JPH02252909A - Opposed piston rotary type sleeve valve internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain high output with a simple structure by opposedly fitting a pair of pistons in the inside of a rotary cylinder valve which has been rotatably fitted in the inside of a cylinder block, and by forming an intake port and an exhaust port in the intermediate position between both pistons in the cylinder block. CONSTITUTION:In the axial central part of a cylindrical cylinder block 1 to each end of which a crankcase 2 is fitted, an intake port 7 and an exhaust port 8 are formed. In the inside of this cylinder block 1, a cylindrical rotary cylinder valve 4 is rotatably fitted. The rotary cylinder valve 4 is turned via bevel gear trains 22, 5 in interlock with the rotation of the crankshafts 20 inside respective crankcases 2. And a piston 26 is connected to the pin 21 of each crankshaft 20 via a connecting rod 24, and a pair of pistons 26 are synchronously reciprocated. Further, in the up and down positions on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder block 1 with the intake port 7 and the exhaust port 8 between, gas seal mechanisms 9 in each of which two rows of seal rings are arranged in parallel is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to internal combustion engines. More specifically, the present invention relates to an opposed piston type rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine having a rotary sleeve valve mechanism for intake and exhaust of fuel, in which pistons are disposed opposite each other.

[Prior Art] An internal combustion engine with a reciprocating piston sucks a mixed gas of fuel and air into a cylinder chamber through an intake valve, and after explosive combustion occurs in the cylinder chamber, exhausts the combustion gas through an exhaust valve. Valve mechanisms for supplying and exhausting air are roughly classified into three types: mushroom valve mechanisms, sleeve valve mechanisms, and rotary valve mechanisms. Mushroom valve mechanisms are widely used in internal combustion engines and usually consist of a valve device and a drive device. A valve device includes a cam that controls the opening and closing of the valve, a transmission mechanism that transmits the movement of the cam, and an opening and closing mechanism that converts the movement of the valve into the opening and closing movement of the valve. This drive device is a mechanism that drives the camshaft in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft.

Current mushroom valve devices are based on engine performance characteristics, combustion chamber shape,
Several types of mechanisms are commercially adopted depending on serviceability, manufacturing cost, etc. They are broadly divided into the side valve type, which is mainly used in general-purpose engines, and the overhead valve type, which is used in automobile engines. Further, drive devices include gear drive, chain drive, and toothed belt drive. In the sleeve valve mechanism, a sleeve is fitted onto the inner surface of a cylinder, and the sleeve is moved up and down or rotated to open and close intake and exhaust ports.

A rotary valve is a mechanism in which a rotor is provided in a part of an intake/exhaust passage or a combustion chamber, and the rotor is rotated to communicate with an intake/exhaust port. A rotary sleeve valve among sleeve valves opens and closes the intake and exhaust ports by rotating the sleeve.
It is described in Publication No. 704, etc. Those using these sleeve valves have the following advantages: the valve hole area can be increased, so the ventilation efficiency for intake and exhaust is good, the valve mechanism is relatively simple, and there is little noise.

However, due to the difficulty of maintaining airtightness between the sleeve and cylinder block, the difficulty of lubricating the rotating contact surfaces, and friction loss, it is not currently put into practical use except for special purposes.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The sleeve valve types described above are all types having one piston, and there is a limit to improving the compression ratio. -Finally, it is known that increasing the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine improves engine efficiency. Furthermore, the above-mentioned sleeve valve type internal combustion engine is a past technology, and the seal technology level at the time of development had the problem that gas leak prevention and lubrication technology were incomplete and the compression ratio could not be increased very much.

An object of the present invention is to provide an opposed-piston rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine that can increase the compression ratio with a small-capacity cylinder block.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an opposed piston rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine with high air supply and exhaust efficiency.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an opposed piston type rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine in which the sealing effect of the sleeve valve is improved.

[Means for solving the above problems] In order to solve the above problem, the following measures are taken.

In a sleeve valve internal combustion engine consisting of a cylinder block, a rotary cylinder valve, two pistons, two crankshafts, etc., a. b. The rotary cylinder valve is rotatably supported within the cylinder block and has a cylindrical space at the center, and C9 has an opening at an intermediate position of the rotary cylinder valve, and d. , gears are provided at both ends of the rotary cylinder valve; e. the two pistons are slidably inserted into the rotary cylinder valve so as to face each other with the opening in between; f) the two pistons are provided with gears; An opposed piston type rotary sleeve comprising: the two crankshafts rotatably provided on the two connected connecting rods; g. a crank gear provided on the two crankshafts and meshing with the gear. It is a valve internal combustion engine.

A seal ring is interposed between the cylinder block and the rotary cylinder valve to provide a gas seal, and a seal ring is arranged annularly around the opening to seal the suction hole and the exhaust hole. Then it is still more effective.

] The starter rotates the crankshaft. When both pistons move toward the bottom dead center, that is, when they move away from each other, the opening of the rotary cylinder valve coincides with the suction hole, and the mixed gas is sucked through this opening.

At this time, since the crank gear of the crankshaft is driving both ends of the rotary cylinder valve, the timing is adjusted so that the opening and the suction hole coincide. Both pistons again move toward top dead center, ie close together, compressing the mixed gas. Just before both pistons reach top dead center,
The opening is located at the position of the spark plug, ignites the compressed mixed gas, and after the piston reaches top dead center, it is combusted and expanded.

The piston is pushed by the combustion gas and moves, driving the crankshaft. Both pistons rise again, the opening and the exhaust hole communicate with each other, and exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust hole to the outside of the engine. Repeat this operation thereafter.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

What is shown in FIG. 1 is an embodiment in which two pistons are provided facing each other within one rotary cylinder valve. The cylinder block 1 is a cylindrical case with a hollow interior.
It is made of cast metal, which is a normal engine material. A crankcase 2 is detachably attached to both ends of the cylinder block 1 with bolts 3. The crankcase 2 has a crankshaft 20 built therein.

Although the crankcase 2 in this example is made separately from the cylinder block 1, it may be made by integrally casting like a known cylinder block.

A cylindrical rotary cylinder valve 4 is rotatably inserted into the cylinder block 1 .

At both ends of the rotary cylinder valve 4 are bevel gears 5.
5 is integrally provided. However, bevel gear 5.5 is
It is also possible to make them separately and then assemble them after cutting the gears.

An oval-shaped opening 6 is provided in the center of the rotary cylinder valve 4.

The cylinder block 1 is provided with an intake hole 7 and an exhaust hole 8. Suction hole7. The opening position of the exhaust hole 8 is provided to be synchronized with the opening 6 so as to match the intake, compression, expansion, and exhaust cycles of the engine. A gas seal mechanism 9 in which seal rings are arranged in two parallel stages above and below the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block 1, sandwiching the suction hole 7 and the exhaust hole 8.
9 is the setting. This gas seal mechanism 9.9 strictly seals the compressed mixed gas so that it does not leak, and is preferably one that can withstand high temperatures and high pressures and is wear resistant as much as possible. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the gas seal mechanism 9 in the section ``■'' in FIG.

The seal ring 10 is an annular tapered face seal, and has a tapered tip. An O-ring 12 is inserted into a groove on the side surface of the seal ring 10. The seal ring 10 and the O-ring 12 are inserted into a ring 7sll in the cylinder block 1. A wavy leaf spring 13 is inserted into the bottom of the ring 11, and always pushes the seal ring 10 from the bottom toward the outer peripheral surface 19 of the rotary cylinder valve 4.

A cavity is formed between the rotary cylinder valve 4 and the cylinder block 1, and this cavity is a cooling chamber 16 for cooling the rotary cylinder valve 4. This cooling chamber 16
Cooling water is added to cool the outer periphery of the rotary cylinder valve 4. Furthermore, an O-ring 17.17 is installed between the upper and lower ends of the rotary cylinder valve 4 and the cylinder block 1.
is the provision. This O-ring 17.17 is mainly for preventing leakage of cooling water. Note that in this example, 0
Ring 17.17, but other known sealing means may also be used.

A spark plug 14 is screwed into the cylinder block between the gas seal mechanisms 9.9. The spark plug 14 ignites the mixed gas through the opening 6. Furthermore,
Both ends of the rotary cylinder valve 4 are rotatably supported by bearings 18. The bearing 18 is heat resistant,
Select a corrosion-resistant material and use a bearing that can withstand loads in the thrust direction. The crankshaft 20.20 is supported by bearings 23 on both ends of the crankcase 2.

A crank gear 22 is provided integrally or separately at one end of the crankshaft 20.20. crank gear 22.22
are bevel gears that mesh with bevel gears 5.5 at both ends of the rotary cylinder 4. crank gear 22.2
2 outputs power and simultaneously drives the rotary cylinder valve 4. The ratio of the number of teeth between the crank gear 22.22 and the bevel gear 5.5 is 1:2. crank gear 2
2.22 is two rotations, whereas bevel gear 5.5 is one rotation.

One end of a connecting rod 24 is rotatably provided in the pin 21 of the crankshaft 20. A piston pin 25 is inserted into the other end of the connecting rod 24, and both ends of the piston pin 25 are fixed to a piston 26. The piston 26 has a structure that has been used in conventionally known four-stroke engines, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. A pressure ring 27, 27 and an oil ring 28 are fitted into the grooves on the outer periphery of the piston 26, respectively.

The figures shown in FIGS. 3(a), (b), (C), and (d) show the structure and shape of the opening 6 of the rotary cylinder valve 4 and the seal ring 30 of the opening 6.

FIG. 3(a) shows the opening 6 of the rotary cylinder valve 4.
FIG. 2 is a diagram cut in a direction perpendicular to the axis.

FIG. 3(b) is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3(a), that is, from the inner hole. Figure 3(C) is the same as Figure 3(a).
) is a view seen from the arrow c, that is, from the outside. Figure 3 (
d) is a dd sectional view of FIG. 3(c).

As can be understood from the figure, the opening 6 has an elongated inner hole in the rotary cylinder valve 4, and a circular outlet. If the inner hole is made circular, the opening 6 in the direction of movement of the piston 26 becomes larger, resulting in a lower compression ratio. That is, the piston ring 2 of the piston 26
7 is because gas leakage occurs when compressed beyond the opening 6.

A seal ring 30 is disposed at a circumferential position of the opening 6 on the outer peripheral surface 19 of the rotary cylinder valve 4 . The seal ring 30 has an annular shape and a cylindrical curved surface along the outer circumferential surface 19 of the rotary cylinder valve 4 . A ring groove 31 is formed around the circumference of the opening 6 on the outer peripheral surface 19. A seal ring 30 is inserted into the ring groove 31. The ring groove 31 communicates with an oil supply path 32.

On the other hand, the oil ring groove 32 communicates with an oil discharge path 33. The oil supply path 32 and the oil discharge path 33 are provided with holes in the axial direction of the rotary cylinder valve 4.
It communicates with the inside of crankcase 2. The crankcase 2 is filled with engine oil, and as the rotary cylinder valve 4 rotates, oil is supplied from the oil intake port 34, and excess oil that has filled the ring groove 31 is passed through the oil discharge path 33. It is returned to crankcase 2. Note that the oil intake port 34 faces in the direction in which the rotary cylinder valve 4 is connected to facilitate the intake of oil.

On the other hand, the oil ring 30 has a roughly rectangular cross section and has oil through holes 35 at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery. The oil through hole 35 is configured to allow oil to seep out from the bottom surface of the ring groove 31 to the outer surface of the seal ring 30. The oil that seeps out to the surface fills the oil groove provided on the surface of the seal ring 30. Seal ring 3
Similarly, an oil groove is provided on the bottom surface of the 0, and the oil is configured to flow between the oil through holes 35.

Further, a leaf spring 36 is inserted between the bottom surface of the ring groove 31 and the bottom surface of the seal ring 30, and constantly pushes the seal ring 30 outward.

The seal ring 30 is pressed against the inner peripheral wall surface of the rotary cylinder valve 4 to maintain airtightness.

What is shown in FIG. 4 is a developed view showing the shape of the suction hole 7 provided in the cylinder block 1. As shown in FIG. Below the height of the suction hole 7 (
(as shown) is approximately the same size as the diameter of the opening 6. A semicircular protrusion 37 having the same diameter as the opening 6 protrudes from both sides of the suction hole 7 in the circumferential direction.

First, the annular opening 6 communicates with the suction hole 7 over a semicircumference, so suction efficiency is good. The exhaust hole has a similar shape, and a description thereof will be omitted.

An engine having a structure of 1-1 or more operates as follows. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the cross section taken from Figure 1 ■-■.
The explanation will be centered on this figure and FIG. 1. Either crankshaft 20 is rotationally driven by a starter (not shown). When both pistons 26 move toward the bottom dead center, that is, when they move away from each other, the opening 6 and the suction hole 7 coincide, and the mixed gas is sucked through the opening 6. Mixed gas A is supplied from a known vaporizer (not shown).

The amount of intake air in this intake cycle reaches its maximum amount in the middle of the overlap between the opening 6 and the suction hole 7, decreases as the overlap approaches the end, and when the overlap ends, the intake also ends.

At this time, the crank gears 22 and 22 of the crankshaft 20 are driving both ends of the rotary cylinder valve 4, so
The timing is adjusted so that the opening 6 and the suction hole 7 coincide. Both pistons 26.26 move towards top dead center again, ie close together to compress the gas mixture.

Immediately before both pistons 26.26 reach the top dead center, the opening 6 is located at the position of the spark plug 14, and the compressed mixed gas is ignited, and after the pistons 26.26 reach the top dead center, it is combusted and expanded.

The pistons 26.26 are moved by the combustion gas and drive the crankshaft 20. Both pistons 26, 26 rise again, the opening 6 and the exhaust hole 8 communicate with each other, and exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust hole 8 to the outside of the engine. Repeat this operation thereafter.

In this embodiment, the compression ratio is approximately twice that of the one-piston type, so a high-performance engine can be realized. In addition, this embodiment eliminates the need for valves in the intake and exhaust system, making the external size significantly smaller, making it ideal for large passenger cars (buses).
This is advantageous when a relatively long and slender volume can be taken, such as when installing under the floor, such as in diesel cars or diesel cars, or when installing in the engine room of a small ship.

[Other Embodiments] The ratio of the number of teeth between the crank gear 22, 22 and the bevel gears 5, 5 at both ends of the rotary cylinder valve 4 in the embodiment described above is 1:2. That is, the crank gear 22.22 rotates twice, while the bevel gear 5.5 rotates once. Since it is a four-stroke engine, the low cylinder valve 4 rotates once every four cycles. However, if the intake hole 7, the exhaust hole 8, and the spark plug 14 are provided instead of one, and another on the opposite side 180 degrees, a 4-cycle engine can be created even if the rotary cylinder valve 4 is rotated at a ratio of 4:1. do.

This consists of a rotary cylinder valve 4 and a bevel gear 5.
This may be realized by changing the fractional ratio of the gears of No. 5, or it may be possible to reduce the speed by interposing a second gear. Since the rotation speed of the rotary cylinder valve 4, which is difficult to seal with gas, is reduced, gas leakage can be reduced compared to the previous embodiment. Further, the rotational friction loss can also be reduced compared to that of the previous embodiment.

Although it is not an opposed piston type, these technologies are disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 135563 (1945) and Utility Model Publication No. 1983-570.
This is a publicly known technique such as Publication No. 4.

The seal ring of the above embodiment was inserted into the cylinder block 1. Further, the seal ring 30 at the opening of the rotary cylinder valve 4 is provided on the rotary cylinder valve 4 itself. However, as can be understood from the above explanation,
The seal rings 10 and 30 are for preventing gas leakage between the rotary cylinder block 4 and the cylinder block 1. Therefore, the seal ring 10.30 may be provided either in the cylinder block 1 or in the rotary cylinder valve 4 as long as it achieves this function. Further, the shape and number of seal rings are not limited to those in the above embodiments, and may be any known seal ring used in internal combustion engines.

Further, although the seal ring 10 of the embodiment described above does not supply oil for lubrication, it may be supplied by an oil pump, natural oil supply, etc., if necessary.

[Effect of the invention] As detailed above, this invention has two pistons,
Even though there are many valves, only one valve is required for the intake and exhaust system, and the structure of the valve is simple because it uses a sleeve valve. Additionally, the compression ratio can be increased, making efficient operation possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an opposed piston type rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of section ■ in Fig. 1, Figs. 3 (a), (b), (C), (d) is a diagram showing the arrangement of the gas seal at the opening, FIG. 4 is a developed view showing the shape of the suction hole, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the operating principle of the rotary cylinder valve. 1... Cylinder block, 2... Crank case,
4... Rotary cylinder valve, 6... Opening, 7
... Suction hole, 8... Exhaust hole, 9... Gas seal mechanism, 10... Seal ring, 20... Crankshaft,
24...Connecting rod patent applicant Oshima Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder block, a rotary cylinder valve,
In a sleeve valve internal combustion engine consisting of two pistons, two crankshafts, etc., a. the cylinder block has an inlet hole and an exhaust hole for inhaling and discharging mixed gas and exhaust gas; b. The rotary cylinder valve is rotatably supported within the cylinder block and has a cylindrical space at the center, c. has an opening at an intermediate position of the rotary cylinder valve, and d. has an opening at both ends of the rotary cylinder valve a gear; e. the two pistons are slidably inserted into the rotary cylinder valve so as to face each other across the opening; and f. the two connecting rods are connected to the two pistons. An opposed piston type rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine comprising: the two crankshafts that are rotatably provided; g. a crank gear that is provided on the two crankshafts and meshes with the gear. 2. In claim 1, a seal ring is interposed between the cylinder block and the rotary cylinder valve to provide a gas seal between the cylinder block and the rotary cylinder valve, and a seal ring is provided around the opening to seal the intake hole and the exhaust hole. An opposed piston rotary sleeve valve internal combustion engine characterized by an annular arrangement of seal rings.