JPH02258249A - Multi-layer shrink-processed cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To apply multilayer shrink cloth to many fields by shrinking wefts and/or warps at a predetermined rate, shrinking a core layer in a shrinking structure, thereby enhancing an air permeability and liquid permeable heat insulation characteristics. CONSTITUTION: The multilayer shrink cloth comprises a core layer 1 made of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, an upper layer 2 arranged on the layer 1 and made of parallel wefts, 'fixing yarns' in some cases, and a lower layer 3 made of warps. The warps are passed through the layer 1 to form a fixed connecting point at an intersection around the wefts of the layer 2 in a loop state. The wefts and/or warps are shrunk at least 5%, and the layer 1 is shrunk as a shrunk edge structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to multilayer crimp fabrics with improved loft and breathability.

[Conventional technology]

Fabrics based on non-woven, woven or knitted fabrics usually have considerable air or liquid permeability. It also has insulation properties. Therefore, it can be used in many ways in this field and can be adjusted and formed according to each application. This has led to the development of a large number of products, each manufactured using different manufacturing methods.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

It is therefore desirable for economic reasons to develop a fiber material with a basic structure that is equally suitable for the main fields of application, namely air and liquid filtration and thermal insulation, and that allows for the intended multifaceted use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved processed fabric that has excellent air permeability or liquid permeability, excellent heat insulating properties, and can be applied in many ways. This material also works well in liquid filtration.
It must also be suitable as a filter material in air purification systems, e.g. ventilation systems, air conditioning systems, dust collectors, etc., in which case it must be possible to adjust the air and liquid source excess so that the material can be used as a cold insulation insert. .

[Means to solve the problem]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved by a core layer 1 made of a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, an upper layer 2 disposed thereon and made of mutually parallel weft yarns, a "fixed yarn" as the case may be, and a warp yarn. the warp threads penetrate the core layer 1 and surround the weft threads of the upper layer 2 in a loop to form a fixed connection point at the intersection; the weft threads and/or
or the warp yarn has shrunk by at least 5%, and the core layer 1
The present invention is solved by a multilayer crimp fabric with improved loft and breathability, characterized in that it is shrunk as a crimp structure.

This material has all the properties required for the purpose, yet has high tear strength and withstands abuse.

The air and liquid permeability or porosity of the novel multilayer crimp material is determined on the one hand by the nonwoven, woven or knitted core layer. The warp and weft threads, on the one hand, provide tear strength and, on the other hand, the shrinkage treatment results in a one-sided crimped pleat structure of the core layer material, in which case various patterns result.

At relatively moderate shrinkage of about 5% relative to unshrinked material, a pleat or crepe structure consisting of wide arcs results - giving the appearance of an "open" pleat structure. This open pleated structure is particularly suitable for using the material as an air or liquid filter. An optimal filter medium can be obtained by using a porous nonwoven fabric as the core layer.

A high shrinkage of at least 10% relative to the unshrinked material results in a dense crepe consisting of pleats that are close together. This structure has a visually "closed" structure and is advantageous if the material is used for thermal insulation. Moreover, the closed material has high absorption capacity and can be processed into shoe insoles, cosmetic and cleaning materials, etc.

Both open and closed pleated structures can be used as core layers in lightweight construction boards after impregnation with a suitable resin.

Multilayer crimp fabrics are manufactured on conventional textile machines, such as weft Raschel knitting machines, where a smooth, unpleated material is first created with a nonwoven, woven or knitted core layer. The core layer is provided with an upper layer consisting of parallel weft yarns running across the fabric, a lower layer consisting of parallel warp yarns running in the direction of the fabric, and in some cases so-called "fixed yarns". Using the knitting method, the warp threads pass through the core layer in a loop shape and are guided around the weft threads in the upper layer. The zero-order contraction of the weft and/or warp yarns thus creates a strong bond point connecting all three layers to each other at the intersection of the warp and weft yarns, resulting in a crepe or pleated structure.

The shrinkable thread system, ie the coco and/or warp thread system, must consist at least partially of shrinkable threads, in which case the shrinkage is at least 5%. Optimal results are obtained with a shrinkage of at least 10%. The shrinking process shrinks the smooth, unpleated material to form pleats.

Suitable shrink yarns are filament yarns and spun yarns. Add linear contraction to this. Shrinkage can be achieved by hot air, hot water, liquid or vaporized organic solvents, and the like. Shrunken threads are known per se and are commercially available. Shrunken threads consist of polyacrylonitrile, polyester or polyvinyl chloride, for example. It is possible in principle to use all types of fibers which shrink by at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, relative to their original length under the action of the shrinkage-generating treatment.

The multilayer shrunk fabric obtained after shrinkage has different pleat structures, depending on whether only the weft or warp threads or both have been shrunk, and depending on the degree of shrinkage and the mutual spacing of the shrinkable threads. The size and geometry of the pleats or crepes thus vary according to the field of use.

Since the warp and weft threads are attached to each other at their intersections and at the same time to the fiber material of the core layer, a rectangular surface is created during the shrinkage process, between which shrinkage occurs. When the warp and weft threads contract in the same way, this surface consists of rectangles of the same shape,
If the weft and warp threads are not of the same shape, they will consist of different rectangles.

If only the weft threads are contracted, continuous longitudinal folds will be produced, the shape and dimensions of which will depend on the degree of shrinkage. On the other hand, only the warp threads are contracted,
If a non-shrinkable weft yarn is used, a corresponding transverse pleat will be obtained. Usually a material is chosen that has continuous longitudinal pleats, i.e. the weft yarn shrinks and the warp yarn does not or only slightly shrinks. .

If both the warp and weft threads are contractible, the rectangles formed by their intersections transform into separate bulges or bulges as they contract. This results in a non-uniform crepe which, when used as a thermal insulation material, provides voids in addition to the normal fold structure, resulting in a high degree of insulation.

The spacing between the warp and weft threads is variable. The minimum spacing is determined by the construction of the knitting machine, ie the so-called "stitch count"; likewise, the minimum spacing between individual weft threads is also specified by the construction of the machine.

The upper limit for the spacing between the warp or weft threads depends solely on the desired properties of the finished shrunken product. Also, the spacing between the warp threads and the coco threads can be freely selected. The spacing can be equal to each other or irregular. You can also arrange the warp and weft threads in a geometric pattern.

The size and arrangement of the crepe is generally a result of the arrangement and contraction of the warp and weft threads. However, the material of the core layer is also important. Preferably, the core layer consists of a non-woven fabric; the thinner and more flexible the non-woven fabric, the easier it is to crepe or pleat, producing very fine pleats that are evenly spaced, e.g. only 1 inch apart. In this case, it is preferable to use a very light and thin nonwoven fabric with an area weight of less than 60 g/nf.

Of course, it is only possible to remove wide folds from thick and heavy non-woven fabrics.

When using a multilayer shrink fabric as a core layer for lightweight construction or board materials, it is desirable to use a thick nonwoven fabric with little or no compressibility as the core layer. The distance between the fixing points is at least twice the thickness of the nonwoven fabric. If the nonwoven fabric is slightly compressible, this minimum pleat width can be reduced somewhat.

〔Example〕

The following is a cross-sectional view of a multilayer shrunk fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shows an unshrinkable fiber material in which a weft layer 2 and a lower warp yarn 3 are arranged on a core layer 1. The warp yarns have strong bonding points at their intersections. Form.

Figure 2 shows the fabric of Figure 1 shrunk, with the weft 2 being about 5%
It's shrinking. This results in an "open" fold structure with a wide arc structure.

FIG. 3 shows a shrink fabric in which the weft yarns have shrunk by at least 10%, resulting in closely standing "closed" pleats. FIGS. 1 to 3 are cross-sectional views transverse to the cloth traveling direction.

The following examples show the relationship between the production and properties of the new material or the field of application and the degree of shrinkage, the spacing between the weft and warp threads, and the thickness of the nonwoven fabric used as the core layer, each using a shrinkable weft thread. . Shrinking is done using boiling water.

Example 1 Structure: Upper layer (weft yarn): Nm20/1, polyvinyl chloride yarn Middle layer: non-woven fabric 40g/rd 100% polyester sill, dtexl, 7/38gt-tight, thermal bond lower layer: polyamide 66, dtex44, filament The table below shows that unshrinked material (IA) is available in three different degrees of shrinkage for finished products (
The properties of IB, IC and 10) are shown.

The slightly shrunken type IB is highly breathable - approximately 50
% - Excellently suitable as air filter, IC type and ID
Due to its closed structure and low air permeability, the mold provides an excellent insulating material, for example as a filler in anoraks and other clothing.

Example 2 Structure: Upper layer (weft yarn): Nm20/1, polyvinyl chloride yarn Middle layer: non-woven fabric 40g/rrf, 100% polyester silk, thermal bond lower layer: polyamide 66, dtex44, filament 2
Type A did not contract, and type 2B contracted.

Table 2 Significant improvement in filtration properties appears at half the differential pressure and about twice the degree of precipitation.

〔effect〕

According to the multilayer shrink-processed fabric based on the present invention, a processed fabric with excellent air permeability or liquid permeability and excellent thermal insulation is provided.

Furthermore, the multilayer shrink fabric according to the present invention has excellent tear strength and is resistant to abuse. Furthermore, the multilayer contracted structure according to the present invention is easy to manufacture and can be easily applied in many ways, making it economical.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the multilayer crimp fabric of the present invention, unshrunk and FIGS. 2 and 3 shrunken. 1...Core layer 2...Upper layer (horizontal thread) 3...Lower layer (warp thread) Applicant's agent: Kado Furuya, Takashi Mizobe Production volume: Satoshi Furuya

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a multilayer crimp fabric with improved bulk and breathability: a core layer (1) consisting of a non-woven, woven or knitted fabric;
, an upper layer (2) consisting of parallel weft yarns disposed thereon, a "fixed yarn" as the case may be, and a lower layer (3) consisting of warp yarns; (
1) and surrounds the weft threads of the upper layer (2) in a loop to form a fixed bonding point at the intersection; the weft threads and/or warp threads have contracted by at least 5%; A multilayer shrunk fabric characterized in that (1) is shrunk as a shrunk pleat structure. 2. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the weft and/or warp yarns have been contracted by at least 10%. 3. The cloth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that only the weft yarn is shrunk. 4. The cloth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that only the warp threads are contracted. 5. Use of a multilayer crimp fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as a medium for air or liquid filtration. 6. Use of the multilayer crimp fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as a cold or thermal insulation material.