JPH0228288B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a harvesting machine equipped with an automatic handling depth adjustment device. This paper proposed a harvesting machine that could be used to obtain the desired results.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is an external view of a harvester according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present invention machine), in which grain culms cut by a reaping section K are transferred from a vertical conveyance chain 1 via upper and lower conveyance devices (not shown). The grains are transferred to threshing section D. Near the entrance of the threshing section D, detection switches M and H that open and close by detecting the long and short dimensions of the grain culm are arranged in the order of M and H starting from vertical conveyance chain 1. If the grain culm is long enough to reach the detection switch H located far from vertical conveyance chain 1 or feed chain 2 (on the right side of the machine), move vertical conveyance chain 1 to the outside of the machine. On the other hand, if the grain culm is too short for the tip of the grain to reach the detection switch M, vertical conveyance chain 1 is raised toward the inside of the machine body, that is, the tip of the grain is positioned between the detection switches H and M. The configuration is such that the posture of the vertical conveyance chain 1 is rotationally adjusted to such a state that the feed chain 2 takes over in that state. Furthermore, a detection switch L consisting of a limit switch or the like is provided at a position a suitable distance away from the detection switch M toward the vertical conveyance chain 1, and the detection switch L is provided such as a limit switch. It is designed to detect when it is being transported.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the hydraulic circuit of the present invention and the vertical conveyance chain 1 etc. whose posture (inclination angle) is controlled by the hydraulic circuit. The vertical conveyance chain 1 is connected to a rod 4a of a hydraulic cylinder 4 as a driving means for adjusting the handling depth by tilting and raising the chain. 5 is a 4-port 3-position switching type electromagnetic directional control valve (hereinafter referred to as a solenoid valve), and a solenoid 5
When the current is applied to r, the rod 4a moves to the switching position.
moves back as shown by the arrow to raise the vertical conveyance chain 1, that is, adjust it to the deep handling side, and conversely, by energizing the solenoid 5l, it becomes the switching position, and the rod 4a moves forward, raising the vertical conveyance chain 1. Leaning 1,
In other words, it is adjusted to the side that allows for shallow handling.

A flow rate regulating valve 6 having a structure as shown in FIG. 3 is interposed between the electromagnetic valve 5 and the hydraulic pump 7.
This flow rate adjustment valve 6 is designed to be able to adjust the flow rate of pressure oil by moving a spool 61. A V-shaped groove 62 extending in the axial direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spool 61.
are provided at four equal intervals, and the grooves 62 and the housing 63 form an orifice 64. The groove 62 becomes deeper from the middle of the spool 61 toward the tip, and the size of the orifice 64 changes as the spool 61 moves. That is, when the spool 61 moves toward the tip as shown by the white arrow a, the orifice 64 becomes smaller and the flow rate from the inlet port Pa to the outlet port Pb decreases, and conversely, the flow rate from the inlet port Pa to the outlet port Pb decreases. When moved as shown, the orifice 64 becomes larger and the flow rate from the inlet port Pa to the outlet port Pb increases. The spool 61 is interlocked with the output shaft 65a of the motor 65, and the housing 6 is connected to the output shaft 65a in order to move in and out as the motor 65 rotates forward and backward.
It is screwed together with 3. The motor 65 is driven and controlled based on the operation results of the detection switches L, M, and H.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit for excitation of the solenoids 5l and 5r and drive control of the motor 65. 9 is a battery, the negative electrode is grounded to the body, the positive electrode is an automatic selection switch 11 that should be closed during automatic operation, and a reaping switch 1 that is turned on when the reaping lever, which engages and disengages the reaping clutch, is operated to the reaping side.
2 and the normally open contact La of the grain culm detection switch L is connected to one end. Normally open contact of detection switch L
The other end of La is connected to the solenoid 5l that should be energized when adjusting to shallow handling via the normally open contact Ma of the detection switch M, the normally open contact Ha of the detection switch H, and the limit switch 13, and the detection switch M
It is connected via the normally closed contact Mb and the limit switch 14 to the solenoid 5r to be energized when adjusting to deep handling. That is, the automatic selection switch 11 and the reaping switch 12 are turned on to automatically adjust the handling depth, and furthermore, the grain culm detection sensors L, M, and H are all turned on, and their normally open contacts La, Ma, and Ha are all closed. However, when the limit switch 13 is closed, battery voltage is applied to the solenoid 5l as a shallow handling command signal, and when the handling depth is automatically adjusted, the detection sensor L is turned on and M and H are turned off. , when the normally closed contact Mb of the detection sensor M is open and the limit switch 14 is closed, the battery voltage is sent to the solenoid 5 as a deep handling command signal.
It is designed to be given to r. The limit switches 13 and 14 are provided at positions where they open when the vertical conveyance chain 1 reaches the tilting limit and the rising limit, respectively, and when the vertical conveyance chain 1 reaches the tilting limit, that is, the shallow handling limit, the limit switch 13 is activated. and opened the circuit.
When the standing limit, that is, the deep handling side limit is reached, the limit switch 14 is opened.

The other end of the normally open contact La of the detection switch L is connected to the electromagnetic relay 3 via the on-delay circuit 30 and the amplifier 31.
It is connected to the on/off switch circuit 32 of No. 3. That is, selection switch 11, reaping switch 1
2 is turned on to automatically adjust the handling depth, and when the normally open contact La of the grain culm detection switch L is closed, the switch circuit 32 is turned on after a certain period of time determined by the circuit constant of the on-delay circuit 30 has elapsed. ,
The excitation coil 33c of the electromagnetic relay 33 is excited to turn on the normally open contact 33a. The normally open contact 33a is interposed in a power supply path to excitation coils 22c and 29c of a motor 65 and electromagnetic relays 22 and 29 provided for controlling the rotational drive thereof, which will be described later. Therefore, the motor 65 is driven after a certain period of time has elapsed since the normally open contact La of the detection switch L was closed.
This time is set to the time it takes for the vertical conveyance chain 1 to reach a predetermined position from its most upright (or tilted) state, such as at the start of reaping, and to ensure stable control operation at the start of reaping, etc. There is no.

Limit switches 14 and 13 are solenoid 5
r and 5l, respectively, and are also connected to the on-delay circuits 15 and 16, respectively, and when a deep treatment (or shallow treatment) command signal is output,
The on-delay circuit 15 (or 16) is designed to output a high-level signal at a certain time t ₁ (after one second) determined by its circuit constant. The outputs of the on-delay circuits 15 and 16 are respectively connected to the inverter 1.
It is input to the NOR gate 19 via 7 and 18.
The output of this NOR gate 19 is input to a positive edge triggered mono multivibrator (hereinafter referred to as mono multi) 20. That is, when a deep treatment command signal (or shallow treatment command signal) is issued, a certain extension time t ₁ determined by the circuit constant of the on-delay circuit 15 (or 16) (see Figure 5 A, B, and C) ), the output of the inverter 17 (or 18) becomes low level, the output of the NOR gate 19 becomes high level, and this is applied to the monomulti 20. Since this multi 20 is positive edge triggered, it emits a pulse signal with a time width t ₂ in synchronization with the rise of the output signal of the NOR gate 19 (see 5th A, B, and C). The output of the mono multi 20 is given to a switch circuit 21 for turning on and off the excitation coil 22c of the electromagnetic relay 22, and the mono multi 20
While outputting a high level signal, switch circuit 2
1 is turned on to excite the excitation coil 22c.

On the other hand, limit switches 13 and 14 are connected to negative edge triggered mono multi vibrators (hereinafter referred to as mono multi) 23 and 24, respectively, and also connected to one input terminal of AND gates 26 and 25. The output is
The AND gates 25 and 26 each have other inputs.

The outputs of the AND gates 25 and 26 are combined and input to a positive edge triggered mono multi vibrator (hereinafter referred to as mono multi) 27. That is, if this signal disappears after the deep handling command signal (or shallow handling command signal) is input to the monomulti 23 (or 24), the monomulti 2
3 (or 24) outputs a pulse signal with a time width t ₃ (approximately 3 seconds) (see Figure 5 A, B, and D) to the AND gate 25 (or 26) at the same frequency as the falling edge of the signal. . On the other hand, if the opposite signal, that is, the shallow handling command signal (or deep handling command signal) is issued within time _t3 ,
Both inputs of the AND gate 25 (or 26) become high level, and the high level signal is transferred to the monomulti 2
Output to 7. Since the monomulti 27 is positive edge triggered, it emits a pulse signal with a time width _t4 in synchronization with the rise of the output signal of the AND gate 25 (or 26) (see FIG. 5). This signal is given to the switch circuit 28 for turning on and off the excitation coil 29c of the electromagnetic relay 29, and the switch circuit 28 is turned on for the time _t4 when the monomulti 27 outputs the high level signal, and the excitation coil 29c is turned on. is becoming excited.

The electromagnetic relays 22 and 29 are provided for forward and reverse rotation of the motor 65, and one terminal of the motor 65 is turned on via the normally open contact 22a of the electromagnetic relay 22 at the normally open contact 33a. , the normally open contact 22b is connected to the positive line of the battery 9 which is turned off.
The body is grounded through. Similarly, the other terminal of the motor 65 is connected to the normally open contact 29 of the electromagnetic relay 29.
a to the positive side line, and a normally closed contact 29b
The body is grounded through. Therefore, when the switch circuit 21 is turned on, the normally open contact 22
a, the circuit of the motor 65 and the normally closed contact 29b is energized, and the motor 65 rotates forward to advance the spool 61 in the direction of the white arrow b, enlarging the orifice 64 and adjusting the flow rate of the regulating valve 6. By increasing the amount of pressure oil supplied to the solenoid valve 5, the piston rod 4a moves forward and backward quickly. On the other hand, switch circuit 2
8 is turned on, the normally open contact 29a is turned on,
The normally closed contact 29b is turned off, and the circuit of the normally open contact 29a, the motor 65, and the normally closed contact 22b is energized.
The motor 65 rotates in reverse to move the spool 61 in and out in the direction of the white arrow a to make the orifice 64 smaller.
By reducing the flow rate of the regulating valve 6 and reducing the amount of pressure oil supplied to the solenoid valve 5, the piston rod 4a is allowed to move in and out slowly.

The operation of the inventive machine constructed as described above is as follows. When the automatic selection switch 1 and the reaping switch 12 are turned on to automatically adjust the handling depth and start reaping, the reaped grain culm is transferred to the vertical conveyance chain 1, reaches near the entrance of the threshing section D, and the grain culm is removed. The normally open contact La of the detection switch L that detects the conveyance of is closed. After the time set by the on-delay circuit 30 has elapsed, the switch circuit 32 is turned on, the exciting coil 33c is excited, and the normally open contact 33a is turned on.

On the other hand, the grain culm detection switches M and H detect the length of the grain culm and automatically adjust the handling depth regardless of the length. That is, in the case of a short grain culm, the grain culm does not come into contact with the detection switch M, and the normally open contact Ma of the detection switch M remains open and the normally closed contact Mb remains closed. is applied to the solenoid 5r to energize it, the solenoid valve 5 is at the position of , and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump is supplied to the regulating valve 6.
The vertical conveyance chain 1 is then erected. The movement of the vertical conveyance chain 11 is continued until the grain culm comes into contact with the detection switch M and the detection switch M is activated. On the other hand, if the grain culm being conveyed is long enough to reach the detection switch H, the normally open contacts La, Ma and Ha of the detection switches L, M and H are closed and a shallow handling command signal is given to the solenoid 5l. This is energized, the solenoid valve 5 is in the position, and the vertical conveyance chain 1 is tilted to the shallow handling side. This vertical conveyance chain 1 movement is the normally open contact of the detection switch H.
It continues until Ha opens. In addition, if the grain culm to be conveyed has an appropriate length that does not reach the detection switch H but reaches the detection switch M, the normally open contact Ma of the detection switch M is closed, the normally closed contact Mb is opened,
Further, since the normally open contact Ha of the detection switch H remains open, both the solenoids 5l and 5r are not energized, assuming that the handling depth is appropriate, and the vertical conveyance chain 1 maintains its position.

However, deep handling command signal (or shallow handling command signal)
is emitted for a time longer than the predetermined time _t1 , [see Figure 5 A (or B)] the on-delay circuit 15 (or 16) outputs a high level signal after the time _t1 has elapsed, and the NOR gate 19 also outputs a high level signal, and the monomulti 20 outputs a pulse signal with a time width t ₂ [Figure 5 C], and the switch circuit 2
Turn on 1. As a result, the motor 65 rotates in the normal direction, the flow rate of the regulating valve 6 increases, the amount of pressure oil supplied to the cylinder 4 increases, the retraction (or advancement) speed of the piston rod 4a increases, and after that, the vertical conveyance chain 1. Have the patient stand up (or lean down) immediately.
After that, the vertical conveyance chain 1 reaches the proper position, and the deep handling command signal (or shallow handling command signal) disappears, but at the same time as this disappearance, the monomulti 23 (or 2
4) emits a pulse signal with a time width t ₃ [D (or E) in Figure 5]. If the opposite signal, that is, the shallow handling command signal (or deep handling command signal) is issued within this time _t3 , the monomulti 27 outputs a pulse signal with a time width _t4 and turns on the switch circuit 28. Do [5th
Figure f]. As a result, the motor 5 reverses and the regulating valve 6
The flow rate of the piston rod 4a decreases, the amount of pressure oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 4 decreases, and the advancing (or retracting) speed of the piston rod 4a decreases.
This will cause the person to lean (or stand up) slowly.

In this way, a deep handling (or shallow handling) command signal is issued based on the detection results of the grain culm detection sensors L, M, and H, and when this signal continues for a time longer than time _t1 , the vertical conveyance chain 1 is started. Assuming that the (or tilting) operation is delayed, the hydraulic motor 65 is driven to increase the flow rate of pressure oil of the flow rate adjustment valve 6, thereby increasing the response speed of the hydraulic system of the vertical conveyance chain 1. Then, after the deep handling (or shallow handling) command signal disappears and the raising (or tilting) operation of the vertical conveyance chain 1 is completed, the opposite signal, that is, the shallow handling, is issued before time _t3 has elapsed. (or deep handling) When a command signal is issued, it is assumed that the vertical conveyance chain 1 has been over-corrected, and the hydraulic motor 65 is driven to reduce the flow rate of pressure oil of the flow rate adjustment valve 6, and the vertical conveyance chain 1 is 1
Slows down the response speed of the hydraulic system to prevent unnecessary hunting. Furthermore, if the duration of the deep handling (or shallow handling) command signal is shorter than time _t1 , it is assumed that the vertical conveyance chain 1 has been raised (or tilted) at an appropriate speed, and the motor 65 is Since it is not driven, it is possible to prevent hunting and there is no risk of over-correction.

Furthermore, even if the grain culm detection switch L is activated, the motor 65 will not be driven until a certain period of time has elapsed due to the on-delay circuit 30.
No unnecessary speed adjustments will be made if the is not in the correct position.

As detailed above, the harvester according to the present invention is
Change the speed of automatic handling depth adjustment in a harvester equipped with a device that detects the length or shortness of harvested grain culms and automatically adjusts the handling depth in the shallow or deep direction based on this detection result. a speed changing means; a means for detecting that a signal to adjust the handling depth in the same direction continues for a predetermined time period or more; means for operating a speed changing means to increase the speed of automatic cutting depth adjustment, and a signal to be adjusted in the opposite direction to the signal for a predetermined period of time from the time when the automatic cutting depth adjustment dead zone is entered. The system is equipped with a means for activating a speed changing means to reduce the speed of automatic handling depth adjustment when the handling depth is automatically adjusted. The slow response speed will be automatically resolved,
High response speeds that match the conditions of the field and crops can be continuously obtained. In addition, when the response speed becomes too high, it is corrected to the lower speed side, thereby providing an excellent effect of preventing hunting caused by the high response speed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention.
The figure is an external view of the machine of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the main hydraulic circuit, etc., Figure 3 is a sectional view of the flow rate regulating valve used in the main hydraulic system, and Figure 4 is the machine of the present invention. The main electrical circuit diagram and FIGS. 5A to 5F are time charts for explaining the operation. K... Reaping section, D... Threshing section, L, M, H...
Grain culm detection switch, 1...Vertical conveyance chain, 4...
...Hydraulic cylinder, 5...Solenoid valve, 5l, 5r...
Solenoid, 6...Flow rate adjustment valve, 15, 16, 3
0...On-delay circuit, 20, 23, 24, 2
7...Mono multi, 61...Spool, 62...
Groove, 63...housing, 64...orifice,
65...Motor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A harvester equipped with a device that detects the length or shortness of a harvested grain culm and automatically adjusts the handling depth in the shallow or deep direction based on the detection result, comprising: a speed changing means for changing the speed of automatic adjustment; a means for detecting that a signal to adjust the treatment depth in the same direction continues for a certain period of time or more; and a means for detecting that the signal continues for a certain period of time or more. means for operating a speed changing means to increase the speed of automatic treatment depth adjustment when detecting the signal; 1. A harvesting machine comprising means for activating a speed change means to reduce the speed of automatic handling depth adjustment when a signal for adjustment in the direction is obtained.