JPH02254679A - System for recording and reproducing information - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To record and reproduce data without causing the delay of a data transfer even when plural defective sectors exist by providing a means to temporarily store the data, a means to store the position information of the defective sector and a means to store the position information of an alternate source sector. CONSTITUTION:To a recording medium, the fixed number of alternate sectors are provided for each data area in which a recording unit sector composed of data and additional information to indicate the condition of the data is composed of a definite number, and a buffer memory 72 to store the data, a defective sector position information storage part 75 to store the position information of the defective sector and an alternate source position information storage part 76 to store the position information of the alternate source of the alternate sector are provided in a recording and reproducing device 78. For example, for a data format, one block is composed of a data area 1 composed of the definite number of recording sectors and an alternate area 2 composed of plural recording sectors to execute the alternate recording of the defective sector at the data area 1. Thus, even when plural defective sectors exist, without causing the delay of the data transfer, the data can be recorded and reproduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for recording and reproducing information on a recording medium, and in particular, in a recording apparatus using a recording medium such as an optical disk,
The present invention relates to an information recording and reproducing method that efficiently reproduces recorded data including alternative processing when there are multiple defective sectors.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in a disk recording device, an information recording/reproducing method for a data area including a bad sector has been disclosed, for example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1986-
There is a method described in Publication No. 69070. This method records data in each sector, and if a sector is recognized as a bad sector, the data in the sector is recorded in a pre-prepared alternative sector. Then, store the location information of the defective sector and the alternative sector that replaced its data in the location information storage unit.0 When reproducing this data area, read out the bad sector by referring to the location information storage unit. It is possible to identify a bad sector and to know the location information of a replacement sector for the bad sector without any trouble. That is, by directly accessing a substitute sector without accessing a bad sector in the data area, there is no delay in data reproduction even if there are a plurality of bad sectors.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the above conventional technology, when transferring data in sectors A to F of a data area as shown in FIG.
Directly seek alternative sectors of B/ and B/ without reading directly. In other words, the address of the drive is A-B'
→C→D→l' -F and read the data.

Therefore, if there is a bad sector, seek is performed from the normal data area to the alternative area, and after processing of the alternative sector is completed, the data area is sought again. This operation is repeated every time there is a bad sector, so if there are multiple bad sectors, seeking between the normal data area and the alternative area is repeated many times, causing a delay in data transfer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording and reproducing method that can record and reproduce data even if there are a plurality of defective sectors without causing a delay in data transfer due to repeating a seek. .

[Means to solve the problem]

The above purpose is to provide a fixed number of alternative sectors in a recording medium for each data area, which consists of a fixed number of recording unit sectors consisting of data and additional information indicating the state of the data, and to store data in a recording/reproducing device. This is achieved by providing a replacement buffer memory, a bad sector location information storage section that stores location information of a bad sector, and a replacement source location information storage section that stores replacement source location information of a replacement sector.

[Effect]

Since data is transferred after storing data in the data buffer memory, even if a bad sector is found during data read, the erroneous data in the bad sector is first stored in the data buffer memory and alternative processing is performed. 0 This eliminates the need to perform alternative processing every time a bad sector is found, so there is no delay in data transfer due to repeated seeks.Also, when a bad sector is found, it is replaced with the correct data. Position information indicating which sector of the data area to be read is stored in a bad sector position information storage section in the internal memory. As a result, instead of seeking the alternative sectors corresponding to the bad sector one by one, it is possible to seek to the beginning of the alternative area and sequentially compare the bad sector position information and the alternative area position information to perform correct alternative processing. The number of seeks for alternative sectors is reduced, and data transfer delays can be prevented.

Furthermore, even if the substitution process cannot be completed in one go because the data is written randomly regardless of sector order and is round, the substitution source information is stored in the substitution source location information storage section in the internal memory during the first substitution process. If the replacement area is read out again, correct replacement processing can be performed. That is, in the worst case, it is only necessary to seek the spare area twice, so that delays in data transfer can be suppressed.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 7 is a system block diagram of the information recording and reproducing method according to the present invention.

The information recording and reproducing system 7B includes a drive section 71 consisting of a recording medium such as an optical disk and a drive, a data buffer memory 72 and an internal memory 77 for storing data, and a controller 74.

This system transfers data between each block under the control of a controller 74. Data transfer between the host 75 that performs external control and the information recording and reproducing system 78 is also controlled by the controller 74. The internal memory 77 stores the location information of the bad sector if there is a bad sector. It includes a defective sector location information storage section 75 and a replacement source location information storage section 76 that stores location information of the replacement destination of the replacement sector in the replacement area.

FIG. 8 is an example of a data format of a recording medium according to the present invention.

The recording medium 83 includes a data area 81 and an alternative area 82 for replacing data in a defective sector as one block, and the blocks are arranged sequentially.

FIG. 1 is a data format showing one embodiment of the present invention.

The data format shown in the figure consists of a data area 1 consisting of a fixed number of recording sectors, and an alternative area 2 consisting of a plurality of recording sectors for performing alternative recording of defective sectors in data area 1. consists of two blocks. These blocks are sequentially arranged on the recording medium. Also,
Each recording sector consists of a data section 11 and a control word 1.
It is made up of 2. Furthermore, the control word 12 indicates the trough number 0 in the medium to which the sector belongs.
6-byte self-logical ID indicating a series of logical addresses starting with sector number 0 as logical address 013% 5-byte prediction indicating the track number and sector number of the expected replacement destination if the sector is a bad sector. Alternative destination physical ID 14, 3-byte alternate destination ID 15 indicating the original track number and sector number of data recorded in the alternative destination,
A 1-byte substitution count value 16 indicating the number of substitution processes, a 2-byte EC completed with only a control word.
Consists of C17.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of data writing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The second factor is an example of the arrangement of data stored in the bad sector location information storage section 75 and the replacement source location information storage section 76. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an information recording and reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Below, according to FIGS. 2, 5, and 7, data writing operations according to an embodiment of the present invention ◇ First, in step 100, a routine is started after predetermined initial conditions are set. Next, step 101
Then, the data to be written from the host 73 is stored in the data buffer memory 72, and in step 102, seek is performed to the target sector in the data area on the medium.

Next, in step 103, one sector worth of data is written to the medium. In step 104, it is determined whether all the data to be written in the data buffer memory has been written to the medium and is round.

When all the data to be written has been written, the process advances to step 105, and if there is data that has not been written yet, the process returns to step 103.In step 105, the first sector ( Seek to the data buffer (in which the first data of the memory is recorded) and proceed to step 106.

Next, in step 106, the written data and the data stored in the data buffer memory 72 are verified in units of sectors. As a result, step 107
If the sector is recognized as not being a bad sector, the process proceeds to step 109; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 108. In step 108, the location information of the bad sector is stored in the bad sector location information storage section 75.

In this embodiment, data area 1 in FIG. 1 is committed, and bad sectors 5. 4. 5. When 6 is found, the location axis of these bad sectors (for example, the first sector of the data area where writing is performed is O, and the following is sequentially 1, 2, 5, 4, etc. for each sector.
.) is stored in the bad sector location information storage section 75. For example, the sector position numbers of the nine bad sectors 5.4 and 5.6 shown in FIG. 1 are 2 and 5.6, respectively. 8. If it is 9, then Figure 2 (a
) is stored as in the example of the bad sector location information storage unit 75.

Note that the remaining portion of the bad sector location information storage section 75 stores a numerical value (rF" (hexadecimal number) in this embodiment) that can be easily distinguished from the sector location number.

After storing the location information in the bad sector location information storage section 75, the process proceeds to step 109, where it is determined whether verification of all sectors has been completed. If all sectors have not been completed, the process returns to step 106, and if it has been completed, the process proceeds to step 110.

In step 110, it is determined whether or not there is a defective sector as a result of the verification (based on the self-response of the defective sector location information storage section 75). If there is no defective sector, the process advances to step 115 and the data write operation ends. If there is a bad sector, the process advances to step 111 and seeks to an alternative area.

Next, in step 112, the bad sector location information storage unit 75 is referred to, and the data that was originally supposed to be written in the bad sector is extracted from the data buffer memory 72, and in step 115, the data is transferred to an alternative sector. It's crowded. Next, in step 114, it is determined whether or not the alternative processing for all the bad sectors stored in the bad sector location information storage unit 75 has been completed.If all the alternative processing has been completed, the process proceeds to step 115, where the data End the write operation. If there is an unprocessed bad sector, return to step 112 and repeat steps 112 to 1.
Repeat step 14. When writing data to data j11 in this embodiment, it must be noted that the bad sector in data area 1 is not the bad sector 5. as described above. 4. 5. 6, if you pledge all data area 1 at once,
The order of bad sectors written to the alternative area is bad sectors 3, 4, 5.6, but for example, data area 1
Divide into three parts α*/'or shown in Figure 1, and β
When five areas are omitted in the order of , α, and r, the order of bad sectors to be transferred to the replacement area is 5, 5, 4.6.

As described above, according to the embodiments of the present invention, even if there are multiple bad sectors in the data area, by storing the position information of the bad sectors, after writing and verifying the data area, multiple Alternative processing for bad sectors can be done with one seek, so data area 1 and alternative area 2
There is no delay in data transfer due to repeated seek K.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a data read operation showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a memory map of the data buffer memory 72.

The read operation of one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6, 2, 3, and 7.

In step 200, preparations are made for a read operation, and in step 201, target sector data on the medium is read. Next, in step 202, data for one sector is read out. In step 205, it is determined whether or not there is an error in the sector data. If there is no error, the process proceeds to step 205, and the error! In the case of 1 shi,
Proceed to step 204. In step 204, the position information of the defective sector, in this embodiment, the nine-digit number (hereinafter referred to as position information) of each sector is sequentially written from the first sector of the read data area in the same way as when writing data. Storing in the defective sector location information storage section 75 Next, in step 205, it is determined whether the reading operation of the number of sectors that can be stored in the data buffer memory has been completed. If the read operation has been completed, the process advances to step 206; if it has not yet been completed, the process returns to step 202.The read data is stored in the data buffer memory 72 as shown in FIG. Data buffer memory 7
2, the hatched portion in FIG. 5 is a defective sector, and therefore incorrect data is stored therein. Therefore, normal data is stored in the shaded area in FIG. 5 through alternative processing.

Next, in step 206, it is determined whether there is a bad sector. If there is no defective sector, the process advances to step 220 and the data read operation ends. If there is a bad sector, the process advances to step 207 and seeks to the beginning of the alternative area.

However, if the data area to be read is up to the sector immediately before the alternative area 2, the alternative area can be read continuously, so seeking the alternative area in step 207 may not be necessary. In the next step 208 to step 219, Alternative processing is performed using W4 as shown below.

First, the head position information of the defective sector position information storage section 75 is checked and the address of the data buffer memory 72 shown in FIG. 5 is set. The buffer memory address is
The sector position number is determined by υ.

For example, when the sector position number is 0, the buffer memory address is 0, and when the sector position gt code is 1, the buffer memory address is 200H (hexadecimal). wife),
When the sector position number is 0, the address is 0, and each time the sector position number increases by 1, the address is increased by 200H (hexadecimal number). However, the size of one sector in this example is 5
It is 12 bytes (200 in hexadecimal).

Next, in step 208, data in the first sector of the alternative area is read into the set address of the buffer memory. In step 209, from the alternative source ID 15 of the control word 12 in the sector data,
The location information of the replacement source is obtained, and the location information is compared with the top location information of the bad sector information storage section 75. As a result, when the position information of both matches, it is determined that the alternative processing is OK and the process proceeds to step 210, where the head position information of the bad sector information storage section 75 is cleared (for example, the data ``F F''
(write hexadecimal number)). If there is no match in the position information comparison in step 209, the process advances to step 211. Further, even if the position information matches in step 209 and the process proceeds to step 210, the process proceeds to step 211 after step 210 is completed.

In step 211, the replacement source position information obtained in step 2[]9 is stored in the replacement source position information storage section 76.

Next, the process proceeds to step 212, where it is determined whether all alternative sectors have been checked. When all alternative sectors have been checked, the process advances to step 213. If the certain alternative sector check has not yet been completed, the process returns to step 208. In steps 208-211,
It is the n-th alternative sector that is compared with the location information in the n-th bad sector location information storage section 75.

Next, in step 211, it is determined whether the replacement process for the bad sector has been completed, that is, whether the bad sector location information storage unit 75 has been cleared (all 'FF' (16X number)). If all of the location information storage section 75 has been cleared, it is assumed that all alternative processing has been completed, and the process proceeds to step 220, where the data reading operation ends. If there is, the process advances to step 214 for second alternative processing.

Examples of the defective sector location information storage unit 75 and the replacement source location information storage unit 76 in the case of the above two transfers are shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b).
) are shown respectively.

As shown in Figure 2(a), when the location information of one bad sector and the replacement source location information match, the replacement process is completed in one time.On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2(b), if the location information of one bad sector If the location information of the replacement source and the location information of the replacement source do not match, data of other sectors is read into the shaded areas 5, 4, 5.6 of the data buffer memory 72 in FIG. 3. Therefore, in order to read the correct data, Then, perform the alternative processing again.

The second alternative process is performed as follows ◎Step 2
14, with reference to the alternative source position information storage section 76,
The arrangement of location information in the bad sector location information storage section 75 is rearranged. That is, taking FIG. 2(b) as an example, position information 2. 3. 8. 9
8, 9, 2.
Rearrange in the order of 5〇Next, in step 215, the physical address of the medium for the second alternate area read is reset.

Next, in step 216, the target sector on the medium set in step 215 is sought. Next, in step 217, the address of the Boolean buffer memory 72 is set based on the position information of the defective sector position information storage section 75.

At this time, the address of the buffer memory 72 is
In step 14, since the arrangement of the defective sector position information storage section 75 matches the arrangement of the alternative sector in the alternative area, the correct address corresponds to the alternative sector to be read. Therefore, correct alternative processing is always performed.

Next, in step 218, the number of the bad sector for which the replacement process has been completed is erased from the bad sector location information storage unit 75 ("FF" (16 antilog) is written instead). Next, the process advances to step 219, and it is determined whether the replacement processing for all the bad sectors stored in the bad sector location information storage section 75 has been completed. If the result of step 219 is that the alternative processing has been completed, the process proceeds to step 220, where the data reading operation is completed, and if the alternative processing has not yet been completed, the process proceeds to step 217.

return.

As mentioned above, according to the present embodiment, even if there are a plurality of bad sectors, by providing the data buffer memory 72 and the bad sector position information storage section 75, each time there is a p1 bad sector, an alternative area is provided. It is no longer necessary to seek υ, and delays in data transfer due to seek return K can be prevented. Also, since the data area is divided into several blocks when recording, the alternative area Even if the replacement sectors are not arranged in descending order of replacement source sector addresses, a replacement source location information storage section 76 is provided to store replacement source location information of the replacement sectors during replacement processing. Even in this case, normal replacement processing can be performed by reading the replacement area twice.

In this embodiment, processing is performed on the assumption that the alternative sector is not a bad sector, but if the alternative sector is a bad sector, a second alternative sector is provided for the alternative sector to obtain the same effect as in this embodiment. Obtainable.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, even if there are multiple bad sectors,
The location information of the bad sector is memorized, and the data, including the data of the bad sector, is stored in a data buffer memo') II
After C memorization and reading of the data area is completed, it is possible to seek an alternative area and perform alternative processing for multiple bad sectors, so there is no need to seek again the alternative area and data area even if the area goes bankrupt, and the average data transfer is lower than before. You can increase the speed.

In addition, since the replacement source position information of the replacement sector is memorized while reading the replacement area, even if the first replacement processing is not performed correctly, the correct replacement processing cannot be performed the second time the replacement area is read. Ru.

As a result, the alternative sector of the alternative area is set to the alternative origin ttw
Even when the numbers are not arranged in ascending order, the average data transfer speed can be increased compared to the conventional method because the number of times the substitute area is retried is small (2 times for #L).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a data format explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the storage unit during alternative processing in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a memory map showing the contents of the data storage unit of one embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cheater force for explaining a conventional alternative method. FIG. 5 is an illustration of an alternative processing method of an embodiment of the present invention. 6th flowchart for writing data shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the system configuration of the information recording/reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a format explanation showing the storage medium. It is a diagram. 1...Data area, 2...Alternative area, 5,4,5゜6...Bad sector, 7,8,9.10...Alternative sector, 11...Data section, 12...・Control word, 15・°°Self logical ID of current sector, 14...
Expected replacement ID, 15...Alternative ID, 16...
Alternative count value, 17...FCC completed with only control word, 18, 19, 20, 21... Bad sector location information, 22.23, 24.25... Alternative source location information, 71... Drive, 72... Data buffer memory, 75... Host, 74... Controller, 7
5... Bad sector position information storage section, 76... Alternative source location information storage section, 77... Internal memory, 78... Information recording and reproducing system, 81... Data area, 82...
- Alternative area, 83... Information recording medium.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Information recording that performs recording and reproduction on a recording medium that has recording tracks and each track is divided into sectors that are a plurality of preset recording units. An information recording and reproducing method comprising: means for temporarily storing data; means for storing positional information of a defective sector; and means for storing positional information of a replacement source sector. 2. A fixed number of alternative sectors are provided on the recording medium for each data area that is composed of a fixed number of recording unit sectors consisting of data and additional information indicating the state of the data, and a buffer for storing the data is provided on the recording/reproducing device. memory and
An information recording/reproducing method comprising: a bad sector location information storage unit that stores location information of a bad sector; and a replacement source location information storage unit that stores location information of a replacement source of a replacement sector. 3. The information recording and reproducing method according to claim 2, wherein the additional information indicating the state of the data includes location information of the replacement source. 4. In an information recording and reproducing method that records and reproduces data on a recording medium that has recording tracks and each track is divided into sectors that are a plurality of preset recording units. It has a means for temporarily storing data, a means for storing positional information of a defective sector, and a means for storing positional information of a replacement source sector, and the means for temporarily storing data is a means for storing positional information of a plurality of sectors. 1. An information recording/reproducing method, characterized in that the information recording/reproducing method has a capacity capable of storing data, and is configured to perform replacement processing for defective sector data with respect to data in a plurality of sectors stored in the recording means. 5. When writing or reading data to a recording medium in which the data recording area is divided into multiple sectors, the written data or read data is temporarily stored and held using a buffer memory, and the data is stored in the recording medium. If a bad sector is found while writing or reading data to, the location information of the bad sector is memorized,
An information recording and reproducing method characterized in that alternative processing is collectively executed for bad sector data held in the buffer memory using the position information.