, thereby reducing the barrier. Charge current flows from the battery.

During normal operation, the battery charging voltage is also connected to transistor 7 through resistor 708. 02 base. The emitter of transistor 702 is connected to battery 700. It is connected. If the battery charging voltage is generally higher than the battery voltage and the Because transistor 702 is a PNP transistor, during normal operation the transistor transistor 702 is reverse biased such that transistor 702 is non-conducting. is maintained. As a result, battery 700 is not connected to outlet door 48.

Since transistor 702 is not conducting, the voltage on lead 748 is across resistors 734 and 7. 36 to the earth level. However, the charging voltage on lead 706 is , transistor 73 by a voltage divider consisting of resistors 738, 736 and 734. 00 base. The values of these resistors are such that transistor 730 is in its normal state. selected to be turned on in the current state.

During an emergency, the charging voltage on lead 706 is extinguished, which causes the transistor to 702 is turned on. When transistor 702 is turned on, battery 700 is recharged. connected to the board 748. The voltage on lead 748 consists of resistors 734 and 736. Transistor 730 is held "on" through a voltage divider. Tran turned on A resistor 730 connects the base of the transistor 702 to ground through a resistor 732. , and holds transistor 702 in the "on" state.

Transistor 740 is activated when the surroundings are bright enough that emergency lighting is not required. Optional photovoltaic circuit (via transistor 730) to turn off transistor 702 is installed. Specifically, the base potential of transistor 740 is 742, a photovoltaic cell 744, and a resistor 74B.

Typically, this potential is the battery voltage present on lead 748 during an emergency situation. Then, transistor 740 is adjusted to be non-conductive. however, As the ambient light intensity increases, the resistance of photocell 744 decreases and transistor 74 The potential of the base of 0 increases. Eventually, transistor 740 turns "on" , and effectively grounding the base of transistor 730. 30 is turned "off", removing the ground to the base of transistor 702. this Transistor 702 thus drains battery power when emergency lighting is not needed. To avoid wastage, the battery 700 is connected to an inverter circuit (not shown in FIG. 7). to be severed from the Capacitor 750 connects transistors 730 and 702 is turned off before transistor 740.

As before, the resistive voltage divider formed by resistors 734 and 736 The device also monitors the battery voltage and ensures that the output voltage on lead 748 is at a predetermined minimum voltage. falls below, cutting off transistor 702 via transistor 730. do. This latter action allows battery 700 to recharge after repeated recharges. protects against over-discharge, a condition that makes it difficult to discharge electricity.

In all of these embodiments, the battery that powers the emergency lighting is housed within the lighting device. It has the advantage of This device allows you to extend the equipment without rewiring. Changes become easier. In addition, the DC battery and charging circuit are separate from the AC line. This is necessary to meet electrical code requirements in many locations. It is a condition.

Jyoxi<No change in content) Procedural amendment (holi) September 6, 1990 Toshi Ueki, Commissioner of the Patent Office 2, Name of the invention Backup electrical system for lamps 3. Person who makes corrections Name: Bavco Manuf 7 Kuturing Company 4, Agent Address: Shin-Otemachi Building, 206-ku, 2-2-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 5. Date of amendment order: August 7, 1990 ■Date of sending) 6. Subject of amendment (1) Domestic document international search report stating the name of the applicant's representative international search report υ58800525 SA2ko190

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. For lighting installations that operate at least two lamps from an AC main line. A backup power system for all of the lamps from the main line. means for energizing the The low-voltage battery located in the above equipment draws power from the above AC main line. a battery charging circuit energized and connected to the battery; a battery charging circuit for generating a battery charging current to charge the battery; a DC/AC inverter connected to one of the lamps, and A hand that is connected to the above AC main line and that responds to the disappearance of AC main power. a step for disconnecting said one lamp from said AC main line; Connect the above battery to the above DC/AC inverter and turn on one of the above lamps. means to strengthen A backup power system comprising: 2. said energizing means energizes one or more lamps from said AC main line; 2. The bag of claim 1, further comprising an AC line ballast for energizing the bag. up power system. 3. The biasing means is driven from the AC main line to generate a DC output. Driving one of the lamps in the absence of DC power and AC mains voltage and means for connecting the DC output voltage to the inverter. The backup power system according to claim 2. 4. The disconnection means is a means for responding to the disappearance of the AC main power, A claim characterized in that it includes means for isolating the output from the DC/AC inverter. The backup power system according to claim 1. 5. The disconnecting means further comprises means responsive to extinction of the battery charging current; , the battery is connected to the DC/AC inverter to energize one of the lamps. 5. A backup device according to claim 4, further comprising means for connecting to a backup device. power system. 6. A means for responding to the above AC main power, when the AC main power is present. further comprising means for disconnecting the inverter from the one of the lamps. The backup power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: 7. The biasing means includes at least two DC/AC inverters, one of the means for connecting the lamps to one of said inverters and all remaining lamps to the other. 2. The backup system according to claim 1, further comprising means for connecting to an inverter. top power system. 8. Said energizing means further includes said AC main line for generating a DC output voltage. The above lamp is operated when there is a DC power source operating from the AC mains voltage and an AC mains voltage. including means for connecting the DC output voltage to all of the inverters in order to The backup power system according to claim 7, characterized in that: 9. The disconnection means is a means for responding to the disappearance of the AC main power, characterized in that it includes means for disconnecting the output from said DC/AC inverter. 9. The backup power system according to claim 8. 10. The disconnection means further comprises means responsive to extinction of the charging current, the disconnection means further comprising: Connecting the battery to one of the DC/AC inverters to energize one of the lamps The backup according to claim 9, characterized in that it includes means for connecting to the power system. 11. For backup power systems for lamps operated on alternating household current. There, an alternating current ballast connected to said alternating current household current, at least one first run; said AC household current such that said first lamp operates from said AC household current. at least one first lamp connected to the ballast, said AC domestic lamp; , two N/C contacts, connected to the first set of two N/O contacts and the second set of N/O contacts AC relay with a coil that is Electrically connected to the AC ballast in series with the N/C relay contact. at least one second lamp; a DC/AC inverter; The second lamp connected in series with the first set of N/O relay contacts is connected to the DC/ means for electrically connecting to the AC inverter; low voltage battery, the DC/AC inverter connected in series to the second set of N/O contacts; A means for connecting the battery to the battery, which is connected to the battery when the above-mentioned AC household current is present. said first lamp and said second lamp are both operated with said AC ballast and said When the AC household current disappears, the DC/AC inverter connects to the battery. said N/C contact is opened and connected to said second lamp, and said N/O contact is opened and connected to said second lamp. contacts are closed, thereby causing the second lamp to be energized by the battery; means to do so A backup power system comprising: 12. said AC household current is 115 volts AC and said battery is 12 volts AC; The backup power system according to claim 1, wherein the backup power system generates a power supply voltage. . 13. said AC household current is 115 volts AC and said battery is 12 volts AC; 12. The backup power system according to claim 11, wherein the backup power system generates a power supply voltage. Mu. 14. the lamp is a fluorescent lamp, and the first lamp is rated at 8 watts, and 12. The second lamp of claim 11, wherein the second lamp is rated at 32 watts. Backup power system. 15. The lamp is characterized in that it has a round or straight tubular shape. 14. The backup power system according to claim 13. 16. characterized in that the above battery has a pilot light attached to it; 15. The backup power system according to claim 14. 17. Is the above lamp a group consisting of fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps, and high-pressure sodium lamps? 12. The backup power source according to claim 11, wherein the backup power source is a lamp selected from system. 18. AC household current and the above battery to give a DC charge to the above battery 12. The backup battery according to claim 11, wherein a battery charger is connected to the battery charger. top power system.