JPH0231980B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to an assistance device that can move a physically disabled person lying on a bed without placing a burden on the assistant.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Due to old age, severe illness, or physical disability, some people require assistance with daily tasks such as eating and bathing.

When moving such a person from the bed to a bathroom, toilet, treatment room, etc., the caregiver has no choice but to directly lift the person being cared for. However, directly lifting a person being cared for is a laborious task that is performed in an unnatural position for the carer, which places a great burden on the carer's body, and people who repeatedly carry out such work at various facilities This has become a serious problem, causing lower back pain and other injuries.

Therefore, an assistance device that moves the person being assisted by inserting a plate or arm between the person being assisted and the bed, supporting the person being assisted by the plate or arm, and then moving the plate or arm. , so-called assistance robots have been proposed.

As such an assistance device, the following one has already been proposed by the applicant of the present invention.
This device includes a substrate, and an upper plate and a lower plate that are integrally stacked one above the other while being separated from each other via a spacer, and are moved forward and backward with respect to the substrate by a drive device provided on the substrate. an insertion plate disposed on the upper plate; a belt starting from the upper side of the upper plate, passing through the lower side and leading to the rear of the upper plate; and a pair of rolls installed parallel to the rear of the base plate. The belt is wound around the upper plate, and each end of the belt is wound around the roller.

This assistance device is first mounted on a conveyance means such as a trolley and placed on the side of the person to be transferred, and winds the end of the belt that passes above the upper plate of the pair of rollers. The insertion plate is inserted between the care recipient and the bed while stopping the rotation of the roller. At this time, the roller that wraps around the lower end of the upper plate of the belt is rotatable, and the belt is fed out as the insertion plate is inserted, so the relative position between the belt surface above the upper plate and the person being assisted changes. The insertion plate is smoothly inserted under the person being assisted.

Next, while retracting the insertion plate on which the person being assisted is placed, the belts on the upper and lower sides of the upper plate are wound up at the same speed by the pair of rollers in synchronization with this.

In this way, by using the above-mentioned assistance device, the person being cared for can be helped without placing any burden on the person being cared for who cannot move freely, and without imposing any physical burden on the person being cared for. can be transferred onto the conveying means.

In this way, due to the operation of the belt and the rollers described above, the relative position of the belt on the upper plate that comes into direct contact with the person being cared for, relative to the person being cared for, does not change from beginning to end, making the function of the bed transfer device smooth and smooth. , it does not make the person being assisted feel uncomfortable.

By the way, in order to pick up and transfer a sleeping person to a bed, the above-mentioned holding function needs to be made to have the same length as the person's height. Although it is actually possible to manufacture the insert plate in this manner, it not only increases the size of the insert plate but also increases the load on the belt or the drive device for the insert plate, which is not preferable.

Therefore, it has already been proposed to configure the assistance device as follows. That is, the assisting device is manufactured as a unit having a predetermined width, for example, about 50 cm, and the base portions of the three units 35, 36, 37 are rotated with hinges 38 and 39, as shown in FIG. They are movably and fixedly connected, and the central unit 36 is supported by a truck 40. When transferring the person to be assisted, units 35, 36, and 37 are used.
The assisted person transfer units 35, 36, and 37 are used by unfolding and arranging them approximately horizontally, and operating the assisted person transfer units 35, 36, and 37 simultaneously and in the same manner. After the person being assisted is transferred to the assisted person transfer unit, when the person being assisted is being transferred, the units 35 and 37 may be folded to form a wheelchair. Furthermore, when not in use, unit 35
and 37 are folded toward the unit 36 and can be stored without taking up much space.

In addition, in such a bed transfer device, special care must be taken to ensure that the mechanism for holding the person being assisted as described above does not cause any sliding at the portion where the assistance device and the person being assisted come into direct contact. Please note that it is configured as follows.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Now, in an assistance device in which the care recipient holding unit as described above is connected, when changing from a stretcher state to a chair state with a care recipient placed thereon, the device Sliding may occur between the handle and the person being assisted, which may cause discomfort to the person being assisted.

That is, as shown in FIG.
is located at least below the support surface of the person to be assisted so as not to interfere with the work of holding the person being assisted as described above. On the other hand, the bending axis when the care recipient changes from lying down to sitting
_Both the hip and knee joints are located approximately at the center of the body's thickness, that is, at a position spaced apart from the bending axis of the device in the height direction. Furthermore, as shown by the dotted line in Figure 6, the tilting axis O of the device is set to the bending axis O _nao of the care recipient, taking into account the thickness of the waist of the care recipient when the person is in a seated position. It is located horizontally closer to the head of the person being assisted.

FIG. 7 is a geometrically simplified representation of this situation. Here, the movement of the upper body of the person to be assisted is shown, but in Fig. 7, the straight line shown by the dashed line indicates the posture of the person to be assisted when lying down.
A straight line shown by a solid line represents the posture of the device in a horizontal state, O _nao represents the rotation axis of the hip joint of the care recipient in the lying state, and O represents the tilting axis of the device. Furthermore, H indicates the center position of the head of the person being assisted in a lying down state, and A indicates the point of contact between the head of the person being assisted in a lying down state and the device in a horizontal state.

As mentioned above, O _nao and O are the distance h ₁ which corresponds to approximately half of the body thickness of the care recipient in the vertical direction,
In the horizontal direction, they are separated from each other by a distance h ₂ corresponding to approximately half the thickness of the waist of the person being assisted. Therefore,
When a person being assisted who is lying down is raised up and his or her upper body becomes erect, the head of the person being assisted moves to H', and A, which is the point of contact between the head of the person being assisted and the device, moves to A'. At this time, the relative positional deviation between H′ and A′ is h ₁
It extends to +h ₂ .

Such a change in the relative position of the device and the person being assisted causes sliding between the person being assisted and the device, and friction between the person being assisted and the device causes a load between them. At this point, it acts as a compressive force in the height direction on the person being assisted. In addition, this sliding
Even when transforming the device from a chair state to a horizontal state,
Needless to say, this acts as a pulling force on the person being assisted.

Such force applied to the person being assisted is not only uncomfortable for the person being assisted, but can also be physically inconvenient for those who have surgically affected areas where the force is applied. It's even dangerous.

In order to avoid this, it becomes necessary for the caregiver to support the person being assisted with their hands and raise the upper body support part of the device while being separated from the assistance device.
This reduces the effectiveness of using an assistance device that relieves the burden on the caregiver when holding the person being assisted.

Means for Solving the Problems The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the sliding that occurs between the person being assisted and the device when the assistance device is deformed as described above, and to improve the function of the assistance device more completely. That is to say.

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a support and conveyance means, and a plurality of person-assisted support units supported by the support and conveyance means and connected to each other so as to be tiltable, and constituted by the person-assisted support units. In the assistance device configured to be able to give different postures to the person to be cared for by bending the support surface for the person to be cared for, at least one of the person to be cared for support units is connected to the supporting/transfer means. In the above, there is provided an assistance device characterized in that it is configured to be movable in the height direction of a person being assisted.

Furthermore, the present invention provides that the assisted person support unit comprises:
Each includes a substrate attached to the support/transfer means, and an upper plate and a lower plate that are integrally stacked vertically while being separated from each other via a spacer, and are arranged to be movable forward and backward with respect to the substrate. a belt starting from the upper side of the upper plate, passing through the lower side of the upper plate, and extending substantially once around the circumference of the upper plate; and belt drive means for circulating the belt around the upper plate. Advantageously, the present invention is applied in an assistive device equipped with the present invention.

Function The assistance device according to the present invention is configured such that at least one of the support surfaces for the person being assisted is movable in the height direction of the person being assisted. It is possible to eliminate the relative positional deviation between the assisting device and the assisting device, and it is possible to maintain the assisted person's rest even when the assisting device is deformed, in addition to the operation of holding the assisted person.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the assisting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a mechanism for holding a cared person that can be adopted in an assistance device to which the present invention is applicable. The assisting device shown in the figure has a horizontal base plate 1, and an insertion plate 2 is placed on the horizontal base plate 1, which can move forward and backward in the horizontal direction. This insertion plate 2
is constructed by fixing an upper plate 3 and a lower plate 4, which are parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other, together with spacers 5 and 6 arranged on the left and right front and rear sides.

Furthermore, a pair of posts 7 and 8 are provided on both sides of the rear portion of the horizontal substrate 1, and a pair of upper and lower rollers 9 and 10 are rotatably supported by these posts. The upper belt 11 is guided rearward from the front edge of the upper plate 3 through its upper and lower sides and wound around the upper and lower rollers 9 and 10, and its ends are fixed to the rollers 9 and 10.

On the other hand, the lower belt 12 is guided downward from the upper surface of the lower plate 4 around its both ends so as to form a closed loop around the lower plate, and is fixed to a fixing part 13 near the front of the horizontal board 1. .

Further, one post 7 is provided with reversible motors 9A and 10A with brakes that drive upper rollers 9 and 10, respectively.

This holding device is used as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 2a, the assistance device 25, on which a horizontal board is placed or fixed on a mobile cart (not shown) or the like, is placed adjacent to the side of the bed 31 on which the person to be assisted 30 is sleeping. and place it.

At this point, the upper belt 11 is wound around the lower roller 10, and the upper roller 9 is locked so as not to rotate.

While maintaining this state, the insertion plate 2 is fed out using an insertion plate drive mechanism (not shown) or manually, and the insertion plate 2 is inserted between the bed 31 and the person 30 as shown in FIG. 2b. At this time, motor 10A
is operated to rotate the lower roller 10 in the belt feeding direction. As the insertion plate 2 moves forward, the upper belt 11 is moved to the second position at the tip of the belt feeding portion, that is, at the tip of the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4.
The lower belt 12 is fed out as shown by arrow A in Figure b.
rotates around the lower plate 4 as shown by arrow B.

Therefore, the relative position between the belt 11 above the upper plate 3 and the person to be assisted does not change at all, and the person to be assisted 30
There is no frictional resistance between the belt and the upper belt 11. Also,
Since the lower belt 12 of the lower plate 4 does not shift relative to the bed 31 or the substrate 1, there is no frictional resistance between the two. Therefore, the insertion plate 2 smoothly enters under the person being assisted 30.

FIG. 2c shows the state in which the insertion plate has been inserted under the person being assisted. The upper belt 11 is almost pulled out, and the person being assisted 30 is completely placed on the insertion plate 2.

Next, the upper roller 9 is unlocked, and both rollers 9 and 10 are rotated in the same winding direction to wind up both ends of the upper belt 11, and at the same time, the insertion plate 2 is moved to the position shown in FIG. 2d. Retract in the pullback direction C as shown.

As a result, the person to be assisted 30 is transferred onto the substrate 1 of the device 25, as shown in FIG. 2e. In this state, the upper belt 11 sent out from the lower roller when inserting the insertion plate under the person being assisted is equally wound around the upper and lower rollers 9 and 10.

In addition, when returning the person to be assisted 30 to the bed 31 on the assistance device 25, the above-mentioned operation may be performed in reverse.

That is, when feeding out the insertion plate, the motors 9A and 10A of the upper and lower rollers are both in a state of sending out the upper belt, and the insertion plate is sent out to another side such as a bed. Thereafter, when pulling the insertion plate from between the person being assisted and the bed, the brake of the upper roller 9 is operated and fixed, and only the lower roller 10 is driven in reverse by driving the motor 10A to pull the upper belt 11. Furthermore, the insertion plate is pulled back.

In this way, the carer can be picked up or taken down without putting any burden on the caregiver or the cared person's body.

In such a movement of moving the person being assisted, the front and back sides of the insertion plate are surrounded by the upper belt and the lower belt, and by performing the operations described above, the top surface of the upper belt that is in contact with the person being assisted and the person being assisted is Since the relative position of the lower belt does not change and the lower surface of the lower belt in contact with the bed remains stationary with respect to the bed, there is no frictional resistance between the belt, the person being cared for, and the bed, and the insertion plate Advances and retreats are extremely smooth. Furthermore, if a material is used that reduces the frictional resistance between the belt surface and the upper and lower flat plates, the driving force can be further suppressed.

In order to reduce the discomfort that the insertion plate gives to the person being assisted when the insertion plate is inserted under the person being assisted, it is desirable that the insertion plate be made as thin as its strength allows.

Now, the assistance device according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
Hinge fitting 3 capable of locking base plate parts 5, 36, and 37
The central unit 36 is supported by a carriage 40. When transferring a person to be assisted, the units 35, 36, 37 are unfolded and placed approximately horizontally, and each of the assisted person transfer units 35, 36, 37 is operated simultaneously and in the same manner. After the person to be cared for is transferred to the person to be cared for transfer unit, when transferring the person to be cared for, the unit 35 can be moved upwards and the unit 37 can be moved downwards in a wheelchair-like manner. Further, when not in use, the units 35 and 37 can be folded up to the side of the unit 36 and stored without taking up much space.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the assisting device according to the present invention in the shape of a chair as described above.

According to the invention, a holding mechanism unit 35 (shown in dotted lines) supports the upper body of the person being assisted.
is a movable plate 4 that can be moved in the height direction of the person being assisted.
1, and a support plate 42 that serves as a reference for movement of the movable plate, and the support plate 42 is connected to the substrate of the central holding unit 36 via a hinge fitting 38.

Furthermore, a moving plate driving device 44 is provided between the moving plate 41 and the support plate 42 for moving the moving plate 41 in the direction of the height of the person being assisted. In this embodiment, the driving means 44 includes a nut 43 fixed to the back surface of the movable plate 41, a ball screw 45 passing through the nut 43, a motor 44a for rotationally driving the ball screw 45, and a speed reduction mechanism. 44b.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a mechanism for supporting the holding unit 35 in a sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, a movable plate 41 is placed on two rails 46 provided on a support plate 42 and parallel to the height direction of the person being cared for, via a linear bearing 47. 41 is configured to be able to move smoothly in the direction of the person's height. The movable plate 41 is provided with a frame 48 for fixing the horizontal board 1 (FIG. 1) of the aforementioned holding unit 35.
The holding unit 35 can be fixed to the holding unit 8 with screws or the like. The support plate 42 also includes a motor 44a for driving the moving plate 41 and a deceleration mechanism 44b.
is fixed, and a nut 43 through which a ball screw 45 connected to the output of the deceleration mechanism 44b passes is fixed to the movable plate 41 via a connecting member 43a. For this purpose, the support plate 42 is provided with a hole 42a through which the connecting member 43a passes.

By adopting the above-described configuration, the assisting device according to the present invention rotates the motor 44a when changing from the stretcher state to the chair state with the person being assisted placed on the assisting device. , the nut 43, and the connecting member 43a move the moving plate 41 in the direction of the person's height in synchronization with the back of the person being cared for, thereby almost eliminating the sliding that occurs between the person being cared for and the holding unit. can do.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the units 35 and 37 are placed in a horizontal position and the assistance device is used as a stressor or when carrying out an operation to pick up the person being cared for, the assistance device's support for the person Since the surfaces need to be aligned in the same plane, even a holding unit that is not equipped with a device for moving the cared person in the height direction is attached to the support plate via a spacer having the same thickness as the moving plate. This is desirable.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper body holding unit 35 has a large load on the assistance device of the person being assisted, and the displacement between the person being assisted and the assistance device is the largest.
Although only the moving mechanism is equipped with the moving mechanism, by also equipping the leg holding unit 37 with the moving mechanism, the person being assisted on the assisting device can rest more completely. Furthermore, the waist holding unit 36
Needless to say, it is within the technical scope of the present invention to equip the device with a moving mechanism.

Further, although a ball screw and a nut are used in this embodiment as a means for driving the movement of the care recipient holding unit, it is also possible to employ a hydraulic cylinder, a rack pinion mechanism, or the like.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned movement of the care recipient support part in the direction of the care recipient's height can be applied to any support mechanism that involves deformation such as bending the care recipient's body.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, the assistance device according to the present invention has the following features:
At least one of the support surfaces for the person being assisted is configured to be movable in the height direction of the person being assisted;
When the assisting device is deformed, the stress that the device applies to the body of the person to be assisted can be eliminated.

Thus, according to the invention, the assistance device:
In addition to the operation of holding the person being cared for, when changing the person's posture, there is no mechanical load on the body of the person being cared for, creating a more ideal assistance device. can do.

In addition, in an assistance device configured with multiple units connected, the tilting axis between the units is located below the holding unit so as not to interfere with the operation of holding the person being cared for. When bending this, it was necessary to keep a wide distance between the units in order to avoid interference between the units due to the thickness of each unit.

However, in the configuration of the assistance device according to the present invention, since the bending unit moves away from the tilting axis, interference between the units is avoided, so the distance between the units can be narrowed.
There is also the effect that the support of the person being cared for becomes more complete.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a holding mechanism that can be adopted in an assistance device to which the present invention can be applied.
2a to 2e are diagrams for explaining the operation of the assisted person holding mechanism of the assistance device to which the present invention is applicable, and FIG. 3 shows the overall configuration of the assisted person assistance device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the assistance device for an assisted person according to the present invention is transformed into a wheelchair, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing how the body of the person being cared for placed on the assisting device bends when the assisting device is deformed; FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram geometrically showing the difference between the deformation of the assistance device and the bending of the person being assisted. (Main reference numbers), 1... Board, 2... Insertion board,
3... Upper plate, 4... Lower plate, 5, 6...
...Spacer, 7, 8... Post, 9, 10... Roller, 9A, 10A... Roller driving means, 11...
...Upper belt, 12...Lower belt, 13...Fixing portion of lower belt, 25...Assistance device, 30...Receiver, 31...Bed, 35, 36, 37...Receiver holding unit , 38, 39... Hinge fitting, 40... Cart, 41... Moving plate, 42... Support plate, 43... Nut, 43a... Connection member, 4
4...Moving plate driving means, 44a...Motor, 44
b...Reduction mechanism, 45...Ball screw, 46...
Rail, 47...linear bearing, 48...frame.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device comprising: a supporting/transporting means; and a plurality of care recipient support units supported by the supporting/transporting means and connected to each other so as to be tiltable; In the assistance device configured to be able to give different postures to the person to be cared for by bending the support surface for the person to be cared for, at least one of the person to be cared for support units is configured to bend the support surface for the person to be cared for. An assistance device characterized in that it is configured to be movable in the height direction of a person being assisted on a conveyance means. 2. The supporting/transporting means has a plurality of support plates connected to each other so as to be tiltable, each of the support plates supporting one of the care recipient support units; A patent characterized in that the care recipient support unit moves in the height direction of the care recipient relative to the support plate when the support plate on which the care recipient support unit is supported moves to a tilted position. An assistance device according to claim 1. 3. The support/conveying means has at least three support plates connected to each other so as to be tiltable, and has two positions: a first position where the whole is unfolded approximately horizontally, and a second position where the whole is in the shape of a chair. When the reclining mechanism assumes the second position, the care recipient support unit, which corresponds to a back rest, is connected to the support plate on which the care recipient support unit is supported. 3. The assisting device according to claim 1, wherein the assisting device moves outward in the height direction of the person to be assisted. 4. Each of the aided person support units includes a substrate attached to the support/transfer means, and an upper plate and a lower plate that are integrally stacked vertically while being separated from each other via a spacer, and the substrate an insertion plate disposed to be movable forward and backward relative to the upper plate; a belt starting from the upper side of the upper plate, passing through the lower side thereof, and substantially making one circuit around the upper plate; The assisting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a belt driving means for circulating the plate around the plate.