JPH0231610B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0231610B2 JPH0231610B2 JP57157749A JP15774982A JPH0231610B2 JP H0231610 B2 JPH0231610 B2 JP H0231610B2 JP 57157749 A JP57157749 A JP 57157749A JP 15774982 A JP15774982 A JP 15774982A JP H0231610 B2 JPH0231610 B2 JP H0231610B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- superplastic
- metal
- thin plate
- thin
- plate material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、超塑性加工特性を有する金属材料の
成形方法に関し、より詳しくは、超塑性加工特性
を有する薄板材の成形方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for forming a metal material having superplastic processing characteristics, and more particularly to a method for forming a thin plate material having superplastic processing characteristics.
超塑性金属は、特定の温度領域において比較的
小さな荷重で大きな変形能を示し、その変形能と
変形応力は歪速度に大きく依存するから、大変形
を与えるには特定の歪速度領域で加工する必要が
ある。 Superplastic metals exhibit large deformability under a relatively small load in a specific temperature range, and their deformability and deformation stress greatly depend on the strain rate, so in order to produce large deformations, they must be processed in a specific strain rate range. There is a need.
このため、超塑性金属を超塑性状態、つまりき
わめて大きな伸びを示す特定の温度領域で、かつ
特定の歪速度領域で加工する場合、とりわけ、圧
印加工、エンボス加工のような圧縮を利用した加
工を加える場合には、加工すべき素材の板厚が薄
い程、厚みの減少量、つまり変形能が大きくな
り、変形応力が増大するから、これに応じて歪速
度を減少させなければならない。このことは、加
圧成形装置の速度制御を困難なものとするばかり
でなく、素材成形に要する時間の増大と素材を同
一温度に維持するに要する燃費の増加をもたら
し、さらには、要成形荷重の増加と熱的影響に基
づく金型寿命の著しい低下を招来する。 For this reason, when processing superplastic metals in a superplastic state, that is, at a specific temperature range where they exhibit extremely high elongation and at a specific strain rate range, processing using compression such as coining and embossing is particularly important. When adding strain, the thinner the material to be processed, the greater the reduction in thickness, that is, the greater the deformability, and the greater the deformation stress, so the strain rate must be reduced accordingly. This not only makes it difficult to control the speed of the pressure molding equipment, but also increases the time required to mold the material, increases the fuel consumption required to maintain the material at the same temperature, and also increases the required molding load. This results in a significant decrease in mold life due to increased heat and thermal effects.
他方、素材の板厚に応じた成形速度をもつてそ
の変形応力を一定のレベルに維持させたとして
も、例えばコーナー部分や素材に垂直な張出し部
分等、薄い素材に対して大きな変形量を求めたよ
うな部分に、素材の伸びすぎによる破断とか、塑
性流動の減少による成形不良が生じ、さらには、
凸部成形部の裏面にゴーストと呼ばれる未充填部
分が生じるといつた問題が起きる。 On the other hand, even if the deformation stress is maintained at a constant level with a forming speed that corresponds to the thickness of the material, a large amount of deformation is required for thin materials, such as corners or overhangs perpendicular to the material. In such areas, breakage occurs due to excessive elongation of the material, or molding defects occur due to decreased plastic flow, and furthermore,
Problems arise when an unfilled portion called a ghost occurs on the back side of the convex molded portion.
本発明は、上述した問題に鑑み、超塑性加工特
性を有する金属薄板材を、通常の超塑性金属材の
加工と同様もしくはそれ以上の速度で、しかも、
微細な点に到るまで正確かつ容易に成形し得る新
たな成形方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been developed to process a metal sheet material having superplastic processing characteristics at a speed similar to or higher than that of normal superplastic metal material processing.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new molding method that can accurately and easily mold down to the smallest details.
すなわち、本発明の特徴とする点は、被成形薄
板材の裏面に、同一の超塑性加工特性を有する板
材を重ね合わせて見かけ上の板厚を増加させ、こ
の見かけ上の板厚に対応した加工速度をもつて成
形することにある。 In other words, the feature of the present invention is that the apparent thickness of the thin plate material is increased by overlapping a plate material having the same superplastic processing characteristics on the back side of the thin plate material to be formed, and The purpose is to form with high processing speed.
そこで、以下に本発明の詳細を実施例に基づい
て説明する。 Therefore, the details of the present invention will be explained below based on examples.
第1図は本発明に基づく超塑性金属薄板材の成
形工程の一例を示すものであつて、図中符号1,
2は、この成形加工に使用される上型と下型で、
下型2には、製品の一面に形成すべき凸部に対応
する凹部2aが型彫りされている。 FIG. 1 shows an example of the forming process of a superplastic thin metal sheet material based on the present invention, and the symbols 1,
2 is the upper mold and lower mold used for this molding process,
The lower die 2 is carved with a concave portion 2a corresponding to a convex portion to be formed on one side of the product.
上記した下型2に、成形すべき超塑性金属薄板
材3と、この金属薄板材3と同じ挙動をする同種
の超塑性金属材からなるダミーサンプル4を重
ね、その上から上型1を押圧する(第1図イ)。
上記したダミーサンプル4は、成形に要する時間
を短縮すべく、薄板材3と一体となつて薄板材3
の肉厚t1を、見掛け上所要の歪速度に対応した肉
厚tにするための大きな肉厚t2を有する板材であ
つて、その大きな変形能をもつて、薄板材3の塑
性流動を補いつつ、下型2の凹部2aに対応した
凸型を薄型材3に形成させるための機能をも同時
に有する。 A superplastic thin metal sheet material 3 to be formed and a dummy sample 4 made of the same type of superplastic metal material that behaves in the same way as the thin metal sheet material 3 are stacked on the lower mold 2 described above, and the upper mold 1 is pressed from above. (Figure 1 A).
The above-mentioned dummy sample 4 is integrated with the thin plate material 3 in order to shorten the time required for molding.
The plate material has a large wall thickness t 2 to make the wall thickness t 1 of the thin plate material 3 into a wall thickness t apparently corresponding to the required strain rate. In addition, it also has the function of forming a convex shape on the thin material 3 corresponding to the concave portion 2a of the lower mold 2.
このような状態のもとで、上下の型1,2を加
熱し、薄板材3とダミーサンプル4をその超塑性
金属の組成によつて決まる特定の温度領域に昇温
した上、これらの見かけ上の板厚tに対応した加
工速度をもつて上型1を押し下げると、薄板材3
とダミーサンプル4は、板厚tの素材が呈する変
形態様同じ態様を示し、見掛け上一体となつて成
形される(第1図ロ)。換言すれば、この成形過
程においてダミーサンプル4は、薄板材3に追従
して、その塑性流動を補いつつ変形するから、薄
板材3は、下型2のコーナー部で破断したり、あ
るいは垂直な部分で局部的な収縮をきたすことも
なく、さらには、凸部裏面にゴーストを生じるこ
ともなく、短時間のうちに正確に成形される。 Under these conditions, the upper and lower molds 1 and 2 are heated, the thin plate material 3 and the dummy sample 4 are heated to a specific temperature range determined by the composition of the superplastic metal, and their apparent appearance is When the upper die 1 is pushed down at a processing speed corresponding to the upper plate thickness t, the thin plate 3
The dummy sample 4 and the dummy sample 4 exhibit the same deformation as that exhibited by the material having the plate thickness t, and are apparently molded as one body (FIG. 1B). In other words, in this forming process, the dummy sample 4 follows the thin plate material 3 and deforms while compensating for its plastic flow. There is no local shrinkage in the part, and furthermore, there is no ghost on the back surface of the convex part, and the molding can be performed accurately in a short time.
第2図は、本発明方法に基づくエンボス加工工
程の一例を示すものであつて、成形すべき超塑性
金属からなる薄板材3に、同種の金属からなる厚
肉のダミーサンプル4を重ね合わせ、これらを雄
型11と雌型12により所要の形状に成形するも
ので、この成形法においても、薄板材3の塑性流
動はダミーサンプル4によつて補われるから、凹
凸部によつて大きな変形を受けた薄板材3裏面の
盛上り部分3a等にはR状部が形成されて、局部
的な破断が避けられる(第2図ロ)。 FIG. 2 shows an example of an embossing process based on the method of the present invention, in which a thick dummy sample 4 made of the same kind of metal is superimposed on a thin plate material 3 made of superplastic metal to be formed. These are molded into a desired shape using a male mold 11 and a female mold 12. Also in this molding method, the plastic flow of the thin plate material 3 is compensated for by the dummy sample 4, so large deformation is prevented by the uneven parts. R-shaped portions are formed in the raised portion 3a on the back surface of the thin plate material 3 that has received the support, thereby avoiding local breakage (FIG. 2B).
22重量%のAl、0.5重量%のCu、0.05重量%の
Mgを含むZn―22%Al共析微細結晶粒超塑性合金
を基本とした厚さ0.60mm、直径30mmの薄い円板状
素材に、これと同一合金からなる厚さ3.60mm、直
径30mmのダミー用円板状素材を重ね合わせ、これ
らを260℃に加熱した上、片面に凹部を有する型
をもつて加工速度0.01mm/secで加工したところ、
2000Kgの荷重で縦9mm、幅6mm、高さ1.5mmの長
方形状の凸部を有する円板状の製品を成形するこ
とができた。これに対し、ダミー用円板状素材を
用いずに行つた加工においては、薄い円板状素材
に上記した長方体状の凸部を十分に成形すること
ができなかつた。
22 wt% Al, 0.5 wt% Cu, 0.05 wt%
A thin disk-shaped material with a thickness of 0.60 mm and a diameter of 30 mm based on a Zn-22% Al eutectoid fine grain superplastic alloy containing Mg is surrounded by a dummy with a thickness of 3.60 mm and a diameter of 30 mm made of the same alloy. When the disc-shaped materials were stacked together, heated to 260℃, and processed at a processing speed of 0.01mm/sec using a mold with a concave portion on one side,
A disk-shaped product with a rectangular protrusion measuring 9 mm in length, 6 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in height could be formed under a load of 2000 kg. On the other hand, in the processing performed without using the dummy disc-shaped material, it was not possible to sufficiently form the above-mentioned rectangular convex portion on the thin disc-shaped material.
なお、上述した実施例は、いずれも成形すべき
超塑性金属薄板材の加工精度が問われない一面
に、同種の金属からなる1枚のダミーサンプルを
重合するようにしたものであるが、見掛け上の板
厚を所要の歪速度に対応させる手段として、2枚
あるいはそれ以上のダミーサンプルを用いること
も、本発明の好ましい実施例の一つとして挙げる
ことができる。 In each of the above-mentioned examples, one dummy sample made of the same type of metal was polymerized on one side of the superplastic thin metal sheet material to be formed, where the processing accuracy was not a concern. One preferred embodiment of the present invention is to use two or more dummy samples as a means for adjusting the thickness of the upper plate to correspond to the required strain rate.
以上述べたように本発明によれば、成形すべき
超塑性金属薄板材に同種の金属からなるダミー部
材を重合させることにより、見掛け上の板厚を大
きくし、かつ、見掛け上の歪量を小さくし得るの
で、薄板材に大きな変形応力を及ぼすことなく、
薄板材を通常の超塑性金属の加工におけると同様
の加工速度をもつて成形することが可能となり、
その生産性を著しく向上させることができる。し
かも、成形過程においては、ダミー部材が薄板材
に追従してその塑性流動を補いつつともに変形す
るから、薄板材に要求する変形量が過大に過ぎる
場合においても、薄板材に生じる局部的な歪を可
及的に分散させて、肉厚の減少に基づく破断、し
わあるいは収縮といつた成形不良の原因をなす事
態の発生を防ぐことができ、微細部に到るまで再
現性よく転写成形させることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, by polymerizing a dummy member made of the same type of metal onto a superplastic thin metal sheet material to be formed, the apparent thickness of the sheet material can be increased and the apparent amount of strain can be reduced. Because it can be made small, it does not apply large deformation stress to the thin plate material.
It is now possible to form thin plate materials at the same processing speed as normal superplastic metal processing.
Its productivity can be significantly improved. Moreover, during the forming process, the dummy member follows the thin plate material and deforms while compensating for the plastic flow, so even if the amount of deformation required of the thin plate material is excessive, the local strain that occurs in the thin plate material By dispersing the material as much as possible, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of situations that cause molding defects such as breakage, wrinkles, or shrinkage due to a decrease in wall thickness, and transfer molding can be performed with good reproducibility down to the minute parts. be able to.
第1図イ,ロは、本発明方法に基づく圧印成形
工程を示す図、第2図イ,ロは、同エンボス成形
工程を示す図である。
1,11,2,12…型、3…超塑性金属薄板
材、4…同種の金属からなるダミーサンプル。
FIGS. 1A and 1B are views showing the coining process based on the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing the same embossing process. 1, 11, 2, 12... type, 3... superplastic metal thin plate material, 4... dummy sample made of the same kind of metal.
Claims (1)
度の要求が低い方の一面に、少くとも一枚の同種
の超塑性金属板材をダミーとして重合するととも
に、上記超塑性金属の組成と、上記両板材を合わ
せた見掛け上の板厚によつて決まる温度領域と歪
速度領域で、上記両板材を金型中において一体的
に加圧成形するようにしたことを特徴とする超塑
性金属材の成形方法。1. Polymerize at least one superplastic metal sheet of the same type as a dummy on one side of the superplastic thin metal sheet material to be formed, which requires lower dimensional accuracy, and adjust the composition of the superplastic metal and both of the sheet materials. A method for forming a superplastic metal material, characterized in that both of the above-mentioned plate materials are integrally pressure-formed in a mold in a temperature range and a strain rate range determined by the combined apparent thickness of the metal material. .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57157749A JPS5947038A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Formation of superplastic metallic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57157749A JPS5947038A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Formation of superplastic metallic material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5947038A JPS5947038A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
JPH0231610B2 true JPH0231610B2 (en) | 1990-07-16 |
Family
ID=15656504
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57157749A Granted JPS5947038A (en) | 1982-09-10 | 1982-09-10 | Formation of superplastic metallic material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5947038A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000217812A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Scattered-beam eliminating grid and manufacture therefor |
EP3228402B1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2018-11-21 | Wilhelm Gronbach GmbH | Method for producing a component having at least one overhang |
-
1982
- 1982-09-10 JP JP57157749A patent/JPS5947038A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5947038A (en) | 1984-03-16 |
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