JPH02277970A - Refrigerant compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the pressure drop of a suction passage by boring a fixing screw hole of a cylinder block with a cylinder head to a crank chamber, and increasing the suction passage between the crank chamber and a suction chamber with the communicating hole of a fixing bolt passing the suction chamber. CONSTITUTION:A fixing bolt 31 of a cylinder block 11 and a cylinder head 30 is screwed into the screw hole 37 of the cylinder block 11 through a suction chamber 32. The screw hole 37 is communicated to a crank chamber 13 formed in the block 11, the bolt 31 is made hollow, and a communicating hole is provided on the suction chamber 32 side. The crank chamber 13 and the suction chamber 32 are communicated via the screw hole 37, and a suction passage is formed. The above suction passage is added in addition to suction passages to the suction chamber 32 from two suction ports 38, the pressure drop in a refrigerant suction path is prevented, and the refrigerant capability is improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a refrigerant compressor used in, for example, an automobile cooling system, and in particular converts rotational motion of a main shaft into reciprocating motion of a piston within a cylinder to compress refrigerant. This invention relates to a refrigerant compressor that compresses .

[Prior Art] This type of refrigerant compressor converts the rotational motion of a rotor connected to a main shaft and disposed in a crank chamber into a rocking motion of a rocking plate, and uses this rocking motion to move a piston back and forth. A moving refrigerant compressor is known (for example, JP-A-55-29 [T) No. 40].

In this type of refrigerant compressor, refrigerant is introduced into a suction chamber provided in a cylinder head, and is drawn into a cylinder by a piston through a suction valve. However, in this type of refrigerant compressor, the temperature inside the crank chamber increases due to mechanical friction heat generated by the operation of the compressor, and stable operation may not be ensured. For this purpose, a suction hole for introducing the refrigerant is provided in the casing, and the refrigerant is first introduced into the crank chamber to lower the temperature inside the crank chamber. A refrigerant compressor in which the refrigerant is introduced into the suction chamber via the refrigerant compressor is also known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the case of a refrigerant compressor that introduces -U refrigerant into the crank chamber, the refrigerant is supplied to the suction chamber via a suction path provided in the cylinder block, etc. There was a problem that the pressure drop of the refrigerant gas was large and the refrigeration capacity was reduced.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in a refrigerant compressor having a suction port for introducing refrigerant into a casing, and to provide a refrigerant compressor with improved refrigerating capacity.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, there is provided a casing having a suction port and forming a crank chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed in the crank chamber, and a cylinder connected to the casing. a cylinder block provided therein, a cylinder head having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber and fixed to the cylinder block, a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder, the main shaft and the main shaft connected to the piston. 2. A motion converting mechanism for reciprocating the piston by converting the rotational motion into a linear reciprocating motion and transmitting the same to the piston; A suction path through which the refrigerant that has flowed into the crank chamber through the port passes through the suction chamber, a screw hole provided in the cylinder block, and an upper screw hole that is attached to the cylinder head and screwed into the screw hole. and a fixing bolt for fixing the cylinder head to the cylinder block, the screw hole passing through the crank chamber,
The refrigerant compressor is characterized in that the fixing bolt passes through the suction chamber and has a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber and the suction chamber.

[Function] In the case of the refrigerant compressor of the present invention, the refrigerant is communicated from the crank chamber to the suction chamber by not only the suction path that communicates the crank chamber and the suction chamber, but also by screwing into the screw hole leading to the crank chamber. This is also done through the communication hole of the fixing bolt. As a result, the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant flows from the crank chamber to the suction chamber is reduced.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Referring to FIG. 1, a cylindrical casing 1υ forms a crank chamber 13 between a cylinder block 11 connected to one end and a front housing 12 fixed to the other end. These casing 10 and cylinder block 1
1 is integrally molded. The main shaft 1 is in the crank chamber 13.
The central portion of the main shaft 16 is rotatably supported by the front housing 12 by a double bearing 15 attached to the central portion of the front housing 12. A rotor 14 is attached to one end of this upper shaft 16, and this rotor 14 is
[front housing] 2 via a thrust needle bearing 17. Inside the crank chamber 13, there is also a moving plate 9 in the shape of a ring which faces the inclined surface 14a of the rotor 4 via a thrust needle bearing 18.
is arranged, and this swing plate 19 is connected to the swing center shaft body 20.
It is swingably received at the tip of the steel ball 21 via a rotatable steel ball 21. The swinging center shaft body 20 is inserted into the central hole 22 of the cylinder block 11, and is movable in the axial direction or is prevented from rotating.
3 toward the number of oscillations of 19. The biasing force of the spring 23 at this time can be adjusted by turning the screw body 24 screwed into the central hole 22.

The swinging center shaft body 20 also has a heavy center 20b at its tip, and this bevel gear 20b meshes with a bevel gear 25 fixed to the swinging plate 19, thereby preventing rotation of the swinging plate 19. ing. These swing center shaft body 20, steel ball 21, spring 23
, the bevel gear 25, etc. constitute a rotation prevention mechanism.

The cylinder block 11 is formed with one cylinder 26, and a piston 27 is slidably inserted into each cylinder 26.

These pistons 27 are connected near the periphery of the swing plate 19 by rods 28. Note that the connection between the rod 28 and the swing plate 19, and the connection between the rod 28 and the piston 27
All connections are made with ball-and-socket joints. And the above-mentioned rotor 14, t+? j moving plate 19, rod 2
8 and the like constitute a motion conversion mechanism, and when the main shaft 16 is rotated by this motion conversion mechanism, the piston 27 makes a linear reciprocating motion.

A cylinder head 30 is superimposed on one end of the cylinder block 11 via a gasket (not shown) and a valve plate device 29, and is fixed to the cylinder block 11 with fixing bolts 31. This cylinder head 3
0 is provided with a suction chamber 32 and a discharge chamber 33, and a suction valve 29a and a discharge valve 29 provided in the valve plate device 29.
The cylinders 26 and 26 are connected to each other via b. In addition, 3
A valve holder 4 prevents excessive deflection of the two discharge valves b, and is integrally fixed to the two valve plate devices with bolts 35.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■- in Figure 1.
Inside the cylinder block 11, seven cylinders 26 are arranged around the main shaft 6, and two intake holes 36.
36- is provided.

These suction holes 36, 36' each open at one end into the crank chamber]3 and at the other end into the suction chamber 32. The suction holes 36 and 36' constitute a suction path that communicates the crank chamber 13 and the suction chamber 32.

The cylinder block 1] further includes fixing bolts 31.
There are seven screw holes 37 into which the screws are screwed.

Referring to FIG. 3, the fixing bolt 31 has a head 31.
a, a shaft part 3 ] and b welded to the head part 31a, and the shaft part 3b has a hollow part 31c in its axial direction.
is formed. A vertical hole 31d extending perpendicular to the axial direction communicates with the hollow portion 31c. These hollow parts 3
1c and the vertical hole 31d constitute a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber 13 and the suction chamber 32.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the fixing bolt 31 is threaded into a screw hole 37 formed in the cylinder block 11 and communicating with the crank chamber 13, and the fixing bolt 31 is threaded through the suction chamber 32. There is. At this time, the vertical hole 31d is arranged at a position where it opens into the suction chamber 32. On the other hand, a suction port 38 for introducing refrigerant into the crank chamber 13 is provided on the side wall of the casing 10 .

In the above-described structure, when the main shaft 16 is rotated by an appropriate rotation drive means, the rotor 14 rotates within the crank chamber 13, and the rocking plate 19 rotates around the steel ball 21 according to the inclined surface 14a of the rotor 14. Since the pistons 27 swing without any movement, the plurality of pistons 27 reciprocate within the cylinder 26 with a time difference. As a result, the refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 32 is sucked into the cylinder 26 through the suction valve 29a, and is discharged into the discharge chamber 33 through the discharge valve 29b. With this reciprocating movement of the piston 27, the refrigerant gas flows into the suction port 3.
8 to the crank chamber 13, and in addition to passing through the suction hole 36, the screw hole 37, and the hollow part 31c of the fixing bolt 31.
1 into the suction chamber 32 through the vertical hole 31d. Since the same number of suction paths as the cylinders 26 can be provided through the hollow portion 31C1 of the fixing bolt 31 and the vertical hole 31d,
The pressure drop as the refrigerant gas passes through is reduced.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a refrigerant compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the compressor shown in the figure, the casing 40 is
First casing part 40a and second casing part 4
0b. A cylinder block 41 is integrally formed at the right end of the first caning part 40a, and a cylinder block 41 is integrally formed at the left end of the second casing part 40b.
’ is formed in one piece. A crank chamber 43 is formed between these. The four swash plates disposed within the crank chamber 43 are fixed to a main shaft 46 which is rotatably inserted through the center of the cylinder block 41, 41' via needle bearings 45, 4.5'. The peripheral edge portions 49a of the four swash plates are IF7 formed on the piston rod 58.
The movable member 58a is engaged with the shoe 58b of −λ·1. At both ends of the piston loft 58 are pistons 57.
57'' is integrally formed, and the cylinder block 41
．． 41 is slidably inserted into a cylinder 56, 56 formed at 1]. Valve plate devices 59 are provided between the cylinder heads 60, 60 and the cylinder blocks 41 and 41, respectively.
．． 59'' is provided.

The cylinder head 60.6'O- has a suction chamber 6262'
and discharge chambers 63, 63- are provided.

The cylinder heads 60, 60- are fixed to the cylinder blocks 41, 41', respectively, by fixing bolts 61. This fixing bolt 61 is connected to the first casing portion 4
The fixing bolt 61 passes through the suction chamber 62 .
62'. The shaft portion 6 of this fixing bolt 61
A hollow part 61c is formed in the axial direction in 1b, and a vertical hole 61d
are provided at three locations so as to open into the suction chambers 62, 62- and the crank chamber 43, respectively.

In the above-described structure, when the main shaft 46 is rotated by an appropriate rotational drive means, the oblique i49 rotates within the crank chamber 43. The peripheral edge 49a of this swash plate 49 is connected to the piston rod 58.
Since the piston rod 58 is engaged with a sliding groove 58a formed in the piston via a pair of shoes 58b, the piston rod 58 makes a linear reciprocating motion parallel to the main shaft 46 as the swash plate 49 rotates. This causes the pistons 57, 57' on both sides to reciprocate within the cylinders 56, 56-. Piston 57.
57' and cylinder 56.56' are not shown, but the first
Like the refrigerant compressor shown in the figure, it has 10 cylinders, and as the four swash plates rotate, ten 1-ton pistons reciprocate within the cylinders with a time difference. As a result, the suction chamber 62.62
- suck the refrigerant gas inside the cylinders 56, 56-,
Moreover, it is discharged into the discharge chamber 63. Due to this reciprocating movement of the cylinder 56, refrigerant gas is introduced from the suction port (not shown) to the crankshaft 43, and in addition to passing through the same suction hole (not shown) as shown in FIG. from the vertical hole 61d opened in the crank chamber 43 of the bolt 61 to the hollow part b ],
, c, and a vertical hole 6 opening into the suction chambers 62, 62-.
1. d into the suction chamber 62,62'.

Since the same number of suction paths as the cylinders 56 can be provided through the hollow portion 61C1 of the fixing bolt 61 and the vertical hole 61d, the pressure drop when the refrigerant gas passes therethrough is reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiments all relate to a compressor with a fixed compression capacity, but a variable capacity refrigerant compressor in which the angle of inclination of the swash plate or rocking plate with respect to the main axis is changed according to the cooling load. The present invention is also applicable to

[Effects of the Invention] According to the refrigerant compressor of the present invention, the number of suction paths for refrigerant from the crank chamber to the suction chamber is increased due to the communication holes formed in the fixing bolts. It is possible to prevent pressure drop at ,

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a one-unit refrigerant compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.
3 is a sectional view showing the structure of a fixing bolt used in the refrigerant compressor of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a swash plate type refrigerant compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention. 10...Casing, 11...Cylinder block,
12... Front housing, 13... Crank chamber, 16... Main shaft, 19... Rocking plate, 26... Cylinder, 27... Piston, 30... Cylinder head, 31...・Fixing bolt, 31c...Hollow part, 31
d... vertical hole, 32... suction chamber, 33... discharge chamber,
36... Suction hole, 37... Screw hole, 38... Suction port 1-140... Casing, 41... Cylinder block, 43... Crank chamber, 46... Main shaft, 4
9... Swash plate, 56... Cylinder, 57... Screw!
・N, 60...Cylinder head, 61...Fixing bolt, 61c...Hollow part, 61d...Vertical hole, 62...
- Suction chamber, 63...discharge chamber. Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A casing having a suction port and forming a crank chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed in the crank chamber, a cylinder block having a cylinder and connected to the casing, and a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder block; a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder; connected to the main shaft and the piston to convert the rotational motion of the main shaft into a linear reciprocating motion; a motion converting mechanism that reciprocates the piston with one end opening into the crank chamber and the other end opening into the suction chamber, the refrigerant flowing into the crank chamber through the suction port into the suction chamber; a refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant compressor including a suction passage through which the cylinder head passes, a screw hole provided in the cylinder block, and a fixing bolt that is attached to the cylinder head and screwed into the screw hole to fix the cylinder head to the cylinder block. The screw hole communicates with the crank chamber, the fixing bolt passes through the suction chamber, and has a communication hole that communicates the crank chamber and the suction chamber. refrigerant compressor.