JPH02291490A - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve accurate rotation-blocking actuation in a simple process by performing rotation-blocking actuation of a moving scroll by means of engaging a columnar pin with a circular guide hole bored in each race that is fixed or that can be moved, in a line-connection condition. CONSTITUTION:In a scroll type compressor, a moving scroll 16 is revolved to a fixed scroll 17 by means of the rotation of an eccentric ring 11, while the rotation of the moving scroll is blocked by a rotation-blocking mechanism 18, which is constructed by providing three or more columnar pins 23 inserted in and supported by a hole bored in a ringed loose retainer 22. Both edges of each 23 are engaged with circular guide holes 26, 27 of a front side race 24 and of a rear side race 25 mounted on a front housing 3 and on the moving scroll 16, being opposed to each other. Between the respective races 24 and 25, a group of balls 28 held by the retainer 22 along with the pin 23 are placed and are thrust-supported.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a scroll type compressor, and particularly relates to an improvement of a mechanism thereof having rotation prevention and thrust support functions.

[Conventional technology]

For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 17955/1983 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 17955/1983
As seen in Japanese Patent No. 15276, in a scroll type compressor, it is necessary to mesh and drive the movable scroll with respect to the fixed scroll in a mode of only revolution without rotation, but at the same time, the end face of each scroll must be driven. In order to achieve this seal, it is necessary to push the movable scroll axially toward the fixed scroll against the pressure of the compressed fluid, so a mechanism that has both a rotation prevention function and a thrust support function is required. , is provided between the housing, which is a stationary body, and the movable scroll. The main parts of the mechanism are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

In the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a fixing ring that is locked to the housing 103 side together with a fixing race 102 on the back side.A large number of circular holes 104 are bored in the ring 101, and the opening edge of each circular hole 104 is A tapered chamfer 105 is provided. Movable ring 1 facing parallel to fixed ring
06 is attached to the side of the movable scroll 108 together with the movable race 107 behind it. Similarly to the fixed ring 101, the movable ring 106 is also provided with circular holes 109, and the edges of these circular holes 109 are also provided with tapered chamfers 110. When assembled, there are balls 111 between the corresponding circular holes 104 and 109 of the fixed ring 101 and the movable ring 106, respectively.
will be supported.

When the movable scroll 108 is driven by an eccentric wheel on a rotating shaft (not shown), the movable scroll 108 tries to rotate, so that the movable ring 106 is attached to the fixed ring 101.
The balls 111 are displaced relative to each other in the rotational direction, and the balls 111 come into contact with the edges of the respective circular holes 104 and 109 in the fixed ring and the movable ring, so that the movable ring 106 and therefore the movable scroll 108 cannot rotate (rotate) any further. become unable to do so. In other words, the chamfers 105 and 110 of each circular hole are
The ball 111 is in contact with the ball 111 and a force is applied to it.
Because it rolls on the chamfers 105 and 110, the movable scroll is restrained from rotating on its axis and moves only by revolution, and as a result, the spiral surface of the movable scroll makes light line contact with that of the fixed scroll, or It will roll with a very small gap. Also, for sealing at the end face of each scroll, the movable scroll 108
The thrust (axial thrust) that presses the ball to the right in FIG. 6 is transmitted from the fixed race 102 to the movable race 107 via the ball 111.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Conventional ball 111, rings 101, 106, lace 102. In the rotation prevention/thrust support mechanism using 107, since the same ball Ill performs both functions of rotation prevention and thrust support, problems remain in terms of rotation prevention, regardless of thrust support. As mentioned above, in order to prevent the movable scroll from rotating and to bring the respective spiral surfaces of the movable scroll and fixed scroll into proper contact, the balls 111 must be connected to the fixed ring 101 and the movable ring 10.
6 each circular hole 104. 109 Chamfer 105. 110
It is necessary to keep the relative angular displacement between the rings 101 and 106 at a constant value by engaging with the tapered surface of the ring and forming a rolling circle with a constant diameter. Then such a thing cannot be achieved. Also, a large number of balls 111 are simultaneously chamfered 105. If it is not in contact with the surface 110, it will be in a state of uneven contact, so extremely high precision is required for chamfering. The axial position of the surfaces of the rings 101 and 106 and the accuracy of their parallel surfaces are also chamfered 105. Since it affects the axial position of the surface 110, sufficiently high precision is required. If these precisions are low, an excessive gap may occur between the spiral surfaces of the scrolls, making it impossible to compress the fluid, or conversely, contact may occur due to excessive surface pressure, causing each of the two scrolls to This results in increased wear on the spiral surface.

Furthermore, the tapered surfaces of the chamfers 105 and 110 and the ball 1
Since the contact No. 11 is a point contact, the contact state fluctuates not only due to machining errors but also due to wear, which causes fluctuations in the contact state between the spiral surfaces of the two scrolls.

[Means to solve the problem]

In a first invention, in order to solve the problems of the prior art in a scroll compressor, a fixed race supported on the housing side, and a movable scroll supported by a movable scroll facing parallel to the fixed race. a movable race, the same number of circular guide holes bored in each of the fixed race and the movable race in correspondence with each other, and a cylindrical rotation-preventing member having both ends engaged with the corresponding guide holes. a group of pins, a group of balls for thrust support having an outer diameter equal to the spacing between the rolling surfaces on the fixed race and the movable race and placed between the rolling surfaces, and the cylindrical shape; A common retainer is provided that is freely placed between the fixed race and the movable race in order to simultaneously support and link the pin group for preventing rotation of the motor and the ball group for thrust support. It is characterized by

Further, in a second invention, as a common retainer in the first invention, the fixed race is used to simultaneously support and link the cylindrical rotation prevention pin group and the thrust support ball group. and a retainer consisting of two or more rings placed in the middle of the movable race.

[For production]

Since the present invention has the configuration as in the above solution, in the first invention, when the movable scroll is driven and tries to rotate, the cylindrical pin group is restrained at one end by the guide hole of the fixed race. At the same time, since the other end is inserted into the guide hole of the movable race on the movable scroll side, it acts to prevent rotation of the movable scroll. Since a group of balls is placed between the fixed race and the movable race, the thrust is transmitted through these balls. In this way, the rotation prevention function and the thrust support function of the movable scroll are performed separately by the pin group and the ball group, but both are supported by a common retainer, and the center of each pin and ball is located at the center of the movable scroll. In accordance with the movement of only revolution without rotation, they move smoothly while drawing a circular trajectory of the same diameter and being linked.

Further, in the second invention, although it is basically the same as the first invention, the pin group and the ball group are both supported by a common retainer consisting of two or more rings, and each The centers of the pin and ball are reliably supported, and both move effortlessly while drawing circular trajectories of the same diameter in conjunction with the movement of the movable scroll, which only revolves without rotation.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of an embodiment of a scroll compressor according to the invention. In the figure, 1 is a housing, which is composed of a front head 2, a front housing 3, and a rear housing 4, which are fastened to each other using bolts or the like. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotating shaft which is supported by bearings 6 and 7 in the housing 1 and is rotationally driven by an internal combustion engine or electric motor (not shown), and a pin 9 is attached to an enlarged diameter portion 8 formed at the inner end thereof.
The eccentric wheel 11 is fixed by 10 or the like. 13 is a balance weight corresponding to the eccentric wheel 1l and the eccentric mass supported by it, and 14 is a shaft seal. Eccentric wheel 1
1 supports a movable scroll 16 via a bearing l5, and the movable scroll 16 meshes with a fixed scroll 17 fixed within the housing 1, forming a crescent-shaped scroll in which one or more volumes change between each other. Form a pump space.

The movable scroll is mounted on an eccentric wheel 1 relative to the fixed scroll 17.
A rotation prevention mechanism 18 is provided in order to cause rotation by one rotation and to prevent rotation. As mentioned above, the conventional rotation prevention mechanism has a thrust support function to press the movable scroll 16 in the axial direction toward the fixed scroll 17 and generate the necessary surface pressure at the end seals 19 and 20 of both scrolls. is also given, so
The circular holes 104 and 109 of the rings 101 and 106 have high-precision chamfers 105 and 110 on the parts that contact the balls.
It was necessary to perform

One feature of the rotation prevention mechanism 18 of the present invention is that it is provided separately, although the thrust support mechanism 21 is linked to the thrust support mechanism 21. That is, the rotation prevention mechanism 18 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes three or more (
It has a group of cylindrical pins 23 (four in the case shown), and each pin 23 has a group of fixed cylindrical pins 23, which are attached to the front housing 3 and the movable scroll 16 parallel to each other and facing each other. It engages with circular guide holes 26 and 27 bored in the front race 24 and the movable rear race 25, respectively. As shown in the example,
The cylindrical pin 23 is stepped, and both ends thereof are formed into small diameter portions 23.
′, the guide holes 26 and 2 that engage with the guide holes 26 and 2
7 also has the advantage of being relatively small in diameter, but the present invention is of course not limited to such a diameter.

When the movable scroll 16 is driven by the rotation of the eccentric wheel 11, the cylindrical pin 23 passes through the guide hole 26 of the fixed front race 24 and the guide hole 27 of the rear race 25 integral with the movable scroll l6. Since it moves along those edges, the movable scroll 16 is able to revolve, but is completely prevented from rotating. 2 laces 2
Drilling holes 26 and 27 in holes 4 and 25 and drilling a hole through which pin 23 is inserted on retainer 22 are both simply drilling a through hole, so the center of the hole on a plane Since it is only necessary to determine the position of , high-precision machining can be easily performed using ordinary tools.

Moreover, the engagement between the pin 23 and the guide holes 26 and 27 is a line contact, and the locus of the contact line is a constant circle that coincides with the guide hole, so the rotation prevention effect on the movable scroll 16 is extremely reliable, and is Like the one with the ball 11
1 are chamfers 105 and 110 provided in the circular hole of the ring.
Because the ring rolls in a rolling circle whose diameter is not necessarily constant on the surface of the ring, the diameter of the rolling circle expands when the load increases, causing an excessive relative angular displacement between the two rings 101 and 106. There is no such fear. This is important in order to prevent strong contact between the spiral surfaces of the fixed scroll 17 and the movable scroll 16 from causing wear on the spiral surfaces.

The rotation prevention mechanism 18 using the pin 23 according to the present invention is easy to manufacture and has accurate operation and high reliability, but unlike the conventional rotation prevention mechanism using the balls 111, it supports thrust without friction. Therefore, in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a thrust support mechanism 21 of a simple structure as shown enlarged in FIG. 4 is provided separately in a skillful combination. There is. This allows balls 28, which have a diameter equal to the proper spacing of the two races 24 and 25 of the rotation prevention mechanism 18, to be attached to the retainer 22.
It is loosely inserted into an oval-shaped ball support part 29 and interposed between the laces. The number of poles 28 and support parts 29 is 8 in both figures 2 and 5.
However, any number other than eight may be used as long as the thrust can be received evenly on the back surface of the movable scroll 16. Since the retainer 22 in the first embodiment is simply a thick plate with holes 29 bored into it into which the balls 28 are loosely inserted, it is extremely easy to process. Since there is no need to process special grooves or the like on the surfaces of the races 24 and 25, it is sufficient to finish these surfaces as smooth planes.

Next, regarding another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the retainer 22' consisting of two or more parts, which is a characteristic part, and the rotation prevention mechanism 18 and thrust support mechanism 21 supported by the retainer 22' will be described in detail.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-11, the retainer 22' consists of two flat rings 22a, 22b supported in parallel and spaced apart. The rings 223 and 22b are manufactured by pressing metal plates and have almost the same shape, and as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, they loosely hold the ball 28 and also hold part of the ball 28. A hemispherical recess 22c and a circular hole 22d smaller than the diameter of the ball 28 are provided at the tip of the recess so as to protrude to form the aforementioned ball support portion 29. The pair of rings 22a and 22b form sixteen ball supports 29 in the illustrated embodiment. As already mentioned, these ball support parts 29, the fixed race 24 and the movable race 25 that contact the balls 28 constitute the thrust support mechanism 21 as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. .

As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 11, the pair of rings 22a and 22b have four cylindrical pins 23 evenly arranged
A hole 22e is bored through the hole 22e. pin 23
is formed with a central collar portion 23a, shoulder portions 23b on both sides thereof, and narrow shaft portions 23C at both ends, and the ring 22a of the retainer 22'. The hole 22e of the pin 22b fits into the shoulder 23b of the pin 23. This fitted state may be fixed, but it is desirable that it be a loose fit that allows rotation. If the cross-sectional shape of the shoulder portion 23b of the pin and the shape of the hole 22e of the ring are both circular and are loosely fitted, the pin 23 can rotate relative to the retainer 22', so the axis of the pin If friction occurs at the engagement portion while the portion 23C is engaged with the guide holes 26 and 27 of the races 24 and 25 as described above, the pin 23
By rotating, the relative speed at the engagement surface is reduced,
This can prevent wear and tear from occurring.

The center flange 23a of the pin has a pair of rings 22a and 22b.
It has the role of a spacer when assembling the retainer 22' by integrating the pins.
By fitting the snap ring 30 into the groove provided in b, the ring 22 of the retainer 22' is removed.
a. 22b, the pin 23, and the ball 28 are completed as one robust assembly 31 (FIG. 9) that integrates the thrust support mechanism 21 and the rotation prevention mechanism 18. It will be understood that if this work is done in advance, the assembly work of the scroll compressor will be very easy and smooth, and the pins 23 will be supported reliably without being tilted.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the ring 22 of the retainer 22'
The outer peripheries of a and 22b are not circular and have many curved portions 32. This is done by applying a so-called "meat steal" to the part that avoids the holes 22d and 22e so as not to affect the strength of the ring much.
Therefore, the flow of fluid from the inside of the front housing 3 and the front head 2 to the suction chamber 33 in the scroll is improved, and the clutch attached to the compressor 1 is used to control the fluid (such as refrigerant) sucked into the compressor. It is designed so that it can be easily cooled down. This curved part or meat stealing part 32 is
Ring 22a. Not limited to the outer circumference of 22b. , the same effect can be obtained even if it is provided on the inner periphery.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, an assembly in which the rotation prevention mechanism 18 and the thrust support mechanism 21 according to the present invention are integrated is shown as 31'. In this example, the pair of rings 22f and 22g of the retainer 22' are not provided with recesses 22C as in the case of FIGS. 9 and 10, but 16 holes 22h each are provided to prevent balls 28 from escaping. As a result, the distance between the pair of rings becomes wider, so in order to narrow the distance between the parts that support the four pins 23, a stepped portion 221 is provided by bending with a press. In the illustrated example, this bending process only needs to be performed at four locations, so there are advantages in that the process is easy and the positional accuracy is improved.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the retainer 2
2', the ball 28, and the pin 23 are shown as 31''. In this example, the pair of rings 22j and 22k of the retainer 22' are manufactured by cutting from a thick plate. Concave surface 221 to hold
The accuracy of the position and finishing of the pins 23 is improved, and the holes 22m for the pins 23 can also be reliably supported so that the pins do not tilt. Furthermore, since the rings 22j and 22k have thick walls and can have a structure in which they are brought into close contact with each other as shown in FIG. 15, the rigidity of the assembly 31'' is extremely high. It is held by a snap ring 30 around it, but it may be fastened separately by rivets etc. Other assemblies 3l and 31' mentioned above
Also, the pair of rings can be fastened by press-fitting the pin 23, caulking,
This can be done by screwing, gluing, etc. Further, in the embodiments of the assemblies 31 to 31'' described above, the retainer 22'
Although each ring is constructed of two rings, it goes without saying that a multilayered structure of three or more rings may be used instead.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, the action of preventing the rotation of the movable scroll is achieved by engaging the cylindrical pin in line contact with the circular guide hole bored in each of the fixed and movable races, so that the action is accurate. It is highly durable, and compared to the conventional ball-based system that uses balls to prevent rotation, it is easy to perform high-precision machining because a circular guide hole is simply drilled in each race as a through hole. can be done. Furthermore, since fluctuations in the distance between both races and fluctuations in the axial position of both races do not affect the action of the pin, there is an advantage that the conflicting relationship between the spiral surfaces of the movable scroll and the fixed scroll is not influenced by these fluctuations. This makes it easy to maintain the movable scroll in the correct positional relationship with respect to the fixed scroll. In addition, since the supporting action of the thrust is easily performed by a ball provided separately from the pin, the rolling surface of the pole can be a simple flat surface on the fixed and movable race, and even this surface is extremely easy to machine. Become.

In particular, in the present invention, we focused on the movement mode of the cylindrical pin group for preventing rotation and the ball group for thrust support, and by holding them by a common floating retainer consisting of one or more rings, the pins and balls The support is extremely accurate and stable, and although rotation prevention and thrust support are divided into specialized mechanisms, they are organically and skillfully combined and linked to form one compact mechanism. It is characterized by its ability to be summarized. Although this allows both rotation prevention and thrust support to be performed independently and easily,
An advantage is obtained that the mechanism does not become complicated.

Further, the second invention has the advantage that an assembly in which the pins and balls are set in a common retainer can be manufactured in advance and then installed in the compressor all at once.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view showing the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an exploded front view showing the main parts, and Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing an enlarged part of the main parts. Fig. 4 is a side sectional view showing another part of the main part enlarged, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the whole main part, and Fig. 6 is a part of the main part of the conventional example. 7 is a perspective view of the entire main part of the conventional example, FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 shows only the main part taken out. A front view, FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing a part of the main part enlarged, FIG. 11 is a side sectional view showing another part of the main part enlarged, and FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing an enlarged part of the main part. Figure 13 is a front view showing the main parts, and Figure 13 is a side view of the main parts shown in Figure 12 (
14 is an exploded side sectional view showing essential parts of the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 15 is an assembled side view (partial sectional view) of what is shown in FIG. 14. l...Housing, 11...Eccentric wheel, l6...Movable scroll, l8...Rotation prevention mechanism, 21...Thrust support mechanism, 22.22'...Retainer, 5...Rotation Shaft, 15...Bearing, 17...Fixed scroll nope 19.20...Seal, 22a. 22b"・ring, 22C...dent, 22e...hole, 22h...hole, 22J.22k...ring, 22m...hole, 23a...flange, 23c...shaft , 25...Rear side race, 28...Ball, 30...Snap ring, 31. 31'. 31"...Assembly, 32...
・Curved part, 33... Suction chamber, 101...
Fixed ring, 102...Fixed race, 103...
・Housing, l04... Circular hole, 105... Chamfer, 106... Movable ring, 107... Movable race, 108... Movable scroll, 109... Circular hole, 110... Chamfer, 11l...ball. 22d... circular hole, 22f. 22g...Ring, 22i...Step part, 22l...Concave surface, 23...Cylindrical pin, 23b...Shoulder part, 24...Front side race, 26.27...Circular guide Hole, 29...Ball support part, 24.25...Race 28...Ball 16...Movable scroll 18...Rotation prevention mechanism 21...Thrust support mechanism 22...Retainer 23...・Cylindrical pin 24.25... Race 26. 27...Circular guide hole 28...Ball diagram Figure 111...Ball diagram Figure 10 25...Movable race Figure 11

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. a fixed race supported on the housing side; a movable race facing parallel to the fixed race and supported by the movable scroll; and holes formed in each of the fixed race and the movable race in correspondence with each other. The same number of circular guide holes, a group of cylindrical rotation-preventing pins that engage the corresponding guide holes at both ends, and an outer diameter equal to the spacing between the rolling surfaces on the fixed race and the movable race. for simultaneously supporting and linking a group of thrust supporting balls having a diameter and placed between the rolling surfaces, the cylindrical rotation prevention pin group, and the thrust supporting ball group. and a common retainer that is freely placed between the fixed race and the movable race. 2. a fixed race supported on the housing side; a movable race facing parallel to the fixed race and supported by the movable scroll; and holes formed in each of the fixed race and the movable race in correspondence with each other. The same number of circular guide holes, a group of cylindrical rotation-preventing pins that engage the corresponding guide holes at both ends, and an outer diameter equal to the spacing between the rolling surfaces on the fixed race and the movable race. for simultaneously holding and interlocking a group of thrust supporting balls having a diameter and placed between the rolling surfaces, the cylindrical rotation prevention pin group and the thrust supporting ball group. and a common retainer consisting of two or more rings placed freely between the fixed race and the movable race.