JPH0233306A - Sports wear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject wear having small total resistance of air applied to the wear by forming parallel groove lines on a required part of the surface of the wear and in front of the peeling position of boundary layer. CONSTITUTION:Parallel groove lines are formed on a required part of the surface of the wear and in front of the peeling position of boundary layer. The size, shape and number of the grooves are arbitrary. In the case of downhill one-piece wear, continuous or intermittent line of a groove M' is formed from the shoulder part 2 to the outside 3 of an arm, M'' at the inside of an arm, M''' from the outside 6 of a thigh to the outside 8 of a leg and M'''' from the inside 7 of a thigh to the inside 9 of a leg.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) This invention relates to sports clothing that reduces air resistance.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in sports that compete for speed, such as ski jumping, alpine skiing, speed skating, and bicycle races, it is preferable to reduce the air resistance that clothing is subjected to.

Therefore, common ways to reduce air resistance include making the surface of clothing smooth to reduce the frictional resistance between the clothing and the air, and sewing the clothing closely to the body to reduce air resistance. For this purpose, the fabric is made of dense fibers made of stretchable ultra-fine threads and has a smooth surface.
It is sewn to fit closely to the body to reduce air resistance.

Furthermore, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 58-192920, a skiing garment (jumping dress) in which a large number of arcuate recesses are provided on the surface of the main body has also been proposed. However, I am still not satisfied with the sport where people compete for 1/100th of a second.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) It can be thought of as air resistance (total resistance) that clothes experience - surface friction resistance + pressure resistance.According to experiments, the ratio of pressure resistance to total resistance in the human body shape is over 90%. And C is very high. However, no effective measures have been taken to reduce this pressure resistance in conventional products, and the influence of pressure resistance on speed changes in the shape of the human body is not understood at all.

On the other hand, an experiment was conducted in which an arcuate recessed portion, as an example of the above-mentioned Utility Model Application No. 1987-192920, was provided on almost the entire surface of a human body model, but there was no effect. This is thought to be because the surface frictional resistance was increased by the arcuate recesses. (The wind tunnel used in the experiment was
Measurements were made in a 3m circulating wind tunnel using a Shimadzu 6-component force balance. (Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention, based on such experiments, an oil flow experiment was conducted using a full-sized human body model, and the separation position of the boundary layer at each speed was investigated. As a result, we were able to solve the problem by creating sports clothing in which grooves were formed in a line on the surface of the clothing, parallel to the front of the separation position of the boundary layer.

(Function) By providing a line-shaped concave groove parallel to the front of the boundary layer separation position on the surface of the garment, the boundary layer separation position is retracted. (See Figure 2) That is, by providing the grooves, the grooves disturb the flow on the surface of the main body, making the downstream region of the grooves a turbulent flow, and the boundary layer becomes a turbulent boundary layer. This turbulent boundary layer is more susceptible to the influence of kinetic energy brought in from the flow outside the boundary layer (main flow) than the boundary layer flow that occurs when there is no groove (laminar boundary layer). Because it becomes easier to borrow momentum, the boundary layer becomes less likely to separate. Therefore, the separation position of the boundary layer retreats.

By retreating the separation position, the low-pressure region (groove region) in the downstream region becomes narrower, and the pressure in the downstream region does not become lower and the pressure resistance decreases.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described regarding a downhill dress used in a downhill ski competition.

We formed a full-sized human body model Y that approximated the downhill skiing posture, conducted an oil flow experiment in a wind tunnel, and measured the separation position of the boundary layer at each speed. As shown in Figures 7 to 10, we found the separation line. It was found that the area was located at or near the location.

Therefore, by providing an arbitrary concave groove M18 parallel to the front of the air separation line, the separation
Since the first line moves backward to the position L', pressure resistance is reduced and air resistance can be reduced.

Assuming that the torso, arms, and legs of the human model are cylindrical and the head is spherical, the position where the groove M is provided is in the direction of movement (
e = 20''~ as shown in Figures 3 to 6 for the downhill direction)
It has been found that it is effective to provide the angle within a range of 90°.

The size, shape, and number of the grooves M are arbitrary.

Specifically, the example for the downhill dress body is the first one.
As shown in Figures 1 to 12, the groove M'' extends from the shoulder (2) to the outside of the arm (3), the groove M'' extends from the inside of the arm (4), and the groove M'' extends from the shoulder (2) to the outside of the arm (3).
' is from the outside of the thigh (6) to the outside of the lower leg (8), and the groove M is from the inside of the thigh (7) to the inside of the lower leg (9).
) are formed in a continuous or discontinuous line shape, and one or more are provided as shown in FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b).

The grooves may be provided at other locations other than those shown in the drawings, and the shape of the grooves at the locations may be semicircular in cross section as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16.

It may be triangular, square or any other shape, but it is preferably one that adapts to the movement of the body and does not deform due to wind pressure. The grooves may be formed from a separate arbitrary material on the inside or outside of the main body, formed during knitting or weaving, formed from synthetic wood, or by any other suitable means.

Although the drawings are omitted, the same method as in the embodiment described above is applied to required parts of various types of sports clothing for competing in speed.

(Effects of the Invention) When skiing downhill wearing the downhill ski dress according to the present invention, the boundary layer peels off on the surface of the clothing (
Since the concave grooves M (M' to M''') are provided in a V line so that they are parallel to each other, the concave grooves disturb the flow on the surface of the main body, making the downstream VT a turbulent flow, and the boundary layer becomes a turbulent boundary layer. Because the boundary layer of this turbulent flow is difficult to separate, the separation position retreats.As a result of this retreat, the groove area in the downstream region narrows, and the pressure in the downstream region does not decrease, but the pressure resistance decreases. Reduces the total resistance exerted on clothing and increases speed.

The size, shape, and number of grooves to be provided are calculated from the average speed of the sport and the size of each part of the human body, and are taken into consideration to match the Inols number. Considering that it is about 35m/S, the Reynolds number of each part of the human body is Re= 1.69x 105~4
．． 64 x 105 (7), the size of the groove is large for the shoulders, arms, and lower legs, no groove for the waist, and a smaller groove for the thigh is effective, and it is effective for sports events. It is preferable to select a concave groove to be provided in a body part that is suitable for each body part.

In this way, it has been found that by providing grooves in human body parts, the total resistance is reduced, so the required surface area of clothing for sports such as short-distance track and field races, speed skating, skiing, bicycle races, etc. When this invention is implemented, the total air resistance is reduced, which has the effect of improving speed records.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing the separation position of the boundary layer and the state of the vortex area when a cylindrical body is used without grooves and with grooves on the surface, and Figures 3 to 6 are when grooves are provided. Explanatory diagrams showing the effective area of , Figures 7 to 10 are approximate to the downhill skiing posture ()
Figures 11 to 16 are explanatory diagrams of an embodiment of this invention in a downhill ski dress, and Figures 13 (A) and (B) are illustrations of an oil flow experiment conducted in a wind tunnel using a human body model formed as a model. ) is a partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 12. A: Downhill dress B4 vortex region C-cylindrical body P, peeling M position 1-1-': peeling line M, M', M'', M, M: protrusion ■, groove Y two-body model, Y' : Arm, Y”: Leg 1: Head, 2
: shoulder, 3: outside of WM, 4: inside of arm, 5: outside of waist, 6 outside of thigh, 7: inside of thigh, 8: outside of lower leg, 9: lower leg inside the section. Figure 3C Figure 5 Figure 1/Figure 73

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In sports clothing for competing in speed, where the surface of the clothing body is subject to strong air resistance, concave grooves are formed in a line shape at desired locations on the surface of the clothing body so as to be parallel to the front of the separation position of the boundary layer. Sports clothing characterized by: 2. The sports garment according to claim 1, wherein the groove is provided in a continuous or intermittent line shape. 3. The sports garment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of lines of the groove is one or more. 4. The sports garment according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the groove is unspecified. 5. Claim 1, wherein the grooves are formed in different sizes and shapes depending on the size of the required surface area of the clothing body and the speed of the competition.
, 2, 3, and 4.