JPH0249647B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0249647B2 JPH0249647B2 JP58221887A JP22188783A JPH0249647B2 JP H0249647 B2 JPH0249647 B2 JP H0249647B2 JP 58221887 A JP58221887 A JP 58221887A JP 22188783 A JP22188783 A JP 22188783A JP H0249647 B2 JPH0249647 B2 JP H0249647B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- pressure
- vaporizer
- boiling point
- detection device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［技術分野］
本発明は、沸点計に係り、更に詳しくは、石油
製品等の蒸留性状を測定するための蒸留試験に用
いられる沸点計の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a boiling point meter, and more particularly to an improvement in a boiling point meter used in a distillation test for measuring the distillation properties of petroleum products and the like.
［背景技術］
石油製品等の沸点範囲内での初留点、中間点
（パーセント沸点）、及び最終点を見つけるための
標準的手法として蒸留試験が広く行なわれてい
る。この蒸留試験を行なう沸点計には種々のもの
があるが、このような沸点計のうち、排出液流量
（蒸留搭のボトム流量）と排出蒸気流量（蒸留搭
のオーバーヘツド流量）との流量比を一定に選ぶ
ことにより中間点の連続測定が可能な沸点計が従
来より知られている。しかしながら、この種従来
装置では、排出量の変動に伴なつて蒸留搭内に背
圧が加わる等して搭内に圧力変動が生じたとき、
このような圧力変動のないものとして試料温度
（沸点温度）を測定しており、従つて、圧力変動
による測定誤差を生じさせるものであつた。[Background Art] Distillation tests are widely used as a standard method to find the initial boiling point, intermediate point (percent boiling point), and final boiling point within the boiling point range of petroleum products. There are various types of boiling point meters that perform this distillation test. A boiling point meter that is capable of continuous measurement at intermediate points by selecting a constant value has been known. However, in this type of conventional equipment, when pressure fluctuations occur in the distillation column due to back pressure being applied to the distillation column due to fluctuations in the discharge amount,
The sample temperature (boiling point temperature) is measured without such pressure fluctuations, and therefore, measurement errors occur due to pressure fluctuations.
［発明の目的］
本発明の目的は、圧力変動による測定誤差が少
なく、高精度な蒸留試験を行なうことのできる沸
点計を提供することにある。[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a boiling point meter that has few measurement errors due to pressure fluctuations and can perform highly accurate distillation tests.
［発明の構成］
そのため、本発明は、試料が供給される気化器
と、この気化器内の試料を加熱する加熱器と、気
化器内の試料温度を検出する温度検出装置と、加
熱された試料を蒸気および液体に分離する気液接
触手段と、蒸留搭から排出される蒸気流量と気化
器から排出される液体流量とを一定の流量比に調
整する流量比調整装置と、搭内圧力を検出する圧
力検出装置とを設けるとともに温度検出装置およ
び圧力検出装置に接続され、かつ試料についての
予め与えられた沸点温度と圧力との相関関係か
ら、検出圧力下における沸点温度を基準圧力下に
おける沸点温度に補正処理する補正処理装置を設
け、蒸留搭内を一定圧力にして運転するととも
に、排出ラインの背圧や試料中に混入した軽質分
の蒸発等により搭内圧力が種々変動しても、常に
基準圧力下における沸点温度に補正された値が判
るようにして前記目的を達成しようとするもので
ある。[Configuration of the Invention] Therefore, the present invention provides a vaporizer to which a sample is supplied, a heater that heats the sample in the vaporizer, a temperature detection device that detects the temperature of the sample in the vaporizer, and a heated A gas-liquid contact means that separates the sample into vapor and liquid, a flow ratio adjustment device that adjusts the vapor flow rate discharged from the distillation column and the liquid flow rate discharged from the vaporizer to a constant flow rate ratio, and a flow rate ratio adjustment device that adjusts the column internal pressure. A pressure detection device is provided to detect the pressure, and it is connected to a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device, and from the correlation between the boiling point temperature and pressure given in advance for the sample, the boiling point temperature under the detected pressure is determined as the boiling point under the reference pressure. A correction processing device that corrects the temperature is installed, and the distillation column is operated at a constant pressure. Even if the pressure inside the column fluctuates due to back pressure in the discharge line, evaporation of light substances mixed in the sample, etc., the distillation column can be operated at a constant pressure. The purpose is to achieve the above object by always knowing the value corrected to the boiling point temperature under the standard pressure.
［実施例の説明］
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す
る。[Description of Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
図には本発明に係る沸点計の一実施例が示さ
れ、図中、気化器１１の上部には蒸留塔１２が備
えられている。気化器１１の外周部には加熱器１
３が設けられ、加熱器１３により気化器１１内の
試料１４が加熱されるようになつている。 The figure shows an embodiment of the boiling point meter according to the present invention, and in the figure, a distillation column 12 is provided above a vaporizer 11. A heater 1 is installed on the outer periphery of the vaporizer 11.
3 is provided, and the sample 14 in the vaporizer 11 is heated by the heater 13.
試料１４は前処理された状態で試料導入管１５
より一定圧力で蒸留搭１２の頂部に供給されるよ
うになつている。試料１４の導入部は弁構造とし
て構成され、この構造は気化器１１内の試料１４
中に浮遊するフロート１６により開閉され、これ
により気化器１１内の試料１４が減少したときは
それに応じて試料１４が供給され、気化器１１内
の試料１４が所定量に達しているときは供給が停
止されるようになつている。こうして蒸留搭１２
内に供給される試料１４は搭内導入管１５Ａを通
り、気化器１１に導入され、加熱器１３により蒸
留される。蒸留搭１２内には揃段或いは充填材等
の気液接触手段１７が設けられ、気液接触手段１
７により試料１４は蒸気と液体とに分離されるよ
うになつている。 The sample 14 is inserted into the sample introduction tube 15 in a pretreated state.
It is designed to be supplied to the top of the distillation column 12 at a more constant pressure. The introduction part for the sample 14 is configured as a valve structure, and this structure is used for introducing the sample 14 in the vaporizer 11
It is opened and closed by a float 16 floating therein, so that when the sample 14 in the vaporizer 11 decreases, the sample 14 is supplied accordingly, and when the sample 14 in the vaporizer 11 has reached a predetermined amount, the sample 14 is supplied. is being stopped. In this way, distillation tower 12
The sample 14 supplied into the chamber passes through the chamber introduction pipe 15A, is introduced into the vaporizer 11, and is distilled by the heater 13. A gas-liquid contact means 17 such as a stage or a filler is provided in the distillation column 12, and the gas-liquid contact means 1
7, the sample 14 is separated into vapor and liquid.
気化器１１内の試料１４には液体排出管２１が
設けられ、試料１４に加わる内圧によりこの液体
排出管２１から試料１４が排出され得るようにな
つている。この排出管２１の途中にはオリフイス
２２が設けられ、オリフイス２２により排出液体
の流量制限がなされるようになつている。 A liquid discharge pipe 21 is provided for the sample 14 in the vaporizer 11, and the sample 14 can be discharged from the liquid discharge pipe 21 by internal pressure applied to the sample 14. An orifice 22 is provided in the middle of the discharge pipe 21, and the orifice 22 restricts the flow rate of the discharged liquid.
一方、蒸留搭１２の頂部側には蒸気排出管２３
が設けられている。蒸気排出管２３には圧力調整
器２４および冷却器２５が備えられ、冷却器２５
を通過した後には、蒸気排出管２３内の排出蒸気
は液化されるようになつている。この液化された
排出液は前記液体排出管２１からの排出液と合流
された後、排出路２６より系外へと排出される
が、排出路２６の途中には前記圧力調整器２４に
おいて検出される排気圧力に応じてコントロール
される排出コントロールバルブ２７が備えられて
おり、これにより蒸気流量と排出流体流量とは常
に一定の流量比となるようになつている。 On the other hand, a steam exhaust pipe 23 is provided on the top side of the distillation column 12.
is provided. The steam exhaust pipe 23 is equipped with a pressure regulator 24 and a cooler 25.
After passing through, the exhaust steam in the steam exhaust pipe 23 is liquefied. This liquefied discharged liquid is combined with the discharged liquid from the liquid discharge pipe 21 and then discharged to the outside of the system through the discharge passage 26. A discharge control valve 27 is provided which is controlled according to the exhaust pressure, so that the steam flow rate and the discharge fluid flow rate always have a constant flow rate ratio.
従つて、圧力調整器２４および排出コントロー
ルバルブ２７により流量比調整装置２８が構成さ
れ、この流量比調整装置２８により蒸留搭１２内
は略一定圧力に保持されている。 Therefore, the pressure regulator 24 and the discharge control valve 27 constitute a flow ratio adjustment device 28, and the inside of the distillation column 12 is maintained at a substantially constant pressure by this flow ratio adjustment device 28.
なお、ここにおいて、気化器１１および蒸留搭
１２は共に従来装置に比べて充分小型化されてお
り、気化器１１内に収容される試料１４の容量も
小容量で済むようにされている。 Here, both the vaporizer 11 and the distillation column 12 are sufficiently miniaturized compared to conventional devices, and the volume of the sample 14 accommodated in the vaporizer 11 is also small.
気化器１１内の試料１４には熱電対等の試料１
４の温度を検出する温度検出装置３１が備えられ
るとともに、蒸留搭１２の所定位置には搭内圧力
を検出する圧力検出装置３２が備えられており、
これら両検出装置３１，３２は共に補正処理装置
３３に接続され、この補正処理装置３３には搭内
圧力および試料温度についての検出信号が逐次入
力されるようになつている。補正処理装置３３に
は、試料１４についての沸点温度と圧力との相関
関係が予め記憶され、しかも、温度検出装置３１
で検出された検出温度と圧力検出装置３２で検出
された検出圧力とを前記相関関係に基づいて所定
の基準圧力（例えば１気圧）下における沸点温度
に補正する補正回路が備えられている。補正処理
装置３３にて基準圧力下における値として求めら
れた沸点温度は記録計３４により記録され、或い
は図示しない表示装置により表示されるようにな
つている。なお、前記相関関係を示めすものとし
ては、たとえばシドニー・ヤング式等がある。 The sample 14 in the vaporizer 11 includes a sample 1 such as a thermocouple.
The distillation column 12 is equipped with a temperature detection device 31 for detecting the temperature of 4, and a pressure detection device 32 for detecting the pressure inside the column is provided at a predetermined position of the distillation column 12.
Both of these detection devices 31 and 32 are connected to a correction processing device 33, to which detection signals regarding the chamber pressure and sample temperature are sequentially input. The correction processing device 33 stores in advance the correlation between the boiling point temperature and the pressure for the sample 14, and the temperature detection device 31
A correction circuit is provided that corrects the detected temperature detected by the pressure detection device 32 and the detected pressure detected by the pressure detection device 32 to the boiling point temperature under a predetermined reference pressure (for example, 1 atmosphere) based on the correlation. The boiling point temperature determined by the correction processing device 33 as a value under the reference pressure is recorded by a recorder 34 or displayed by a display device (not shown). Note that examples of methods that indicate the above-mentioned correlation include the Sidney-Young equation.
このような本実施例によれば、試料１４の分留
性状が変化して排出量が変化することにより蒸留
搭１２内に背圧が加わり、或いはまた、排出コン
トロールバルブ２７の追従性が必ずしも充分でな
い等して、蒸留搭１２内において圧力変動が生じ
ても、前記補正処理装置３３によりこのような圧
力変動に基づく測定誤差が補正されるという効果
がある。 According to this embodiment, back pressure is added in the distillation column 12 due to a change in the fractional distillation properties of the sample 14 and a change in the discharge amount, or the followability of the discharge control valve 27 is not always sufficient. Even if pressure fluctuations occur within the distillation column 12, such as when the pressure fluctuation occurs, the correction processing device 33 has the effect of correcting measurement errors based on such pressure fluctuations.
従つて、蒸留搭１２内を一定圧力に保持する流
量比調整装置２８を設けるとともに、蒸留搭１２
内に背圧が加わるなどで圧力変動が生じてもその
変動に基づく測定誤差を補正する補正処理装置３
３を設けたので、測定を高精度で行うことができ
る。 Therefore, a flow ratio adjustment device 28 is provided to maintain a constant pressure inside the distillation column 12, and the distillation column 12 is
A correction processing device 3 that corrects measurement errors based on pressure fluctuations due to back pressure being applied inside.
3, measurement can be performed with high precision.
また、このように分留性状変化に対応すること
ができるため、試料１４についての適応範囲が広
くなる。 Furthermore, since it is possible to respond to changes in fractional properties in this way, the range of application to the sample 14 is widened.
さらに、気化器１１および蒸留搭１２の容積が
小さいと大きな場合に比べて圧力変動の影響が大
きくなるものであるが、前記実施例では圧力検出
器３２および補正処理装置３３を設けて圧力変動
による測定誤差を補正しているので、圧力変動の
影響を低減でき、気化器１１および蒸留搭１２の
容積を小さくできる。 Furthermore, when the volumes of the vaporizer 11 and the distillation column 12 are small, the influence of pressure fluctuations is greater than when the volumes are large; however, in the embodiment described above, a pressure detector 32 and a correction processing device 33 are provided to prevent pressure fluctuations from occurring. Since measurement errors are corrected, the influence of pressure fluctuations can be reduced, and the volumes of the vaporizer 11 and distillation column 12 can be reduced.
このため、前記実施例では、操作開始当初の平
行状態になるまでの時間や或いは試料１４の入換
え時間等が何れも短縮されて、作業効率が向上す
るという効果がある。しかも、特に、沸点の高い
試料１４を試験する場合にも加熱器１３による熱
量が少なくて済むという効果がある。更に、応答
時間が早くなり、試料の切替時の目安にもなる。 Therefore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the time required to reach the parallel state at the beginning of the operation, the time required to replace the sample 14, etc. are both shortened, and work efficiency is improved. Furthermore, there is an effect that the amount of heat generated by the heater 13 is small even when testing a sample 14 having a high boiling point. Furthermore, the response time becomes faster and can be used as a guide when switching samples.
なお、実施にあたり、気化器１１および蒸留搭
１２は必ずしも小型で小さな容積のものに限られ
ないが、これらが小容積である場合には前述のよ
うな効果がある。 In addition, in implementation, the vaporizer 11 and the distillation column 12 are not necessarily limited to being small and having a small volume, but when they have a small volume, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained.
［発明の効果］
上述のように本発明によれば、圧力変動による
測定誤差が少なく、高精度な蒸留試験を行なうこ
とができる沸点計を提供できる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a boiling point meter that has few measurement errors due to pressure fluctuations and can perform highly accurate distillation tests.
図は本発明に係る沸点計を示す概略構成図であ
る。
１１……気化器、１２……蒸留搭、１３……加
熱器、１４……試料、１５Ａ……搭内導入管、１
７……気液接触手段、２４……圧力調整器、２７
……排出コントロールバルブ、２８……流量比調
整装置、３１……温度検出装置、３２……圧力検
出装置、３３……補正処理装置。
The figure is a schematic configuration diagram showing a boiling point meter according to the present invention. 11... vaporizer, 12... distillation column, 13... heater, 14... sample, 15A... column introduction tube, 1
7... Gas-liquid contact means, 24... Pressure regulator, 27
... Discharge control valve, 28 ... Flow ratio adjustment device, 31 ... Temperature detection device, 32 ... Pressure detection device, 33 ... Correction processing device.
Claims (1)
試料を加熱する加熱器と、気化器内の試料温度を
検出する温度検出装置と、加熱された試料を蒸気
および液体に分離する気液接触手段と、蒸留搭か
ら排出される蒸気流量と気化器から排出される液
体流量とを一定の流量比に調整する流量比調整装
置と、搭内圧力を検出する圧力検出装置と、温度
検出装置および圧力検出装置に接続されかつ試料
についての予め与えられた沸点温度と搭内圧力と
の相関関係から検出圧力下における沸点温度を基
準圧力下における沸点温度に補正処理する補正処
理装置と、が設けられていることを特徴とする沸
点計。1. A vaporizer to which the sample is supplied, a heater to heat the sample in the vaporizer, a temperature detection device to detect the sample temperature in the vaporizer, and a gas-liquid device to separate the heated sample into vapor and liquid. a contact means, a flow ratio adjustment device that adjusts the flow rate of vapor discharged from the distillation column and the flow rate of liquid discharged from the vaporizer to a constant flow rate ratio, a pressure detection device that detects the pressure inside the column, and a temperature detection device. and a correction processing device connected to the pressure detection device and correcting the boiling point temperature under the detected pressure to the boiling point temperature under the reference pressure based on the correlation between the boiling point temperature given in advance for the sample and the chamber pressure. A boiling point meter characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22188783A JPS60113139A (en) | 1983-11-24 | 1983-11-24 | Boiling point meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22188783A JPS60113139A (en) | 1983-11-24 | 1983-11-24 | Boiling point meter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60113139A JPS60113139A (en) | 1985-06-19 |
| JPH0249647B2 true JPH0249647B2 (en) | 1990-10-30 |
Family
ID=16773730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22188783A Granted JPS60113139A (en) | 1983-11-24 | 1983-11-24 | Boiling point meter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60113139A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5012386U (en) * | 1973-05-28 | 1975-02-07 |
-
1983
- 1983-11-24 JP JP22188783A patent/JPS60113139A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5012386U (en) * | 1973-05-28 | 1975-02-07 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60113139A (en) | 1985-06-19 |
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