JPH0249523A - Container tank for living fish - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To preserve fish or shellfish over a long period in living state by attaching a protruded cylinder furnished with a water-ejection port at the bottom of a living fish container tank and an inclined plate at the upper part of the tank, putting living fish in the tank and ejecting water containing dissolved oxygen through said ejection port. CONSTITUTION:A protruded cylindrical part 2 provided with a nozzle 3 ejecting water in tangential direction is attached to the bottom opening of a living fish container tank 1 having an inclined plate at the upper part. Water containing dissolved oxygen is introduced into the tank and living fish is put into the tank through a fish port 5 opened at the upper part of the tank. Water containing dissolved oxygen is supplied through a water-replenishing port 4 and discharged through an exhaustion port 7. Furthermore, water containing dissolved oxygen is ejected through the ejection nozzle 3 of the cylindrical protrusion 2 to form a gyrating water stream in the container tank 1. The separation of bubbles can be facilitated, the oscillation and swing in transportation can be decreased and fish or shellfish can be transported over a long period in living state in high density.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a live fish storage tank, and more specifically, it is used for storing live fish such as adult fish for cooking and juvenile fish for stocking, which can be used both in transportation and in a stationary state. Regarding the storage tank.

Conventional Technology In recent years, methods for preserving seafood in a live state for long periods of time, as well as methods for transporting seafood while still alive, have been attracting attention as a method for preserving seafood.

The reason for this is that seafood can be preserved in a live state, and if it is in a live state, the color and flavor of the seafood can be fully utilized, increasing its commercial value.

However, as a method for transporting seafood in a live state for a long time, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-227228, there is a method for transporting seafood in a live state in a tank that is loaded on a truck or the like. A blowing device such as air is installed to transport seafood alive. For this reason, with the exception of some seafood such as eel, it is extremely difficult to transport general seafood in a live state at high density for a long period of time. Furthermore, conventionally, live fish have been transported at a low density, but the low density increases the cost of transporting live fish, making it extremely uneconomical.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-30959 describes a method for preserving seafood in a live state for a long period of time with high efficiency. This method combines a water regulating tank with a fixed water tank, cools the water in the regulating tank with a cooling coil, and at the same time sends air through an air pipe, which simultaneously removes nitrogen compounds and water-soluble organic substances. The device removes the impurities and suppresses the amount of impurities below a certain value. With this preservation method, the metabolism of seafood is considerably lower than the standard metabolism due to the low water temperature (
This has the advantage of being able to house fish and shellfish at high density, since the activity of the fish and shellfish can be suppressed. However, since this preservation method assumes a fixed water tank, during transportation, the water will be more or less shaken by vibrations caused by the engine, generator, etc., as well as by the shaking of the car due to starting, stopping, and the shape of the road surface. However, in this respect, it is extremely difficult to apply it directly to the transportation of live fish.

To explain in more detail, when transporting live fish, the seafood is subjected to more or less vibration and agitation. This vibration and oscillation can be alleviated if there is movement of water, such as a flow, in the aquarium. A method of imparting movement to the water in the aquarium is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-274636.

This method moves the water in the aquarium upwards by raising a large number of oxygen bubbles from a bubble generator, creating convection in the aquarium, replenishing oxygen, and keeping the fish and seafood in a live state for a long time. It is designed to allow the species to live there.

However, this method can constantly supply oxygen, etc. to the fish and shellfish, so the fish and shellfish are given the oxygen they need, but if the water only circulates in the vertical direction, it is effective in reducing vibration and agitation. Rather, the problem is that fish and shellfish swallow microscopic air bubbles in the water in the aquarium, causing their internal organs to become engraved and resulting in death.

From this point of view, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-227229, an apparatus has been proposed in which air is mixed with water sent to an aquarium and air bubbles are removed from the water using a gas-liquid separator. Although this device has been shown to have the potential to be used during transportation, it was developed for fixed aquariums.
It is difficult to completely remove air bubbles, and dissolved oxygen in the water cannot be increased, making it unsuitable for transporting high-density live fish.

As explained above, in the past, long-term preservation methods and devices have been developed for fixed aquariums, but methods for transporting live seafood have been developed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-2272.
The extent described in Publication No. 28 is merely proposed.

For this reason, we have not made any proposals regarding live fish storage tanks that can alleviate vibrations and turbulence caused by transportation and allow for high-density transportation even during fairly long-term transportation, such as when transporting seafood between fish farms. It has not been.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and specifically, when transporting seafood in a live state over long distances, in the conventional example,
It is difficult to increase the density of the fish and shellfish to be transported, and it is difficult to reduce the vibrations and agitation that occur during transport, making it difficult to transport for a long time. The purpose is to solve problems such as the lack of research on storage tanks.

Means for Solving the Problems and Their Effects Namely, the present invention provides a cylindrical convex portion provided with an injection port that injects water from a tangential direction into the bottom opening of a live fish storage tank, and a cylindrical convex portion provided with an injection port that injects water from a tangential direction into the bottom opening of a live fish storage tank, and an inclined upper portion in the storage tank. It is characterized by having a board.

Therefore, the structure of these means and their operation will be further explained as follows.

First, the present inventors discovered that when transporting seafood in a live state,
Considering that the transportation conditions are considerably harsher than if they were left still,
When we searched for conditions suitable for this, we found that a storage tank for live fish was required that met the following conditions.

(1) Utilizes the migratory habits of fish and shellfish to create a swirling flow in the storage tank to prevent collisions between fish and shellfish; (2) It can reduce the impact of vibrations during transportation on live fish. (3) It must be able to provide oxygen-dissolved water to live fish; (4) It must be able to remove air bubbles.

Further research was conducted on a live fish storage tank that satisfies these conditions, and the present invention was established based on this research.

Further detailed explanation of the present invention with reference to the drawings is as follows.

Note that FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 from above, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of an example of a transportation device used in carrying out the invention.

Reference numeral 1 indicates a live fish storage tank (aquarium), 2 indicates a cylindrical convex portion, 3 indicates a water injection port, 4 indicates a water supply port, 5 indicates a live fish inlet/outlet, 6 indicates a defoaming tube, 7 indicates a drain port, and 8 indicates an aeration tank. , 9 is a pump, 10 is a blower, 11 is a defoaming tank, 12 is an aeration device, 13 is a cooler, 14 is a filter, 15 is an oxygen supply port, 16 is an inclined plate, and 17 is a gas-liquid separation plate.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a live fish storage tank (aquarium) designated by reference numeral 1 is composed of a cylindrical convex portion 2 at the bottom opening and an inclined plate 16 at the top of the interior. ing. The cylindrical convex portion 2 is equipped with one or more, preferably two or more, injection ports (injection nozzles) 3 that inject water from a tangential direction. The reason for providing this is to form a swirling flow of water in the aquarium 1 and allow live fish to migrate.

When two or more injection nozzles 3 are provided on the side surface of the cylindrical convex portion 2, it is preferable that the spacing between the nozzles 3 is approximately equal and that the nozzles 3 are arranged so that their opening direction is in the direction of the desired swirling flow.

The diameter and height of the cylindrical convex portion 2 are not particularly limited as long as they can provide a swirling flow to the water in the water tank 1.

In addition, an inclined plate 16 is provided at the upper part of the aquarium 1, and this inclined plate 16 stores air bubbles mixed in the water in the aquarium 1 at the lower part of the inclined plate 16, making them large bubbles and making them easy to separate. At the same time, when the aquarium 1 is subjected to vibration, it plays the role of alleviating the vibration and agitation of the water.

Further explaining the structure of the inclined plate 16, the inclined plate 16
An opening is provided below the live fish entrance and exit, and an umbrella-shaped structure is provided above the water surface where the swirling water flow flows.

If a plurality of small holes are provided on the opening side of this inclined plate 16, the air bubbles accumulated in the lower part of the inclined plate 16 will easily come out from the small holes to the upper part of the aquarium 1 (and further upwards of this inclined plate 16). If a gas-liquid separation plate 17 is provided in the horizontal direction, this inclined plate 16
The air bubbles discharged from the openings and small holes are separated into gas and water by the gas-liquid separation plate 17, and the gas is released from the defoaming cylinder 6 to the outside of the water tank 1, while the water returns to the inside of the water tank 1. It has become.

With this configuration, water etc. that are injected from the tangential direction to the side surface of the cylindrical convex portion 2 flow along the surface of the cylindrical convex portion 2, giving a swirling flow to the water inside the water tank 1. , the swirling water flow rises from near the center inside the water tank 1. Therefore,
When live fish and shellfish exist in the aquarium 1, the fish and shellfish migrate along the flow of water in the aquarium 1. Such migration has the effect of satisfying the habits of the fish and shellfish and preventing collisions between the fish and shellfish. In addition, since an umbrella-shaped inclined plate 16 is provided above the water tank 1, air bubbles, etc. that rise due to the swirling water flow in the water tank 1 are stored at the lower part of the inclined plate 16, and become large air bubbles. 6 to the outside of the aquarium 1 system.

Iron, aluminum, synthetic resin, etc. can be used as the material for the water tank 1, but considering that it will be transported for a long time by transport vehicle, materials that are lightweight, load-bearing, and heat resistant (thermal insulation) may be used. For example, fiber reinforced synthetic resin (FRP)
etc. are preferred.

The shape of the water tank 1 may be such that it can be loaded and transported on a transport vehicle, and that water can be injected from the cylindrical protrusion 2 provided near the center of the bottom of the tank 1 so as to form a swirling flow inside the tank 1. For example, the shape and dimensions may be any shape, such as a cylindrical shape, a vertical rectangular shape, or a structure in which several low heights are stacked one on top of the other.

A preferred shape is a vertical rectangular shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 because it is easy to manufacture and easy to fix when loaded onto a transport vehicle.
Furthermore, in the case of a vertical rectangular shape, a blind spot is formed at the four corners where the swirling flow does not reach, but if this blind spot forming part is made into an arc corner, for example, ancillary equipment such as a filter can be placed in this part. The entire transportation device becomes compact.

In addition, since the filter is designed to give a swirling flow to the water in the water tank 1, it is preferable that the water in the upper part of the water tank 1 is guided to the filter to filter water containing impurities.

Next, transportation of live fish using the aquarium 1 of the present invention will be explained. After the aquarium 1 described above is loaded on a transport vehicle (truck, freight car, ship, etc.) together with the auxiliary equipment such as wastewater treatment equipment, for example, oxygen-dissolved water is introduced into the aquarium 1. A live fish is placed in a tank 1, oxygen-dissolved water is supplied from a water supply port 4, and water is discharged from a drainage lower. Next, when oxygen-dissolved water is injected from the water injection nozzle 3 of the cylindrical convex part 2, a swirling water flow is generated in the aquarium 1, and live fish swim along this swirling water flow, so the flow velocity of the swirling water flow is adjusted to If adjusted and controlled according to the type of fish, live fish can be transported safely without causing fatigue. In this case, if the swirling flow velocity is, for example, 2 to 3 CII/sec for small live fish, 8 to 17 CII/sec for medium live fish, and 20 to 30 cm/sec for large live fish, fish and shellfish will not be fatigued and will not be able to migrate. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the water injection speed and control the swirling flow speed so that it falls within this range.

The water used in the present invention includes all types of water that are suitable for the inhabitation of fish and shellfish, including natural water such as rivers, natural seawater, tap water, and artificial seawater. It is preferable to use one that dissolves oxygen and has a temperature that is about 3 to 8°C lower than the optimum temperature for live fish. In addition, since it is difficult to use water as described above during transportation, the water tank 1
Ancillary equipment such as impurity filtration equipment, impurity removal equipment, aeration equipment, oxygen dissolving equipment, defoaming equipment, water cooling equipment, etc.
Equipment such as a water pressurizing device may be loaded onto a transport vehicle as necessary, and the water used for transporting live fish may be treated with these equipment to meet habitat conditions and recycled.

EXAMPLE A transportation test was carried out by loading the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 on a 4-ton truck.

The aquarium 1 is a vertical rectangular one shown in Figures 1 and 2, and its dimensions are 1.8! flX 1.8MLX O,
7MH% seawater volume 2.0m", the four internal corners are equipped with inner arc corners of 400mmR, and one injection nozzle 3 for injecting oxygen-dissolved water from the tangential direction is installed at the center of the bottom at a relative position. 500mmRX 150mm) I Cylindrical convex part 2
and an umbrella-shaped inclined plate 16 (inclined angle 15°, opening diameter 35 cm)
, length 45 cm) was provided at a position 0.6 MH from the bottom.

In addition, as incidental equipment, a filter 14, an aeration tank 8, a defoaming tank 1
1. A device equipped with an aeration device 12, a cooler 13, and an oxygen supply port 15 was used.

Live red sea bream 150klJ is added to this aquarium 1 from the upper live fish entrance.
After supplying water into the water tank 1 from the water supply port 4, oxygen-dissolved water was injected from the injection nozzle 3 to give a swirling water flow to the water in the water tank 1 and cause it to circulate.

Water containing impurities generated from live fish in the aquarium 1 is led from the upper part of the aquarium 1 to the filter 14, the impurities are filtered out, and the water is discharged from the drainage lower. This water is introduced into the aeration tank 8 and aerated with air supplied from the blower 10 to produce CO2.
After degassing, decomposing, and removing gas, carbon dioxide, air bubbles, etc., this is led to the cooler 13, where it is cooled to a temperature 3 to 8 degrees Celsius lower than the optimal habitat temperature for live fish, and this water is heated with pure 02 was supplied from the oxygen supply port 15 to dissolve oxygen in water, and then this water was injected into the water tank 1 from the injection nozzle 3.

On the other hand, a part of the water is led to the aeration device 12, air is blown in from the blower 10, and then the water is transferred to the defoaming tank 1.
1, air was blown into the lower part of the defoaming tank 11 from the blower 10, oxygen was dissolved in the water, and the water was supplied to the supply port 4 for soaked water which had been defoamed. Thereafter, this was repeatedly transported for 48 hours.

As a result, the red sea bream suffered no fatigue and was able to be transported in good condition despite the long transportation.

This was further stored in a static state for one month, but none of the red sea bream died and was normal.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, the present invention includes a cylindrical convex portion provided with an injection port that injects water from a tangential direction at the bottom opening of a live fish storage tank, and an inclined plate at the top of the storage tank. In conventional aquariums, it is difficult to increase the density of fish and shellfish to be transported, and it is difficult to reduce vibrations and agitation that occur during transport, making long-term transport difficult. However, in the present invention, the water in the live fish storage tank is configured to always flow in a swirling flow, and an inclined plate is provided, which facilitates bubble separation and alleviates vibrations and agitation that occur during transportation. It is possible to transport live seafood at high density for long periods of time, and even when storing live fish in a static state, the behavior of the seafood can be maintained, allowing for high-density storage. Therefore, it is economically superior.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a live fish storage tank according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A seen from above in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of an example of a transportation device used when Code 1... Live fish storage tank (aquarium) 2...
・Cylindrical convex portion 3... Water injection port (nozzle) 4... Water supply port 5... Live fish entrance/exit 6... Defoaming tube 7...・・・・・・
Drain port 8... Aeration tank 9...
Pump 10...Blower 11...
... Defoaming tank 12 ... Aeration device 13 ... Cooler 14 ... Filter 15 ... Oxygen supply port 16 ...
・Slanted plate 17... Gas-liquid separation plate

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A cylindrical convex portion provided with an injection port that sprays water from a tangential direction at the bottom opening of the live fish storage tank, and an inclined plate provided at the top of the storage tank. Live fish storage tank. 2) The live fish storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the inclined plate is umbrella-shaped with an open center. 3) The live fish storage tank according to claim 1, wherein a gas-liquid separation plate is provided on the inclined plate.