JPH024688A - Hopper - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To allow the substance in a main body to fall by opening a lower end opening even when said substance is received in the main body in a compacted state by providing surface parts, which respectively form pairs on the sides of the upper and lower end openings of the main body to the main body so that the distance dimension between the surface parts on the side of the lower end opening is equal to or more than that between the surface parts on the side of the upper end opening. CONSTITUTION:The upper part of a main body 14 has a cylindrical shape and prescribes a circular upper end opening 18 for receiving a substance to be received, whereas the lower part of the main body 14 is formed into a wedge like shape by the region for prescribing a pair of the first mutually opposed surface parts 20 composed of a part of the inner surface of the lower part of the main body 14 and the region for prescribing a pair of the second surface parts 22 continued to the first surface parts 20 and composed of a part of the other inner surface of the lower part of the main body 14, and the region of the main body 14 prescribing the first surface parts 20 is arranged so that the distance dimension on the side of the lower end opening 24 between both surface parts 20 becomes same to that on the side of the upper end opening 18. Therefore, the friction resistance between the substance in the main body 14 and the first surface parts 20 at the time of the falling of said substance is low.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a hopper for temporarily storing materials such as earth and sand, granular materials, powdery materials, and slurry-like materials.

(Prior Art) A hopper includes a funnel-shaped main body that opens at both upper and lower ends, means for closing a lower end opening of the main body, and means for operating the closing means to open and close the lower end opening. There is something. In this hopper, the substance contained in the main body falls from the lower end opening when the lower end opening is opened. At this time, the funnel-shaped inner surface of the body acts as a guide for causing the substance within the body to flow toward the lower end opening.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional hopper, the weight of the substance in the main body acts on the funnel-shaped inner surface of the main body as a large force in the vertical direction. as a result of which the substance often gets stuck inside the body.

In particular, in the case of a hopper that stores viscous substances such as earth and sand, the substances are compacted within the main body, and the substances strongly bond to each other and adhere strongly to the funnel-shaped inner surface. The shaped inner surface greatly hinders the falling of the substance, and it will not fall from the main body simply by opening the lower end opening.

Therefore, in the conventional hopper, an impact had to be applied to the main body in order to cause the material to fall.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hopper that allows substances inside the main body to fall by opening the lower end opening of the main body.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The hopper of the present invention includes a main body that is open at both upper and lower ends and has a circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape, a means for closing the lower end opening of the main body, and a means for closing the lower end opening of the main body. means for operating the closing means to open and close the opening, and the main body has a pair of vertically extending surface portions formed of a part of the inner surface of the main body, and a portion between the surface portions on the side of the lower end opening. It includes a pair of surface portions whose distance dimension is greater than that on the side of the upper end opening.

A pair of other surface portions of the inner surface of the main body that are separated in a direction transverse to the lower end opening by the double-sided portions are defined as inclined surfaces in which the distance between the other surface portions gradually decreases from above to below. It is preferable to do so.

Further, it is preferable that the lower end portions of the portions defining the other surface portions are provided on the main body in the form of ribs that connect them to each other.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) According to the hopper of the present invention, since the distance between the two-sided portions on the side of the lower end opening is greater than or equal to the distance on the side of the upper end opening, the weight of the substance in the main body is reduced. No force acts on the pair of surface portions in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the lower end opening of the main body is opened, the material contained in the main body between the pair of surface portions falls from the lower end opening under its own weight without being hindered by the pair of surface portions. At this time, other substances adjacent to the falling substance are guided by the falling substance and fall. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the substance inside the main body is consolidated, the substance inside the main body can be dropped by opening the lower end opening.

According to the hopper of claim (2), since the substances falling from the main body are collected at the lower end opening by the other surface portion, it is possible to prevent the substances falling from the main body from spreading over a wide range.

According to the hopper of claim (3), the other surface portion is reinforced with ribs.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.

The hopper 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a plurality of columns 12 extending in the vertical direction and a hopper body 14 supported by the columns. The body 14 is reinforced by a plurality of ribs 16 provided on its outer surface.

The upper part of the body 14 has a cylindrical shape and defines a circular upper opening 18 for receiving the substance to be contained. On the other hand, the lower part of the main body 14 includes a part that defines a pair of first surface parts 20 facing each other, which are part of the inner surface of the lower part of the main body 14, and a lower part of the main body 14 that is continuous with the first surface parts 20 and The main body 14 has a wedge-shaped shape with a portion defining a pair of second surface portions 22 consisting of another part of the inner surface.
It defines a generally rectangular lower end opening 24 into which material contained therein falls.

The first surface portion 20 is an arcuate surface having a radius of curvature that is half the inner diameter of the upper portion of the main body 14, and extends in the vertical direction so as to continue to the inner surface of the upper portion of the main body 14. In the illustrated example, the portions of the main body 14 that define the first surface portion 20 are arranged such that the distance between the double-sided portions 20 on the lower end opening 24 side is the same as that on the upper end opening 18 side. .

The second surface portion 22 is a flat surface.

In the illustrated example, the portions of the main body 14 that define the second surface portions 22 are inclined such that the distance between the second surface portions 22 decreases downward.

Note that the main body 14 has a lower end opening 24 between the first surface portions 20.
The shape may be cylindrical or square, or may be an inverted truncated cone or an inverted truncated pyramid, as long as the distance dimension on the side is equal to or greater than the stiffness on the upper end opening 18 side.

The lower end opening 24 has a rib 26 having an inverted V-shaped cross section.
It is divided into two openings 24a and 24b.

Rib 26 is arranged to interconnect the lower ends of the portion of body 14 that defines second surface portion 22 .

Each opening 24a is provided below the main body 14.

Two sets of shutter mechanisms 28 that open and close 24b in a double sliding door style
a and 28b are arranged. The shutter mechanisms 28a and 28b correspond to the openings 24a and 24b, respectively, and also correspond to the corresponding openings 24a and 24b.
b is arranged so that it can be opened and closed like a double sliding door.

Each shutter mechanism 28a, 28b has a corresponding opening 24a, as shown in FIGS. 4-6.

A plate-shaped shutter 30 arranged to close 24b
, a guide rail 32 for the shutter, and a shutter 30
and a jack 34 that moves the door like a single sliding door.

However, instead of using the two sets of shutter mechanisms 28a and 28b, a single shutter mechanism may be used to open and close the lower end opening 24. Further, instead of the double sliding door type shutter mechanisms 28a and 28b, other mechanisms such as a single sliding door type, a double door type, a single door type shutter mechanism, a roll-up shutter mechanism, etc. may be used.

Each shutter 30 has a rectangular planar shape and is arranged to extend in the longitudinal direction of the corresponding openings 24a, 24b. At both longitudinal ends of each shutter 30,
A plurality of wheels 36 rolling on the guide rail 32 are rotatably provided.

Each wheel 36 has a flange that prevents it from coming off the guide rail 32.

Each guide rail 32 is supported so as to extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lower end opening 24 by beams 38 that are located at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the lower end opening 24 and extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lower end opening 24. .

A pair of beams 38 supporting guide rails 32 disposed on both longitudinal end sides of the lower end opening 24 are connected to the lower end opening 24.
It is attached via a bracket 40 to a pair of support columns separated in the width direction. A beam 38 supporting a guide rail 32 arranged at the longitudinal center of the lower end opening 24
A pair of beams 4 are attached via brackets 42 to a pair of supports separated in the longitudinal direction of the lower end opening 24.
It is supported by 4.

Each jack 34 connects the corresponding shutter 30 to the lower end opening 2.
It is pivotally connected to a bracket 48 attached to the beam 44 by a stand 46 so as to move it in the width direction of the beam 44. The rod of the jack 34 is pivotally attached to the corresponding shutter 30.

Note that each jack 34 may be pivotally attached to the main body 14.

Each guide rail 32 has a shutter 30 at a lower end opening 24.
A pair of protrusions 50 are provided that bring the upper surface of the shutter 30 into close contact with the lower end surface of the main body 14 when the shutter 30 is moved to the closing position. The position of each guide rail 32 in the longitudinal direction of the beam 38 is adjusted by a position adjustment mechanism 52 attached to the beam 38.

When storing materials such as earth and sand, the jack 34 of the shutter mechanism 288.degree. 28b is extended. As a result, the shutter 30
is moved toward the center in the width direction of the openings 24a and 24b. When the shutter 30 is moved to the vicinity of the widthwise center of the openings 24a, 24b, the wheels 36 ride on the protrusion 50, and the shutter 30 is pressed against the lower end of the main body 14. As a result, since the shutter 30 is brought into close contact with the lower end of the main body 14, the substance within the main body 14 does not flow out from the lower end opening 24.

When dropping the substance contained within the body 14, the jacks 34 of the shutter mechanisms 28a, 28b are retracted.

As a result, the shutter 30 is moved in the opposite direction, and the lower end opening 24 is opened. When the lower end opening 24 is opened, the substance within the body 14 will fall through the lower end opening 24.

Since the first surface portions 20 extend parallel to each other in the vertical direction, they do not bear the weight of the material within the body 14, so that when the material within the body 14 falls, the material and the first surface portions 20 are Low friction between FF and low resistance. As a result, even if the substance inside the main body 14 is a viscous substance such as earth and sand,
Further, even if the material is consolidated, the material in the space between the first surface portions 20 will fall first, and the material in other spaces will be attracted by this and will also fall.

According to the hopper 10, the portions defining the second surface portion 22 of the body 14 are prevented from being deformed by the weight of the material within the body 14 because they are connected to each other by ribs 26.

Furthermore, since the rib 26 has an inverted V-shaped cross-section, the rib 26 will not be deformed by the weight of the substance inside the main body 14, and the rib 26 will not prevent the substance from falling. Further, when the shutter 50 moves, the shutter 50 is moved to the main body 14.
Since it does not touch the lower end of the shutter 50, the movement of the shutter 50 is smooth.
It becomes something.

Note that when the main body 14 has a cylindrical shape, a rectangular tube shape, an inverted truncated cone shape, or an inverted truncated pyramid shape, a truncated conical or truncated pyramid shape is provided below the shutter mechanisms 28a and 28b. By arranging the shaped chute, the material falling from the main body 14 can be collected in a predetermined area.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the hopper of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the hopper in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in Figure 2. , Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the shutter mechanism part, Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Fig. 5. FIG. 10: Hopper - 12: Strut, 14: Main body, 18: Upper end opening, 20: First surface portion, 22: Second surface portion, 24: Lower end opening, 26: Rib, 28a, 28b rainbow ll' ivy mechanism . Figure 1 n

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A main body that is open at both upper and lower ends and has a circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape, a means for closing the lower end opening of the main body, and a means for operating the closing means to open and close the lower end opening. The main body includes a pair of surface portions extending in the vertical direction and formed of a part of the inner surface of the main body, and a distance between the surface portions on the side of the lower end opening is greater than that on the side of the upper end opening. hopper, including the face part of the hopper. (2) The main body includes a pair of other surface portions separated by the double-sided portions in a direction transverse to the lower end opening, and the distance between the other surface portions gradually decreases from above toward the bottom. The hopper of claim 1, further comprising a surface portion. (3) Claim (2), wherein the main body further includes a rib that interconnects lower ends of the portion defining the other surface portion.
Hopper as described in.