JPH0238473A - Oil-based ink - Google Patents
Oil-based inkInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0238473A JPH0238473A JP63189987A JP18998788A JPH0238473A JP H0238473 A JPH0238473 A JP H0238473A JP 63189987 A JP63189987 A JP 63189987A JP 18998788 A JP18998788 A JP 18998788A JP H0238473 A JPH0238473 A JP H0238473A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- oil
- based ink
- emergence
- writing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 38
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明はインキ出がよく、カスレが生じにくく、筆跡の
ニジミのない油性インキに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an oil-based ink that has good ink flow, is hard to cause fading, and does not cause handwriting to bleed.
［従来の技術とその問題点コ
従来、油性インキは、一般紙用に用いられているのはも
ちろんのこと、フィルム等の非吸収面用として好適なも
のであるが、一般紙用の油性インキを用いてフィルム等
の非吸収面に筆記した場合には、インキの粘度が低いた
め、筆跡のニジミが生じ、フィルム等用の油性インキを
一般紙用として用いた場合は、インキの粘度が高く、カ
スレが生じやすく、いまだこれらの筆記面に用いて、良
好な筆跡が得られる油性インキはなかった。[Conventional technology and its problems] Conventionally, oil-based inks have been used not only for general paper but also for non-absorbent surfaces such as films; When writing on a non-absorbing surface such as a film, the viscosity of the ink is low, resulting in smudging of the handwriting, and when oil-based ink for film, etc. is used for general paper, the viscosity of the ink is high. However, there is no oil-based ink that can be used on these writing surfaces to obtain good handwriting.
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明は上記問題点に鑑みなされたものであり。[Means for solving problems] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
即ち、着色材と有機溶剤とジメチルシリコンオイルと下
記一般式で示される物質とを少なくとも含有する油性イ
ンキをその要旨とする。That is, the gist thereof is an oil-based ink containing at least a colorant, an organic solvent, dimethyl silicone oil, and a substance represented by the following general formula.
Ｃ９Ｈ工。C9H engineer.
（ｍは２又は３を示す） 以下、本発明の各成分について詳述する。(m indicates 2 or 3) Each component of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
本発明に用いる着色剤として、具体的には、従来−船釣
に用いられている油溶性染料や無機顔料、有機顔料など
の顔料等が挙げられ、これらは適宜必要に応じて一種も
しくは二種以上混合して用いることができる。その使用
量は、インキ全量に対し、２．０〜２０．０重量％が好
ましいが、耐光性、耐水性といった点より顔料を用いる
のがより好ましい。Specific examples of the coloring agent used in the present invention include pigments such as oil-soluble dyes, inorganic pigments, and organic pigments conventionally used in boat fishing, and one or two types of these may be used as appropriate. The above can be mixed and used. The amount used is preferably 2.0 to 20.0% by weight based on the total amount of ink, but it is more preferable to use pigments from the viewpoint of light resistance and water resistance.
有機溶剤は、溶剤として使用するものであり、具体的に
は、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素、メタノー
ル、エタノール、ｎ−プロパツル、１ｓｏ−プロパツー
ル、メチルセロソルブ、エチルセロソルブ、ベンジルア
ルコール、フェニルセロソルブ等のアルコール系有機溶
剤等が挙げられ、これらは一種もしくは二種以上混合し
て用いるものであり、その使用量は、インキ全量に対し
、４０〜９０重量％が好ましいが、臭気、毒性といった
点よりメタノール、エタノール、ｎ−プロパツール、１
ｓｏ−プロパツール等の脂肪族アルコールを用いるのが
より好ましい。Organic solvents are those used as solvents, and specifically include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, methanol, ethanol, n-propatul, 1so-propatul, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, benzyl alcohol, and phenyl. Examples include alcohol-based organic solvents such as Cellosolve, which are used singly or as a mixture of two or more, and the amount used is preferably 40 to 90% by weight based on the total amount of ink, but it may cause odor, toxicity, etc. methanol, ethanol, n-propertool, 1
More preferably, an aliphatic alcohol such as so-propanol is used.
ジメチルシリコンオイルは、非吸収面でのわれをよくし
、ハジキを防ぐ為用いるものであり、その使用量は、イ
ンキ全量に対し、０．０１〜１゜０重量％が好ましい。Dimethyl silicone oil is used to improve spread on non-absorbing surfaces and prevent repellency, and the amount used is preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by weight based on the total amount of ink.
下記一般式で示される物質は、インキ出向上剤として用
いるものであり、その使用量は、０．０１〜２．０重量
％が好ましい。The substance represented by the following general formula is used as an ink ejection improver, and the amount used is preferably 0.01 to 2.0% by weight.
Ｃ９Ｈ□９
（ｍは２又は３を示す）
また、上記各成分以外に必要に応じ、定着性向上剤、防
錆剤、各種活性剤、可溶化剤等が適宜選択して使用可能
である。C9H□9 (m represents 2 or 3) In addition to the above-mentioned components, fixing improvers, rust preventives, various activators, solubilizers, etc. may be appropriately selected and used as required.
次に本発明の油性インキの製造方法としては各種の方法
が採用できるが、その−例を挙げると、先ず前記各成分
を配合し、公知の攪拌機にて十分に混合攪拌することに
より得られるものであるが、不溶解分を除去するために
、遠心分離やろ過等の工程を加えてもよい。Next, various methods can be adopted as a method for manufacturing the oil-based ink of the present invention, but an example thereof is one obtained by first blending the above-mentioned components and thoroughly mixing and stirring using a known stirrer. However, steps such as centrifugation and filtration may be added to remove undissolved components.
［作 用］
本発明における油性インキが、何故インキ出がよく、カ
スレが生じにくく、筆跡のニジミがないのかについては
定かではないが、以下のように推察される。[Function] It is not clear why the oil-based ink of the present invention has good ink flow, is hard to cause fading, and does not cause handwriting to bleed, but it is speculated as follows.
一
ジメチルシリコンオイルがインキに対して何らかの作用
を及ぼすことにより、非吸収面におけるインキのねれ性
を良好にし、筆跡にムラが生じにくく、ニジミがないも
のと推測される。It is presumed that the mono-dimethyl silicone oil exerts some kind of effect on the ink, thereby improving the wetting properties of the ink on the non-absorbing surface, making handwriting less likely to be uneven and free from smudging.
又、下記一般式で示される物質が、インキに対して、何
らかの作用を及ぼすこすことにより、筆記面におけるイ
ンキのねれ性を良好にし、ペン先へのインキの流れがス
ムーズになり、インキ出がよく、カスレが生じにくくな
るものと推測される。In addition, the substance represented by the general formula below exerts some kind of action on the ink and, when rubbed, improves the wetting properties of the ink on the writing surface, smoothing the flow of ink to the pen tip, and improving ink output. It is presumed that this reduces the chance of smudging.
Ｃ，Ｈ工。C, H engineering.
タマノール１００Ｓ ５．０部（フェノ
ール樹脂、荒用化学工業■製）ジメチルシリコンオイル
０．１部Ｃ９Ｈ工。Tamanol 100S 5.0 parts (phenol resin, manufactured by Arayo Kagaku Kogyo ■) Dimethyl silicone oil 0.1 part C9H engineering.
ＶａｌｉＦａｓｔ Ｂｌａｃｋ ＃ ３８０４
１０ 、 Ｏ部上記各成分を配合し、市販の撹拌機にて
１時間撹拌し、油性黒色インキを得た。ValiFast Black #3804
10. Part O The above components were blended and stirred for 1 hour using a commercially available stirrer to obtain an oil-based black ink.
坦較剪↓
実施例１より、ジメチルシリコンオイルを除き、その量
だけＣ，Ｈ□９
（ｍは２又は３を示す）
［実施例］
以下、実施例により更に具体的に説明するが、実施例、
比較例中単にｒ部」とあるのは「重量部」を示すものと
する。Flat comparison ↓ From Example 1, dimethyl silicone oil was removed and only the amount of C, H example,
In the comparative examples, "r parts" indicates "parts by weight."
実施例１
エタノール ７４．７部１ｓｏ−
プロパツール １０．０部を増やした以外は
実施例１と同様にして油性黒色インキを得た。Example 1 Ethanol 74.7 parts 1so-
An oil-based black ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10.0 parts of Propatool was added.
失灸孤ス
ｎ−プロパツール ８７．６部タマノール
５１０ ７．０部（フェノール樹脂、荒
用化学工業■製）ジメチルシリコンオイル
０．２部Ｃ，１，５ｏｌｖｅｎｔ Ｒｅｄ ４９
５． Ｏ部上記各成分を配合し、実施例１と同様
にして、油性赤色インキを得た。Moxibustion Sox N-Propa Tool 87.6 parts Tamanol 510 7.0 parts (phenol resin, manufactured by Arayo Kagaku Kogyo ■) Dimethyl silicone oil
0.2 part C, 1,5olvent Red 49
5. Part O: The above components were blended and the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an oil-based red ink.
井ＪＬｆｆＬ工
実施例３より、ジメチルシリコンオイル及び９Ｈ１９
を除き、その量だけジメチルシリコンオイルを増やした
以外は実施例２と同様にして油性赤色インキを得た。An oil-based red ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that dimethyl silicone oil and 9H19 were removed from Example 3, and dimethyl silicone oil was increased by the same amount.
失族貫旦
エタノール ８３．４４２部メタノー
ル ５．Ｑ 部タマノール５１
０ ７．Ｏ部（フェノール樹脂、荒用化学
工業■製）ジメチルシリコンオイル ０．００８
部９Ｈ１９
Ｃ，１，５ｏｌｖｅｎｔ Ｂｌｕｅ ２４． Ｏ部上記
各成分を配合し、実施例１と同様にして、油性青色イン
キを得た。Shizokukantan ethanol 83.442 parts methanol 5. Q Department Tamanol 51
0 7. Part O (phenol resin, manufactured by Arayo Kagaku Kogyo ■) Dimethyl silicone oil 0.008
Part 9H19 C, 1, 5olvent Blue 24. Part O: The above components were blended and the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an oil-based blue ink.
を除き、その量だけエタノールを増やした以外は実施例
３と同様にして油性青色インキを得た。An oil-based blue ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that ethanol was increased by the same amount.
夫ＩＬ±
メチルセロソルブ ８０．９部ｎ−プロ
パツール １０，０部タマノール５１０
５．０部（フェノール樹脂、荒用化学
工業曲製）ジメチルシリコンオイル ０．０５
部Ｃ，１，５ｏｌｖｅｎｔ Ｂｉｏｌｅｔ ８
４． Ｏ部上記各成分を配合し、実施例１と同様にし
て、油性紫色インキを得た。Husband IL± Methyl cellosolve 80.9 parts n-propatool 10.0 parts Tamanol 510
5.0 parts (phenol resin, manufactured by Arayo Kagaku Kogyo Kyoku) Dimethyl silicone oil 0.05
Part C, 1, 5olvent Biolet 8
4. Part O: The above components were blended and the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an oil-based purple ink.
ル較孤↓ 実施例４より、Ｃ９Ｈ□。Le comparison↓ From Example 4, C9H□.
を加えた以外は実施例４と同様にして油性紫色インキを
得た。An oil-based purple ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that .
皮絞災旦
上記各成分を配合し、実施例１と同様にして油性赤色イ
ンキを得た。The above ingredients were blended and the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to obtain an oil-based red ink.
比較例６ 実施例５より、Ｃ，Ｈ工。Comparative example 6 From Example 5, C and H work.
を除き，その量だけＣＬＱＨ２□
を加えた以外は実施例４と同様にして油性紫色インキを
得た。An oil-based purple ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, except that CLQH2□ was added in the same amount.
寒凰孤）
エチルセロソルブ ２１．９９２部ｉｓｏー
プロパツール １０．０ 部タマノール１００
Ｓ ５．０ 部（フェノール樹脂、荒
用化学工業曲製）ジメチルシリコンオイル １．
○ 部Ｃ ９ Ｈ １ ９
Ｃ． １．Ｓｏｌｖｅｎｔ Ｒｅｄ １００６．０部を
加えた以外は実施例５と同様にして油性赤色インキを得
た。Ethyl Cellosolve 21.992 parts ISO-proper tool 10.0 parts Tamanol 100
S 5.0 parts (phenol resin, made by Arayo Kagaku Kogyo Kyoku) Dimethyl silicone oil 1.
○ Part C 9 H 1 9 C. 1. An oil-based red ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 1006.0 parts of Solvent Red was added.
比較例７ 実施例５より、Ｃ９Ｈ１。Comparative example 7 From Example 5, C9H1.
を除き、その量だけＣ８Ｈよ、
を加えた以外は実施例５と同様にして油性赤色インキを
得た。An oil-based red ink was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that C8H was added in the same amount.
［効 果］
実施例１〜５、比較例１〜７で得られた油性インキを市
販の繊維ペン マークペんてる（ＭＳ５０、ぺんてる開
裂）に２．０ｇ充填し、カスレ、ニジミについて試験を
行なった結果を下表に示す。[Effects] 2.0 g of the oil-based inks obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were filled into a commercially available fiber pen Mark Pentel (MS50, Pentel cleavage), and tested for fading and bleeding. The results are shown in the table below.
×１カスレ
・・・ＪＩＳ Ｐ３２０１筆記用紙Ａに縦１．５ａｎ
、横４．５ｃｍの長方形の中に入る大きさに５回丸を連
続して
筆記を３回行ない、カスレ有無に関
して目視判定をした
○・・・・・カスレなし
△・・・・ややカスレる
×・・・カスレ
×２ニジミ ・ ポリプロピレンのフィルム上に縦１．
５ａ＋＋、横４．５ｃｍの長方形の中に入る大きさに５
回丸を連続して筆
記を３回行ない、ニジミ有無に関し
て目視判定をした
○・・・ニジミなし
△・ ややニジミあり
× ・ニジミあり
以上の様に、本発明における油性インキは従来の油性イ
ンキと比較し、インキ出がよく、カスレが生じにくく、
筆跡のニジミのないものである。×1 stain... JIS P3201 writing paper A, length 1.5an
, I drew a circle 5 times in a row and wrote it down 3 times in a rectangle with a width of 4.5 cm, and visually judged whether there was any scratching. ×...Scale x 2 stains ・1. vertically on polypropylene film.
5a++, 5 to fit inside a rectangle with a width of 4.5cm
Writing was performed three times in succession, and the presence or absence of bleeding was visually judged. ○... No bleeding △ Slight bleeding × ・Bleaching As described above, the oil-based ink of the present invention is different from conventional oil-based ink. In comparison, ink flow is good and smudging is less likely to occur.
There are no smudges in the handwriting.
又、本発明の油性インキは筆記具用、記録計用、ジェッ
トプリンター用として使用できるものである。Furthermore, the oil-based ink of the present invention can be used for writing instruments, recorders, and jet printers.
Claims (1)
式で示される物質とを少なくとも含有する油性インキ。 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ （ｍは２又は３を示す）[Scope of Claims] An oil-based ink containing at least a colorant, an organic solvent, dimethyl silicone oil, and a substance represented by the following general formula. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (m indicates 2 or 3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18998788A JP2662883B2 (en) | 1988-07-29 | 1988-07-29 | Oil-based ink |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18998788A JP2662883B2 (en) | 1988-07-29 | 1988-07-29 | Oil-based ink |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0238473A true JPH0238473A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| JP2662883B2 JP2662883B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
Family
ID=16250495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18998788A Expired - Fee Related JP2662883B2 (en) | 1988-07-29 | 1988-07-29 | Oil-based ink |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2662883B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000020521A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Piezo inkjet inks and methods for making and using same |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4930A (en) * | 1972-04-13 | 1974-01-05 | ||
| JPS5424198A (en) * | 1977-07-26 | 1979-02-23 | Naigai Steel Works | Band feeder |
| JPS60228318A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1985-11-13 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Sorting device for front and back of component part in vibration type part feeder |
| JPS6175716A (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-04-18 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic vibrator |
| JPS6175717A (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-04-18 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic vibrator |
-
1988
- 1988-07-29 JP JP18998788A patent/JP2662883B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4930A (en) * | 1972-04-13 | 1974-01-05 | ||
| JPS5424198A (en) * | 1977-07-26 | 1979-02-23 | Naigai Steel Works | Band feeder |
| JPS60228318A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1985-11-13 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Sorting device for front and back of component part in vibration type part feeder |
| JPS6175716A (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-04-18 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic vibrator |
| JPS6175717A (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-04-18 | Shinko Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic vibrator |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000020521A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Piezo inkjet inks and methods for making and using same |
| US6113679A (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-09-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Piezo inkjet inks and methods for making and using same |
| AU746181B2 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2002-04-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Piezo inkjet inks and methods for making and using same |
| US6379444B1 (en) | 1998-10-06 | 2002-04-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Piezo inkjet inks and methods for making and using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2662883B2 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |