JPH0229244A - Base material and member for artificial tooth-root - Google Patents
Base material and member for artificial tooth-rootInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0229244A JPH0229244A JP63179370A JP17937088A JPH0229244A JP H0229244 A JPH0229244 A JP H0229244A JP 63179370 A JP63179370 A JP 63179370A JP 17937088 A JP17937088 A JP 17937088A JP H0229244 A JPH0229244 A JP H0229244A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- artificial tooth
- base material
- tooth root
- root
- root base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 210000004746 tooth root Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 10
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 23
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000008312 Tooth Loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003479 dental cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012966 insertion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 titanium alloys) Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、人工歯根用基材および人工歯根部材に関する
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a base material for an artificial tooth root and an artificial tooth root member.
従来技術とその問題点
従来、歯牙欠損に伴う咀噌機能の回復には、義歯床によ
る補綴が主に行われてきた。しかしながら、近年咀噌機
能の回復のみならず、審美的外観および発音の回復をも
目的として、人工歯根が急速に開発されつつある。Conventional techniques and their problems Conventionally, prosthetics using denture bases have been mainly used to restore masticatory function due to tooth loss. However, in recent years, artificial tooth roots have been rapidly developed for the purpose of restoring not only masticatory function but also aesthetic appearance and pronunciation.
現在人工歯根材料として広く使用されているものにチタ
ンを代表とする金属がある。金属製歯根は、強度に優れ
、厚み（或いは幅）が小さくてよく、加工が容易である
などの構造的な利点を有している。金属製歯根には、ブ
レード、オステオインチグレート、１．Ｔ、Ｉ、コアー
ベントなどの板状、棒状、キャップ状などの種々の形態
のものがある。このうち、板状およびキャップ状のもの
は、棒状のものに比して、使用に際して高度の技術が要
求される。Metals such as titanium are currently widely used as artificial tooth root materials. Metal tooth roots have structural advantages such as excellent strength, small thickness (or width), and easy processing. Metal tooth roots include blades, osteoinch grates, 1. There are various shapes such as T, I, core vent, plate shape, rod shape, cap shape, etc. Among these, the plate-shaped and cap-shaped ones require a higher degree of skill when used than the rod-shaped ones.
人工歯根材料としては、アルミナ、ジルコニア、アパタ
イトなどのセラミックス系のものも、開発されている。Ceramic materials such as alumina, zirconia, and apatite have also been developed as artificial tooth root materials.
しかしながら、セラミックス系のものは、一般に、金属
に比して、加工が困難である、厚みが大きくなる、など
の構造的な欠点を有している。但し、アパタイトは、骨
伝導能に優れているので、近年特に注目されている。However, ceramic materials generally have structural disadvantages such as being difficult to process and being thicker than metals. However, apatite has attracted particular attention in recent years because of its excellent bone conduction ability.
また、金属にアパタイトをコーティングして、両材料の
優れた特性を利用する試みもなされている。しかしなが
ら、コーティング法による骨との接着では、アパタイト
の有する優れた特性は、時として十分に発揮されないこ
ともある。これは、コーティングが不良であったり、コ
ーティング時にアパタイト本来の性質が変ったりするた
めであると思われる。Attempts have also been made to coat metal with apatite to take advantage of the excellent properties of both materials. However, when bonding to bone using a coating method, the excellent properties of apatite are sometimes not fully exhibited. This seems to be due to poor coating or changes in the original properties of apatite during coating.
構造的に見るならば、従来の人工歯根は、コアーヘッド
と基底部とが一体的に顎骨に植立されてきた。この様な
方法によれば、植立された人工歯根が、口腔内で大なり
小なり咀嗜などの機能に関与するため、圧力が加わって
、骨に対する接着が妨げられる場合がある。アパタイト
系人工歯根に関する研究から、手術後３〜４ケ月間程度
は安静状態に保持することが、骨との接着を促進するた
めに必要であることが判明した。したがって、今後は、
歯槽骨に基底部を埋入し、３〜４ケ月経過後にコアーヘ
ッドを取り付ける“２ピース法“が主流となっていくも
のと考えられる。From a structural point of view, conventional artificial tooth roots have a core head and a base that are integrally implanted in the jawbone. According to such a method, since the implanted artificial tooth root participates in functions such as chewing to a greater or lesser extent within the oral cavity, pressure may be applied and adhesion to the bone may be hindered. Research on apatite-based artificial tooth roots has revealed that it is necessary to keep them in a resting state for about 3 to 4 months after surgery in order to promote adhesion to bone. Therefore, from now on,
It is thought that the "two-piece method", in which the base is implanted in the alveolar bone and the core head is attached after 3 to 4 months, will become mainstream.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明者は、上記の如き技術の現状に鑑みて鋭意研究を
進めた結果、歯槽骨に埋入されるべき棒状の人工歯根基
材の基底部に中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する
複数個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材を使用する場合に
は、従来技術の問題点が大巾に軽減されることを見出し
た。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research in view of the current state of the technology as described above, the present inventor has created a hollow part at the base of a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base material to be implanted in the alveolar bone. It has been found that the problems of the prior art can be greatly alleviated when using an artificial tooth root base material in which a plurality of small holes are provided in the hollow portion and communicate with the outside.
すなわち、本発明は、下記の人工歯根用基材および人工
歯根部材を提供するものである：■■棒状人工歯根基底
部にアパタイト顆粒を充填するための中空部を設け、該
中空部に外部に連通ずる複数個の小孔を設けたことを特
徴とする人工歯根用基材、
■棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を充填するた
めの中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通ずる複数個の
小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材と該人工歯根用基材にネジ
により装着されるコアーヘッドとからなる人工歯根部材
、および
■棒状の人工歯根基底部にアパタイト顆粒を充填するた
めの中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通ずる複数個の
小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材、該人工歯根用部材にネジ
により装着されるコアーヘッドおよび人口歯根基材の前
後に挿入されるテーパ状の添木からなる人工歯根部材。That is, the present invention provides the following artificial tooth root base material and artificial tooth root member: A hollow part for filling apatite granules is provided in the rod-shaped artificial tooth root base, and the hollow part is provided with an external part. A base material for an artificial tooth root characterized by having a plurality of small holes communicating with each other; (1) A rod-shaped artificial tooth root base having a hollow part for filling with apatite granules, and a plurality of holes communicating with the outside; An artificial tooth root member consisting of an artificial tooth root base material provided with small holes and a core head attached to the artificial tooth root base material with screws; A base material for an artificial tooth root, which has a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside in the hollow part, a core head attached to the member for the artificial tooth root with a screw, and a taper inserted before and after the artificial tooth root base material. An artificial tooth root component consisting of a shaped splint.
以下図面に示す実施態様を参照しつつ、本発明を更に詳
細に説明する。The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.
第１図は、本発明による人工歯根用基材（１）の大要を
示す断面図である。人工歯根基材（１）は、通常長さ１
０〜１５ｍｍ程度、太さ３．２〜５、 Ｏｍ園程度の棒
状体で、基底面は、凸面となっている。基材の材質とし
ては、特に限定されず、金属（チタン合金など）、セラ
ミックス、合成樹脂などが使用可能であるが、加工性の
点からは、金属がより有利である。人工歯根用基材（１
）には、後述するアパタイト顆粒を充填するための直径
１．８〜３．５ｍｏ＋程度の中空部（３）が設けられて
おり、該中空部（３）の周囲には外部に連通ずる複数個
の小孔（５）が穿設されている。該小孔（５）の径は、
通常５００〜１０００μｍ程度で、その総数は、１０〜
３０個程度である。中空部（３）の上端側内周部には、
後述するコアーヘッドを装着するためのネジ溝（７）が
設けられている。人工歯根基材（１）の表面には、骨と
の親相性を改善するために、アパタイトをコーティング
することが出来る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the outline of the base material for an artificial tooth root (1) according to the present invention. The artificial tooth root base material (1) usually has a length of 1
It is a rod-shaped body about 0 to 15 mm in diameter, 3.2 to 5 mm in thickness, and has a convex base. The material of the base material is not particularly limited, and metals (such as titanium alloys), ceramics, synthetic resins, etc. can be used, but metals are more advantageous in terms of workability. Base material for artificial tooth roots (1
) is provided with a hollow part (3) having a diameter of about 1.8 to 3.5 mo+ for filling with apatite granules, which will be described later, and around the hollow part (3) there are a plurality of holes communicating with the outside. A small hole (5) is made. The diameter of the small hole (5) is
Usually about 500 to 1000 μm, and the total number is 10 to 1000 μm.
There are about 30 pieces. On the inner circumference of the upper end of the hollow part (3),
A thread groove (7) is provided for mounting a core head, which will be described later. The surface of the artificial tooth root base material (1) can be coated with apatite in order to improve its compatibility with bone.
以下、第２図乃至第６図を参照しつつ、本発明による人
工歯根部材を使用する手順を簡略に説明する。Hereinafter, the procedure for using the artificial tooth root member according to the present invention will be briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.
まず、人工歯根を埋入しようとする部分の粘膜（９）を
剥離して、歯槽骨（１１）を露出させた後、骨頂部（１
３）が尖っている場合などには、骨頂部（１３）の上端
を削って平坦面（１５）とする（第２図）。First, the mucous membrane (9) of the part where the artificial tooth root is to be implanted is peeled off to expose the alveolar bone (11), and then the bone apex (1
3) is sharp, the upper end of the bone apex (13) is shaved off to make it a flat surface (15) (Figure 2).
次いで、骨頂部（１３）の平坦面（１５）から両軸方向
に直径１．０〜１．５關程度で、深さ８〜１０ｍｍ程度
の穴を開け、さらにこの穴を上記の人工歯根用基材（１
）が丁度嵌まる大きさにまで拡張した後、セッティング
インストメント（１７）により、これに人工歯根用基材
（１）を挿入し、フィツトさせる（第３図）。Next, a hole with a diameter of about 1.0 to 1.5 mm and a depth of about 8 to 10 mm is made in both axial directions from the flat surface (15) of the bone apex (13), and this hole is used for the artificial tooth root described above. Base material (1
) is expanded to a size that will fit properly, then the artificial tooth root base material (1) is inserted into it using the setting instrument (17) and it is fitted (Fig. 3).
次いで、人工歯根用基材（１）の中空部（３）内にアパ
タイト顆粒（１９）を入れ、ネジ溝（７）の下方まで圧
接充填する（第４図）。Next, apatite granules (19) are placed in the hollow part (3) of the artificial tooth root base material (1) and filled under pressure into the thread groove (7) (FIG. 4).
アパタイト顆粒（１９）の充填完了後、ネジ（２１）を
締め、粘膜（９）を縫合する（第５図）。After filling the apatite granules (19), the screw (21) is tightened and the mucous membrane (9) is sutured (FIG. 5).
人工歯根用基材（１）の埋入から３〜４ケ月経過後、ア
パタイト顆粒（１９）が小孔（５）を介して＠槽骨（１
１）と一体的にＩＬ９した時点で、ネジ（２１）上方の
粘膜（９）を除去し、ネジ（２１）を取り外し、ここに
ヘッドコア−（２３）をネジ込むことにより、人工歯根
の植立を完了する。ネジ溝（７）とへラドコア−（２３
）との固定状況に不安がある場合には、歯科用セメント
を併用して固定を行っても良い。Three to four months after the implantation of the artificial tooth root base material (1), the apatite granules (19) are inserted into the alveolar bone (1) through the small holes (5).
At the time of IL9 integrated with 1), remove the mucous membrane (9) above the screw (21), remove the screw (21), and screw the head core (23) here to implant the artificial tooth root. complete. Thread groove (7) and helad core (23)
) If there is any concern about the fixation status, dental cement may be used in conjunction with the fixation.
対合歯との咬合関係でヘッドコア−（２３）を傾斜させ
る必要がある場合には、傾斜型のへラドコアーおよび内
冠を制作して使用すれば良い。If it is necessary to incline the head core (23) in occlusal relation with the opposing teeth, an inclined herad core and inner crown may be manufactured and used.
また、歯牙欠損部の骨の厚みが小さくて棒状人工歯根の
埋入れ深さが十分にとれない場合（例えば深さＩＣ１＋
ｍ程度）には、単独植立に使用上の不安を感じることが
ある。この様な場合には、第７図に概略的に示すように
、人工歯根基材（１）の前後にテーパ状の添木（２５）
を挿入しても良い。In addition, if the thickness of the bone in the tooth-deficient area is small and the rod-shaped artificial tooth root cannot be implanted to a sufficient depth (for example, depth IC1+
m), there may be concerns about using it when planting it alone. In such a case, as schematically shown in Figure 7, tapered splints (25) are placed in front and behind the artificial tooth root base material (1).
You may also insert .
この添木には、人工歯根と同一の材料を用いる。The same material as the artificial tooth root is used for this splint.
添木（２５）の人工歯根基材（１）と接する側は、人工
歯根基材（１）の外側と密着する様に、凹面状に加工し
ておくことが好ましい。挿入方法は、人工歯根基材（１
）を埋入れした後、その前後部分の歯槽性に所定の寸法
および形状の穴を開け、２本の添木（２５）を交互に打
込んで、固定し、粘膜を縫合すれば良い。添木が骨の上
面よりも突出する場合には、突出部分を削り取る。The side of the splint (25) that contacts the artificial tooth root base material (1) is preferably processed into a concave shape so as to be in close contact with the outside of the artificial tooth root base material (1). The insertion method is as follows: artificial tooth root base material (1
), a hole of a predetermined size and shape is made in the alveolar region of the anterior and posterior portions, two splints (25) are inserted alternately to fix the splint, and the mucous membrane is sutured. If the splint protrudes beyond the upper surface of the bone, the protruding portion is scraped off.
発明の効果
本発明によれば、人工歯根基材内の中空部に充填したア
パタイト顆粒が、該中空部の周壁部に設けた小孔を介し
て骨自体と接着するので、強固な人工歯根が形成される
。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the apatite granules filled in the hollow part of the artificial tooth root base material adhere to the bone itself through the small holes provided in the peripheral wall of the hollow part, so that a strong artificial tooth root can be created. It is formed.
また、人工歯根基材の表面をアパタイトによりコーティ
ングしておく場合には、骨との結合は、より強固なもの
となり、より安定した人工歯根が形成される。Further, when the surface of the artificial tooth root base material is coated with apatite, the bonding with the bone becomes stronger, and a more stable artificial tooth root is formed.
さらにまた、棒状人工歯根の埋入れ深さが十分にとれな
い場合にも、添木を併用することにより、安定した人工
歯根の埋入れが可能となる。Furthermore, even when the rod-shaped artificial tooth root cannot be implanted to a sufficient depth, stable implantation of the artificial tooth root is possible by using a splint in combination.
第１図は、本発明の人工歯根基材の断面の概要を示す図
面、第２図乃至第６図は、本発明による人工歯根部材を
使用する手順を説明する図面、第７図は、添、木を併用
する場合の使用例を示す図面である。
（１）・・・人工歯根基材
（３）・・・中空部
（５）・・・複数個の小孔
（７）・・・ネジ溝
（９）・・・粘膜
・・・歯槽骨
・・・骨頂部
・・・骨頂部（１３）の平坦面
・・・セツティングインストルメント
・・・アパタイト顆粒
・・・ネジ
・・・ヘッドコア−
・・・テーパ状の添木
（以上）
第
図
第
図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the cross section of the artificial tooth root base material of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 6 are diagrams explaining the procedure for using the artificial tooth root member according to the present invention, and FIG. , is a drawing showing an example of use when wood is used in combination. (1)...Artificial tooth root base material (3)...Hollow part (5)...Multiple small holes (7)...Screw groove (9)...Mucosa...Alveolar bone... ...Bone crest...Flat surface of bone crest (13)...Setting instrument...Apatite granules...Screw...Head core...Tapered splint (or more) Fig. figure
Claims (3)
るための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数
個の小孔を設けたことを特徴とする人工歯根用基材。(1) A base material for an artificial tooth root, characterized in that a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base is provided with a hollow portion for filling with apatite granules, and the hollow portion is provided with a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside.
るための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数
個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材と該人工歯根用部材に
ネジにより装着されるコアーヘッドとからなる人工歯根
部材。(2) A base material for an artificial tooth root in which a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base is provided with a hollow part for filling with apatite granules, and a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside are provided in the hollow part, and the artificial tooth root member. An artificial tooth root component consisting of a core head attached with a screw.
るための中空部を設け、該中空部に外部に連通する複数
個の小孔を設けた人工歯根用基材、該人工歯根用部材に
ネジにより装着されるコアーヘッドおよび人口歯根基材
の前後に挿入されるテーパ状の添木からなる人工歯根部
材。(3) A base material for an artificial tooth root in which a rod-shaped artificial tooth root base is provided with a hollow portion for filling with apatite granules, and a plurality of small holes communicating with the outside are provided in the hollow portion; An artificial tooth root member consisting of a core head attached with a screw and a tapered splint inserted before and after the artificial tooth root base material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179370A JP2691350B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179370A JP2691350B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0229244A true JPH0229244A (en) | 1990-01-31 |
| JP2691350B2 JP2691350B2 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
Family
ID=16064665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63179370A Expired - Fee Related JP2691350B2 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1988-07-18 | Base material for artificial tooth root and artificial tooth root member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2691350B2 (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-07-18 JP JP63179370A patent/JP2691350B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2691350B2 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |