JPH0238166B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a seedling-raising seeding machine that forms a recess in the bed soil in a seedling-raising box and sows seeds into the recess.

(Conventional device) When growing seedlings for a rice transplanter using a seedling box, if the seeds are sown on the top of a flat soil bed, the seeds may be moved during supply of covering soil or irrigation. Therefore, in order to achieve more accurate spot sowing or row sowing, conventionally, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-51116, a large number of seeding depressions are formed on the top surface of the soil bed, and seeds are sown in these depressions. A device has been devised to do this.

This conventional device sequentially forms seeding recesses from the edge of the soil bed while transporting the seedling nursery box, and also supplies seeds sequentially from the recess on the starting end to the recess on the terminal end while transporting the seedling raising box. I'm going.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In such conventional devices, since the recesses are formed and the seeds are sown one row at a time while the seedling growing box is being transported, it is difficult to form the recesses in accurate positions relative to the seedling growing box. In addition, the seeding position may shift relative to the recess.

By the way, in the past, Utility Model No. 51-106717
As shown in the publication, a drilling tool that simultaneously forms a large number of seeding recesses on the front surface of the soil bed, and a
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 54729, a device has been devised that sows seeds all at once on the front surface of the soil bed.

However, the former drilling tool is not configured to be applicable to automated equipment such as the conventional device,
Further, the latter seeding device also requires a sowing guide for supplying seeds for each seedling growing box, and must be manually placed and held in the seedling growing box.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In view of these various conventional problems, the present invention makes it possible to freely lower the perforating plate 22 and the seeding member 51 for the bed soil to the upper surface of the bed soil 25, and to make the transport device 3 The perforated plate 22 and the seeding member 5 can be conveyed intermittently.
By configuring the seedling raising box 2 to be stopped below each of the seedling boxes 1, the seeding recesses 26 can be formed at once and accurately over the entire area (the entire surface) of the bed soil, and all the recesses 2
It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling seeding sowing machine that can supply seeds to the seedlings 6 at once and accurately, and that can also perform these operations automatically.

The features of the present invention for achieving this purpose include a transport device 3 for placing and intermittently transporting the seedling raising box 2 on which bed soil 25 is laid, and a transport device 3 disposed on the upper side of the transport device 3. Seedling raising box 2 stopped due to
The soil bed 25 descends to the upper surface of the soil bed 25 and the seeding recess 26 is lowered to the soil bed 25.
A perforated plate 22 that is formed over the entire area of 5 at once.
a bed soil drilling device 4 having a soil drilling device 4; and a sowing member disposed on the lower side thereof that descends above the bed soil 25 of the stopped seedling raising box 2 and supplies seeds 6 at once to the sowing recesses 26 in the entire region of the bed soil 25. Seeding device 5 with 51
The sowing member 51 is configured to be able to move horizontally back and forth after being raised after sowing, and above the sowing member 51 is a seed plate that supplies seeds 6 to the entire area of the sowing member 51 when the sowing member 51 moves horizontally. The point is that a supply mechanism 9 is provided.

(Function) When the seedling raising box 2 with bed soil 25 is placed on the transport device 3 and conveyed to the bed soil drilling device 4, it stops below the drilling board 22, and this is detected and the drilling board 22 is lowered. do. A bed of soil 25 is placed on the perforated board 22.
Since a large number of corresponding protrusions 24 are provided over the entire area, a large number of sowing recesses 26 are formed at once on the upper surface of the soil bed 25 by their descent, and after the recesses are formed, the perforating plate 22 is raised. After that, the seedling raising box 2 is transported by the transport device 3 to the seeding device 5 for the next step. The seedling raising box 2 is stopped below the seeding member 51, and the seeding member 51 descends to sow seeds into all the seeding recesses 26 at once from a position close to the top surface of the bed soil 25. After sowing is completed, the seeding member 51 is raised. After that, the seedling raising box 2 is transported to the lower side to be taken out from the transport device 3. On the other hand, the raised seeding member 51
moves horizontally, receives seeds 6 from the seed supply mechanism 9 over its entire area, and returns to the original sowing position.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the entire seedling-raising seeding machine 1, which is roughly divided into a conveying device 3 on which a seedling-raising box 2 is placed and conveyed intermittently, and a soil bed placed above the conveying device 3. The seeding device 5 is equipped with a hole punching device 4 and a seeding device 5 disposed on the lower side of the upper side, and the seeding device 5 has a seeding mechanism 7 that supplies seeds 6 into the nursery box 2.
and a seed supply mechanism 9 that supplies seeds 6 from a hopper 8 to this sowing mechanism 7.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the conveyance device 3 is
A pair of left and right outward-opening U-shaped cross-sectional frames 12
A large number of rotating shafts 13 are mounted on the shaft, and these rotating shafts 13
A sprocket 15 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 13 in the frame 12, and the power from the motor 16 attached to the frame 12 is transmitted to each sprocket 15 through a chain 17.
By intermittently operating the motor 16, the seedling growing box 2 placed on the rollers 14 can be intermittently conveyed in the direction of arrow A. A conveyor 18 is formed by the rollers 14 and the like, and the conveyor 18 can also be replaced by a belt conveyor.

The floor soil drilling device 4 is shown in detail in FIGS.
A perforated plate 2 is installed in the casing 21 mounted on the casing 21.
2 are arranged so that they can be raised and lowered.

This perforated plate 22 is thermocompressed onto the lower surface of the plate material 23.
A corresponding number of protrusions 24 are fixed over the entire area of the soil floor 25 via bolts, adhesive, or the like.
The protrusions 24 are formed by arranging rod-like objects in a vertical and horizontal direction for spot sowing, and by arranging plate-like objects in a direction perpendicular to the conveyance direction A for row sowing. The protrusion amount of the protrusion 24 is sufficiently larger than the distance from the upper edge of the seedling raising box 2 to the upper surface of the soil bed 25, and forms the sowing recess 26 by being pressed against the upper surface of the soil bed.

The lower end of a screw rod 27 is pivotally connected to the square of the perforated plate 22, and this screw rod 27 is connected to the upper wall 21a of the casing 21 and the support plate 2 fixed to the upper surface thereof.
A female screw member 30 passing through the sprocket 8 and fixing the sprocket 29 is screwed therein.

A central support plate 31 is provided at the center of the upper wall of the casing 21.
A motor 32 is mounted on the motor 32, and two vertical shafts 33 and 34 are supported between the center support plate 31 and the upper wall 31a via bearings. The first vertical shaft 33 has two sprockets 35,
36 is fixed, and the upper sprocket 35 is connected to the motor 3.
The lower sprocket 36 is connected to the sprocket 38 provided on the second vertical shaft 34 and one chain 39 connected to the sprocket 29 screwed into the four threaded rods 27.
is wound around the sprocket 29, which transmits the rotation of the motor 32 to the sprocket 29, and the screw rod 27 and the perforated plate 2.
Raise and lower 2.

40 is the left and right 1 that engages with the chain 39;
With a pair of tension sprockets, each arm 41
Each arm 41 has one end supported by a pin 42 supported by the upper wall 21a and the central support plate 31.
A tension spring 43 stretched between the left and right arms 41 is connected to the other end. 1
The pair of tension sprockets 40 can apply tension to the chain 39 whether the motor 32 rotates in the forward or reverse direction.

The descending height of the perforated plate 22 is set by the rotation speed of the sensor or motor 32, and by adjusting the descending height, the depth of the seeding recess 26 can be changed. The number of threaded rods 27 for raising and lowering this perforated plate 22 may be more than four, and a hydraulic cylinder or the like may be used instead of the drive system from the motor 32 to the threaded rods 27.

The seeding mechanism 7 is shown in detail in FIGS. 6-9. A bracket 1 is placed on the left and right pair of frames 12.
A rail 47 having an L-shaped cross section is laid through the rail 6,
A wheel guide 48 is fixed to its upper surface.
Reference numeral 49 denotes a moving frame formed of an L-shaped cross section, and has a plurality of wheels 50 on the left and right sides that roll on rails 47 while being guided by wheel guides 48.

A rectangular seeding member 51 is arranged within the movable frame 49 so as to be movable up and down. This seeding member 51 has a peripheral wall 53 screwed around a seeding plate 52, a shutter 54 is slidably disposed on the upper surface thereof, and a regulating plate 55 provided on the inner surface of the peripheral wall 53 prevents the shutter 54 from floating. A large number of guide tubes 5 are provided on the bottom surface.
It is formed by fixing 6.

The sowing plate 52, shutter 54, and guide tube 56 of the sowing member 51 are formed of metal, plastic, etc., and the sowing plate 52 faces all of the sowing recesses 26 of the bed soil 25 formed by the perforated plate 22. A large number of seeding holes 57 are drilled, the guide tube 56 is concentric with the seeding holes 57, and the shutter 54 has a receiving hole 58 that has approximately the same diameter as the seeding holes 57 and can face them.
is drilled.

The shutter 54 is slidable from the position where the receiving hole 58 is concentric with the seeding hole 57 to the position shown in FIG. 9 (home position) where it is closed by the seeding plate 52, and the upper part thereof is open. , seeds 6 from above
By supplying the seeds 6, the seeds 6 enter the receiving holes 58 and are retained by the seeding plate 52. Therefore, the seeding board 52 and the shutter 54 are connected to a large number of seed holding parts 5.
9, and the shutter 54 is
By sliding in the direction, the seeds 6 are released from the seeding hole 57 into the seeding recess 26.

In addition, when the seeding recess 26 is a long groove for row seeding, the seeding hole 57 and the receiving hole 58 are also made into corresponding long holes. Further, instead of the guide tube 56, a plate material having a size that can be inserted into the seedling raising box 2 may be fixed to the lower surface of the seeding plate 52, and a hole communicating with the seeding hole 57 may be formed in this plate material. Furthermore, the plate material or guide tube 56 may be integrally formed with the seeding plate 52.

Reference numeral 62 denotes a sliding means for a shutter provided at one end of the seeding member 51. A motor 64 is mounted on a mounting base 63 whose both ends are fixed to the peripheral wall 53, and the output shaft of this motor 64 has an eccentric shaft 65. A cam 66 is attached. This eccentric shaft 65 has a bearing 67
is fitted into a guide body 68 which is fixed to the upper surface of the shutter 54 and has a U-shaped cross section.

The amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft 65 is half the required sliding distance of the shutter 54, and the motor 64 rotates and the sensors S7 and S contact the cam 66 in the diametrical direction.
Rotate 180° until one of the holes 58 and 58 is activated.
The shutter 54 is moved from the closed position to the open position. A hydraulic cylinder can also be used as the shutter sliding means 62.

A casing 71 is fixed to one side of the moving frame 49, a motor 72 is disposed within the casing 71, and a bearing body 73 is provided in front of the motor 72. A male screw 74 supported by a bearing body 73 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 72.
A female threaded shaft 75 is screwed into the shaft 4 in the orthogonal direction. Both ends of this female threaded shaft 75 are inserted into an elongated hole 77 in the upper part of the arm 76.

Reference numeral 78 denotes a horizontal shaft rotatably installed between the left and right side walls of the moving frame 49. The lower part of the arm 76 is fixed to one end of the horizontal shaft 78.
The upper ends of a pair of left and right swing arms 79 are fixed inside the swing arms 9 . An interlocking link 80 is connected to the lower end of this swing arm 79 with a pin.

81 has a pin 8 attached to the side wall of the moving frame 49 in the middle.
A plurality of pairs of bell cranks are provided, one end of which is connected to the interlocking link 80 through a pin 83, and the other end is connected to the peripheral wall 53 of the seeding member 51 through a pin 84. There is.

The bell crank 81 and the interlocking link 80 form a parallel link mechanism, and when the male screw 74 rotates due to the operation of the motor 72, the arm 76 rotates in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 6, and the swing arm 79 swings. By swinging the bell crank 81 via the interlocking link 80, the seeding member 51 is raised and lowered relative to the seedling growing box 2. The amount of elevation of the seeding member 51 is set by the rotational speed of the motor 72 or a sensor, and its lower limit position is a position where the guide tube 56 enters the seedling raising box 2 and is approximately 1 to 3 mm above the bed soil. As a means for raising and lowering the seeding member 51, a hydraulic cylinder may be used instead of the motor 72.

The means for moving the moving frame 49 consists of a rack 87 fixed to a shaft 86 that supports left and right wheels 50, and a pinion in the seed supply mechanism 9, which will be described later.
7 is the upper bell crank 8 as shown in FIG.
The length from the vicinity of 1 to the lower side is approximately the same as the length of the seedling raising box. This movement means can also be formed by a hydraulic cylinder.

The seed supply mechanism 9 is shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, and includes a support stand 90 fixed on the left and right frames 12.
A support frame 91 with a hopper 8 attached thereto is fixed, and a feed roll 92 and two rotating brushes 93, 94 are arranged on the moving path of the conveyor 18 of the seedling box 2 and the moving frame 49. There is.

The feed roll 92 is located directly below the hopper 8,
Seeds 6 entering a large number of feeding grooves 95 formed on the outer peripheral surface are guided by a seed guide 96 and fall downward. Reference numeral 97 denotes an adjustment brush for adjusting the amount of seeds entering the delivery groove 95, which can move forward and backward in the radial direction of the delivery roll 92, and is moved by rotating an adjustment shaft 98 from outside the support frame 91 via a rack and pinion.

A roll shaft 99 of the feed roll 92 is supported at both ends by a support frame 91 via bearings, a sprocket 101 is attached to one end via a one-way clutch 100, and a sprocket 102 is attached to the other end.
is fixed.

A motor 103 is disposed within the support frame 91, and an intermediate shaft 104 to which power is transmitted from the motor 103 is supported. There are two sprockets 1 at each end of this intermediate shaft 104.
05, 106, 107, and 108 are fixed, and sprocket 105 is connected to sprocket 1 of motor 103.
09 and a chain 110 are wound around the sprocket 106 so that power can be transmitted to the sprocket 101 of the feed roll 92 via the chain 111.

Reference numeral 113 designates a pair of left and right rotating shafts that are rotatably supported by the support base 90, and each shaft is provided with a sprocket 114 at its outer end and a pinion 115 at its inner end, as shown in FIG. The left and right sprockets 114 are the left and right sprockets 10 of the intermediate shaft 104.
7, 108 and chains 116, 117, the left and right pinions 115 are engaged with racks 87 provided on the left and right sides of the moving frame 49, and are rotated by the driving force from the motor 103 to move the moving frame. 49 can be horizontally reciprocated.

119 is the horizontal long hole 12 of the support frame 91
The tension sprocket is installed on the shaft 121 that passes through the left and right chains 116, 11.
7, the tension is adjusted by this tension sprocket 119. One chain 117 is connected to the sprocket 1 provided on the shaft 122 of the rotating brush 94.
It is also wrapped around 23. This sprocket 1
23 is attached to the shaft 122 via a one-way clutch and drives the rotary brush 94 only in the direction of arrow D.

The rotary brush 93 is used to adjust the amount of seed sown, and its shaft 126 is supported on the upper side of the support frame 91, and a sprocket 127 provided at the end of the shaft receives power from the feed roll 92 via a chain 128 and a sprocket 102. It rotates only in the direction of arrow E, similar to the feed roll 92.

When the motor 103 is driven from the state shown in FIG.
direction, and the moving frame 49 is moved in the direction of arrow A. The rotating brush 94 prevents seeds accumulated on the seeding member 51 from falling downward. Seeding member 5
The upper side of the seed holding portion 59 of No. 1 is the feeding roll 92
When the motor 103 is reversed after reaching the position almost directly below the pinion 1
15 reverses and moves the movable frame 49 backward, but the rotating brush 94 is not driven by the one-way clutch and is moved through the chain 111 to the feed roll 92.
However, the rotating brushes 93 are each driven in the direction of the arrow E via the chain 128, and the seeds 6 are supplied in fixed quantities to the upper surface of the sowing member 51 and introduced into the seed holding section 59, and the seeds 6 are pre-prepared by the rotating brushes 93. Excess seeds are removed to the lower side and the amount of seeds entering the receiving hole 58 is adjusted.

The rotary brush 93 has its tip inserted into the receiving hole 58, and by adjusting the amount of insertion, the amount of seeds entering the receiving hole 58 can be adjusted within a range of, for example, 2 to 4 seeds. For this purpose, the rotating brush 93 may be vertically adjustable, but since the movable frame 49 is movable up and down, the upper limit height of the seeding member 51 is adjustable.

The rotating brush 94 uses a spiral brush to remove the seeds 6 accumulated on the seeding member 51 from the seedling box 2.
It may also be moved to the side and removed to prevent it from falling inside.

The sowing operation by the sowing machine 1 having the above configuration will be explained mainly based on FIGS. 1 and 2.

When the seedling raising box 2 with the bed soil 25 laid thereon is placed on the upper side of the conveyor 3, the sensor S1 is turned on and the motor 16 is activated to drive the conveyor 18. When the seedling raising box 2 is transported in the direction A and reaches the bottom of the soil drilling device 4, the sensor S2 detects this, stops the motor 16, and at the same time activates the motor 32.

The perforation plate 22 is lowered by the operation of the motor 32, and the seeding recess 2 is formed over the entire upper surface of the soil bed 25.
6 at once (see Figure 2 B and C). When the sensor S3 detects the completion of the lowering of the perforated plate 22, the motor 32 is reversely rotated to raise the perforated plate 22. When the perforation plate 22 completes its ascent or reaches a height at which the protrusion 24 leaves the seedling box 2, the sensor S4 turns ON.
Then, the motor 16 is restarted to transport the seedling raising box 2 to the lower side.

When the seedling raising box 2 in which the seeding recess 26 is formed is conveyed below the seeding mechanism 7, the sensor S5 detects this and stops the motor 16, and also stops the motor 7.
2 to lower the seeding member 51. When the seeding member 51 descends to the height set by the sensor S6, the guide tube 56 comes close to and faces the seeding recess 26 (see FIG. 2D).

When the sensor S6 is turned on, the motor 64 is activated, and the shutter 54 is slid through the eccentric shaft 65, communicating the receiving hole 58, the seeding hole 57, and the guide tube 56, and holding the seedling in the receiving hole 58. Seeds 6 are fed into all the sowing recesses 26 at once (see FIG. 2, E). The motor 64 is rotated to a 180° rotation position where the seed holding portion 59 is fully opened, and the cam 66 contacts the sensor S7.
Turn on, pause, and turn on sensor S8 after the set time.
The shutter 54 is rotated to the ON position (home position) and slid so as to close the seed holding section 59.

This return movement of the shutter 54 can also be performed after the sowing member 51 has been raised, but here it is performed when the sowing member 51 is lowered, and the vibrations generated by the sliding movement completely remove the seeds 6 from the seed holding portion 59 without clogging. I'm trying to get it released.

When the sensor S8 is turned on and the shutter 54 returns to the home position, the motor 72 is reversed and the sowing member 5
1 rises, and when the sensor S6 detects the completion of the rise, the motor 16 is activated to transport the seedling raising box 2 until the lower side sensor S9 is turned ON, and at the same time, the motor 103 in the seed supply mechanism 9 is activated. be done.

Due to the operation of the motor 103, the moving frame 49 moves onto the rail 4 via the rack 87 and the pinion 115.
7 and is inserted into the seed supply mechanism 9. In addition, the rotary brush 94 rotates in the F direction due to the operation of the motor 103, thereby preventing the seeds from falling on the upper surface of the seeding member 51.

When the sensor S10 detects that the moving frame 49 is completely inserted into the seed supply mechanism 9, the motor 1
03 is reversed, the moving frame 49 is moved back in the G direction, and at the same time, the seeds in the hopper 8 are transferred to the feed roll 92.
A substantially fixed amount is dispensed by the shutter 54 and supplied to the receiving hole 58 of the shutter 54.

At this time, the rotating brushes 93 are both rotated in the E direction to help supply seeds to the receiving hole 58, remove excess grains, and adjust the amount of seeds in the receiving hole 58 to the required amount.

When the moving frame 49 completes its backward movement and reaches the home position, the sensor S11 detects this and the motor 103
stops.

The motor 103 operates independently of the motor 16, and if the time when the seedling raising box 2 reaches the sensor S9 is early, the next seedling raising box can be placed on the upper side of the conveying device 3 even if the moving frame 49 is moving back. You can leave it there.

All operations of the seeding machine 1 are monitored by a timer, e.g.
If the lifting and lowering operations of the moving frame 49 or the shutter 54 are not completed within the set time, it is assumed that an abnormality has occurred and all operations are stopped, and the remaining amount detection sensor S12 provided in the hopper 8 ,
All operations are also stopped when an insufficient amount of seeds 6 is detected.

Note that contact type switches such as micro switches and limit switches can be used as appropriate for the sensors S1 to S12, and other non-contact type switches may also be used. However, the sensor S6 is of a non-contact type, and a magnet is provided on the male screw 74 to count the number of rotations and operate the motor 72 in forward and reverse directions at a predetermined number of rotations. Adjustment of the upper and lower limit positions of the seeding member 51 is as follows:
This is done by changing the set rotation speed.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention described in detail above, the conveying device 3 is capable of intermittently conveying the seedling boxes, and the perforating plate 22 and the seeding member 51 are freely descendable to the bed soil 25 side.
By stopping the seedling raising box 2 below the perforating plate 22 and lowering the perforating plate 22, a large number of sowing recesses 26 can be formed in the bed soil 25 at once and accurately. By stopping the seeding member 51 below the member 51 and lowering the seeding member 51 to sow, all seeding recesses 26 of the bed soil 25 can be sown at once and accurately. Since the sowing recesses 26 are formed at once over the entire area of the soil 25 and the seeds are sown at once, the sowing recesses 26 formed later are different from the sowing recesses 26 formed earlier, as in the case of row by row. The seeding member 51 can be moved horizontally and reciprocally without shifting or being damaged by protrusions or shifting the seeding position, and can simultaneously perform hole drilling and seeding over the entire area automatically and with high efficiency. Since the structure is configured such that seeds 6 can be supplied from the seed supply mechanism 9, the sowing member 51
Seed supply over the area can also be automated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a general front view, FIG. The figure is a sectional front view, Fig. 4 is a sectional side view, Fig. 5 is a partially sectional plan view, Figs. 6 to 9 show the seeding mechanism, Fig. 6 is a partially sectional front view, and Fig. 7 is a sectional view. A side view, FIG. 8 is a partially sectional plan view, FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 8, FIGS. 10 to 12 show the seed supply mechanism, and FIG. 10 is a partially sectional front view. ,
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional side view, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Seeding machine for seedling raising, 2... Seedling raising box, 3... Conveyance device, 4... Bed soil drilling device, 5... Seeding device, 6... Seed, 7... Seeding mechanism, 9... Seed supply mechanism, 22... Drilling board, 25 ... bed soil, 26 ... seeding recess, 49 ... moving frame, 51 ... seeding member, 52 ... seeding board, 54 ... shutter, 57 ... seeding hole, 58 ... receiving hole, 59 ... seed holding part, 92 ... feeding roll.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A conveying device 3 on which a seedling raising box 2 on which bed soil 25 is laid is placed and conveyed intermittently, and a floor of the seedling raising box 2 which is disposed on the upper side of this conveying device 3 and stopped. A bed soil drilling device 4 having a hole punching plate 22 that descends to the upper surface of the soil 25 to form a seeding recess 26 over the entire area of the bed soil 25 at once, and a seedling raising box 2 disposed on the lower side thereof and stopped. It is equipped with a sowing device 5 having a sowing member 51 that descends above the bed soil 25 and supplies seeds 6 at once to the seeding recesses 26 throughout the bed soil 25, and the sowing member 51 rises after sowing and then horizontally A sowing machine for raising seedlings, which is configured to be reciprocally movable and is provided above the sowing member 51 with a seed supply mechanism 9 that supplies seeds 6 to the entire area of the sowing member 51 during horizontal movement.