JPH02294697A - Musical sound synthesizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform musical sound synthesis based upon the sound generation mechanism of a natural musical instrument by taking out as a musical signal, which is circulated by an exciting means and a signal transmission means, as a musical sound signal. CONSTITUTION:A nonlinear table A which contains the relation between combinations of in-mouth pressure and in-tube pressure when a trumpet is played and the gap area of lips corresponding to the combinations. Further, an adder 32 adds the output information of an adder 31 and the output information of a filter 20a and inputs the sum to a subtracter 17 and a ROM 11a. In this case, the nonlinear table A is referred to by using both information P corresponding to in-mouth pressure and information (q) corresponding to in-tube pressure as direct addresses, so a variation of nonlinearity is increased and various control is possible. Then information S corresponding to the gap area of lips is found from the information P and the information (q) outputted from the filter 20a through a junction 30. Consequently, a natural musical instrument sound can be synthesized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone synthesis device suitable for use in synthesizing the sounds of various natural instruments such as wind instruments or synthesizing reverberant sounds.

``Prior Art'' A method is known in which a model obtained by simulating the sound production mechanism of a natural musical instrument and performing a single stroke is operated, thereby synthesizing the musical tones of a natural musical instrument. Note that this type of technology is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-40199.

Figure 5 shows the sound production mechanism of wind instruments. This figure shows the configuration of a musical tone synthesizer obtained by z-rating. In the same figure,! ■ is a ROM (read only memory), I2 is an adder, I3 is a subtracter, 14, 15 and 16 are multipliers, and these components control the operation of the mouthpiece and reed of a wind instrument such as a clarinet. A simulated excitation circuit IO is constructed.

Here, the information stored in the ROMII will be explained. Wind instruments are played by the player holding the mouthpiece in their mouth and blowing into the space between the reed and the mouthpiece. In this case, the pressure exerted on the reed when the blow player puts the mouthpiece in his mouth (this pressure is called amp sure)
The cross-sectional area of the gap changes depending on the sum of the pressure and the air pressure within the gap. In this case, the relationship between the total pressure applied to the lead and the cross-sectional area of the gap follows the elastic properties of the lead, so it is a nonlinear relationship. ROMI! stores a table of nonlinear functions that shows the relationship between the pressure applied to this lead (input) and the cross-sectional area of the gap (output), and by specifying data corresponding to the pressure as an address, the cross-sectional area of the gap can be determined. Data corresponding to is output.

20 is a filter that simulates the transmission characteristics of the pipe section of a wind instrument, that is, a resonant pipe.

In this configuration, the subtractor I3 receives information P corresponding to the blowing pressure and information sent from the filter 20, that is, information q corresponding to the air pressure wave flowing back from the pipe section to the mouthpiece. .

Then, the subtractor 13 subtracts the information q from the information P, and outputs information ΔP corresponding to the air pressure inside the mouthpiece. Then, the adder I2 outputs information E corresponding to the pressure when the blow player puts the mouthpiece in his/her mouth (this pressure is called ampsure), and the subtractor! 3 is added, and the information IPP corresponding to the total pressure applied to the lead is output. Then, this information PP is R.
given to OMl1.

Then, information S corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the mouthpiece and the reed is output from ROMI+ and input to the multiplier 15. On the other hand, the information ΔP is multiplied by -1 by the multiplier 14, and the multiplication result -ΔI) is input to the multiplier 15.

By this process of multiplying by -1, pressure information ΔP representing the air pressure from the inside of the tube toward the lead side as positive is converted to pressure information −ΔP representing the direction from the lead side toward the inside of the tube as positive. Then, a multiplier I5 multiplies information S corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the gap between the mouthpiece and the reed by information -ΔP corresponding to the air pressure in the gap, which corresponds to the flow velocity of the air flow passing through the gap. Information PL is determined and output.

Then, the multiplier I6 multiplies the information FL corresponding to the flow velocity of the air flow by the displacement information G corresponding to the difficulty of passing the air flow at the entrance of the pipe section (near the lead attachment part), and the pressure wave traveling into the pipe is Corresponding information X is output. and,
The information IX is input to the filter 20, and the output information of the filter 20 is input to the subtracter I3 as information q corresponding to the pressure of the airflow flowing back from the tube to the reed. Then, the same processing as described above is performed to obtain information X corresponding to the air pressure waves emitted from the reed and directed into the pipe, and the filter 2
is man-powered.

In this way, information corresponding to air pressure waves is circulated in the closed loop composed of the excitation circuit 10 and the filter 20, that is, resonance operation is performed.

Then, musical tone information is extracted from a predetermined node of the filter 20, and a musical tone is generated based on this musical tone information.

"Problem to be Solved by the Invention" By the way, the conventional musical tone synthesis device described above is suitable for wind instruments (for example, talarinets or saxophones) in which the movement of the reed depends on the air pressure ΔP in the gap between the mouthpiece and the reed. is suitable, but with the lips as the lead (in this case,
It cannot be applied to brass instruments such as the trumpet (also known as a blow player's lip reed). The reason for this will be explained below.

In the case of a lip reed, when the degree of opening of the lips is small, intraoral pressure acts to open the lips, and air pressure from the tube side acts to close the lips. However, as the degree of opening of the lips increases, the pressure from the tube side becomes less effective on the lips. That is, in the case of lip bleed, if the intraoral pressure and the pressure from the tube side change, the degree to which the lips open changes even if the pressure difference between the two does not change. Therefore, even if you imitate a conventional musical tone synthesizer and find the pressure difference between the intraoral pressure and the air pressure from the tube side, it is not possible to unambiguously determine the degree of lip opening from that pressure difference, There was a problem in that it was not possible to synthesize the musical tones of brass instruments.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is applicable to the musical sounds of wind instruments such as trumpets, where the movement of the reed cannot be determined uniquely by the pressure difference between the pressure inside the mouth and the pressure inside the tube. It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone synthesizer that can synthesize various other natural musical instrument sounds or reverberant sound effects.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to solve the above problems, a first invention provides an excitation means for generating an excitation signal by inputting a signal corresponding to a performance operation and a feedback signal; , a signal transmission means for applying a delay of at least a predetermined time to the excitation means as a feedback signal, and the signal circulated by the excitation means and the signal transmission means is taken out as a musical tone signal.

Further, the second invention is characterized in that the excitation means is constituted by a memory that reads out an excitation signal using both the signal corresponding to the performance operation and the feedback signal as addresses.

"Operation" According to the above configuration, the excitation means determines information corresponding to the air pressure wave directed from the exhalation guide to the wind instrument's wind instrument from the output information from the signal transmission means and the information corresponding to the exhalation pressure. , the h'? wX is manually input to the signal transmission means. The information corresponding to this air pressure wave is then subjected to delay processing that simulates the propagation characteristics of the air pressure waves in the pipe section of the wind instrument by the signal transmission means, and is manually input to the excitation means. In this way, musical sounds of wind instruments and the like are synthesized by circulating information corresponding to air pressure waves between the excitation means and the signal transmission means.

“Example J Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical tone synthesizer according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same reference numerals are given to the parts corresponding to those in FIG. 5 described above, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

This musical tone synthesis device is constructed for the purpose of synthesizing musical tones of a trumpet. And with this musical tone synthesizer!・Nonlinear table A is ROMIIa which assumes various magnitudes of intraoral pressure and intrapipe pressure during ranbet blowing, and expresses the relationship between each combination of intraoral pressure and intrapipe pressure and the corresponding lip gap area. is stored in

Then, information I corresponding to the intraoral pressure supplied from Uiro
) and information q corresponding to the pipe pressure output from the filter 20a via the junk tank 30 are stored in the ROM 11a as upper bits and lower pits of address information, respectively.
to obtain information 9 corresponding to the area of the gap between the lips. FIG. 2 exemplifies the relationship between the intraoral pressure information P, the intraluminal pressure q, and the information S representing the lip gap area stored in the ROMIIa. Note that the filter 20a in FIG. 1 is designed in accordance with the transmission m frequency characteristics for the air pressure waves of a trumpet tube.

And this musical tone synthesizer. Then, the difference between the information P corresponding to the intraoral pressure and the information q corresponding to the intraductal pressure is calculated by the subtractor 17.
The information △P corresponding to the air pressure in the gap between the lips is obtained, and the multiplier 15 combines the information S and the information △P.
The information PL corresponding to the flow velocity of the air flow in the gap between the lips is obtained by multiplying the values. In addition, the filter 20
A junction 30 consisting of adders 31 and 32 is inserted in the input/output section of a. To elaborate further,
The output information from the multiplier 16 and the output information from the filter 20a are added by the adder 3l, and then the filter 20
a, the output information of the adder 31 and the filter 20a
is added by the adder 32 to the output information of the subtracter 1
7 and ROMI Ia. This junction 30 simulates the scattering phenomenon of air pressure waves at the boundary between the mouthpiece and the pipe section of a wind instrument.

Here, ROMI I storing the nonlinear table Δ
To explain a in detail, in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 5, the nonlinear table is referred to using the calculation result of the information P corresponding to the intraoral pressure and the information q corresponding to the intraductal pressure as an address. In the example, since the nonlinear table A is referred to using both the information P corresponding to the intraoral pressure and the information 9 corresponding to the intraductal pressure as direct addresses, nonlinear variations can be increased and various controls can be performed.

Then, information S corresponding to the lip gap area is obtained from information P corresponding to the intraoral pressure and information q corresponding to the intracanal pressure outputted from the filter 20a via the noyanction 30, and the musical sound of the trumpet is synthesized. be exposed.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, as output information for input information P and q, information Sl corresponding to the lip gap area and information △
Information G・△P multiplied by P-P-q and further multiplied by information G
-S was used in the ROM1lb. By using such ROMIlb, the subtracter 17 and the multiplier in FIG. 5.16 has been omitted. Note that the junction 30 in FIG. 1 is omitted in this figure.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the output of ROM 1lb and the filter 20a
A low-pass filter 18a is inserted between the input of the filter 20a and a low-pass filter +8b is inserted between the output of the filter 20a and the input of the R O M1lb. Note that in this embodiment, instead of using the junction 30, the output of the filter 20a is used as an adder! 9 and returns to the filter 20a.

According to this embodiment, quantization noise generated by converting information P and q to information S is removed by the low-pass filter 18.
removed by a. In addition, the low-pass filter 18b
By inserting
The output information of lb starts to change with a delay, and the read (
It is possible to reproduce the influence of inertia of the lips) on the musical sound.

In the above embodiments, an example was explained in which the musical tone synthesis device was constructed using a digital circuit, but the processing may be performed by software or may be replaced by an analog circuit. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied not only to the synthesis of wind instrument sounds but also to the synthesis of various natural instrument sounds and the synthesis of reverberant sounds.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the first invention, the excitation means generates an excitation signal by inputting a signal corresponding to a performance operation and a feedback signal; and a signal transmission means which applies a time delay to the excitation means as a feedback signal, and the signal circulated by the excitation means and the signal transmission means is taken out as a musical tone signal. It is possible to perform musical tone synthesis. Further, in the second invention, since the excitation means is constituted by a memory that reads the excitation signal using both the signal corresponding to the Moeki performance operation and the feedback signal as addresses, the reed It is possible to synthesize the musical sounds of wind instruments whose movements cannot be determined uniquely by the pressure difference between the pressure inside the mouth and the pressure inside the tube, as well as the sounds of various natural instruments.
The effect is that reverberant sound can be synthesized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical tone synthesizer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a ROM in the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a musical tone synthesizer according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a nonlinear table stored in IIa. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a conventional musical tone synthesizer. 11a. l1b...ROM, 20a...
filter.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Excitation means that receives as input a signal corresponding to a performance operation and a feedback signal to generate an excitation signal, and a signal transmission that receives the excitation signal as input, delays it by at least a predetermined time, and gives it as a feedback signal to the excitation means. 1. A musical tone synthesizing device comprising means for extracting a signal circulated by said excitation means and said signal transmission means as a musical tone signal. (2) The musical tone synthesis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the excitation means is constituted by a memory that reads out an excitation signal using both the signal corresponding to the performance operation and the feedback signal as addresses.