JPH02278670A - Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof

Info

Publication number
JPH02278670A
JPH02278670A JP1099802A JP9980289A JPH02278670A JP H02278670 A JPH02278670 A JP H02278670A JP 1099802 A JP1099802 A JP 1099802A JP 9980289 A JP9980289 A JP 9980289A JP H02278670 A JPH02278670 A JP H02278670A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sodium
cathode
solid electrolyte
current collector
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1099802A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Kagawa
博 香川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yuasa Corp
Original Assignee
Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yuasa Battery Corp filed Critical Yuasa Battery Corp
Priority to JP1099802A priority Critical patent/JPH02278670A/en
Publication of JPH02278670A publication Critical patent/JPH02278670A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/36Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
    • H01M10/39Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
    • H01M10/3909Sodium-sulfur cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deposition of sodium on the upper end of an anode terminal, and improve airtightness by locating a sodium tank within a negative current collector vessel and filling the sodium a negative pole chamber. CONSTITUTION:An O-ring 16 is provided at the stepped part 13' of a negative current collector vessel 13, and a sodium tank 17 filled with sodium 8 is positioned above the O-ring 16. In a heating condition, a negative pole chamber is exhausted via a hole 14 and then the sodium tank 17 is perforated with a projection 15 for filling the sodium 8 in the negative pole chamber under a vacuum condition. Thereafter, a negative terminal 5 is welded to form a negative chamber constitution material. After cooling, the sodium tank 17 and the O-ring 16 are removed, and the upper end of a battery jar 9 is welded to a cathode lid 4 fitted to the negative pole chamber constitution body. Furthermore, a sulfur compact 10 is inserted in a gap between a solid electrolyte tube 1 and the battery jar 9 from the underside, thereby constituting a positive pole chamber. Then, the lower end of the jar 9 is vacuum sealed, thereby obtaining a complete batter. According to this construction, the upper end of the negative terminal 5 can be completely sealed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明はナトリウム−硫黄電池とその製造法に関するも
ので、さらに詳しく負えば陰極室内にナトリウムを気密
性よく充填でき、安全性が向上できる電池とその製造法
に関するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a sodium-sulfur battery and a method for manufacturing the same. More specifically, it relates to a battery that can airtightly fill the cathode chamber with sodium and improve safety. It concerns the manufacturing method.

従来技術とその問題点 ナトリウム−硫黄電池は、陰極活物質としてのナトリウ
ムと、陽極活物質としての硫黄とをβ′−アルミナの如
きナトリウムイオン伝導性の固体電解質管により分離さ
せてなる完全密閉構造の高温型二次電池である。
Conventional technology and its problems Sodium-sulfur batteries have a completely sealed structure in which sodium as a cathode active material and sulfur as an anode active material are separated by a sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte tube such as β'-alumina. This is a high-temperature secondary battery.

このようなナトリウム−硫黄電池の従来の構造を第3図
により説明する。固体電解質管1の上端にα−アルミナ
リング2がガラス半田接合され1このα−アルミナリン
グ2の上面に陰極蓋6が、下面に陽極蓋4がそれぞれ熱
圧接合されている。前記陰極蓋6には陰極端子5が溶接
されるとともに、その中央部を貫通して陰極集電体とし
ての陰極バイブロが溶接され、その下方は前記固体電解
質管1内に挿入されている。
The conventional structure of such a sodium-sulfur battery will be explained with reference to FIG. An α-alumina ring 2 is bonded to the upper end of the solid electrolyte tube 1 by glass soldering, and a cathode cover 6 is bonded to the upper surface of the α-alumina ring 2, and an anode cover 4 is bonded to the lower surface thereof by heat pressure. A cathode terminal 5 is welded to the cathode lid 6, and a cathode vibro serving as a cathode current collector is welded through the center of the cathode lid 6, and the lower part thereof is inserted into the solid electrolyte tube 1.

この固体電解質管1内には金属W、維7が配され、約1
50℃の保温下において前記陰極バイブロより固体電解
質管1内を排気した後、同温度で溶融させたナトリウム
8が真空充填され、充填後陰極端子5の上端は封止され
る。このような陰極室構成体は、円筒形の硫黄成型体1
0が内挿され、陽極集電端子11が溶接された陽極集電
体な兼ねる電槽?内に挿入され、陽極集電端子11を外
側に折り曲げるとともに、電槽9の上端は前記陽極蓋4
と真空溶接されて完全密閉される。
In this solid electrolyte tube 1, a metal W and a fiber 7 are arranged, and about 1
After the inside of the solid electrolyte tube 1 is evacuated from the cathode vibro while keeping the temperature at 50° C., sodium 8 molten at the same temperature is vacuum filled, and after filling, the upper end of the cathode terminal 5 is sealed. Such a cathode chamber structure consists of a cylindrical sulfur molded body 1
A battery case that doubles as an anode current collector with 0 inserted and an anode current collector terminal 11 welded to it? The anode collector terminal 11 is bent outward, and the upper end of the battery case 9 is connected to the anode lid 4.
It is vacuum welded and completely sealed.

上記の如き構造のナトリウム−硫黄電池では、陰極端子
5の上端よりナトリウム8を真空充填しているため、充
填後陰極端子5の内側にナトリウムが付着することがあ
り、陰極端子5の上端の封止が不完全になって不良が発
生するという問題点があった。また固体電解質管1が破
損すると、硫黄とナトリウムとが直接反応し、活物質な
どが漏出して隣接する正常な電池も破損させて大規模な
事故になるという問題点があった。
In the sodium-sulfur battery with the above structure, sodium 8 is vacuum-filled from the upper end of the cathode terminal 5, so sodium may adhere to the inside of the cathode terminal 5 after filling, and the upper end of the cathode terminal 5 may be sealed. There was a problem in that the stop was incomplete and defects occurred. Furthermore, if the solid electrolyte tube 1 is damaged, sulfur and sodium will react directly, causing the active material to leak out and damage adjacent normal batteries, resulting in a large-scale accident.

発明の目的 本発明は上記欠点を解消するもので、底面を固体電解質
管内の金属繊維に接続させかつ該底面に穴と上方に向い
た突起とを有する陰極集電容器を配し、この容器内にナ
トリウムタンクを位置させて陰極室内にナトリウムを充
填することにより、陰極端子の上端にナトリウムが付着
することを防止するものである。
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes a cathode current collector container whose bottom surface is connected to the metal fibers in the solid electrolyte tube and which has a hole and an upwardly directed projection on the bottom surface. By locating the sodium tank and filling the cathode chamber with sodium, it is possible to prevent sodium from adhering to the upper end of the cathode terminal.

発明の構成 本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池とその製造法は、陰極集
電容器の底面に穴と上方に向いた突起とを設け、この陰
極集電容器内にナトリウムタンクを位置させ、前記突起
によりナトリウムタンクに穿孔して陰極室内にナトリウ
ムを真空充填するものである。
Structure of the Invention The sodium-sulfur battery and its manufacturing method of the present invention provide a hole and an upwardly directed protrusion on the bottom surface of a cathode current collector container, a sodium tank is positioned within the cathode current collector container, and the sodium tank is formed by the protrusion. The cathode chamber is vacuum filled with sodium by drilling holes in the cathode chamber.

実施例 以下実施例により説明する。第1図は本発明のナトリウ
ム−硫黄電池の要部断面図で、第3図と共通する部分に
は同じ符号を付している。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained below using examples. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the main parts of the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention, and parts common to those in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals.

第1図において、固体電解質管1はその上部が=6一 開放された外径45mm、内径68鍔M1長さ400關
のβ′−アルミナからなり、その上部開放端に外径56
fIltn1内径38mm、厚さ1Qsiのα−アルミ
ナリング2がガラス半田接合される。このα−アルミナ
リング2の上面にはアルミニウム被覆鉄またはステンレ
スからなる陰極蓋3が熱圧接合され、下面には同材質か
らなる陽極蓋4が熱圧接合される。前記固体電解質管1
内にはステンレヌフェルトからなる金属繊維12を、中
心穴を設ける如く巻回して固体電解質管1内に収納して
陰極室を構成する。一方、底面に穴14と上方に向いた
突起15とを有する陰極集電容器15を準備し、この陰
極集電容器13の上縁部を、その底面が前記金属繊維1
2に接触する如く陰極蓋3の内周縁部に溶接する。なお
前記陰極集電容器13は底面に段部を設けて2段にし、
その下段の底面に穴14と上方に向いた突起15とを設
けている。この穴14と突起15とは、陰極集電容器1
6の底面にV字形の切り込みを入れ、この切り込み部を
上方に向けることにより容易に形成することができる。
In FIG. 1, the solid electrolyte tube 1 is made of β'-alumina with an open outer diameter of 45 mm, an inner diameter of 68 mm, a length of 400 mm, and an outer diameter of 56 mm at its upper open end.
fIltn1 An α-alumina ring 2 having an inner diameter of 38 mm and a thickness of 1 Qsi is joined by glass solder. A cathode lid 3 made of aluminum-coated iron or stainless steel is thermo-pressure bonded to the upper surface of this α-alumina ring 2, and an anode lid 4 made of the same material is thermo-pressure bonded to the lower surface. The solid electrolyte tube 1
A metal fiber 12 made of stainless steel felt is wound inside the solid electrolyte tube 1 so as to form a center hole, thereby forming a cathode chamber. On the other hand, a cathode current collector container 15 having a hole 14 and an upwardly directed protrusion 15 on the bottom surface is prepared, and the upper edge of this cathode current collector container 13 is connected to the bottom surface of the metal fiber 15.
It is welded to the inner circumferential edge of the cathode cover 3 so as to be in contact with the cathode cover 2. Note that the cathode current collector container 13 has a stepped portion on the bottom to make it two-tiered.
A hole 14 and an upwardly directed protrusion 15 are provided on the bottom surface of the lower stage. The hole 14 and the protrusion 15 correspond to the cathode current collector container 1.
It can be easily formed by making a V-shaped notch in the bottom surface of 6 and directing this notch upward.

次に、第2図のように、陰極集電容器130段部16′
に○リング16を配し、その上方にナトリウム8を充填
したナトリウムタンク17を位置させ、加熱下において
前記穴14より陰極室内を排気した後、突起15により
ナトリウムタンク17に穿孔して陰極室内にナトリウム
8を真空充填した後、第1図のように陰極端子5′を溶
接して陰極室構成体とする。冷却した後、ナトリウムタ
ンク17と0リング16とを除去し、前記陰極室構成体
に取り付けられた陽極蓋4に電槽9の上端を溶接し、固
体電解質g1と電槽9との間隙に下方から硫黄成型体1
0を挿入して陽極率を構成し、電槽9の下端を真空密閉
して完成電池とするものである。
Next, as shown in FIG.
A circle ring 16 is placed on the ring 16, and a sodium tank 17 filled with sodium 8 is placed above it. After evacuating the inside of the cathode chamber through the hole 14 under heating, the sodium tank 17 is pierced with a protrusion 15 to fill the inside of the cathode chamber. After vacuum filling with sodium 8, the cathode terminal 5' is welded to form a cathode chamber structure as shown in FIG. After cooling, the sodium tank 17 and the O-ring 16 are removed, and the upper end of the battery case 9 is welded to the anode cover 4 attached to the cathode chamber structure, and the lower end is inserted into the gap between the solid electrolyte g1 and the battery case 9. Sulfur molded body 1
0 is inserted to configure the anode rate, and the lower end of the battery case 9 is vacuum-sealed to complete the battery.

今、第1図のような本発明電池と第3図のような従来電
池とをそれぞれ10セpずつ製作し、室温=350℃・
昇降温速度的150℃〜200°/hでヒートサイクル
試験を行い、結果を表−1に示す。表−1において、分
子は活物質などが漏出した電池数、分母は破損電池数を
示す。なお、電池は破損すると電圧が急激に低下するの
で、電圧の低下で破損電池の確認を行った。
Now, we fabricated 10 sep each of the battery of the present invention as shown in Fig. 1 and the conventional battery as shown in Fig. 3.
A heat cycle test was conducted at a temperature increase/decrease rate of 150°C to 200°/h, and the results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the numerator indicates the number of batteries from which active material leaked, and the denominator indicates the number of damaged batteries. Note that when a battery is damaged, the voltage drops rapidly, so we checked for a damaged battery based on the drop in voltage.

表−1 表−1から、従来電池は破損した場合、活物質などが漏
出し、そのすべてが短絡していたのに対し、本発明電油
は破損しても活物質などの漏出もなく、短絡も紹められ
なかった。
Table 1 From Table 1, when conventional batteries are damaged, active materials leak out and all of them are short-circuited, whereas the electrolyte of the present invention does not leak active materials even if it is damaged. Short circuits were also not introduced.

上記のような製造法であるから、陰極端子5の先端にナ
トリウムが付着したり、そのための溶接時の不良を防止
することができる。また、充填時に陰極端子5の先端に
接続用のパイプを配する必要がなくなるので、充填に要
する時間や部品を少なくすることができる。
The manufacturing method described above prevents sodium from adhering to the tip of the cathode terminal 5 and thereby preventing defects during welding. Furthermore, since there is no need to provide a connecting pipe at the tip of the cathode terminal 5 during filling, the time and number of parts required for filling can be reduced.

発明の効果 実施例において詳述した如く、本発明電池は気密性がよ
いので品質が安定している。また、電池が破損した場合
も、ナトリウムと硫黄との直接反応熱により陰極集電容
器13の段部から下方が溶断されるので、内部短絡の発
生が防止できる。さらに、その製造法はナトリウムの充
填に要する時間や部品を少なくできるので、量産化に対
処することができる。
Effects of the Invention As described in detail in the Examples, the battery of the present invention has good airtightness and thus has stable quality. Further, even if the battery is damaged, the lower part of the cathode current collector container 13 from the stepped portion is fused due to the heat of the direct reaction between sodium and sulfur, thereby preventing the occurrence of an internal short circuit. Furthermore, this manufacturing method can reduce the time and parts required for filling sodium, making it suitable for mass production.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池の要部断面図、
第2図は本発明の詳細な説明するための図、第5図は従
来のナトリウム−硫黄電池の断面図である。 1・・・固体電解質管   2・・・α−アルミナリン
グ6・・・陰極蓋     4・・・陽極蓋7.12・
・・金属繊維   8・・・ナトリウム15・・・陰極
集電容器  14・・・穴15・・・突起      
16・・・0リング17・・・ナトリウムグ)フ
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the main parts of the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the present invention in detail, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional sodium-sulfur battery. 1...Solid electrolyte tube 2...α-alumina ring 6...Cathode cover 4...Anode cover 7.12.
... Metal fiber 8 ... Sodium 15 ... Cathode current collector container 14 ... Hole 15 ... Protrusion
16...0 ring 17...natrium)

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)ナトリウムイオン伝導性の固体電解質管の上端に
α−アルミナリングが接合され、このα−アルミナリン
グの上面に陰極蓋が熱圧接合されるとともに、この陰極
蓋に溶接されて前記固体電解質管内に陰極室を形成する
陰極端子を有し、かつ前記α−アルミナリングの下面に
陽極蓋が熱圧接合されるとともに、この陽極蓋に溶接さ
れて前記固体電解質管を下方から被包して固体電解質管
との間隙に陽極室を形成する電槽を有してなるナトリウ
ム−硫黄電池において、前記陰極蓋の内周縁部に、底面
が固体電解質管内の金属繊維に接触しかつ該底面に穴と
上方に向いた突起とを有する陰極集電容器の上縁部を溶
接し、この陰極集電容器の上部内周縁部に陰極端子を溶
接して陰極室を密閉したことを特徴とするナトリウム−
硫黄電池。
(1) An α-alumina ring is bonded to the upper end of the solid electrolyte tube that conducts sodium ions, and a cathode lid is heat-pressure bonded to the top surface of this α-alumina ring, and the solid electrolyte is welded to the cathode lid. The tube has a cathode terminal forming a cathode chamber, and an anode lid is thermo-pressure bonded to the lower surface of the α-alumina ring, and is welded to the anode lid to cover the solid electrolyte tube from below. In a sodium-sulfur battery having a battery case forming an anode chamber in a gap with a solid electrolyte tube, a hole is formed in the inner peripheral edge of the cathode lid, the bottom surface of which contacts the metal fibers in the solid electrolyte tube, and a hole in the bottom surface. and an upwardly directed protrusion, the upper edge of the cathode current collector container is welded, and a cathode terminal is welded to the upper inner peripheral edge of the cathode current collector container to seal the cathode chamber.
sulfur battery.
(2)陰極集電容器の底面にV字形の切り込みを入れ、
切り込み部を上方に向けて穴と突起とを形成したことを
特徴とする請求項第1項記載のナトリウム−硫黄電池。
(2) Make a V-shaped cut on the bottom of the cathode current collector container,
2. The sodium-sulfur battery according to claim 1, wherein the hole and the protrusion are formed with the notch facing upward.
(3)陰極集電容器の底面に段部を設けて2段にし、下
段の底面に穴と突起とを設けかつ該底面を金属繊維に接
触させたことを特徴とする請求項第1項または第2項記
載のナトリウム−硫黄電池。
(3) A step is provided on the bottom surface of the cathode current collector container to form two steps, a hole and a protrusion are provided on the bottom surface of the lower step, and the bottom surface is brought into contact with the metal fibers. The sodium-sulfur battery according to item 2.
(4)フェルト状の金属繊細を、中心穴を設ける如く巻
回して固体電解質管内に収納して陰極室を形成するとと
もに、前記中心穴を陰極集電容器の底面の穴に対応させ
たことを特徴とする請求項第1項、第2項、第3項のい
ずれかに記載されたナトリウム−硫黄電池。
(4) A felt-like metal delicate is wound so as to provide a center hole and housed in a solid electrolyte tube to form a cathode chamber, and the center hole corresponds to the hole in the bottom of the cathode current collector container. A sodium-sulfur battery according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3.
(5)ナトリウムイオン伝導性の固体電解質管の上端に
α−アルミナリングをガラス半田接合し、このα−アル
ミナリングの上面に陰極蓋を、下面に陽極蓋を熱圧接合
した後、フェルト状の金属繊維を、中心穴を設ける如く
巻回して固体電解質管内に収納して陰極室を形成し、一
方、底面に穴と上方に向いた突起とを有する陰極集電容
器を準備し、この陰極集電容器の上縁部を、その底面が
前記金属繊維に接触する如く陰極蓋の内周縁部に溶接し
た後、前後陰極集電容器の上方にナトリウムタンクを位
置させ、加熱下において前記容器の底面の穴より排気し
た後、前記突起によりナトリウムタンクに穿孔して陰極
室内にナトリウムを真空充填した後、前記容器の上部内
周縁部に陰極端子を溶接して陰極室構成体とし、この構
成体に取り付けられた陽極蓋に電槽を溶接し、固体電解
質管と電槽との間隙に下方から硫黄成型体を挿入した後
、陽極室を密閉したことを特徴とするナトリウム−硫黄
電池の製造法。
(5) After bonding an α-alumina ring to the upper end of the sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte tube with glass solder, and heat-pressure bonding a cathode lid to the top surface of this α-alumina ring and an anode lid to the bottom surface, a felt-like A cathode chamber is formed by winding metal fibers so as to provide a center hole and storing the metal fibers in a solid electrolyte tube to form a cathode chamber.Meanwhile, a cathode current collector container having a hole and an upwardly directed protrusion on the bottom is prepared. After welding the upper edge to the inner peripheral edge of the cathode lid so that the bottom surface contacts the metal fibers, a sodium tank is positioned above the front and rear cathode current collector containers, and the sodium tank is welded through the hole in the bottom of the container under heating. After evacuating, the sodium tank is pierced by the protrusion to vacuum-fill the cathode chamber with sodium, and then a cathode terminal is welded to the upper inner peripheral edge of the container to form a cathode chamber structure, and the tube is attached to this structure. A method for manufacturing a sodium-sulfur battery, which comprises welding a battery case to an anode lid, inserting a sulfur molded body from below into the gap between the solid electrolyte tube and the battery case, and then sealing the anode chamber.
JP1099802A 1989-04-19 1989-04-19 Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof Pending JPH02278670A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1099802A JPH02278670A (en) 1989-04-19 1989-04-19 Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1099802A JPH02278670A (en) 1989-04-19 1989-04-19 Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02278670A true JPH02278670A (en) 1990-11-14

Family

ID=14257013

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1099802A Pending JPH02278670A (en) 1989-04-19 1989-04-19 Sodium-sulphur cell and manufacture thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02278670A (en)

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