JPH02268982A - Build-up welding method of titanium or titanium alloy - Google Patents
Build-up welding method of titanium or titanium alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02268982A JPH02268982A JP8984489A JP8984489A JPH02268982A JP H02268982 A JPH02268982 A JP H02268982A JP 8984489 A JP8984489 A JP 8984489A JP 8984489 A JP8984489 A JP 8984489A JP H02268982 A JPH02268982 A JP H02268982A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- titanium
- build
- plasma arc
- titanium alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C#C Chemical group [O].C#C LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明はチタンまたはチタン合金の表面に肉盛溶接を施
すプラズマアーク肉盛溶接方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a plasma arc build-up welding method for performing build-up welding on the surface of titanium or a titanium alloy.
[従来の技術]
チタン又はチタン合金材料は鉄に対し比重が約60%と
軽く、耐食性も優れているなどの利点を活かして、自動
車や航空機部品に利用されている。[Prior Art] Titanium or titanium alloy materials are used for automobile and aircraft parts, taking advantage of their advantages such as having a light specific gravity of about 60% compared to iron and excellent corrosion resistance.
しかしながら、チタンまたはチタン合金は鉄に比べ軟ら
かいため、耐摩耗性が要求される部位には、そのままで
使用することができない。However, since titanium or titanium alloy is softer than iron, it cannot be used as is in areas where wear resistance is required.
そこで、チタン系材料を耐摩耗性が要求される部位にも
使用できるよう、チタン系材料に耐摩耗性、耐熱性等の
特性に優れた異種材料を肉盛する方法が考えられている
。Therefore, a method of overlaying a titanium-based material with a different material having excellent properties such as wear resistance and heat resistance has been considered so that the titanium-based material can be used in areas where wear resistance is required.
このチタン系材料への肉盛溶接方法として、従来から、
酸素−アセチレン炎を利用したガス溶接やTIGアーク
、プラズマアークを利用したアーク溶接およびレーザー
光を利用した肉盛方法等が採用されている。Conventionally, the overlay welding method for this titanium-based material is
Gas welding using an oxygen-acetylene flame, arc welding using a TIG arc, plasma arc, and build-up methods using laser light have been adopted.
かかる素材の硬化肉盛溶接方法として、特開昭61−2
3574号公報に記載されているように、チタン基合金
材料からなるエンジンバルブフェース面に、チタンと金
属炭化物とからなる混合粉末を用いてプラズマアーク肉
盛溶接する方法が提案されている。この提案では、プラ
ズマアーク肉盛溶接方法として常用されている、直流正
極性プラズマアーク肉盛溶接方法が用いられている。正
極性プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法は、逆極性プラズマアー
ク肉盛溶接法に比べ、母材への希釈が大きいことは一般
に知られていることである。As a hardfacing welding method for such materials, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-2
As described in Japanese Patent No. 3574, a method has been proposed in which a mixed powder of titanium and metal carbide is used for plasma arc overlay welding on an engine valve face made of a titanium-based alloy material. In this proposal, a DC positive polarity plasma arc build-up welding method, which is commonly used as a plasma arc build-up welding method, is used. It is generally known that positive polarity plasma arc build-up welding involves greater dilution into the base metal than reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding.
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
チタン系材料に耐摩耗性、耐熱性の良好なCO具金合金
を肉盛溶接すると、母材と肉盛金属との接合界面に金属
間化合物が生成し、脆い接合部を形成する。そして、母
材への希釈が大きくなるに従い、その脆い化合物相の生
成幅が大きくなり、実用上問題がある。又、チタン系材
料のように、母材衣1mに溶融温度の高い酸化膜を形成
する材料の肉盛溶接に、クリーニング効果のない正極性
プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法を適用すると、接合界面に介
在物が形成され、健全な接合部が得られないなどの問題
がある。[Problems to be solved by the invention] When a CO metal alloy with good wear resistance and heat resistance is overlay welded to a titanium-based material, intermetallic compounds are generated at the bonding interface between the base material and the overlay metal. Forms brittle joints. As the dilution into the base material increases, the width of formation of the brittle compound phase increases, which poses a practical problem. In addition, if positive plasma arc build-up welding, which has no cleaning effect, is applied to build-up welding of materials such as titanium-based materials, which form an oxide film with a high melting temperature on 1 m of base metal coating, welding may occur at the joint interface. There are problems such as the formation of objects and the inability to obtain a sound joint.
又、特開昭59−78774号公報には、チタンまたは
チタン合金の表面に、純チタン粉末に炭化金属の硬化粒
を含有した硬化剤をTIG溶接法またはプラズマアーク
溶接法で肉盛する溶接方法が提案されている。Furthermore, JP-A-59-78774 discloses a welding method in which a hardening agent containing hardened particles of metal carbide in pure titanium powder is deposited on the surface of titanium or titanium alloy by TIG welding or plasma arc welding. is proposed.
上記提案でのプラズマアーク肉盛溶接法として、逆極性
プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法が用いられている。逆極性プ
ラズマアーク肉盛溶接法は、母材の希釈が小さく、母材
表面の酸化膜を除去するクリーニング効果があることが
知られている。しか−、し、母材を#極、電極を陽極と
した逆極性接続では、母材から発生した電子が絶えず、
電極に衝突し、電極が加熱され損傷されるため、W電極
に代えて、一般に大径の水冷銅電極が用いられる。As the plasma arc build-up welding method in the above proposal, a reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding method is used. It is known that the reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding method has a small dilution of the base material and has a cleaning effect of removing an oxide film on the surface of the base material. However, in a reverse polarity connection where the base material is the # pole and the electrode is the anode, the electrons generated from the base material are constantly
A large-diameter, water-cooled copper electrode is generally used instead of a W electrode, since it collides with the electrode and heats and damages the electrode.
そのため、逆極性プラズマアーク溶接トーチは、正極性
プラズマアーク溶接トーチより大型化となり、小物の肉
盛溶接には不適であり、溶接操作性に問題がある。Therefore, reverse polarity plasma arc welding torches are larger than positive polarity plasma arc welding torches, are not suitable for overlay welding of small items, and have problems in welding operability.
また、逆極性プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法および正極性プ
ラズマアーク肉盛溶接法とも、使用電流に直流を用いる
ので、磁気吹きの影響を受けるため、良好なビード形状
か得られ難いなどの問題がある。In addition, both the reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding method and the positive polarity plasma arc build-up welding method use direct current as the current, so they are affected by magnetic blowing, so there are problems such as difficulty in obtaining a good bead shape. .
[課題を解決するため、の手段]
上記の如き問題点は、次に述べる本発明のチタンまたは
チタン合金の肉盛溶接方法によって解決される。[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned problems are solved by the following overlay welding method for titanium or titanium alloy of the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は熱源に周波数:]00 Hz〜50
00Hzの交流プラズマアークを用いて溶接する肉盛溶
接方法である。That is, the present invention provides a heat source with a frequency of 00 Hz to 50 Hz.
This is an overlay welding method in which welding is performed using an alternating current plasma arc of 00 Hz.
[作用]
本発明において、周波数を300 Hz以上で溶接する
のは、300 Hz未満では、極性変換時にアーク切れ
が発生し、不安定アークとなり、連続したビードが得ら
れないためである。また、5000t−1zを超えると
、高周波特有の金属音が発生し、溶接作業者にとって、
耐え難い作業環境となるとともに、溶接電源の製造コス
トが著しく増大するため、周波数の範囲を300 Hz
〜5000Hzとした。[Function] In the present invention, the reason why welding is performed at a frequency of 300 Hz or more is because if the frequency is less than 300 Hz, arc breakage occurs during polarity change, resulting in an unstable arc and a continuous bead cannot be obtained. In addition, when it exceeds 5000t-1z, a metallic sound peculiar to high frequencies is generated, which is unpleasant for welding workers.
The frequency range has been reduced to 300 Hz because it creates an unbearable working environment and significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the welding power source.
~5000Hz.
[実施例]
次に本発明の肉盛溶接方法を第1図に基づいて説明する
。第1図は、交流電源を用いて、チタン合金板の表面に
粉体肉盛材料を肉盛溶接するのに適した、交流プラズマ
アーク肉盛溶接装置の一例を示す説明図である。[Example] Next, the overlay welding method of the present invention will be explained based on FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an AC plasma arc overlay welding apparatus suitable for overlay welding a powder overlay material onto the surface of a titanium alloy plate using an AC power supply.
第1図において、1はプラズマアーク肉盛溶接トーチの
先端部を示し、該プラズマアーク肉盛溶接トーチ1には
、中心部にタングステン電Vi2を配備してあり、この
電極2の外側には、トーチ内筒3およびトーチ外筒4が
配設されている。そして、タングステン電極2とトーチ
内筒3との間にプラズマ作動ガス通路14およびトーチ
内筒3とトーチ外筒4との間にシールドガス通路15お
よび粉体肉盛材料lOを供給する粉体送給バイブ5が配
設されている。プラズマ作動ガス通路14にはアルゴン
ガスなどの不活性ガスがプラズマ作動ガスとして供給さ
れる。シールドガス通路15にはアルゴンガスなどの不
活性ガスが供給されるようになっており、肉盛金属13
を大気からシールドするようになっている。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates the tip of a plasma arc build-up welding torch, and the plasma arc build-up welding torch 1 is equipped with a tungsten electrode Vi2 in the center, and on the outside of this electrode 2, A torch inner cylinder 3 and a torch outer cylinder 4 are provided. Then, a plasma working gas passage 14 is provided between the tungsten electrode 2 and the torch inner cylinder 3, a shielding gas passage 15 is provided between the torch inner cylinder 3 and the torch outer cylinder 4, and a powder feed material lO is supplied. A feeding vibe 5 is provided. Inert gas such as argon gas is supplied to the plasma working gas passage 14 as a plasma working gas. Inert gas such as argon gas is supplied to the shield gas passage 15, and the overlay metal 13 is supplied with an inert gas such as argon gas.
It is designed to shield the air from the atmosphere.
以上のように構成された、プラズマアーク肉盛溶接トー
チ1の下方に、被肉盛溶接材料のチタン合金板12が設
置されている。そして、プラズマアーク11の中に、粉
体肉盛材料10が粉体送給パイプ5を通じて、アルゴン
ガスなどの不活性ガスを送給ガスとして供給され、チタ
ン板12の表面上に順次肉盛金属13が形成される。A titanium alloy plate 12, which is a material to be welded, is installed below the plasma arc overlay welding torch 1 configured as described above. Then, the powder overlay material 10 is supplied into the plasma arc 11 through the powder feed pipe 5 using an inert gas such as argon gas as a feed gas, and the overlay metal is sequentially applied onto the surface of the titanium plate 12. 13 is formed.
なお、タングステン電極2とトーチ内筒3との間には、
パイロット電源6から所定のパイロット電流が供給され
るようになっている。また、タングステン電極2とチタ
ン合金板12との間には、周波数を任意に調整できる周
波数調整装置9を取付けたメイン交流電源7から、所定
の溶接電源が供給できるようになっている。更に、タン
グステン電ViA2とトーチ内筒3との間にはプラズマ
アーク点火用の高周波発生器8が配設されている。Note that between the tungsten electrode 2 and the torch inner cylinder 3,
A predetermined pilot current is supplied from a pilot power source 6. Moreover, a predetermined welding power source can be supplied between the tungsten electrode 2 and the titanium alloy plate 12 from a main AC power source 7 equipped with a frequency adjustment device 9 that can arbitrarily adjust the frequency. Further, a high frequency generator 8 for igniting a plasma arc is disposed between the tungsten electric ViA 2 and the torch inner cylinder 3.
次に、本発明に基づく効果を確認するために、第1表に
示したチタン板およびチタン合金板に、第2表に示した
粉体肉盛材料を組合せて、第1図に示した本発明の一実
施態様の交流プラズマアーク肉盛溶接装置を用いて肉盛
溶接を行った。下記の溶接条件で溶接して得らえた肉盛
部について、接合性およびビード形状等を調査した結果
を第3表に示す。Next, in order to confirm the effects based on the present invention, the titanium plates and titanium alloy plates shown in Table 1 were combined with the powder overlay materials shown in Table 2, and the materials shown in Fig. 1 were combined. Overlay welding was performed using an AC plasma arc overlay welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. Table 3 shows the results of investigating the bondability, bead shape, etc. of the build-up parts obtained by welding under the following welding conditions.
溶接条件;溶接電流 80A
溶接速度 45(1++o+/win
プラズマ作動ガス流量(^「) 2λ/minシールド
ガス流量(Ar) 21! /min粉体送給ガス流
5j (Ar) 21 /min第3表におけるNo
、l−No、7は第1図に示した交流プラズマアーク肉
盛溶接装置を用いて、肉盛溶接を行ったものである。N
o、8. No、9は一般に用いられている正極性プラ
ズマアーク肉盛溶接法で行ったものであり、No、IO
,No、l]は逆極性プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法で比較
のため行ったものである。なお、N008〜No、11
の正極性プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法および逆極性プラズ
マアーク肉盛溶接法とも、交流プラズマアーク肉盛溶接
法と同一の上記溶接条件で行った。Welding conditions: Welding current 80A Welding speed 45 (1++o+/win Plasma working gas flow rate (^'') 2λ/min Shielding gas flow rate (Ar) 21!/min Powder feed gas flow 5j (Ar) 21/min Table 3 No in
, l-No. 7, overlay welding was performed using the AC plasma arc overlay welding apparatus shown in FIG. N
o, 8. No. 9 was performed using the commonly used positive plasma arc build-up welding method, and No. IO
, No., l] were performed for comparison using the reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding method. In addition, N008~No, 11
Both the positive polarity plasma arc build-up welding method and the reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding method were performed under the same welding conditions as the AC plasma arc build-up welding method.
No、I〜No、 5は本発明の要件を満たし、肉盛部
の接合界面に介在物および化合物相が認められず、良好
な接合性ならびにビード形状が得られた。また、アーク
切れの発生もなく、安定した溶接が行われたことは勿論
である。Nos. I to No. 5 satisfied the requirements of the present invention, no inclusions or compound phases were observed at the bonding interface of the built-up portion, and good bondability and bead shape were obtained. Furthermore, it goes without saying that arc breakage did not occur and stable welding was performed.
No、6. No、7は交流プラズマアーク肉盛溶接法
で行ったものであるが、周波数が本発明の範囲を外れて
いる例である。No、6は周波数が本発明範囲の下限よ
り低く、溶接途中でアーク切れが発生し、安定した溶接
ができず、ビード形状は劣った。No, 6. No. 7 is an example in which AC plasma arc build-up welding was performed, but the frequency was outside the range of the present invention. In No. 6, the frequency was lower than the lower limit of the range of the present invention, arc breakage occurred during welding, stable welding was not possible, and the bead shape was poor.
N017は周波数が本発明の範囲の上限を超えたもので
、接合性およびビード形状は良好であったが。No. 017 had a frequency exceeding the upper limit of the range of the present invention, and the bondability and bead shape were good.
高周波特有の金属音が発生し、溶接作業に耐えられるも
のてはなかった。It produced a metallic sound peculiar to high frequencies, and was not suitable for welding work.
No、8. No、9は、比較のため、正極性プラズマ
アーク肉盛溶接法によるものである。いずれも、接合部
に化合物相等とともに割れが認められた。No, 8. For comparison, No. 9 was made using the positive plasma arc build-up welding method. In both cases, cracks were observed along with compound phases at the joints.
又、磁気吹きにより、ビード形状も満足するものか得ら
れなかった。Also, by magnetic blowing, a satisfactory bead shape could not be obtained.
No、10. No、11は、逆極性プラズマアーク肉
盛溶接法によるものである。クリーニング効果は認めら
れ、接合性は良好であったが、磁気吹きにより、ビード
止端部か不揃いとなり、満足できるビード形状が得られ
なかった。No, 10. No. 11 is by reverse polarity plasma arc build-up welding. Although the cleaning effect was observed and the bondability was good, the bead toe became irregular due to magnetic blowing, and a satisfactory bead shape could not be obtained.
[発明の効果]
以上のことより、本発明のチタンまたはチタン合金の肉
盛溶接方法によれば、チタンまたはチタン合金の肉盛溶
接部の接合性を劣化させる母材表面の酸化膜を除去し、
接合部界面に脆い化合物相および介在物が生成せず、良
好なビード形状が得られる。従って、耐摩耗性、耐熱性
等の諸特性に優れた異種材料を肉盛したチタン系部品を
得ることができ、その工業的価値は大きい。[Effects of the Invention] From the above, according to the method for overlay welding of titanium or titanium alloy of the present invention, it is possible to remove the oxide film on the surface of the base material that deteriorates the bondability of the overlay weld of titanium or titanium alloy. ,
No brittle compound phase or inclusions are formed at the joint interface, and a good bead shape can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a titanium-based part overlaid with a different material that has excellent properties such as wear resistance and heat resistance, and has great industrial value.
第1図は交流電源を用いた本発明のチタンまたはチタン
合金の肉盛溶接方法を実施する装置の一例を示した説明
図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the overlay welding method for titanium or titanium alloy according to the present invention using an AC power source.
Claims (1)
熱源に周波数300Hz〜5000Hzの交流プラズマ
アークを用いて溶接することを特徴とするチタンまたは
チタン合金の肉盛溶接方法。1. In the overlay welding method of titanium or titanium alloy,
A method for overlaying titanium or titanium alloy, the method comprising welding using an alternating current plasma arc with a frequency of 300 Hz to 5000 Hz as a heat source.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8984489A JPH02268982A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Build-up welding method of titanium or titanium alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8984489A JPH02268982A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Build-up welding method of titanium or titanium alloy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02268982A true JPH02268982A (en) | 1990-11-02 |
Family
ID=13982074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8984489A Pending JPH02268982A (en) | 1989-04-11 | 1989-04-11 | Build-up welding method of titanium or titanium alloy |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH02268982A (en) |
-
1989
- 1989-04-11 JP JP8984489A patent/JPH02268982A/en active Pending
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