JPH0243966A - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce pressure losses without a lowering of dust collection efficiencies by causing a top plate to be inclined from the circumferential periphery at the end of a cylindrical part toward the center axis thereof. CONSTITUTION:A top plate 2 is connected to the upper end of a vertical cylinder and a cone 4 is connected to the lower end thereof, while a fluid introduction port 1 is attached to a cylindrical part 3 in a tangential direction thereto and a cylindrical fluid discharge port 7 is provided through the top plate 2. And the top plate 2 is caused to be inclined from the circumferential periphery of the part 3 downwardly toward the center axis thereof. As a result, pressure losses can be reduced without lowering dust collection efficiencies and, since a total apparent height can be decreased, when cyolone separators are stacked in a multistage manner, entire height can be reduced as in the case of a suspension preheater, i.e., a preheater of raw materials for cement. Further, since an inner cylinder of a cyclone separator is not required, installation and maintenance costs can be decreased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field 1] The present invention relates to a cyclone separator that separates solid particles contained in a fluid into fluid and solid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cyclone separator that reduces pressure loss and improves dust collection efficiency.

[Prior Art] As shown in Fig. 2, a conventional cyclone separator has a cylindrical part 3 and a cone part 4 connected to the lower end thereof, and has a fluid inlet in the upper part of the cylindrical part for introducing dust-containing fluid. l is provided on the cutting line. A fluid discharge duct 6 for discharging the introduced fluid is provided so as to penetrate through the ceiling plate 2 placed on the upper end of the cylindrical portion 3 of the cyclone separator main body. An inner cylinder 5 is suspended from the ceiling plate 2 into the cylindrical part 3 on the same axis as the fluid discharge duct.

The dust-containing fluid containing solid particles introduced into the cyclone separator is guided to the space formed between the first cylindrical part 3 and the inner cylinder 5, where it becomes a swirling downward flow, and the centrifugal force generated at this time As a result, the solid particles in the fluid move toward the inner walls of the cylindrical portion 3 and the cone portion 4, and fall downward along the inner walls due to gravity.

- The force fluid descends while swirling, reverses itself at the lower end of the inner cylinder 5, becomes a swirling upward flow, passes through the inner cylinder 5, and enters the fluid discharge duct 6.
more excreted.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional cyclone separator described above, the fluid inlet l is horizontally connected to the cylindrical portion 3, and solid matter accumulates on the bottom surface of this horizontal portion. This accumulation disrupts the flow of the fluid introduced into the cyclone separator, and the cross-sectional area of the fluid inlet 1 becomes smaller, increasing the fluid flow rate.
Pressure loss increases.

In addition, since the fluid is introduced horizontally, the descending angle of the swirling downward flow within the cyclone separator is small (the fluid swirls within the cyclone separator more than necessary, resulting in pressure loss in the boundary area between the swirling downward flow and the upward flow). was causing the increase.

Conventionally, in order to prevent the dust-containing fluid introduced into the cyclone separator from making a short path to the fluid discharge duct 6, an inner cylinder 5 is suspended inside the cyclone separator. In this case, the wear and tear of the inner cylinder 5 was severe and it was necessary to frequently replace the inner cylinder 5.

As a result of various studies aimed at solving the above problems, we have developed the following device.

[Means to solve the problem] The present invention includes the following technical means.

(1) The ceiling plate of the cyclone separator is tilted downward from the upper end of the cylindrical portion toward the center. It is not necessary to provide an inner cylinder inside the cyclone separator.

(2) When tilting the ceiling plate of the cyclone separator diagonally downward, the shape of the ceiling plate is made concave, convex, or uneven.

(3) The bottom surface of the spirally connected portion of the fluid introduction path of the cyclone separator to the cyclone body is inclined toward the axis of the cyclone separator. The angle of inclination is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal, preferably the same angle as the angle of inclination of the cone.

[Effect 1 The fluid introduced into the cyclone separator flows horizontally in the duct before being introduced into the cyclone separator, but at the time the fluid is introduced into the cyclone separator of the present invention, the ceiling plate of the cyclone separator is exposed. Since it is inclined downward from the radial side toward the center side, the flow direction of the introduced fluid is bent diagonally downward toward the inner wall of the cyclone separator, resulting in a swirling downward flow along the inner wall. At this time, the descending angle of the swirling downward flow is larger than that in the case where the ceiling is installed horizontally, so the number of turns of the swirling downward flow and the swirling upward flow is reduced, and the pressure loss is reduced.

The solids that are further separated and move downward along the inner wall of the cyclone separator will also quickly move downward along the inner wall of the cyclone separator and be discharged to the outside, since the number of turns of the fluid will also decrease as the number of turns of the fluid decreases. Ru.

Furthermore, by tilting the ceiling of the cyclone separator, the flow direction of the introduced fluid is bent downward, so there is no need to provide an inner cylinder (and there is no short path to the fluid discharge duct).

If the shape of the ceiling of the cyclone is convex upward,
The effect of turning the introduced airflow into a swirling downward flow is the same as when the ceiling plate is made face-up or concave, and is suitable for processing a large-volume airflow with a high concentration of dust. Moreover, when the shape of the ceiling portion is upwardly concave, the effect of lowering the swirling flow becomes greater. Therefore, the shape of the cyclone ceiling plate may be appropriately selected depending on the air flow to be treated, the dust concentration, the shape of the cyclone body, etc.5 The cyclone separator of the present invention can be , the apparent installation height can be reduced, and if multiple cyclone separators are installed in series, the overall height can be reduced.

The fluid introduction path is connected to the cylindrical portion of the cyclone separator in a spiral shape, and it is desirable that the ceiling portion thereof be a water-moisture surface and be flat at least up to the end of the spiral.

The discharge duct of the cyclone separator may be provided on the same axis as the central axis of the cylindrical part, but as shown in Fig. 3, it is located 1/2 in the direction of fluid movement from the spiral end of the fluid introduction path.
It may be provided eccentrically from the center of the cylindrical portion 3 in an area that has progressed beyond the circumference.

In addition, as a general rule, the inner cylinder of the cyclone separator is
However, it is preferable to suspend from the ceiling a plate of any shape that guides the fluid from which the solids have been separated to the discharge duct, since this further reduces pressure loss.

The inclination angle of the ceiling of the cyclone separator may be determined in accordance with the diameter and height of the cyclone separator, taking into account the downward flow within the cyclone separator. It is best to position it at a height of 20-80% of the height (,5
It is preferable to set it to about 0%.6 Since the bottom plate of the spiral part of the fluid introduction path is sloped downward, the solid matter that settles on this bottom plate will have its own f
Fi! Otherwise, it is pushed by the fluid and easily flows into the Nifron separator and is not deposited in this part.

[Embodiment j FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention will be explained in detail based on this figure.

The dust-containing fluid is introduced into the cyclone separator body via the fluid inlet l. The introduced dust-containing fluid is transferred to the ceiling plate 2.
Since it is inclined downward, it is guided diagonally downward, rotates downward through the outer circumferential side space inside the cylindrical part 3, reaches the cone part 4, where it is reversed and turns upward +j7 jM, and reaches the fluid discharge duct 6. It flows out of the cyclone separator.

On the other hand, solids in the fluid are separated by the centrifugal force caused by the swirling, move downward by gravity while swirling along the inner walls of the cylindrical portion 3 and the cone portion 4, and are discharged from the discharge lower to the outside of the cyclone separator. Furthermore, since the bottom surface 8 of the spiral portion of the fluid introduction path was sloped, no solid accumulation was observed.

Using a conventional cyclone separator and the cyclone separator shown in Example 1 having the same diameter, the pressure loss and dust collection efficiency were investigated with the same inlet wind speed to the cyclone separator, and the results are shown in Table 1. It was found that the cyclone separator of the present invention had a smaller pressure loss. Furthermore, it has been found that the height of the cylindrical portion of the cyclone separator main body can be reduced by 20 to 30% in appearance.

Table 1 Relationship between pressure loss and dust collection efficiency FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which the fluid discharge duct 6 is eccentric. Without losing the effect of sloping the ceiling,
The position of the fluid discharge duct 6 can be changed depending on the wake fluid path. Fig. 4 shows an example in which the ceiling plate 2 is made convex upward, Fig. 5 shows an example in which the ceiling plate 2 is made convex and concave upward, and Fig. 6 shows an example in which the ceiling plate 2 is made convex and concave upward. In the examples in which ceiling board 2 is concave upward, it has been confirmed that the same effect as in the case where ceiling board 2 is face-shaped is obtained.

[Effect 1 of the Invention As described above, the cyclone separator of the present invention can reduce pressure loss without reducing dust collection efficiency. Also, the apparent overall height can be lowered, so
When cyclone separators are stacked in multiple stages, such as in a suspension breheater, which is a device for preheating cement raw materials, the overall height can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the inner cylinder of the cyclone separator is not required, equipment costs and maintenance costs are reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows (a) a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention ((b) a view taken along the line A-A in the figure), (b) a view taken along the line B-B, and FIG. (a) Longitudinal sectional view, (b) Plan view, FIG. 3 is (a) Longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention,
(b) A plan view, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are longitudinal sectional views of an embodiment in which the shape of the ceiling plate is changed. -Fluid inlet 2...Ceiling plate 3...Cylindrical section 4...Cone section 5...-Inner cylinder 6...-Fluid discharge duct 7-...Outlet Applicant Mitsubishi Mining Cement Agent Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A ceiling plate is connected to the upper end of an upright cylindrical shape, a cone part is connected to the lower end part, a fluid inlet is provided in the tangential direction of the cylindrical part, and a cylindrical shape is formed by penetrating the ceiling plate. 1. A cyclone separator provided with a fluid discharge port, characterized in that the ceiling plate is inclined downward from the periphery of the cylindrical portion toward the axis. 2. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, wherein the ceiling plate has an upwardly concave and/or convex shape. 3. The cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom plate of the spiral fluid introduction path portion joined to the cyclone separator main body is inclined downward toward the axis of the cyclone separator.