JPH0249516A - Bark-utilized planting material and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title material easy to control water retentivity, resistant to disease and insect pest, excellent in durability and stability, thus suitable as a horticultural medium material by grinding chips of rot-resistant barks followed by impregnation with a liquid fertilizer. CONSTITUTION:Continuous barks peeled off raw wood such as Japanese cedar are chopped by a crusher and the resultant chopped barks are sprayed with water using e.g., a sprinkler to bring the water content of said barks to 50wt.%. Thence, the resulting product is subjected to e.g., a hammer crusher into fine pieces pref. 5-50mm long and 0.01-5.0mm thick, which are then dipped into a liquid fertilizer tank for e.g., 1-3 days followed by hydro-extraction, thus obtaining the objective material.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) It is used as a planting material for plants, that is, as a medium material for horticulture.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, sphagnum moss has been mainly used as a planting material for plants such as orchids and ornamental plants. However, domestic production has not been able to keep up with the increase in demand, and is now depleted, with most of it relying on imports from New Zealand and other countries. However, even this foreign-made product is facing shortages, declining quality, and rising prices. In addition, sphagnum moss has unstable factors such as root rot due to over-humidity (excessive water retention), decay over time (non-durable), and sphagnum moss (disease and insect damage), making it difficult to manage watering and replanting. New parts need to be replaced every now and then, leading to shortages and soaring prices.

(Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention) In view of the shortage of sphagnum moss and the drawbacks in its characteristics as described above, the present inventors have developed a material that satisfies the physical and chemical conditions as an implant material as an alternative to sphagnum moss. I have been exploring the material for several years. As a result of this effort, we focused on the bark of cedar and cypress trees, which are abundantly produced as waste from sawmills, processed it into small pieces (moss-like, separate form, etc.) and supplemented it with liquid fertilizer at an appropriate concentration, simply replacing sphagnum moss. Not only is it easy to control water retention, it is not attacked by pests, and it is durable.
The aim is to provide an implant material with excellent stability.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and is made by washing bark flakes that are relatively resistant to decay and reducing the water content to about 50%. This is a plant planting material obtained by pulverizing the material into fine pieces using a pulverizer, and then impregnating the material with liquid fertilizer at an appropriate concentration to supplement nitrogen and other fertilizers, and a method for producing the same.

The present invention also provides a plant planting material which is obtained by dehumidifying and drying the material obtained above so as to be able to replenish the water supply upon use, and a method for producing the same.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below using cedar bark as the material.

First, long pieces of cedar bark are peeled from logs and are shredded into short pieces (primary treatment), which are then mixed with the original short pieces to be used as a feedstock.

This raw material is then sprayed with water using a spraying device to wash away the soil adhering to the bark, and the water content is kept at around 50% in order to increase the penetration rate during subsequent liquid fertilizer impregnation.

This is then crushed into fine pieces using a crusher such as a hammer crusher.

In other words, the coarse bark that has been peeled from the log has a relatively fragile cork layer on the surface, a fibrous and tough middle layer of the bark,
Since it is composed of a cambium layer on the inner part that is in contact with the woody part, simply cutting it into chips with a knife etc. will result in uneven material depending on the part, poor water retention, and poor adsorption of plant roots. Although various forms of the pieces can be considered, moss-like and feather-like ones are preferable as alternatives to sphagnum moss, and the size is determined by various conditions such as water retention, air permeability, plant adsorption, and handling management. In order to satisfy the
Make sure that most of the powder is made up of m, and remove any fine powder.

Finally, add liquid fertilizer to it.

That is, when the present inventors initially used a medium directly without supplementing fertilizer, it was found that the plants suffered from nitrogen starvation at the beginning of planting, resulting in stunted growth or death.

Based on this knowledge, we decided to impregnate the above-mentioned pieces with a liquid fertilizer containing N, P, etc. at an appropriate concentration (approximately 7000 times to 2000 times), and put the pieces into a liquid fertilizer tank for 1 to 3 days. After soaking, remove excess liquid fertilizer with a drainer and keep the water content at about 60% to 75%, or as a simple method, sprinkle an appropriate amount of the liquid fertilizer on the pieces, stir, and then retain water for a certain period of time.
An implant material of the invention shall be obtained.

Since liquid fertilizer in a moist state is inconvenient in transportation, storage, and handling, it is possible to dehumidify and dry the fertilizer after impregnating it with liquid fertilizer.In this case, water is supplied at the time of use to return it to a moist state. shall be taken as a thing.

An outline of the apparatus for carrying out the above manufacturing method, that is, a process flow sheet, is shown in FIGS. 1(A) and 1(B).

As shown in the figure, the raw materials thrown into the supply hopper are washed with water by a conveyor container and sent to the pulverizer, and the pulverized pieces are separated into cyclones by a suction fan through an air pipe. After being led to a machine and sprayed with liquid fertilizer, it is put into a stirring tank where it is stirred and finally pulled out from a discharge container to become a product.

(Characteristics and Functions) As described above, the implantation material according to the present invention is made of tree bark, and its shape is moss-like, feather-like, etc. , it is easier to plant, and it is easier to erect supports, so it is highly workable. Its physical properties are compared with sphagnum moss and potting soil as follows.

* Kanto loam red soil and fallen leaf compost for potting soil:
In other words, when dry, it weighs about five times as much as sphagnum moss, but when fully moistened with water (excluding gravity water), sphagnum moss is 1.5 times heavier. In other words, planting is state material 1! Per volume, sphagnum moss retains approximately eooml of water, whereas the implant material of the present invention retains only half that. On the other hand, the gas phase ratio remains unchanged. Therefore, the material of the present invention has high water permeability and is a medium material that dries easily. High water permeability means that salts are less likely to accumulate due to continuous use of liquid fertilizer, and drying easily means that irrigation can be controlled without worrying about over-wetting damage. It can be said to be the optimal culture medium material for creating irrigation systems using drip irrigation, etc.

Secondly, since the water holding capacity is low, fertilizer can be easily controlled and concentration disturbances caused by N and the like can be prevented. This also works as an indirect suppressive effect on the occurrence of diseases. In particular, in the case where cypress bark was mixed, a strong antibacterial effect due to the resin hinokiol was confirmed.

The N starvation phenomenon caused by poor fertilizer retention can be compensated for by applying appropriate fertilizers as described above.

Furthermore, in the case of sphagnum moss culture medium, the surface layer is damaged by nematode feeding mainly during high temperature periods, which deteriorates water permeability and causes environmental deterioration due to the growth of algae. There is almost no worry about the occurrence of pests and diseases, and 5
Even after long-term cultivation for up to 6 years, it does not rot and its water retention capacity remains the same.

That is, it has extremely high durability and stability.

[Effects of the Invention] The present inventors have so far accumulated numerous usage examples of the implanted material of the present invention and obtained experimental results. The comparison with Sphagnum moss is as follows.

Table 2 Comparison of growth between the planting material according to the present invention and other culture media (average value of 10 pots) A medium with this liquid fertilizer impregnated into thin strips was used to plant Western orchid seedlings to prevent the initial nitrogen starvation phenomenon. We looked at the outbreak and subsequent growth.

The growth results of this third-year-old cymbidium were fertilized after planting by mixing 1000 times liquid fertilizer every three times with watering.

Change the Nfi degree of the liquid fertilizer to be soaked depending on the type of orchid, that is, for Cymbidium, the N content is 50 to 100.
For Dendrobium, immersion in liquid fertilizer with a concentration of N component of around 50 ppm, and for Lelia, immersion in liquid fertilizer with a concentration of 30 to 50 ppm of N component gave good results.

Table 4 As is clear from Table 2 above, the implanted material according to the present invention showed growth comparable to that of sphagnum moss.

As is clear from Table 4 above, it has been confirmed that if watering and fertilization are applied that match the characteristics of the medium, flowering results comparable to those of conventional sphagnum moss can be obtained.

The present inventors have continued to carry out cultivation trials to expand the range of plants to which the planting material of the present invention can be applied. It has been confirmed that it is suitable for begonias, dracaenas, and other ornamental plants.

Bark, which is the material of the present invention, is industrial waste produced from sawmills, etc., and it is relatively easy to process, and even considering the cost of supplying liquid fertilizer, it is cheaper to mass produce than conventional sphagnum moss. is possible.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] The drawings are process flow sheets showing an example of the apparatus used to carry out the manufacturing method of the present invention, in which (a) is a side view and (b) is a side view.
is a plan view. Procedural amendment (method) 1. Indication of the case 2. Name of the invention Heisei 1 Hand-held patent application No. 126197 Plant implantation material using bark and its manufacturing method 3. Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Patent applicant address Tochigi 1594-13 Nishiyoda-cho, Prefectural Faculty Management City, Minekishi Nakatoshi Name: Nagatoshi Minegishi 4th, Agent 4th (2) Revised Figure 1 of the drawing to make it clearer. 8. Attached documents (1) Drawings (Figure 1) 1 copy 5. Date of amendment order August 22, 1999 6. Subject of amendment Description/drawings 7. Contents of amendment (1) No. 13 of the description Delete the 15th line of the page from the beginning to the end (brief description of the drawing) and insert the following sentence in this part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) Bark flakes, which are relatively resistant to decay, are washed with water to a moisture content of about 50%, and then ground into small pieces using a grinder, which is then impregnated with liquid fertilizer at an appropriate concentration. A method for producing a plant planting material using bark, which is characterized in that the material is obtained by supplementing fertilizers such as nitrogen. 2) Bark flakes that are relatively resistant to decay are washed with water to a moisture content of about 50%, and then ground into small pieces using a grinder, and then impregnated with liquid fertilizer at an appropriate concentration to add fertilizers such as nitrogen. A method for producing a plant planting material using bark, which is obtained by supplementing and then dehumidifying and drying. 3) Plant planting material using bark, which is made by impregnating strips of bark with an appropriate concentration of liquid fertilizer, which is relatively resistant to decay. 4) Plant planting material using bark, which is made by impregnating strips of bark, which is relatively resistant to decay, with an appropriate concentration of liquid fertilizer and drying it by dehumidification. 5) A method for producing a plant planting material using bark according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is cedar bark. 6) A plant planting material using bark according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is cedar bark. 7) A method for producing a plant planting material using bark according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is the bark of a Japanese cypress. 8) A plant planting material using bark according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is the bark of a Japanese cypress. 9) A method for producing a plant planting material using bark according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is a mixture of cedar bark and cypress bark. 10) A plant planting material using bark according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bark that is relatively resistant to decay is a mixture of cedar bark and cypress bark. 11) Claims 1 and 2 in which the strips are moss-like.
A method for producing a plant implant material using the bark described in Items 1, 5, 7, and 9. 12) Claims 3 and 4 in which the strips are moss-like.
A plant planting material using the bark described in Items 6, 8, and 10. 13) Claims 1 and 2 in which the strips are feather-shaped.
A method for producing a plant implant material using the bark described in Items 1, 5, 7, and 9. 14) Claims 3 and 4 in which the strips are feather-shaped
A plant planting material using the bark described in Items 6, 8, and 10.