JPH0250250B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an excavator having a plurality of auger shafts and drilling a plurality of consecutive holes at once in foundation work and the like.

[Prior art and its problems] Conventionally, an excavator like the one shown in Fig. 4 has been used to drill a plurality of consecutive holes at once. like,
A plurality of auger shafts a corresponding to the number of holes to be drilled at one time are each directly suspended from a drive device b,
Each of the auger shafts a suspended in this manner is rotated by a drive device b to drill a plurality of continuous holes in the ground c.

However, in such conventional excavators,
Since the long auger shafts a are suspended directly from the drive device b, when drilling in places where the ground conditions change, the auger shafts a may move to the weaker side of the ground due to changes in the ground or the presence of obstacles. There was a problem in that the direction of each auger shaft a shifted as the excavation proceeded, making it impossible to excavate a perpendicular hole in an accurate position. In addition, even when forming a long continuous hole wall in the horizontal direction, if a new continuous hole is drilled so as to be continuous with the previously drilled continuous hole, each auger shaft a
The hole tilts toward the previously drilled hole, making it difficult to form a long, continuous hole wall in the horizontal direction.For this reason, when forming such a hole wall, it is necessary to A problem arises in that it is necessary to carry out the troublesome double digging process of inserting at least one auger shaft a while digging a new hole using the remaining auger shaft a, resulting in a significant drop in work efficiency.

In addition, in the case of such an excavator, the number of long auger shafts a corresponding to the number of holes is used, so the materials and maintenance costs required for manufacturing the excavator are high, and the weight of the entire excavator is also very large. This makes handling the excavator extremely difficult, and there is also the problem that the center of gravity of the excavator as a whole becomes high, making it less stable.

Furthermore, when excavating a corner with such an excavator, in order to change the alignment direction of the auger shafts a, the leader itself that moves them up and down must be rotated, or the crawler crane that holds them must be moved. This made it extremely difficult to excavate the corners.

These problems became more serious as the number of auger shafts a hanging down from the drive device b increased.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it significantly improves the vertical holding performance of the auger shaft when drilling a plurality of consecutive holes, making it possible to drill holes in accurate positions and continuously. It is possible to excavate, and the amount of material used for the auger shaft etc. is also reduced, which reduces manufacturing costs, and the overall weight is lighter, making it easier to handle.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an excavator that can easily change direction when excavating a corner portion.

[Means for solving the problems] An excavator according to the present invention has a crawler crane 1.
A drive device 10 is attached to a leader 2 which is held perpendicularly to the ground by means such as a leader 2 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and two or more casing pipes 13 are hung side by side from this drive device 10 at a required interval. Further, a rotating shaft 14 rotated by the drive device 10 is inserted into each of these casing pipes 13. A branch box 15 is disposed horizontally at the lower ends of these casing pipes 13 so as to bridge between these lower ends, and a number of auger shafts are arranged downwardly from the branch box 15 than the casing pipe 10. 20 is suspended, and a plurality of stirring shafts 30 extend upward from this branch box 15. Further, a rotation transmission mechanism 40 is provided in this branch box 15, and the rotation of the rotation shaft 14 by the drive device 10 is transmitted to each auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30 by this rotation transmission mechanism 40. It's becoming like that.

Further, when the drive device 10 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the leader 2, and the drive device 10 is rotated,
Along with this, the casing pipe 13 and the branch box 1
It is desirable that the auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30 extending from the branch box 15 are arranged in different directions by rotating the auger shaft 20 and the stirring shaft 30.

[Function] As described above, in the excavator according to the present invention, two or more casing pipes 13 are connected at a required interval from the drive device 10 that moves up and down along the leader 2.
The branch box 15 is arranged horizontally so as to hang down in line between the lower ends of these casing pipes 13, and each auger shaft 20 is suspended downward from this branch box 15. The length of the auger shaft 20 is significantly shorter than if the shaft 20 were suspended directly from the drive device 10.

When drilling a plurality of consecutive holes in the ground with such an excavator, the drive device 10
is moved downward along the leader 2, and the rotating shaft 14 inserted into each casing pipe 13 is rotated by the drive device 10, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 is controlled by a rotating shaft provided in the branch box 15. A transmission mechanism 40 transmits the signal to each short auger shaft 20 hanging from the branch box 15, and rotates these auger shafts 20 to excavate a plurality of continuous holes in the ground. In this case, since the length of each auger shaft 20 that excavates the ground is short, the direction of each auger shaft 20 does not deviate greatly, and the branch boxes 15 suspended from these auger shafts 20 also have two or more branches. Casing pipe 13
Since the auger shafts 20 are held horizontally, the verticality of each auger shaft 20 is further improved.

Further, in this excavator, a plurality of stirring shafts 30 are extended upward from the branch box 15, and these stirring shafts 30 rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 in the same way as the auger shaft 20 described above. Inside the hole, the excavated earth and sand and the cement milk squirted from the excavator are sufficiently stirred.

Further, in an excavator in which the drive device 10 is rotatably provided with respect to the leader 2, when the drive device 10 is rotated, the casing pipe 13 and the branch box 15 are rotated accordingly. 15
Auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30 extended further
Even when excavating a corner part where the arrangement direction of the holes changes, it is easy to change the arrangement direction of the auger shaft 20, etc. by rotating the drive device 10 by the required angle with respect to the leader 2. With just a few simple operations, you can excavate corners.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Although the excavator is suspended by setting the leader 2 at a predetermined position perpendicular to the ground using the crawler crane 1, it is also possible to use a truck crane or the like instead of the crawler crane 1.

When installing the excavator so as to move up and down along the leader 2 set in this way, the driving device 10 of the excavator is attached to the front surface of the leader 2, as shown in FIG. It is slidably attached to the guide rail 3 and suspended from the hanging part 2a at the upper end of the leader 2 by a hanging means consisting of a pulley 4a and a wire rope 4b,
A wire rope 4b on which the drive device 10 is suspended by an electric winch or the like provided on the crawler crane 1
The drive unit 10 is moved up and down along the leader 2 by winding up and sending out the leader 2.

As shown in FIG.
A pair of drive motors 12 are arranged in parallel within the device main body 11, and the device main body 11 can rotate relative to the reader 2 around its center.

Casing pipes 13 are hung side by side from below the pair of drive motors 12 arranged in parallel as described above, and a rotating shaft 14 is inserted into each of the casing pipes 13 suspended in this way. ,
Each rotating shaft 14 is rotated by a respective drive motor 12. In this way, in this embodiment, the rotating shafts 14 inserted into each casing pipe 13 are individually rotated by a pair of drive motors 12 arranged in parallel in the device main body 11. 11 may be provided with one drive motor 12, and the rotation of this drive motor 12 may be transmitted to each rotating shaft 14 by a gear or the like.Also, a greater number of casing pipes 13 through which the rotating shaft 14 is inserted may be provided. It is also possible to make it hang down.

As shown in FIG. 1, each casing pipe 13 suspended in this manner is inserted into the holding part 5a of the steady rest 5 extending in a cantilevered manner from the lower part of the leader 2, and vertically. A branch box 15 is horizontally disposed at the lower ends of these casing pipes 13 so as to bridge between these lower ends.

A number of auger shafts 20 are suspended from the lower surface of the branch box 15 arranged in this manner than the casing pipe 13, while a plurality of stirring shafts 30 extend upward from the upper surface thereof.
In this example, as shown in FIG.
When drilling a plurality of consecutive holes by rotating the shafts, the drilling heads 21 are prevented from colliding with each other, and stirring blades 22 protruding in the radial direction are provided at predetermined positions of these shafts 20, and the stirring blades 22 are It rotates to stir excavated earth and sand. In addition, in this embodiment, the stirring shaft 30 is placed on the upper surface of the branch box 15, and both casing pipes 13
There are three stirring shafts extending upward from between and on both sides of the stirring shafts, and a lifting head 31 is provided at the tip of these stirring shafts 30, and the lifting head 31 is rotated to remove earth and sand etc. accumulated above during pulling. In addition, stirring blades 32 and screws 33 are provided at required positions on these shafts 30 to stir excavated earth and sand within the hole. Note that, instead of the pulling head 31, a supply device or the like for supplying a soil conditioner such as cement milk to the excavation head 21 may be provided at the tip of the stirring shaft 30.

A rotation transmission mechanism 40 is provided inside this branch box 15, and the rotation of the rotation shaft is transmitted to the auger shaft 20 by this rotation transmission mechanism 40.
and is transmitted to the stirring shaft 30, and both shafts 20,
30 is designed to rotate.

Here, the rotation transmission mechanism 40 used in this embodiment will be explained based on FIG.
Two main transmission shafts 41 are provided which rotate together with the main transmission shafts 41, and three sub-transmission shafts 43 are provided between and on both sides of the main transmission shafts 41 via intermediate shafts 42, respectively. Then, the main gear 44 attached to the main transmission shaft 41 and the sub gear 45 attached to the intermediate shaft 42 are meshed, and as the main transmission shaft 41 rotates, the intermediate shaft 42 rotates in the opposite direction to the main transmission shaft 41. , the chain 4 is connected between the sprockets 46 provided on the intermediate shaft 42 and the sub-transmission shaft 43.
In particular, a chain 47 is wound around the central transmission sub-shaft 43 from the intermediate shafts 42 on both sides, and as the intermediate shaft 42 rotates, the transmission sub-shaft 43 connects with the intermediate shaft 42. It rotates in the same direction, that is, in the opposite direction to the main transmission shaft 41. A slightly longer auger shaft 20 is detachably connected to the lower end of each transmission main shaft 41, and a shorter auger shaft 20 is detachably connected to the lower end of each transmission sub-shaft 43. Stirring shafts 30 are removably connected to each other, and as the rotating shaft 14 rotates, the auger shaft 20 and the stirring shaft 30 rotate. In this embodiment, such a rotation transmission mechanism 40 is used, but the rotation transmission mechanism 40 is not limited to this.
Any mechanism may be used as long as it can transmit the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 to each auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30.

However, when the rotation transmission mechanism 40 shown in this embodiment is used, the diameter of each gear 44, 45 can be made smaller compared to the case where rotation is transmitted only by a gear mechanism, and the size of the branch box 15 can be made smaller. By making it smaller, it is possible to reduce the earth pressure during lifting, and since the rotation direction of each auger shaft 20 is alternately opposite, it is possible to reduce the earth pressure that occurs when each auger shaft 20 rotates in the same direction. This also eliminates twisting in the excavation direction.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since each of the auger shafts 20 and stirring shafts 30 are detachably connected to each other as described above, it is possible to easily replace these shafts 20 and 30 in the event that they are damaged.
These shafts 20, 30 can be easily replaced depending on the depth of the hole to be excavated and the condition of the ground.

Further, in this embodiment, each of the auger shafts 20 suspended downward from the branch box 15 is inserted through a horizontally provided lower connector 50 to hold these auger shafts 20 at a constant interval. In addition to preventing the excavation directions of each auger shaft 20 from being shifted from each other, the stirring shaft 30 extending upward from the branch box 15 is inserted into the upper connector 51 provided horizontally in the casing pipe 13, and these stirring shafts are This prevents the shaft 30 from wobbling. Then, guide wings 52 are provided on both sides of this upper connector 51,
As the excavation progresses, the guide blade 52 slides along the hole wall while being in contact with the hole wall, and the direction of excavation is regulated by the guide blade 52. A pulling head 31 is detachably attached to the upper end of the shaft 30.

Next, a case will be described in which a plurality of consecutive holes are excavated in the ground using the excavator of this embodiment. First, the leader 2 is set perpendicularly to the ground at a predetermined position by the crawler crane 1 to suspend the excavator, and the drive motor 12 is operated to rotate the rotating shaft 14 inserted into each casing pipe 13.
The rotation of the rotation shaft 14 is transmitted to each auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30 by a rotation transmission mechanism 40 provided in the branch box 15, thereby rotating both shafts 20, 30. Then, the drive device 10 is moved down along the leader 2, and a plurality of continuous holes are sequentially excavated in the ground by the excavation head 21 provided at the tip of each auger shaft 20. At this time, the drive device 10
The branch box 15 is maintained horizontally by the two casing pipes 13 suspended from the branch box 15, and each auger shaft 20 suspended from the branch box 15 is maintained vertically so that a straight hole is drilled. It becomes.

As the excavation progresses in this way and the upper connector 51 enters the hole, the guide wings 52 provided on both sides of the upper connector 51 move along the hole wall while coming into contact with it, and the entire excavator is guided by the guide blades 52 so that the excavation progresses more straightly, and the excavated earth and sand and the soil conditioner such as cement milk spouted from the excavation head 21 are transferred to the agitator provided on the auger shaft 20. Sufficient stirring is achieved by the rotation of the stirring blades 32 and screw 33 provided on the blades 22 and stirring shaft 30.

In addition, when the excavator is pulled up from the hole after excavating in this way, the excavator is pulled up while removing the earth and sand accumulated above by rotating the lifting head 31 provided at the tip of the stirring shaft 30. It is.

Furthermore, when excavating a corner portion with this excavator, after excavating as described above and pulling the excavator out of the hole, the drive device 10 is rotated to connect the casing pipe 13 and the branch box 15. Along with this, the auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30 extended from the branch box 15 are rotated to change the arrangement direction of the auger shaft 20 and stirring shaft 30, thereby drilling a new plurality of consecutive holes with different arrangement directions.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, in the excavator according to the present invention, two or more casing pipes are suspended from the drive device, and the lower ends of these casing pipes are disposed horizontally so as to span the lower ends of the casing pipes. Since each auger shaft is suspended from a branch box, the length of each auger shaft is significantly shorter than that of a conventional system in which each auger shaft is suspended directly from the drive device, and digging continues as before. The excavation direction of each auger shaft will not deviate significantly due to changes in the ground, etc., and the branch box from which each auger shaft is suspended is also held horizontally by two or more casing pipes, so the branch box This prevents the box from tilting and ensures that each auger shaft is held vertically.

As a result, when excavating the ground with this excavator, it is possible to make a straight hole in a precise location, and even when forming a long continuous hole wall in the horizontal direction, the auger shaft will move first. It is possible to drill multiple consecutive holes one after another without shifting in the direction of the drilled hole, and drilling is performed while inserting at least one auger shaft into the previously drilled hole, unlike the conventional method. There is no need for the troublesome double digging process, and it becomes extremely easy to form a long continuous hole wall in the lateral direction.

In addition, in such excavators, the length of the auger shaft is significantly shorter than that of conventional ones, as mentioned above, so the material costs required for the auger shaft are significantly reduced, and manufacturing and maintenance costs are reduced. At the same time, the weight of the entire excavator has been reduced, making it easier to handle when moving.In addition, the center of gravity of the entire excavator has been lowered because the auger shaft is located at the bottom, making it easier to handle such as crawler cranes, etc. The stability when suspended is also significantly improved.

Furthermore, in this excavator, a stirring shaft is extended upward from the branch box, and the stirring shaft is rotated to stir the excavated earth and sand in the excavated hole, cement milk, etc. spouted by the excavation head. This ensures sufficient stirring of these within the pores.

In addition, in such an excavator, if the drive device is provided so that it can rotate relative to the leader,
When this drive device is rotated, the casing pipe and branch box rotate accordingly, and the arrangement direction of the auger shaft and stirring shaft extending from the branch box changes, resulting in a corner where the direction of the hole arrangement changes. Excavation of a section becomes extremely easy by simply rotating the drive device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 1 being a partially cutaway front view, FIG.
The figure is a front view showing the rotation transmission mechanism in the branch box, and FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional example. Explanation of symbols, 2... Leader, 10... Drive device, 13... Casing pipe, 14... Rotating shaft, 1
5...Branch box, 20...Auger shaft, 30
... Stirring shaft, 40 ... Rotation transmission mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two or more casing pipes 13 are hung side by side at a required interval from a drive device 10 that moves up and down along the leader 2, and are rotated by the drive device 10 into each casing pipe 13. A branch box 15 is disposed horizontally so as to span the lower ends of these casing pipes 13, and a number of auger shafts 2 extend downward from the branch box 15 and extend from the casing pipe 13.
0 is suspended and a plurality of stirring shafts 30 extend upward, and a rotation transmission mechanism 40 for transmitting the rotation of the rotation shaft 14 to the auger shaft 20 and the stirring shaft 30 is provided in the branch box 15. An excavator that is characterized by the ability to 2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the drive device 10 is rotatably provided with respect to the leader 2.