JPH02292556A - Automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To more effectively perform an acceleration assist by providing an electric means, which gives electric turning force to an output shaft of a torque converter, while a one-way clutch, which transmits power only to an output part side of an engine from a side of the output shaft, between the output shaft and the output part of the engine. CONSTITUTION:A rotating magnetic field pole 52 of a starter generator unit 50 is excited by a feeder coil 54, while in this condition, by placing a stator coil 56 in a conductive condition, a turbine shaft 17 is rotated with the magnetic pole 52. This turning force is transmitted to an output shaft 2 through a one-way clutch 60, provided between the shaft 17 and a pump shaft 4 and transmitting power only to a side of the engine output shaft 2 from the shaft 17, and an engine is started by rotating the output shaft 2 in a predetermined direction. After the engine is started, the generator unit 50 functions as an electric motor, and an acceleration assist is performed by giving torque to the shaft 17 similarly to the above mentioned. At this time, a rotational speed of the shaft 17 is lower than that of a pump 12 connected to the shaft 2, and the large torque is output as the electric motor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an automatic transmission, and particularly to an automatic transmission equipped with an electric means for applying electrical rotational force to the output shaft of a torque converter constituting the automatic transmission. Regarding transmission.

(Prior Art) First, automobile engines are normally equipped with a starter motor for starting and an alternator for power generation, but in recent years, starter motor Engines are known that are equipped with a starter generator that has both the functions of an alternator and an alternator.

For example, according to Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-54949, there is a rotating field pole formed on the outer periphery of a flywheel fitted to one end of the crankshaft, and a rotating field pole disposed close to the inner periphery of the flywheel. a field coil that excites the rotating field pole; and a stator coil that is also placed close to the outer circumferential side of the rotating field pole and drives the rotating field pole by being energized, or generates an induced electromotive force by the rotation of the rotating field pole. A starter generator is shown, which is comprised of: This starter generator not only has the functions of a starter motor and an alternator, but also controls the energization state of the stator coil to generate an engine that is integrated with a flywheel in which rotating field poles are formed. By applying torque to the output shaft, it is possible to effectively assist acceleration during normal driving, and by synchronizing the starter generator with engine torque fluctuations, it can be used as a generator to increase engine torque. Furthermore, by functioning as an electric motor when engine torque decreases, engine torque fluctuations can be smoothed out.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, for example, as in the above-mentioned power generator, an electric means having both the function of a starter motor and the function of increasing torque is used to convert the rotational force of the engine into a torque converter. In order to make the electric means function as a starter motor when the electric means is installed in a car equipped with an automatic transmission that outputs the output through the side of the transmission gear, it is necessary to connect the electric means to the engine output side, that is, to the engine output side. Is it necessary to install it on the pump side of the torque converter that is integrated with the shaft? In this case, the electric means t! - If an attempt is made to assist acceleration by applying the required torque to the pump side by making it function as an electric motor, the following problems will occur.

In other words, as shown in Figure 3, electric motors generally have the characteristic that the torque generated decreases as their rotational speed increases, and this characteristic also applies when the above-mentioned electric means is used as a motor. It is.

On the other hand, during normal acceleration in a car equipped with an automatic transmission 3!8, the rotation speed of the turbine shaft 1 of the torque converter, which transmits engine output to the transmission gear mechanism, is higher than that of the turbine shaft connected to the engine's output shaft. The number of revolutions on the Bonn 7 side is much higher! It's become a bit of a bit of a bit of a bit of a bit of a bit. Therefore, even if an attempt is made to apply l·lux to the pump, which is in a high-speed rotation state, by the electric means, as shown in FIG. The torque was in an extremely low state, and therefore it was not possible to effectively provide acceleration assistance. It may be possible to generate a relatively large torque even in a high rotation range by increasing the capacity of the electric means as the motor, but in this case, this would result in the electric means becoming larger. , when assembling this into an automatic transmission, the layout becomes a problem.

In addition, in automatic transmissions, Tyrek 1 is used for the turbine shaft that transmits engine output to the speed change gear mechanism.
・By applying torque to the engine, it is possible to effectively assist acceleration, but as mentioned above, the electric means with four torque functions is connected to the torque converter connected to the engine output shaft. When installed on the pump side, the engine output to which the required torque is applied by the electric means is transmitted to the turbine shaft via the fluid in the torque converter, so the required torque is applied as described above. There was a time delay before the engine output with torque was transmitted to the turbine shaft, and the response was poor as it was not transmitted instantaneously.

Therefore, the present invention equips an automobile equipped with an automatic transmission that outputs the rotational force of the engine through a torque converter and a speed change gear mechanism with an electric means that has both a starter motor function and a torque imparting function. In some cases, this electric means maintains its function as a starter motor, and moreover, the electric means satisfactorily applies torque to the output shaft (turbine shaft 1) of the torque converter, thereby providing acceleration assistance during normal driving. The purpose is to make it possible to do it more effectively.

Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

That is, in an automatic two-speed machine that outputs the rotational force of the engine through a torque converter and a speed change gear mechanism, an electric means for applying electric rotational force to the output shaft of the torque converter is provided, and the output shaft and the engine output section The present invention is characterized in that a one-way clutch is provided between the engine and the engine for transmitting power only from the output shaft side to the engine output section side.

(Sakukawa) According to the above configuration, the output shaft of the I/L converter is rotated by applying an electric rotational force to the output shaft of the I/L converter using electric means. This rotational force is then transmitted to the engine output section via a one-way clutch that is provided between the output shaft and the engine output section and transmits power only from the output shaft side to the engine output section side. As a result, the engine output shaft, which is integrally connected to the engine output section, rotates in a predetermined direction, and as a result, the engine is started. That is, the electric means described in -E can function well as a starter motor.

Furthermore, after the engine has been started, acceleration can be assisted by causing the electric means to function as an electric motor and applying electrical rotational force to the output shaft of the torque converter. The rotation speed of the output shaft is lower than the rotation speed of the pump connected to the engine output section. On the other hand, an electric motor has a characteristic of generating large torque in a low rotation range, and therefore, by using the electric motor in a low rotation range, it is possible to efficiently apply rotational force to the output shaft of the torque converter. As a result, acceleration can be assisted extremely effectively.

Furthermore, by applying torque directly to the output shaft, acceleration is assisted instantly without causing a response delay unlike when applying torque to the engine output side. It is possible to significantly improve responsiveness during acceleration assist of a vehicle equipped with a transmission.

Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the automatic transmission 1 according to the present embodiment includes:
A torque converter 10, a speed change gear mechanism 2o driven by the output of the converter 10, a plurality of frictional engagement elements 31 to 36 such as clutches and brakes, and one-way clutches 41, 42 that switch the power transmission path of the machine [20].
With these, D. as a driving range. s. L
．． Each R range, 1st to 4th speeds in the D range, 1st to 3rd speeds in the S range, and 1st and 2nd speeds in the L range are available.

The torque converter 10 includes a pump 12 fixedly installed in a case 11 connected to an engine output shaft 2, and a turbine 13 disposed opposite to the pump 12 and driven by the pump 12 via hydraulic oil. , a stator 15 that is interposed between the pump 12 and the turbine 13 and is supported by the transmission gate 3 via the one-way clutch 14 to increase torque; and the case 11 and the turbine 13.
A lock-up clutch 16 is provided between the engine and the turbine 13 and directly connects the engine output shaft 2 and the turbine 13 via the case 11. The rotation of the turbine 13 is outputted to the transmission gear machine jt420 via the turbine shaft t.17. here,
A pump shaft 4 passing through the turbine shaft 17 is connected to the engine output shaft 2 via a case 11 of a torque converter 10, and the shaft 4 drives an oil pump 5 provided at the rear end of the transmission. It is supposed to be done.

On the other hand, the transmission gear machine side 20 is composed of a Ravigneau type planetary gear device, and includes a small sun gear 21 with a small diameter loosely fitted on the turbine shaft 1 17, and a rear part of the sun gear 21 (anti-torque converter 10). side), a large sun gear 22 with a large diameter is also loosely fitted onto the turbine shaft 17, a plurality of short beignon gears 23 are meshed with the small sun gear 21, and the front half is connected to the short beignon gear 23. A long pinion gear 2 that is engaged and whose rear half is engaged with the large sun gear 22
4, a pinion carrier 25 that rotatably supports the l7 pinion gear 24 and the short pinion gear 23, and a ring gear 26 meshed with the front half of the long pinion gear 24. A forward clutch 31 and a first one-way clutch 41 are interposed in series between the turbine shaft 17 and the small sangya 21, and a coast clutch 32 is interposed in parallel with these clutches 31 and 41. In addition, a 3-4 clutch 33 is interposed between the turbine shaft 17 and the carrier 25, and a reverse clutch 34 is further interposed between the turbine shaft 17 and the large sun gear 22. Further, a 2-4 brake 35 consisting of a band brake for fixing the large sun gear 22 is provided between the large sun gear 22 and the reverse clutch 34, and between the binion carrier 25 and the transmission gate 3, a 2-4 brake 35 is provided between the large sun gear 22 and the reverse clutch 34. A second one-way clutch 42 that receives the reaction force of the carrier 25 and a low reverse brake 36 that fixes the carrier 25 are provided in parallel. The ring gear 26 is connected to the output gear 6, and rotation is transmitted from the output gear 6 to left and right wheels (not shown) via a differential device.

With the above configuration, the frictional engagement elements 31 to 36 such as the clutches and brakes, and the one-way clutches 41 and 42
By selectively operating the gears by a hydraulic control circuit (not shown), four forward gears and one reverse gear can be obtained.

Note that in the forward gear, the forward clutch 31 is always engaged.

In this embodiment, the turbine shaft 1
[Anti-torque converter in 7] A starter generator 50 is provided at the shaft end on the O side, which has both the function of an electric motor for starting and the function of a generator for power generation.
This starter generator 50 is attached to the shaft end of a turbine shaft 17 near the side of an oil pump 5 that is integrally provided at the shaft ends of the bomb shafts I to 4, and is equipped with a rotor that rotates integrally with the turbine shaft 17. A rotating field 52 formed on the outer periphery of the transmission case 3 and a field core 5 fixed at a predetermined position at the f end of the transmission case 3.
3, and the rotating field f! A field coil 54 is disposed close to the inner periphery of the rotary field coil 52 to excite the rotating field coil 52, and a stator core 55, which is also fixed at a predetermined position of the transmission case 3, is wound in a three-phase distribution, and The stator coil 56 is arranged close to the outer periphery of the field pole 52 and rotates the rotating field pole 52 by being energized, or generates an induced electromotive force as the rotating field pole 52 rotates. There is. Then, the rotating field pole 52 is excited by the field coil 54, and in this state, by energizing the stator coil 56, the rotating field pole 52 is moved in a predetermined direction under the action of the magnetic force from the starter coil 56. When the rotary field poles 52 are rotated and the rotating field poles 52 are rotated in a bad condition, the electric current to the stator coil 56 is cut off, so that an induced electromotive force is generated in the stator coil 56.

On the other hand, a brake 37 for fixing the ring gear 26 as necessary is provided in the transmission case 3 at four parts of the low reverse brake 36, and a shaft end of the turbine shaft 17 on the engine output shaft 2 side is provided. A one-way clutch 60 is interposed between the pump shaft 4 passing through the turbine shaft 17, and the one-way clutch 60 transmits the rotational force of the turbine shaft 17 only to the pump shaft 41. is configured to do so. That is, the rotational force of the turbine shaft 1-17 is transmitted only from the turbine shaft 1, 17 side to the case 11 side connected to the engine output shaft 2 via the pump shaft 1 4.

Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, the rotating field pole 52 in the starter generator 50 is excited by the feeder coil 54, and in this state, the stator coil 5
6 is energized, the turbine shaft 17 rotates together with the rotating field pole 52. This rotational force is provided between the turbine shaft 17 and the pump shaft 4, and the turbine shaft 1
7 to the engine output shaft 2 via the one-way clutch 60 that transmits power only to the engine output shaft 2 side, the engine output shaft 2 rotates in a predetermined direction, and as a result, the engine is started. It turns out. That is,
The starter generator 50 can function well as a starter motor.

Further, after the engine is started, acceleration assist can be achieved by causing the starter generator 50 to function as an electric motor and applying torque to the turbine shaft 17 in the same manner as described above. The rotation speed of the pump 17 is lower than the rotation speed of the pump 12 connected to the engine output shaft 2. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 3, the electric motor has a characteristic of generating large torque in the low rotation range, and therefore, the above-mentioned starting generator 5
By using the motor 0 as an electric motor, it is possible to efficiently apply torque to the turbine shaft 17, thereby enabling extremely effective acceleration assistance 1.

Furthermore, since the starter generator 50 directly applies torque to the turbine shaft 17, the starter generator 50 applies one inch of torque to the turbine shaft 17 at the start of acceleration. 3f
The torque of the fi turbine shaft 17 can be increased immediately. That is, when torque is applied directly to the pump 12 side connected to the engine output shaft 2 side, the acceleration start timing (
c) After a certain time delay, the turbine shaft 17
However, if the torque is applied directly to the turbine shaft 17 as in this embodiment, as shown by the solid line B, the torque increases immediately from the acceleration start time (c). The torque of the turbine shaft 17 will increase. As a result, acceleration assistance can be instantaneously performed without causing a response delay, and the responsiveness of an automobile equipped with this type of automatic transmission 1 during acceleration assistance can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, by causing the starter generator 50 to function as a generator while the vehicle is running, deceleration assist can be effectively performed in the same way as described above. That is, by cutting off the current to the stator coil 56 in the starter generator 50, an induced electromotive force is generated in the stator coil 56 by the rotating field pole 52 rotating together with the turbine shaft l-17, and this power generation is interrupted. A reverse torque acts on the turbine shaft 17 due to the load, thereby effectively assisting in deceleration.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, in the N range, the turbine shaft 17 is directly connected to the engine output shaft 2 side via the lock-up clutch 16, thereby increasing the rotational speed of the turbine shaft 17, thereby increasing the starting power generation. The device 50 can generate electricity, and during a stop M1 in a driving range such as the D range or the L range, the turbine shaft 17 is connected to the engine output shaft 2 via the lock-up clutch 16 in the same manner as described above.
In addition to increasing the rotation speed, the brake 3
By regulating the rotation of the ring gear 26 by 7,
The starter generator 50 can generate electricity.

Furthermore, it is a starter generator that has both functions as a starter motor and a generator! As shown in FIG. Even when the starter generator 5o is provided, the entire automatic transmission 1 can be constructed relatively compactly, and since the starter generator 50 is provided at the rear end of the transmission case 3, , transmission gear machine horizontal 20 and front wheel differential (
There is no need to change the position of the (not shown). Furthermore, compared to the conventional case where the starter motor and alternator are each provided separately, the entire powertrain consisting of the power plant consisting of the engine and the drive system connected to it can be configured more compactly. It becomes possible.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the output shaft is rotated by applying an electrical rotational force to the output shaft of the LC converter by electric means, and this rotational force is applied to the output shaft of the LC converter. Power is transmitted to the engine output side via a one-way clutch that transmits power only from the side to the engine output side, and as a result,
An engine output shaft integrally connected to the engine output portion rotates in a predetermined direction, and as a result, the engine is started. That is, the electric means can function well as a starter motor.

Furthermore, after starting the engine, the electric means functions as an electric motor and applies rotational force to the output shaft of the torque converter, which has a relatively low rotational speed, so that the ability of the electric means as an electric motor is fully exhibited. By doing so, it is possible to provide extremely effective acceleration assist.

Furthermore, by applying torque directly to the output shaft, acceleration is assisted instantly without causing a response delay unlike when applying torque to the engine output side. It is possible to significantly improve responsiveness during acceleration assist of a vehicle equipped with a transmission.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an automatic transmission according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a starter generator installed in the automatic transmission according to this embodiment. A graph showing the torque fluctuation of the turbine shaft during acceleration assist by
This is a graph showing the relationship between . 1... automatic transmission, 10... torque converter, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Gauge (engine output part), 17... Output shaft (turbine shaft), 20... Speed change gear mechanism, 50
... Electric means (starting generator), 60... One-way clutch. -4111

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An automatic transmission that outputs the rotational force of an engine via a torque converter and a speed change gear mechanism, the automatic transmission being provided with an electric means for applying electric rotational force to the output shaft of the torque converter, and the above-mentioned An automatic transmission characterized in that a one-way clutch is provided between an output shaft and an engine output section for transmitting power only from the output shaft side to the engine output section side.