JPH02271020A - Lubricating device for four-cycle outboard motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent deterioration of lubricant by providing a cooling part for cooling an oil passage which couples an oil receiver with a discharge port for lubricant by cooling water fed by a water pump. CONSTITUTION:An oil receiver for receiving lubricant after lubrication of the lubrication-required part of an engine 17 is arranged inside a middle member 16 under a cylinder block 22. Moreover, an oil tank for reservoiring lubricant conveied from the oil receiver is equipped. A pump device 43 is equipped which has an oil sending pumps for transferring lubricant from the oil receiver to an oil tank 42 and a lubricating pump for supplying lubricant to the lubrication- required part of the engine 17. Hereupon, a water pump 71 is equipped, which force-feeds cooling water being taken in from a water intake 72 provided at the periphery of an outboard motor 10. A cooling part is provided, which cools an oil sending passage 66A on the pump side by cooling water sent by the water pump 71. Hereby, the lubricant for lubricating the engine 17 is cooled positively, and the deterioration is prevented.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a lubrication device for a four-stroke outboard motor.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in a four-stroke outboard motor, an oil pan is placed below the engine body to receive and store lubricating oil after lubricating the parts of the engine that require lubrication. Some models employ a wet sump type lubrication system, in which a pump supplies lubrication to the parts of the engine that require it.

In this wet sump type oil pan, the oil pan communicates with the crank chamber and cam chamber through an oil return path that is always open, and the oil pan receives the lubricating oil that has been used to lubricate the parts of the engine that need lubrication by falling naturally with almost no resistance. and collect it and store it,
It will then be recycled and reused. In addition, the oil return path was made larger and simpler to minimize the amount of oil that accumulates in the cam and crank chambers after the engine is stopped, and to avoid running out of lubricant when restarting.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] Although a 4-stroke outboard motor may tilt up temporarily at sea, in this case, the lubricating oil in the oil pan or through the oil return path It flows back into the cam chamber and crank chamber. If the engine is tilted down and restarted in this state, lubrication will be insufficient.

Additionally, 4-stroke outboard motors are often used in situations where high-output operation continues for long periods of time, such as on wide open seas, which results in an increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil, which can lead to early deterioration of the lubricating oil. easy to invite.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the problem of insufficient lubrication associated with chilled shibs of outboard motors, and to prevent deterioration of lubricating oil.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides an oil receiver that receives lubricating oil after lubricating the parts of the engine that require lubrication, and arranges the oil receiver below the engine body, and also arranges the lubricant that is transferred from the oil receiver. An oil feed pump which is provided with an oil tank for storing oil and is interposed between an oil feed suction port provided in an oil receiver and an oil feed outlet provided in the oil tank to transfer lubricating oil from the oil receiver to the oil tank. , a lubrication pump that is interposed between a lubrication suction port provided in the oil tank and a lubrication discharge port provided in a portion of the engine that requires lubrication, and supplies lubricating oil from the oil tank to the portions that require lubrication of the engine. This is a lubrication system for a four-stroke outboard motor, consisting of a water pump that pumps the cooling water taken in from the cooling water intake provided on the outer periphery of the outboard motor body. Accordingly, a cooling section is provided to cool the oil path connecting the oil receiver and the lubrication discharge port.

[Function] In the present invention, in addition to the oil receiver that receives the lubricating oil after lubricating the parts of the engine that require lubrication, an oil tank is provided that stores the lubricating oil transferred from the oil receiver. Therefore, even if the oil receiver is placed relatively close to the engine body to simplify the oil return path, the oil tank that stores most of the lubricating oil is connected to the engine body via an oil feed pump and a lubrication pump. Therefore, when the oil is tilted up, the oil does not flow from the oil tank side to the engine body side, unlike the conventional large and simplified oil return path.

Further, in the present invention, a cooling section is provided that cools the oil passage connecting the oil receiver and the lubricating oil outlet with the cooling water pumped by the water pump. Therefore, the lubricating oil is actively cooled in this cooling section and its deterioration is prevented.

[Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a side view schematically showing a four-stroke outboard motor to which the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a front view, and Fig. 4 is the pump device of Fig. 1. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the lubricating pump system in the pump device of FIG. 1, FIG. The figure is a partially cutaway side view schematically showing a 4-cycle outboard motor to which a second embodiment of the present invention is applied;
FIG. 8 is a side view schematically showing a four-stroke outboard motor to which the third embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the four-stroke internal combustion engine of FIG. 8, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the pump device of FIG. 9;

(First Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 1, an outboard motor 10 has a clamp bracket 12 attached to a hull 11, and a swivel bracket 14 tiltably supported on the clamp bracket 12 via a tilt shaft 13. A propulsion casing 15 is rotatably supported at 14 via a steering shaft (not shown).

A four-stroke internal combustion engine 17 is mounted on the top of the propulsion casing 15 via a plate-shaped intermediate member 16 .

10A is a cowling. The output of the internal combustion engine 17 is transmitted through a drive shaft 18 vertically installed within the propulsion casing 15;
It is transmitted to the propeller shaft 20 via the forward/reverse switching gear train 19, allowing the propeller 21 to rotate forward or backward.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the internal combustion engine 17 is a 4-stroke, 4-cylinder internal combustion engine, and includes a cylinder block 22, a crankcase 23, a cylinder head 24, and a head cover 25 forming an engine body. Four cylinders are arranged horizontally in the cylinder block 22, and a piston 26 is arranged in each cylinder so as to be able to reciprocate horizontally.

A space formed by the cylinder block 22 and the cylinder head 24 on the top surface side of the piston 26 is a combustion chamber 27 .

A space formed by the cylinder block 22 and the crankcase 23 on the back side of the piston 26 is a crank chamber 28 . The crank chamber 28 has a cylinder block 2
A crankshaft 29 supported by a bearing formed at the joint surface of the crankcase 2 and the crankcase 23 is placed vertically, and the upper end of the drive shaft 18 is connected to the lower end of the crankshaft 29. In addition, 30 is the piston 26 and the crankshaft 29
It is a connecting rod that connects the

A space formed by the cylinder head 24 and the head cover 25 is a cam chamber 31. The cam chamber 31 includes a cam shaft 3.
2 is 1i1. The upper and lower ends of the camshaft 32 are supported by the cylinder head 24.

In FIG. 3, 33 is an intake cam, 34 is an exhaust cam, and 35 is a rocker arm. Further, a drive wheel 3 provided at the end of the crankshaft 29 protruding from the crank chamber 28
6 and a driven wheel 37 provided at the end of the camshaft 32 protruding from the cam chamber 31, a belt 38 is wound around the camshaft 32, and the camshaft 32 rotates once for every 172 rotations of the crankshaft 29. It is configured to open and close the intake valve and exhaust valve.

Here, since the internal combustion engine 17 constitutes a dry pump type lubricating device, an oil receiver 4 is provided in the intermediate member 16 located below the cylinder block 22, as shown in FIGS.
1 is disposed, an oil tank 42 is disposed on the side or in front of the crankcase 23, and a pump device 43 is further disposed on the lower side surface of the cylinder block 22.

At this time, the oil receiver 41 is set in the intermediate member 16 at a position close to the crankshaft 29. An oil return path 44 extending from the crank chamber 28 to the oil receiver 41 is formed in the cylinder block 22, and an oil return path 44 is formed in the cylinder block 22.
4 and the cylinder block 22 are formed with an oil return path 45 extending from the cam chamber 31 to the oil receiver 41, and both oil return paths 44, 45 meet at the upper part of the oil receiver 41, and the cylinder block 22 and the intermediate member 16 are connected to each other. It communicates with the oil receiver 41 through a filtering and defoaming screen 46 sandwiched between the two. In other words, the lubricating oil after lubricating each part of the engine that requires lubrication falls naturally to the oil return path 44.4.
5 flows down, passes through the screen 46 and collects in the oil receiver 41.

The oil tank 42 includes an oil inflow path 47 and an oil outflow path 48, and also includes a screen 49 located in the middle of the tank above the suction port 48A of the oil outflow path 48. The discharge port 47A of the oil inflow path 47 is set to protrude above the oil level in the tank and is spaced apart above the suction port 48A, so that the lubricating oil flowing into the oil tank 42 can be separated into gas and liquid. It is valid. Further, the screen 49 is for filtering and defoaming, and prevents foreign matter and air bubbles from flowing into the suction port side of the oil outflow path 48. Incidentally, the oil tank 42 is equipped with an oil inlet cap and an oil level gauge 50. Furthermore, the oil tank 42 is additionally provided with an air bleed pipe 51 for releasing air in the tank to the upper space of the cam chamber 31 when the oil level or pressure in the tank increases.
A check valve 52 is provided at the connection portion of the air bleed pipe 51 to prevent oil leakage when the oil tank 42 falls due to tilting of the propulsion casing 15.
(See Figure 2 (B)). The opening pressure of the check valve 52 is set by a spring.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pump device 43 is installed around the lower end of the crankshaft 29, and includes an oil feed pump 53 and a lubrication pump 54 stacked in two stages inside the pump body 43A. The common pump shaft 55 is connected to the crankshaft 29
It is driven by the rotational force of. That is, a pump shaft drive shaft 56 is coupled to the pump shaft 55, a driven gear 57 is fixed to the pump shaft drive shaft 56, and the driven gear 57 is meshed with a drive gear 58 provided on the crankshaft 29. There is.

As shown in FIG.
A, and the suction passage 59 provided in the cylinder block 22
A suction port 60 connected to the pump body 43A is opened to the oil receiver 41, and a discharge passage 61A provided in the pump body 43A is communicated with a discharge passage 61B provided in the cylinder block 22, and the discharge passage BIB is connected to the oil inlet passage 47 of the oil tank 42. The lubricating oil in the oil receiver 41 is pumped to the oil tank 4 by the rotation of the rotor 62 fixed to the pump shaft 55.
Supply to 2. At this time, the discharge path 6 in the pump body 43A
1. A is provided with a check valve 63, and when the outboard motor 10 is placed horizontally, the lubricating oil in the oil tank 42 flows into the oil receiver 41.
Prevents backflow to the sides. The opening pressure of the check valve 63 is set by a spring.

As shown in FIG.
A and the suction passage 64 provided in the cylinder block 22 are communicated with the oil outflow passage 48 of the oil tank 42, and the discharge passage 65 provided in the pump body 43A is connected to the oil supply passage 6 provided in the cylinder block 22 and the cylinder head 24.
The lubricating oil in the oil tank 42 is transferred to the oil supply path 66 by the rotation of a rotor 67 fixed to the pump shaft 55.
The lubricating parts of the engine (crankshaft 29 bearing,
(such as the bearing of the camshaft 32). At this time, a check valve 68 is provided in the discharge passage 65 in the pump body 43A to prevent the lubricating oil sent to the oil supply passage 66 from flowing back toward the rotor 67, and to prevent the lubricating oil sent to the oil supply passage 66 from flowing back toward the rotor 67. Due to the closing pressure of the check valve 68, the oil tank 42 is closed when the outboard motor 10 is placed horizontally with the lubricating pump 54 stopped due to engine stop.
This prevents lubricating oil from flowing in the forward direction toward the oil feed path 66 side.

Here, as shown in FIG.
5 and extends upward from the connection point, and a distribution side oil supply path that is connected to the upper end of the pump side oil feed path 68A via an oil filter 69 and extends vertically from the oil filter 69. The oil passage 66B further has a branch oil passage 66C that branches from each part of the distribution side oil passage 66B and extends toward each part of the engine that requires lubrication. A transfer oil passage 66D is arranged between the bearing portion at the upper end of the crankshaft and the oil hole 32A of the camshaft 32. Top branch oil supply path 66
The lubricating oil C lubricates the crankshaft upper end bearing, the camshaft upper end bearing, the cam surface, the camshaft lower end bearing, and the like. A relief valve 70 for pressure regulation is provided in communication with the pump side oil feed path 66A to the oil filter 69, and the relief valve 70 releases the high pressure in the pump side oil feed path 66A to the crank chamber 28 to connect the oil filter 69 to the oil filter 69. Protect 69.

At this time, the upper end of the pump-side oil feed path 66A is connected to the lubrication suction port 48A that opens into the oil tank 42, and the oil feed path 66A.
The branch oil passage 66C is located in the middle part of the oil passage connecting the lubrication discharge ports opening to the parts requiring lubrication, and is located above the highest oil level of the oil tank 42 under normal usage conditions. ing.

In addition, the amount of lubricating oil accumulated in the oil receiver 41 is reduced,
By increasing the amount of lubricating oil in the oil tank 42 by that amount, it is possible to prevent poor lubrication during restart when the tilt is down after being tilted up. For this purpose, it is necessary to improve the pump performance of the oil feed pump that returns lubricating oil from the oil receiver 41 to the oil tank 42 than the pump performance of the lubricant pump that circulates the lubricant oil from the oil tank 42 to the oil receiver 41. Furthermore, since the lubricating oil in the oil receiver 411I11 contains more air than the oil tank 42 side, it is necessary to further improve the pump performance. For this reason, the rotor thickness (capacity) of the oil feed pump 53 is made larger than the rotor thickness (capacity) of the lubrication pump 54. Note that the air sent to the oil tank 42 by the oil pump 53 increases the tank internal pressure, and the air is discharged to the air bleed pipe 51 described above.

Incidentally, the outboard motor 10 has a drive shaft 18 as shown in FIG.
A water pump 71 driven by the internal combustion engine 17 is built into the propulsion casing 15, and this water pump 71, which is driven in conjunction with the internal combustion engine 17, supplies water to the internal combustion engine 17 through the external water supply pipe 73 taken in from the water intake lower 2. The internal combustion engine 17 is cooled by water. The cooling water that cooled the engine 17 passes through a thermostatic valve 74A, is guided from a water discharge pipe 74B to a drainage channel inside the propulsion casing 15, and is then discharged to the outside from the boss portion of the propeller 21.

Further, in FIG. 6, 75 is an exhaust passage.

However, in this embodiment, FIGS. 1, 2, and 6
As shown in the figure, a water jacket 7 is provided around the exhaust passage 75 of the cylinder block 22 and around the combustion chamber of the cylinder head 24 in the middle part of the pump side oil supply passage 66A.
A cooling unit 81 is attached to the outer surface of the oil passage 66A and cools the oil passage 66A with cooling water pumped by the water pump 71.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained.

In the first embodiment, in addition to the oil receiver 41 for receiving lubricating oil after lubricating the parts of the engine that require lubrication, an oil tank 42 is provided for storing the lubricating oil transferred from the oil receiver 41. I made it. Therefore, even if the oil receiver 41 is placed relatively close to the engine body in order to simplify the oil return path 44, 45, the oil tank 42 is spaced apart from the engine body and the propulsion casing where the exhaust expansion chamber is located. Can be placed. As a result, the temperature of the oil tank 42 is suppressed from rising due to combustion heat and exhaust heat of the engine, and the temperature rise of the lubricating oil stored in the oil tank 42 can be suppressed as much as possible.

Furthermore, poor lubrication after restarting after tilting up and down, which is one of the objects of the present invention, can be prevented.

Further, in the first embodiment, a cooling section 81 is provided that cools the pump-side oil supply path 66A with the cooling water pumped by the water pump 71. Therefore, the lubricating oil that lubricates the engine 17 is actively cooled in this cooling section 81, and its deterioration is prevented.

(Second Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 7, an outboard motor 170 is substantially the same as the outboard motor 10, so the same functional parts are given the same reference numerals and a description thereof will be omitted. The outboard motor 170 is substantially different from the outboard motor 10 in the following points.

That is, the outboard motor 170 connects a branch waterway 172 to a waterway 171 provided in the intermediate member 16 to connect the water supply pipe 73 connected to the water pump 71 and the water jacket 74, and also An oil cooling pipe 173 is provided that passes through or is adjacent to the oil cooling pipe 173, and the branch waterway 172 is communicated with the lower end of the oil cooling pipe 173. The upper end of the oil cooling pipe 173 is communicated with the outlet side of the water jacket 74 via a water conduit pipe 174.

According to this second embodiment, the oil cooling pipe penetrating or adjacent to the inside of the oil tank 42 constitutes the cooling section of the present invention, and the lubricating oil inside the oil tank 42 is transported by the cooling water pumped by the water pump 71. It will be cooled down. Therefore, the lubricating oil is actively cooled in this oil cooling pipe 173 and its deterioration is prevented.

(Third Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. Internal combustion engine 113
It is equipped with. This internal combustion engine 113 is composed of two cylinders, or the basic configuration of each part of the engine is the same as that of the internal combustion engine 17.
Since it is substantially the same as that in the internal combustion engine 17, the same functional parts as those in the internal combustion engine 17 are designated by the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted. This internal combustion engine 113 is substantially different from the internal combustion engine 17 in the following points.

That is, since the internal combustion engine 113 constitutes a dry sump type lubricating device, as shown in FIG. The pump 123 includes a pump body 116A, a cylinder head 24, and an intermediate member 16.
A suction pipe 127A connected to a suction passage 126A provided in the oil receiver 114A is opened to the oil receiver 114A. Further, an oil tank 115 is arranged at the rear upper end of the propulsion casing 111, and a pump device 116 is arranged at the lower end of the camshaft 32.

The oil tank 115 is installed at a position close to the camshaft 32 at the rear upper end of the propulsion casing 15, and includes a check valve 117A attached to the intermediate member 112, an oil inflow pipe 117, and an oil outflow pipe 118. . still,
The oil tank 115 is equipped with an oil level gauge of 1.20.

The pump device 116 is connected to the camshaft 32 as shown in FIG.
An oil feed pump 123 and a lubrication pump 124 are provided in two stacked stages within the pump body 116A, and a pump shaft 125 common to both is directly connected to the lower end of the camshaft 32.

The oil pump 123 has a suction port 127 of a suction passage 126 provided in the pump body 116A opened to the oil receiver 114, and also has a suction port 127 provided in the pump body 116A and a cover 116.
B. The discharge passage 128 provided in the elastic seal member 134 is communicated with the oil inflow pipe 117 of the oil tank 115, and the lubricating oil in the oil receiver 114 is pumped through the rotation of the rotor 129 fixed to the pump shaft 125, and the lubricating oil is transferred to the oil tank 115. supply to.

At this time, a check valve (not shown) is provided in the discharge passage 128 in the pump body 116A to prevent the lubricating oil in the oil tank 115 from flowing back toward the oil receiver 114 when the outboard motor 110 is placed horizontally. It is prevented.

The lubrication pump 124 includes a pump body 116A and a cover 11.
6B, suction path 130 provided in the elastic seal member 134
is connected to the oil outflow pipe 118 of the oil tank 115, and a discharge path 131 provided in the pump body 116A is connected to an oil feed path 132 provided in the cylinder block 22 and the cylinder head 24, and is fixed to the pump shaft 125. As the rotor 133 rotates, the lubricating oil in the oil tank 115 is pumped through the oil feed path 132 to the parts of the engine that require lubrication (
(the bearing of the crankshaft 29, the bearing of the camshaft 32, etc.). A drain plug 11 is located at the bottom of the oil tank 115.
5A is provided.

At this time, the discharge passage 131 in the pump body 116A is provided with a valve (not shown) that opens when pressure is applied.
2 prevents the lubricating oil sent to the rotor 133 from flowing backward, and the closing pressure of the valve set by the spring prevents the lubricating oil from flowing back to the rotor 133 side. This prevents lubricating oil from flowing in the head direction from the oil tank 115 to the oil feed path 132 side when the oil tank 110 is placed horizontally.

In FIG. 9, the middle part of the cooling water supply pipe 73 is attached to the side wall of the oil tank 115 with an adhesive 134 containing a metal such as Ar1, which is a good thermal conductor, thereby forming the cooling section of the present invention. , the lubricating oil in the oil tank 115 can be water-cooled. Further, in FIG. 9, 135 is an exhaust pipe.

In FIG. 9, the middle part of the water supply pipe 73 is also attached to the bottom wall of the oil receiver 114A with the above-mentioned adhesive 134 to constitute a cooling section in the present invention.
The lubricating oil inside can be water cooled.

According to this third embodiment, the side wall of the oil tank 115;
and a water supply pipe 7 on each of the bottom wall of the oil receiver 114A.
The cooling section of the present invention is constructed by adding the intermediate section of No. 3.

9. Oil tank 115 or oil receiver 11
The lubricating oil in 4A is actively cooled by the cooling water pumped by the water pump 71, and its deterioration is prevented.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem of insufficient lubrication caused by tilting up an outboard motor, and to prevent deterioration of lubricating oil.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a 4-cycle outboard motor to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied; FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the 4-cycle internal combustion engine of FIG. 1; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the four-stroke internal combustion engine shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the oil feed pump system in the pump device shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the lubrication pump system in the pump device shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the 4-stroke internal combustion system in the pump device shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view schematically showing a four-stroke outboard motor to which the second embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the main parts of the engine. FIG. 9 is a side view schematically showing a 4-stroke outboard motor to which the example is applied; FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the 4-stroke internal combustion engine of FIG. 8; and FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the pump device of FIG. 9. be. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Outboard motor, 17... Internal combustion engine, 41... Oil receiver, 42... Oil tank, 53... Oil transfer pump, 54... Lubrication pump, 66A... Oil transfer 71...Water pump, 72...Water intake port, 73...Water supply pipe, 81...Cooling section, 170...Outboard motor, 173...Oil cooling pipe, 110. ...outboard motor, 114A...oil receiver, 115...oil tank, 123...oil pump, 124...lubrication pump. Agent Patent Attorney Osamu Shiokawa Figure 1 Hanging 66A Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An oil receiver is placed below the engine body to receive the lubricating oil after lubricating the parts of the engine that require lubrication, and an oil tank is provided in the oil receiver to store the lubricating oil transferred from the oil receiver. An oil feed pump that is interposed between an oil feed suction port and an oil feed discharge port provided in an oil tank to transfer lubricating oil from an oil receiver to the oil tank, and a lubricant suction port provided in the oil tank and an engine. A lubrication pump for a 4-cycle outboard motor, which includes a lubrication pump that is interposed between a lubrication outlet provided in a lubrication-requiring part of the engine and supplies lubricating oil from an oil tank to a lubrication-required part of the engine. This device is equipped with a water pump that pumps the cooling water taken in from the cooling water intake provided on the outer periphery of the outboard motor body, and connects the oil receiver and the lubrication outlet with the cooling water pumped by the water pump. A 4-stroke outboard motor lubrication system equipped with a cooling section that cools the oil path.